THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 

GIFT  OF 

Commodore  Byron  McCandless 


THE 


HISTORY 

» 

OF  THE 

*    - 

Ancient  aufr  Ijonorabk 

ARTILLERY  COMPANY, 

[REVISED  AND  ENLARGED] 

FROM 

ITS   FORMATION  IN   1637  AND  CHARTER  IN  1638, 
TO  THE  PRESENT  TIME; 


COMPRISING  THE 


BIOGRAPHIES 

OF  THE  DISTINGUISHED 

CIVIL,    LITERARY,    RELIGIOUS,    AND    MILITARY    MEN    OF 
THE    COLONY,    PROVINCE,    AND    COMMONWEALTH. 


BT  THE    LATE 

ZACHARIAH  O.  WHITMAN,  A.  M. 

BOSTON,  MASS. 

Qetorib  <£Mti0n. 


BOSTON: 

JOHN  H.  EASTBURN,  PRINTER, 

No.  18  State  Street. 

1842. 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred 
and  forty-two,  by  the  ANCIENT  AND  HONORABLE  ARTILLERY  COMPANY, 
in  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  Massachusetts. 


UA 


A 


INTRODUCTION 


THE  undersigned,  a  Committee  to  superintend  the  publication  of 
this  History,  have  devoted  to  that  duty  the  time  they  could  spare 
from  their  other  avocations,  and  now  submit  the  volume  to  the 
candor  of  their  associates  and  to  the  public. 

They  feel  none  of  that  weight  of  responsibility,  which  a  work  of 
history  and  biography  necessarily  imposes  on  an  author,  nor  the 
slightest  accountability  for  the  correctness  of  matter,  or  even  the 
arrangement.  They  fully,  however,  accord  their  conviction  that  the 
work  is  one  of  great  interest,  correctness  and  value;  and  they  need 
not  say  that  the  Company  have  spared  no  expense  to  honor  its  public 
"  appearance" 

The  compiler  was  well  known,  for  thirty  years,  as  an  assiduous 
friend  of  the  institution,  a  History  of  which,  published  in  1820,  was 
considered  a  work  of  merit;  in  comparison,  however,  this  edition  is 
vastly  more  accurate,  comprehensive,  and  didactic.  He  was  equally 
remarkable  for  his  antiquarian  and  historical  taste ;  and  we  gladly 
embrace  the  opportunity  to  add,  that  the  manuscript  passed  under 
the  inquisitorial  eye  of  John  Farmer,  Esq,  one  of  the  most  accurate 
and  distinguished  antiquarians  of  our  country.  It  was  prepared  for 
publication  toward  the  close  of  the  second  Centennial  Anniversary, 
but,  for  reasons  unknown,  postponed.  The  Committee  think  the 
omission  of  a  minute  narrative  of  the  CC  Anniversary  to  be  judi- 
cious, since  the  details  of  such  an  occasion  would  have  swelled  the 
book,  (as  in  the  instance  of  Quincy's  History  of  Harvard  College,) 
without  interesting  any,  except  the  actors  in  the  scene. 

It  may  be  regretted  that  the  learned  University  historian  could  not 
have  inspected  the  labors  of  this  compiler,  as  the  College  and  the 
Company  were  twin-born  institutions — mutual  friends  and  co-workers 

OE;.^/*  0-3 

£*->  4  ^  ' 


IV 

for  the  common  good.  Two  Histories,  more  exactly  descriptive  of 
the  past  successive  generations  of  the  New  England  people,  could 
not  probably  be  compiled  from  the  archives  of  existing  institutions. 
To  the  Colonial  and  Provincial  eras,  with  their  characters  and  events, 
the  public  mind  is  ever  intently  turned.  Every  chronicle  and  tablet, 
every  inscription  found  upon  hearth-stone  or  tomb-stone,  leads  us, 
as  by  a  new  path,  through  the  forest  of  American  settlement.  The 
College  educated,  the  Pulpit  encouraged,  the  Militia  defended ;  des- 
pondency brightened  into  confidence,  and  the  few  have  now  become 
a  great  nation.  Well  may  present  and  future  members  take  an  hon- 
est pride  in  connecting  themselves,  by  succession,  with  the  Pilgrim, 
the  Provincial,  and  the  Soldier  of  the  Revolution.  To  the  native 
soil  of  their  native  home  let  them  cling,  with  fonder,  more  filial 
affection,  than  if  it  were  classic  ground ;  seeing  it  was  consecrated 
by  the  nobler  spirit  of  Christian  freedom  and  philanthropy. 

In  adopting  the  large  size  type,  the  Committee  are  compelled  to 
exclude  the  list  of  Preachers,  other  than  of  the  Artillery  Company, 
which,  as  stated,  pp.  69 — 70,  the  compiler  had  prepared.  A  few 
trifling  omissions  of  matter,  irrelevant  to  our  history,  have  also  been 
found  necessary  in  order  to  confine  the  book  to  a  convenient  limit. 
Since  the  compiler's  death,  the  Roll  has  been  continued  to  the  pres- 
ent time,  avoiding  extended  biographies  of  the  present  members,  as 
a  point  of  propriety,  unless  they  have  held  a  commission  in  the  Com- 
pany, or  high  military  rank. 

The  compiler's  biography  was  written  by  one  of  the  Committee. 

If,  in  the  opinion  of  any  member,  past  or  present,  aught  should 
have  been  said  or  omitted,  it  will  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  subject 
is  one  of  much  delicacy,  and  the  Committee  would  assume  no  re- 
sponsibility in  the  premises.  The  work  is  a  public  work,  and  can- 
not authorize  any  recommendation  on  the  part  of  the  institution, 
except  that  which  results  from  its  historical  merit  as  a  chronicle  of 
men  and  things  passed  away — leaving  some  worthy  mementos  to 
their  descendants. 

SAMUEL  A.  ALLEN,          ^ 
GEORGE  M.  THACHER,  >  Committee. 
GEORGE  H.  WHITMAN,  ) 

Boston,  May  12th,  1842. 


HISTORY 

OF    THE 

ANCIENT  AND  HONORABLE 
ARTILLERY    COMPANY. 


A  PRINTED  history  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company,  has  long  been  an  object  interesting 
and  desirable.  Several  attempts  have,  at  different  pe- 
riods, been  made  to  transmit  to  posterity  what  could  be 
gleaned  from  its  records ;  but  so  detached  and  imperfect 
were  the  materials,  that  to  discover  and  trace  the  mili- 
tary events  connected  with  them  was  a  labor  no  one 
was  willing  to  undertake.  A  sketch  of  its  history  was 
published  in  1820.  Since  that  time  many  errors  in  fact, 
and  many  new  facts,  have  been  discovered,  which  have 
induced  the  original  compiler  to  revise  the  same,  and, 
by  a  different  arrangement,  to  present  a  more  authentic 
history. 

This  Company  was  the  first  regular  organized  com- 
pany in  America.  It  may  be  considered  the  germ 
from  which  all  our  military  character  in  New  England, 
if  not  in  the  United  States,  has  sprung ;  and  to  the  for- 
mation of  this  Company  may,  therefore,  justly  be  at- 
tributed the  decided  superiority  of  the  New  England 
Militia. 

Most  writers  upon  the  early  history  of  our  country 
have  confined  themselves  to  ecclesiastical  affairs.  Every 
particle  of  information  respecting  the  private  character 
of  the  first  planters,  especially  those  who  were  members 
of  this  Company,  becomes  valuable.  Our  venerable 
forefathers,  driven  by  religious  persecution  from  their 


2 

native  land  to  these  uncivilized  shores,  brought  with 
them  a  spirit  of  freedom,  which  two  hundred  years 'have 
not  extinguished — which  has  been  transmitted  to  their 

D 

descendants  improved  by  education,  ennobled  and 
brightened  by  constant  exercise,  and,  like  genuine  ore, 
has  not  only  been  purified  from  its  accompanying  dust 
and  dross,  but  lost  nothing  of  its  original  solidity  or 
value.  To  use  the  words  of  a  distinguished  son  of  one 
of  the  earliest  patriots  of  the  revolution,  the  people  of 
New  England  "  were  always  free"  They  were  pious, 
brave  and  enterprising.  Surrounded  by  savage  tribes, 
who  were  jealous  and  treacherous,  they  were  obliged 
to  be  on  the  alert,  and  while  piety  sanctified  the  cause, 
necessity  nerved  the  arm,  to  defend  their  infant  Com- 
monwealth. 

As  no  regular  military  force  accompanied  the  first 
settlers,  or  planters,  they  formed  voluntary  military  as- 
sociations for  defence,  commonly  stiled  "bands,"  or 
"  train  bands."  These  voluntary  associations  consti- 
tuted the  whole  military  before  it  assumed  any  regular 
organization  by  the  Government  of  the  Colony  in  the 
year  1644.  On  the  7th  of  10th  month,  1636,  there 
were  seven  of  these  bands,  viz :  the  band  of  Boston, 
led  by  Capt.  John  Underbill,  with  Edward  Gibbons  as 
Lieutenant,  and  Robert  Hardinge  as  Ensign  ;  the  band 
of  Dorchester,  led  by  Capt.*  Israel  Stoughton,  with 
Nathaniel  Duncan  as  Lieutenant,  and  John  Holman  as 
Ensign  ; — the  band  of  Charlestown,  led  by  Capt.  Rob- 
ert Sedgwick,  with f  as  Lieutenant ; — 

the  band  of  Watertovvn,  led  by  Capt.  William  Geinson, 
or  Jennison ;  the  band  of  Newton,  led  by  Capt.  George 

*I  find  the  name  .Ezekiel  only  in  a  solitary  ancient  copy  of  the  Roll  ;  in  all 
other  Rolls  there  is  no  Christian  name.  I  presume  Israel  is  the  true  Christian 
name. 

t  The  former  edition  gives  Francis  Norton  as  Lieutenant  of  this  band  in  1636  ; 
but  erroneously,  for  Norton  did  not  leave  New  Hampshire  till  1641,  and  then  came 
to  reside  in  Charlestown. 


Cooke,  with  William  Spencer  as  Lieutenant ;  the  band 

of  Saugus,  led  by ,  in  which  Daniel 

Haugh,  or  Howe,  was  Lieutenant,  and  Richard  (by 
some  Robert)  Walker  was  Ensign ;  and  the  band  of 
Ipswich,  led  by  Capt.  Daniel  Dennison,  with  Richard 
Davenport  as  Lieutenant.  These  are  all  the  names  of 
officers  transmitted  to  us ;  all  of  whom  are  among  the 
primary  members.  Although  they  had  selected  the 
most  experienced,  learned  and  skilful,  as  leaders,  they 
found  their  scattered  situation,  and  deficiency  in  tactics 
and  discipline,  rendered  them  unequal  and  unable,  not- 
withstanding their  courage,  to  cope  with  an  artful  foe. 
It  is  proper  here  to  give  all  the  information  we  pos- 
sess relative  to  the  Honorable  Artillery  Company  of 
London,  of  which  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
may  be  considered  as  originally  a  branch.  The  follow- 
ing was  obtained  by  the  friendly  aid  of  Rev.  J.  S.  J. 
Gardiner,  D.  D.  of  Boston,  previous  to  his  death  on  a 
visit  to  England,  and  afterwards  transmitted  to  the  com- 
piler. It  is  a  letter  from  Petty  Vaughan,  Esq.,  of  Lon- 
don, who  acquired  his  information  from  a  Mr.  White 
then  a  member  and  is  as  follows.  London,  July  17th, 
1 830.  Sir — The  Artillery  Company,  London.  A  vol- 
untary band  made  up  of  respectable  men,  and  in  time 
of  peace  rather  a  skeleton  to  be  filled  up  when  occasion 
requires.  They  have  occasional  drills  during  peace. 
Was  originally  a  branch  of  St.  George's  Guild,*  from 
which  other  corps  have  also  sprung.  One  in  Ireland 
and  perhaps  that  in  Boston.  The  Company  have  funds 
from  estates,  which  defray  their  expenses  of  music,  &c ; 
but  Mr.  White  could  not  state  whence  they  were 
originally  derived.  The  Artillery  Company  had  a  char- 
ter granted  in  Henry  VIII  reign,  which  is  given  at 


*  Guild — Johnson's  Dictionary  says  (Saxon)  a  society;  a  corporation,  a  fra- 
ternity,—and  quotes  Cowell. 


4 

length  in  Woods-Bovvmans  Glory,  printed  two  hundred 
years  ago,  and  a  very  rare  book.  On  the  accession  of 
each  King,  a  warrant  is  granted  to  last  during  his 
reign,  and  is  now  promised  by  William  IV.  The 
King  has  the  power  of  appointing  the  Captain  General, 
and  has  usually  nominated  himself.  He  may  also  ap- 
point the  Colonel,  but  that  officer  with  the  rest  are 
usually  elected  by  the  Company,  which  may  be  about 
1000  strong.  The  Duke  of  Sussex  is  the  present 
Colonel,  and  was  elected.  When  the  warrant  by  a 
new  King  is  granted  a  fresh  set  of  Rules  are  printed. 
This  may  be  some  months  hence,  when  Mr.  White  (17 
or  18)  of  Artillery  Place,  Finsbury,  has  promised  a 
copy.  Highmore's  History  of  the  Artillery  Company, 
published  about  thirty-seven  years  ago,  contains  an  ac- 
count of  it  from  its  commencement ;  but  is  a  scarce 
book. 

A  subsequent  letter  of  February  18th,  1831,  inclosed 
the  following  as  a  copy  of  the  "  Rules  and  Orders  "  of 
the  Honorable  Artillery  Company  originally  made  in 
1658,  severally  revised  and  amended  to  the  year  1830. 

PREAMBLE. 

By  virtue  and  in  pursuance  of  the  authorities  with  which  the 
Honorable  Artillery  Company  has  been  invested  by  the  Patents  and 
Warrants  of  His  Majesty's  Predecessors,  and  is  invested  by  the 
Royal  Warrant  of  His  present  Majesty  King  William  the  IV.,  dated 
ihe  twenty-first  day  of  August,  1830,  whereby  His  Majesty  is  gra- 
ciously pleased  to  declare  himself  Captain  General*  of  the  Company, 
and  his  Illustrious  Brother,  Prince  Augustus  Frederick,  Duke  of 
Sussex,  the  Colonel ;  and  confirming  the  immemorial  rights  and 
usages  of  the  Company  to  make  Laws  for  its  own  government,  the 
following  Articles  were,  at  a  General  Court  held  for  that  purpose  at 
the  Armory  House,  on  the  eighteenth  day  of  November,  1830,  ap- 
proved, and  declared  to  be  the  Rules  and  Orders  thereof. 


*  While  George  IV.  was  Captain  General,  the  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  for  the 
time  being,  was  President. 


ARTICLE  I.  That  this  Company  do  consist  of  a  President,  Vice 
President,  Treasurer,  Colonel,  Lieut.  Colonel,  Major,  Chaplain,  Ad- 
jutant, Physician,  Two  Surgeons,  Quarter  Master,  and  Sergeant 
Major,  Eight  Battalion  Companies,  Two  Flank  Companies,  (viz. : 
Grenadiers  and  Light  Infantry,)  a  Yager,  an  Artillery,  an  Archers, 
and  a  Veteran  Company. 

ARTICLE  II.  That  the  Veteran  Company  do  consist  of  not  more 
than  thirty  members,  and  be  honorably  distinguished  in  being  com- 
posed of  members  admitted  into  it  by  the  Court  of  Assistants,  on 
the  recommendation  of  the  Military  Committee. 

ARTICLE  III.  That  the  Company  be  governed  by  a  Court  of 
Assistants,  consisting  of  the  President,  Vice  President,  Treasurer, 
Colonel,  Lieutenant  Colonel,  Major,  and  Adjutant  ;  twenty-four 
elective  Assistants,  the  Lord  Mayor,  the  Aldermen,  and  Sheriffs,  of 
the  City  of  London,  for  the  time  being. 

ARTICLE  IV.  That  no  person  in  future  be  admitted  an  honorary 
member  of  the  Court  of  Assistants. 

ARTICLE  V.  That  the  military  affairs  of  the  Company  be  regu- 
lated by  a  Committee,  consisting  of  the  Field  Officers  and  Adjutant, 
subject  to  the  control  of  the  Court  of  Assistants. 

ARTICLE  VI.     That  all  elections  be  by  ballot. 

ARTICLE  VII.  That  a  General  Court  be  annually  held,  the  first 
Thursday  in  December,  for  the  affairs  of  the  Company,  and  the 
choice  of  a  President,  Vice  President,  Treasurer,  twenty-four  elect- 
ive Assistants,  and  Officers  for  the  year,  viz.,  Colonel,  (when  not 
especially  appointed  by  the  Crown,)  Lieutenant  Colonel,  Major, 
Chaplain,  Adjutant,  Physician,  Two  Surgeons,  Quarter  Master,  and 
Sergeant  Major:  likewise  for  the  Servants  of  the  Company,  viz,  a 
Secretary,  Assistant  Secretary,  and  Messenger. 

ARTICLE  VIII.  That,  twenty-eight  days  previous  to  the  annual 
General  Court,  each  Company  shall  deliver,  by  its  commandinor 
Officer,  to  the  Secretary,  the  names  of  three  members  thereof,  to 
which  the  Court  of  Assistants  may  add  twelve  other  names:  and 
these  conjunctively,  shall  be  returned  to  the  General  Court,  for  the 
election  of  twenty-four,  to  serve  on  the  Court  of  Assistants  for  the 
year  ensuing.  And  if  any  six  members  be  desirous  of  making  any 
alteration  in  the  Civil  Chiefs,  Field  Officers,  Staff,  or  Servants,  of 
the  Company,  a  list  of  names  for  such  alterations,  signed  by  them, 
shall  be  delivered  to  the  Secretary  twenty-eight  days  previous  to  the 
annual  General  Court. 

ARTICLE  IX.  That  the  Court  of  Assistants  may  convene  a  special 
General  Court,  whenever  it  shall  think  expedient. 

ARTICLE  X.     That  if  one  eighth,  but  in  no  case  less  than  thirty 


6 

members  of  the  Company  shall  be  desirous  of  having  a  special 
General  Court  convened,  they  shall  give  notice,  in  writing,  to  the 
Court  of  Assistants,  specifying  the  subject  on  which  such  Court  is 
to  meet ;  and  no  special  General  Court  shall  be  convened  under  any 
other  authority,  unless  the  Court  of  Assistants  shall  refuse  or  neglect 
to  comply  with  the  said  requisition,  for  the  space  of  twenty-one  days  : 
in  which  case  the  said  requesting  members  may  direct  the  Secretary 
to  summon  the  General  Court,  and  when  sixty  members  are  assem- 
bled they  may  proceed  to  business.  The  summons,  convening  the 
special  General  Court,  to  be,  in  all  cases,  delivered  or  sent  to  all  the 
members,  at  least  seven  days  prior  to  the  time  appointed  for  holding 
the  Court,  and  to  specify  the  subject  to  be  taken  into  consideration : 
and  no. other  matter  shall  be  discussed  than  what  shall  be  expressed 
in  such  summons. 

ARTICLE  XI.  That,  for  preserving  due  decorum  in  the  proceed- 
ings and  deliberations  of  the  General  Courts,  the  President,  Vice 
President,  Treasurer,  and  Field  Officers  shall  preside,  according  to 
rank ;  and,  if  none  of  the  above  attend,  the  Court  shall  choose  a 
Chairman.  That  no  person  be  permitted  to  speak  to  one  question 
more  than  twice,  unless  called  upon  to  explain.  All  motions  to  be 
delivered  to  the  Chairman,  in  writing,  and  decided  by  the  holding 
up  of  hands,  unless,  on  a  previous  motion,  it  be  agreed  to  determine 
any  particular  question  by  ballot.  If  two  members  demand  a  divis- 
ion, it  shall  be  allowed ;  those  voting  against  the  question  shall  with- 
draw.— That  no  Protests  be  received. — That  no  Court  be  adjourned 
or  dissolved,  without  a  question  for  that  purpose. — That  no  business 
be  permitted  at  the  annual  General  Court,  after  the  ballot  shall  have 
commenced,  except  the  election  of  the  Officers  of  Companies,  and 
the  declaration  of  the  ballot. 

ARTICLE  XII.  That  no  motion  shall  be  made  at  any  annual  Gen- 
eral Court,  to  alter  or  rescind  any  rule  or  order  of  the  Company, 
unless  the  summons  for  such  Court  shall  specify  the  alteration  in- 
tended to  be  made.  And  if  one  eighth,  but  in  no  case  Jess  than 
thirty  members  shall  be  desirous  of  altering  or  rescinding  any  such 
rule  or  order,  at  any  annual  General  Court,  and  shall  give  twenty- 
eight  days  notice,  in  writing,  to  the  Secretary,  the  Court  of  Assist- 
ants shall  cause  the  same  to  be  specified  in  the  summons  for  such 
annual  General  Court. 

ARTICLE  XIII.  That,  as  often  as  there  shall  happen  to  be  four 
vacancies  of  elected  members  of  the  Court  of  Assistants,  a  General 
Court  shall  be  called  to  fill  up  the  same;  and,  in  case  any  Civil 
Chief,  Officer,  or  Servant  of  the  Company  (mentioned  in  the  seventh 
Article)  shall  die,  resign,  or  be  discontinued,  the  Court  of  Assistants 


shall,  from  time  to  time,  proceed  to  fill  up  such  vacancy  for  the  re- 
mainder of  the  year ;  and  shall  order  any  vacancy  that  may  happen 
in  any  Company,  to  be  filled  up  by  the  members  of  such  Company, 
subject  to  their  approval,  as  to  the  regularity  of  election. 

ARTICLE  XIV.  That  no  change  whatever  shall  be  made  in  any 
part  of  the  Regimentals  of  the  Company,  except  with  the  approba- 
tion of  the  Court  of  Assistants,  upon  the  recommendation  of  the 
Military  Committee,  or  by  the  votes  of  two  thirds  of  the  members 
present  at  a  General  Court. 

ARTICLE  XV.  That  any  Gentleman  desirous  of  becoming  a 
member,  shall  be  recommended  to  the  Court  of  Assistants,  by  five 
members  of  the  Company,  to  whom  he  is  well  known :  which  recom- 
mendation shall  be  delivered  in  writing  to  the  Court,  specifying  the 
name,  age,  place  of  abode,  and  occupation,  of  the  candidate,  and 
whether  he  has  been  a  member  of  any  other  and  what  Corps ;  and  if 
approved,  his  name  and  description  shall  be  put  up  in  writing  by 
the  Secretary,  in  the  Court  room  aud  some  other  conspicuous  place 
in  the  Armory  house,  until  the  next  Court  shall  assemble;  the  sum- 
monses to  be  underwritten,  "  to  ballot  for  the  candidate,"  mention- 
ing his  name  and  description,  and  the  Corps  (if  any)  to  which  he 
belonged ;  that  he,  with  one  of  the  members  recommending,  shall 
attend  such  Court,  when,  if  he  be  of  proper  appearance,  and  doth 
satisfy  the  Court  that  he  is  well  affected  to  His  Majesty  and  the 
Constitution,  that  he  will  be  obedient  to  all  the  Rules  and  Orders 
of  the  Company,  and  will  attend  his  duty  upon  every  occasion  when 
he  shall  be  summoned  for  that  purpose,  the  Court  may  proceed  to 
ballot.  Gentlemen  under  twenty-one  years  of  age  must  produce  the 
approbation  of  their  parents  or  guardians. 

ARTICLE  XVI.  That  no  person  shall  be  entitled  to  vote  upon 
any  occasion  until  he  has  been  a  member  six  calendar  months. 

ARTICLE  XVII.  That  members  under  twenty-one  years  of  age 
shall  be  designated  Cadets,  and  not  be  allowed,  during  such  minori- 
ty, to  vote  at  a  General  Court,  nor  be  eligible  to  sit  upon  the  Court 
of  Assistants,  nor  be  elected  officers. 

ARTICLE  XVIII.  That  the  Court  of  Assistants  be  empowered  to 
expel  any  member  who  shall  recommend  a  person  under  a  fictitious 
description,  and  the  members  so  recommended. 

ARTICLE  XIX.  That  every  gentleman,  at  his  admission,  do  pay 
three  pounds  fifteen  shillings  to  the  Company,  five  shillings  to  the 
Secretary,  two  shillings  to  the  Messenger,  and  two  shillings  for 
charitable  uses. 

ARTICLE  XX.  That  every  member  do  pay,  to  the  person  ap- 
pointed to  collect  the  same  two  pounds  two  shillings  per  annum,  (in 


8 

advance)  commencing  from  Michaelmas  1831 ;  that  no  person  shall 
have  a  right  to  vote  at  a  General  Court,  or  be  chosen  into  any  office, 
until  he  has  paid  the  same,  it  having  been  demanded ;  and,  on  re- 
fusal to  comply,  he  shall  be  summoned  before  the  first  Court  of 
Assistants  after  Lady-Day,  to  answer  for  such  neglect  or  refusal  ; 
and,  if  he  do  not  then  pay  or  attend  the  said  Court,  they  are  em- 
powered to  expel  him  the  Company. 

ARTICLE  XXI.  That,  if  any  member  be  guilty  of  any  act  which 
affects  the  peace,  honor,  or  prosperity,  of  the  Company,  the  Court 
of  Assistants,  on  proof  thereof,  are  empowered,  to  censure,  fine,  or 
expel  him  :  subject  to  an  appeal  to  a  General  Court. 

ARTICLE  XXII.  That  whoever  may  be  elected  Secretary,  or 
Collector,  or  appointed  to  any  other  place  of  trust,  shall,  within 
twenty-eight  days  after  his  election,  give  such  security  as  the  Court 
of  Assistants  may  think  proper,  and  in  default  thereof  the  appoint- 
ment shall  be  void.  That  the  accounts  of  the  Company  be  audited, 
at  least  once  a  year,  to  Michaelmas  :  and  the  state  thereof  reported 
to  the  annual  General  Court  in  December  following. 

ARTICLE  XXIII.  That  the  Court  of  Assistants  be  empowered  to 
fine,  suspend,  or  discharge,  any  of  the  servants  of  the  Company  who 
shall  misbehave  or  neglect  their  duty,  and  shall  report  the  same  to 
the  next  General  Court. 

ARTICLE  XXIV.  That  the  Court  of  Assistants  be  empowered  to 
make  any  Rules  or  Orders  they  may  see  necessary,  which  are  not 
contrary  to  the  Orders  of  a  General  Court ;  and  such  Rules  and  Or- 
ders shall  be  immediately  printed  and  distributed  to  all  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Company. 

ARTICLE  XXV.  That  the  Officers  be  chosen  separately,  by  ballot, 
by  the  respective  Companies,  at  the  annual  General  Court  in  Decem- 
ber, immediately  after  the  ballot  for  the  Chiefs,  Field  Officers,  Court 
Assistants,  and  Servants,  of  the  Company,  during  the  scrutiny ;  and 
that  those  engaged  upon  the  scrutiny  be  allowed  to  ballot  in  their 
respective  Companies  by  proxy ;  and  that  all  elections  of  officers  of 
companies  shall  be  reported  to  the  next  meeting  of  the  Court  of  As- 
sistants, for  their  approval  as  to  the  regularity  of  such  elections. 

ARTICLE  XXVI.  That  no  person  belonging  to  any  other  military 
corps  shall  be  an  officer  of  this  Company,  or  a  member  of  the  Court 
of  Assistants  thereof. 

ARTICLE  XXVII.  That  if  any  member  withdraw  himself  from 
this  Company,  he  shall  not  be  re-admitted  but  on  paying  the  usual 
fees  of  admission ;  and,  if  he  does  not  assign  sufficient  reason  to  the 
Court  of  Assistants,  he  shall  also  pay  the  arrears  of  subscription 
from  the  time  he  withdrew. 


9 

ARTICLE  XXVIII.  That  in  cases  of  public  emergency,  or  of  im- 
portance to  the  honor  and  interest  of  the  Company,  wherein  decision 
is  required  before  the  Court  of  Assistants  can  be  regularly  convened, 
the  Court  of  Assistants  may  assemble  without  summons,  and  when 
five  are  met  they  are  empowered  to  order  the  members  to  assemble 
under  arms,  or  to  issue  any  other  orders  that  the  urgency  of  the  case 
may  require,  and  shall  give  directions  for  a  special  Court  of  Assist- 
ants being  summoned  to  meet  within  three  days  to  consider  of  their 
proceedings. 

Several  of  the  first  planters  had  belonged  to  the  Hon- 
orable Artillery  Company  in  London,  and  probably  de- 
sired to  establish  a  branch  of  it  in  the  place  of  their 
adoption,  as  well  as  to  benefit  their  infant  Colony, 
which  then  consisted  of  only  fifteen  towns,  viz.  Salem, 
Charlestown,  Boston,  Cambridge,  Dorchester,  Roxbury, 
Watertown,  Medford,  Ipswich,  Newbury,  Hingham, 
Concord,  Weymouth,  Dedham  and  Lynn.  "  Many  of 
the  first  Fathers  of  New  England  justly  deserved  the 
character  of  being  shining  ornaments  of  the  Church  of 
Christ,  as  well  as  the  strongest  bulwarks  of  civil  socie- 
ty ;  they  were  noble  instances  of  sublime  piety  and  mar- 
tial accomplishments  : — they  were  equally  qualified  to 
adorn  the  Church  by  their  exemplary  virtue,  and  de- 
fend it  by  their  valour."  They,  therefore,  such  as  the 
leaders  and  officers  of  the  voluntary  train  bands  before 
mentioned,  and  the  principal  magistrates  and  citizens, 
formed  a  new  military  association,  and  as  early  as 
1637,  met  for  improvement  in  discipline  and  tactics. 
Of  the  associates  in  1637,  the  names  of  only  twenty- 
four  have  been  preserved. 

A  petition  was  addressed  to  Governor  Winthrop  for 
a  charter  of  incorporation  ;  but  it  appears  they  did  not 
meet  with  success  in  their  first  application.  Gov.  Win- 
throp says :  Mo.  12,  1637,  "  Divers  gentlemen  and 
others,  being  joined  in  a  military  Company,  desired  to 
be  made  a  corporation,  &c.  But  the  Council,  consid- 
ering [from  the  example  of  the  Pretorian  band  among 


10 

the  Romans,  and  the  Templars  of  Europe]  how  dan- 
gerous it  might  be  to  erect  a  standing  authority  of  mili- 
tary men,  which  might  easily,  in  time,  overthrow  the 
civil  power,  thought  fit  to  stop  it  betimes.  Yet  they 
were  allowed  to  be  a  Company,  but  subordinate  to  all 
authority."  Another  writer,  using  nearly  the  same 
words,  adds,  "  thus  were  the  chief  rulers  of  the  country 
not  only  ready  to  espy,  but  timely  prevent  any  incon- 
veniency  that  might  in  aftertimes  arise."  It  is  also 
supposed  that  the  government  were  averse  to  granting 
a  charter,  because  many  of  the  most  conspicuous  of  the 
members,  or  applicants,  were  warm  adherents  of  the 
famous  Mrs.  Hutchinson,  and  the  constituted  authorities 
being  her  opponents  were  unwilling  to  grant  the  peti- 
tion. 

In  the  records  of  the  government  of  the  Colony,  now 
preserved  in  the  Secretary's  office,  is  found  under  date 
of  17th  3d  month  1638,  the  following  notice  of  the 
Company :  "  The  Military  Company  of  Boston  may 
present  two  or  three  to  the  Council,  to  choose  a  cap- 
tain out  of  them."  Also,  "  Captain  Keayne  and  the 
Military  Company  have  power  to  exercise  where  they 
please,  and  to  make  use  of  so  many  of  the  common 
arms  as  they  need ;  and  a  warrant  from  any  of  the 
Council  is  sufficient  for  the  delivery  of  them  unto  Cap- 
tain Keayne,  or  such  as  he  shall  appoint."  They  were 
therefore  permitted  to  continue  their  voluntary  associa- 
tion ;  but  men  who  had  braved  the  dangers  of  the 
winds  and  waves  for  conscience  sake,  and  whose  firm- 
ness, courage,  and  piety  were  a  shield  and  protection 
in  every  emergency,  were  not  to  be  shaken  in  their 
resolutions  or  baffled  in  their  enterprises.  By  perse- 
verance they  obtained  a  charter ;  which,  as  extracted 
from  the  original  records  of  the  Colony,  March  17th, 
1638,  O.  S.  reads  thus: 


.  11 

"  Orders  for  the  Military  Company,  made  by  the  Governor  and 
Council,  and  confirmed  by  the  General  Court. 

"  Whereas  divers  Gentlemen  and  others,  out  of  their  care  of  the 
publick  weal  and  safety,  by  the  advancement  of  the  military  art,  and 
exercise  of  arms,  have  desired  license  of  the  Court  to  join  themselves 
in  one  Company,  and  to  have  the  liberty  to  exercise  themselves,  as 
their  occasions  will  best  permit ;  and  that  such  liberties  and  privi- 
leges might  be  granted  them,  as  the  Court  should  think  meet,  for 
their  better  encouragement  and  furtherance  in  so  useful  an  employ- 
ment; which  request  of  theirs  being  referred  unto  us  of  the  Stand- 
ing Council,  we  have  thought  fit,  upon  serious  consideration,  and 
conference  with  divers  of  the  principal  of  them,  to  set  down  and  or- 
der herein  as  followeth  : 

"  Imprimis.  We  do  order,  that  Robert  Keayne,  Nathaniel  Dun- 
can, Robert  Sedgwick,  William  Spencer,  Gentlemen,  and  such  others 
as  are  already  joined  with  them,  and  such  as  they  shall  from  time  to 
time  take  into  their  Company,  shall  be  called  the  Military  Company 
of  Massachusetts. 

"  2dly.  They  or  the  greater  number  of  them,  shall  have  liberty  to 
choose  their  Captain,  Lieutenant,  and  all  other  officers.  Their  Cap- 
tain and  Lieutenant  to  be  always  such  as  the  Court  or  Council  shall 
allow  of;  and  no  officer  be  put  upon  them,  but  of  their  own  choice. 

"  3dly.  The  first  Monday  in  every  month  is  appointed  for  their 
meeting  and  exercise ;  and  to  the  end  that  they  may  not  be  hindered 
from  coming  together,  we  do  hereby  order,  that  no  other  training  in 
the  particular  towns,  nor  other  ordinary  town  meetings,  shall  be  ap- 
pointed on  that  day ;  and  if  that  day  prove  unseasonable  for  the  ex- 
ercise of  their  arms,  then  the  sixth  of  the  same  week  is  appointed 
for  supply.  This  not  to  extend  to  Salem,  or  the  towns  beyond,  nor 
to  Hingham,  Weymouth,  Dedham,  nor  Concord.* 

*  In  the  early  records  of  the  Company,  and  transcript  rnade  in  pursuance  of 
Daniel  Henchman,  the  commander's  orders,  and  under  date  of  1702,  is  incor- 
porated another  article  numbered  3d  and  insetted  between  3d!y  and  4thly  of 
the  Charter  as  here  printed,  viz  :  "  None  of  the  said  Military  Company,  (except 
such  as  shall  be  officers  in  any  other  train  baud  in  any  particular  town,)  shall  be 
bound  to  give  attendance  upon  their  ordinary  trainings."  Snow,  in  his  History  of 
Boston  inserts  this  as  an  original  part  of  the  Charter  ;  but  he  took  it  from  the 
Charter  as  printed  then  for  the  use  of  the  members  from  their  records  rather  than 
looking  at  the  records  of  the  Colony.  The  first  By-laws  adopted  1657  seem  to  be 
founded  on  such  an  article,  but  it  is  presumed  none  such  ever  existed.  It  was  a 
custom  adopted  rather  at  the  commencement  of  the  Company  and  so  handed 
down,  until,  by  tradition  and  use,  it  became  merged  or  interpolated  in  the  Charter. 
It  is  however  an  important  privilege  of  the  Company,  going  to  exempt  all  citizens, 


12 

"  4thly.  They  have  liberty  and  power  to  make  orders  amongst 
themselves,  for  the  better  managing  their  military  affairs ;  which  or- 
ders are  to  be  of  force,  when  they  shall  be  allowed  by  the  Court  or 
Council ;  and  they  may  appoint  an  officer  to  levy  any  fines  or  for- 
feitures, which  they  shall  impose  upon  any  of  their  own  Company, 
for  the  breach  of  any  such  order,  so  as  the  same  exceed  not  twenty 
shillings  for  any  one  offence. 

"  Sthly.  The  said  Military  Company  are  to  have  one  thousand 
acres  of  land,  (in  some  such  place  as  may  not  be  prejudicial  to  any 
plantation,)  to  be  granted  by  the  Court  to  some  of  the  said  Com- 
pany, for  the  use  of  the  present  Company,  and  such  as  shall  succeed 
in  the  same ;  to  be  improved  by  them  within  a  time  convenient,  for 
providing  necessaries  for  their  military  exercises,  and  defraying  of 
other  charges,  which  may  arise  by  occasion  thereof. 

"  Gthly.  The  said  Company  shall  have  liberty,  at  the  time  before 
appointed,  to  assemble  themselves  for  their  military  exercises,  in  any 
town  within  this  jurisdiction,  at  their  own  pleasure;  provided  al- 
ways, that  this  order  or  grant,  or  anything  therein  contained,  shall 
not  extend  to  free  the  said  Company,  or  any  of  them,  their  persons 
or  estates,  from  the  civil  Government  and  jurisdiction  here  estab- 
lished. -*v 

"  JOHN  WINTHROP,  Governor. 

"  THOMAS  DUDLEY,  Dep.  Governor." 

Under  the  sanction  of  the  government  of  the  Colony, 
the  Company  was  first  organized  by  electing,  on  the 
first  Monday  of  June,  1638,  Capt.  Robert  Keayne,  as 
Commander,  Daniel  Haugh,*  or  Howe,  Lieutenant, 
and  Joseph  Weld,  Ensign.  Lewis,  in  his  recent  his- 
tory of  Lynn,  says,  "  1638.  First  Monday  of  June. 
The  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  organ- 
ized. In  the  afternoon,  between  the  hours  of  three  and 
four,  there  was  very  great  earthquake.  People  found 
it  difficult  to  stand,  and  furniture  and  chimneys  were 
thrown  down.  Shocks  were  repeated  for  several  weeks, 
&c."  It  is  worthy  of  remark  here,  and  the  fact  is 

otherwise   liable   to  duty,  from   doing  such   duty    in   companies,   within  whose 
bounds  they  may  reside  ;  and  as  such  has  always  received  such  construction. 

*  This  name  is  spelt  in  old  rolls  and  list  of  officers  Haugh,  but  it  undoubtedly 
means  Lieut.  Daniel  Howe  of  Lynn. 


13 

substantiated  by  tradition,  among  the  oldest  members, 
that  they  rarely  have  known  an  Artillery  Election  day 
without  rain  during  some  part  of  it.  The  subsequent 
history  of  the  Company,  will  proceed  chronologically 
as  it  regards  the  Roll,  introducing  as  much  biography 
of  its  members  as  can  be  gleaned,  and  at  the  end  of  the 
year  such  important  acts  or  facts  concerning  the  Com- 
pany generally,  or  the  militia  of  the  State,  as  have  any 
connexion  therewith,  or  may  be  interesting.  The  first 
anniversary  was  therefore  celebrated  in  June  1638, 
though  the  voluntary  association  had  existed,  as  before 
remarked,  for  a  year  or  more  previous. 

1637. 

CAPT.  ROBERT  KEAYNE.  The  first  on  the  Roll,  and 
first  named  in  the  Charter.  Where  he  was  born,  and 
when,  is  unknown.  He  was  by  profession  a  merchant 
tailor,  and  came  from  London,  in  company  with  his 
brother  in  law,  Rev.  John  Wilson,  first  minister  of  the 
first  Church  founded  in  Boston.  He  was  probably 
somewhat  advanced  in  age,  since  his  only  son  and 
child,  Benjamin,  is  enrolled  among  the  members  admit- 
ted 1638.  He  had  been,  previous  to  his  emigration, 
a  member  of  the  Honorable  Artillery  Company  in  Lon- 
don. As  he  was  admitted  to  the  freeman's  oath,  at  the 
Court,  Mav,  1636,  we  conclude  he  arrived  the  autumn 
previous.  He  was  received  into  Boston  Church,  March 
20th,  1635-6.  Of  the  sixty-two  admitted  freemen  the 
same  day,  he  was  one  of  the  four  who  had  the  title  Mr., 
the  prefix  of  respect.  We  have  already  noticed  him  as 
being  the  person  to  whom,  by  order  of  the  Court,  the 
persons  disarmed  on  account  of  Mrs.  Hutchinson's 
difficulties,  were  to  surrender  their  arms ;  he  was  there- 
fore strictly  orthodox,  and  adhered  to  the  party  of  Gov. 
Winthrop.  He  must  have  been  wealthy  before  he  left 
London,  for  he  was  one  of  the  forty-two  who  raised  by 


14 

subscription  £1,800,  as  an  encouragement  of  the  Plan- 
tation at  Plymouth,  7th  April,  1624,  by  which  its  life 
was  preserved. 

Capt.  Keayne  was  the  first  Commander  of  the  Com- 
pany, elected  June,  1638,  and  again  elected  its  Captain, 
1647,  on  its  tenth  anniversary.  We  have  no  evidence 
that  he  sustained  any  military  office  higher  in  rank  than 
Captain.  Many  important  offices  and  trusts  were  com- 
mitted to  his  charge,  both  in  town  and  State  affairs.  In 
all  the  earliest  town  meetings  in  Boston,  Capt.  Keayne 
took  an  active  and  leading  part,  and  was  their  Deputy 
in  the  General  Court,  1638,  they  holding  four  courts  in 
a  year,  and  doing  all  their  business  generally  in  a  few 
days.  He  was  also  their  Deputy  at  the  first  Court, 
1639.  In  1642  and  ever  after,  the  Deputies  were 
elected  for  a  year,  and  he  again  served  as  Deputy  in 
1645-6-8  and  9,  in  which  station  his  activity  and  use- 
fulness were  equally  conspicuous.  He  became  a  man 
of  large  property,  distinguished  for  his  piety  and  be- 
nevolence ;  and  in  every  plan  for  improvement  or  enter- 
prise, for  building  up  the  church,  the  town,  the  college, 
or  colony  at  large,  Robert  Keayne's  name  appears  as  a 
patron.  So  eminently  useful  were  his  services,  and  he 
stood  so  high  in  the  estimation  of  the  Government,  that 
in  May,  1639,  a  grant  of  four  hundred  acres  of  land 
had  been  made  to  him,  when  others,  of  no  larger  quan- 
tity, were  made  to  several  gentlemen  of  the  first  rank 
in  the  Colony. 

His  industry  must  have  been  great ;  for,  in  addition 
to  his  private  affairs  and  public  duties,  he  was  in  the 
habit  of  taking  minutes  of  the  various  and  almost  per- 
petual church  proceedings,  several  of  which,  with  ser- 
mons he*  heard,  taken  in  short  hand,  or  in  substance, 
are  preserved  in  the  Historical  Library  of  Massachu- 
setts, all  in  his  own  hand  writing.  This  was  an  early 
custom  among  our  forefathers,  but  it  is  difficult  to  de- 


15 

cipher  them,  on  account  of  the  loss  of  the  key ;  never- 
theless they  have  been  of  great  use  to  the  antiquary. 
His  name  appears  spelt  differently,  being  sometimes 
spelt  Cane,  Cayne,  Kene,  Keene,  Keine,  Keaine.  His 
house  was  situated  at  the  south-west  corner  of  State 
and  Washington  Streets,  opposite  the  then  market, 
upon  which  the  Old  State  House  now  stands,  and  there 
probably  stood  his  shop.* 

Notwithstanding  this  excellent  character,  we  learn 
he  did  not  comply  in  all  things  with  the  rigid  morality 
of  his  puritanical  brethren.  He  was,  in  1639,  com- 
plained of  before  the  General  Court  for  great  oppres- 
sion. Winthrop  gives  the  following  account  of  the 
matter,  under  date  of  month  9th,  1639.  "At  a  General 
Court  holden  at  Boston,  great  complaint  was  made  of 
the  oppression  used  in  the  country,  in  the  sale  of  for- 
eign commodities ;  and  Mr.  Robert  Kaine,  who  kept  a 
shop  in  Boston,  was,  notoriously  above  others,  observed 
and  complained  of;  and,  being  covenanted,  he  was 
charged  with  many  particulars  :  in  some,  for  taking 
above  six  pence  in  the  shilling  profit ;  in  some,  above 
eight  pence ;  and  in  some  small  things, 'above  two  for 
one  :  and  being  hereof  convict,  (as  appears  by  the 
records,)  he  was  fined  £200,  which  came  thus  to  pass. 
The  deputies  considered,  apart,  of  his  fine,  and  set  it 
at  £200  ;  the  magistrates  agreed  but  to  £100.  So,  the 
Court  being  divided,  at  length  it  was  agreed,  that  his 
fine  should  be  £200,  but  he  should  pay  but  £100,  and 
the  other  should  be  respited  to  the  further  consideration 
of  the  next  General  Court.  By  this  means  the  magis- 
trates and  deputies  were  brought  to  an  accord,  which 
otherwise  had  not  been  likely,  and  so  much  trouble 
might  have  grown,  and  the  offender  escaped  censure. 
For  the  cry  of  the  country  was  so  great  against  oppres- 

*See  Book  of  Possessions  ;  and  Suow's  History  of  Boston,  p.  117. 


16 

sion,  and  some  of  the  elders  and  magistrates  had  de- 
clared such  detestation  of  the  corrupt  practice  of  this 
man  (which  was  the  more  observable,  because  he  was 
wealthy,  and  sold  dearer  than  most  other  tradesmen, 
and  for  that  he  was  of  ill  report  for  the  like  covetous 
practice  in  England,  that  incensed  the  deputies  very 
much  against  him.)  And  sure  the  course  was  very 
evil,  especial  circumstances  considered :  1st.  He  be- 
ing an  ancient  professor  of  the  gospel :  2d.  A  man  of 
eminent  parts :  3d.  Wealthy,  and  having  but  one  child : 
4th.  Having  come  over  for  conscience  sake,  and  for 
the  advancement  of  the  gospel  here :  5th.  Having  been 
formerly  dealt  with  and  admonished,  both  by  private 
friends  and  also  by  some  of  the  magistrates  and  elders, 
and  having  promised  reformation ;  being  a  member  of 
a  church  and  commonwealth  now  in  their  infancy,  and 
under  the  curious  observation  of  all  churches  and  civil 
States  in  the  world.  These  added  much  aggravation 
to  his  sin,  in  the  judgment  of  all  men  of  understanding. 
Yet  most  of  the  magistrates  (though  they  discerned  of 
the  offence  clothed  with  all  these  circumstances)  would 
have  been  more  moderate  in  their  censure :  1st.  Be- 
cause there  was  no  law  in  force  to  limit  or  direct  men 
in  point  of  profit  in  their  trade :  2d.  Because  it  is  the 
common  practice,  in  all  countries,  for  men  to  make  use 
of  advantages  for  raising  the  prices  of  their  commodi- 
ties :  3d.  Because  (though  he  were  chiefly  aimed  at, 
yet)  he  was  not  alone  in  this  fault :  4th.  Because  all 
men  through  the  country}  in  sale  of  cattle,  corn,  labour, 
&c.,  were  guilty  of  the  like  excess  in  prices :  5th.  Be- 
cause a  certain  rule  could  not  be  found  out  for  an  equal 
rate  between  buyer  and  seller,  though  much  labour  had 
been  bestowed  in  it,  and  divers  laws  had  been  made, 
which,  upon  experience,  were  repealed,  as  being  neither 
safe  nor  equal.  Lastly,  and  especially,  because  the  law 
of  God  appoints  no  other  punishment  but  double  resti- 


17 

tution :  and,  in  some  cases,  as  where  the  offender  freely 
confesseth,  and  brings  his  offering,  only  half  added  to 
the  principal.  After  the  Court  had  censured  him,  the 
Church  of  Boston  called  him  also  in  question,  where 
(as  before  he  had  done  in  the  court)  he  did,  with  tears, 
acknowledge  and  bewail  his  covetous  and  corrupt  heart, 
yet  making  some  excuse  for  many  of  the  particulars, 
which  were  charged  upon  him,  as  partly  by  pretence  of 
ignorance  of  the  true  price  of 'some  wares,  and  chiefly 
by  being  misled  by  some  false  principles,  as:  1st.  That 
if  a  man  lost  in  one  commodity,  he  might  help  himself 
in  the  price  of  another :  2d.  That  if,  through  want  of 
skill  or  other  occasion,  his  commodity  cost  him  more 
than  the  price  of  the  market  in  England,  he  might  then 
sell  it  for  more  than  the  price  of  the  market  in  New 
England,  &c.  These  things  gave  occasion  to  Mr.  Cot- 
ton, in  his  public  exercise  the  next  lecture  day,  to  lay 
open  the  error  of  such  false  principles,  and  to  give  rules 
of  direction.  Some  false  principles  were  these : 

1st.  That  a  man  might  sell  as  dear  as  he  can,  and  buy  as  cheap 
as  he  can. 

2d.  If  a  man  lose,  by  casualty  of  sea,  &c.,  in  some  of  his  com- 
modities, he  may  raise  the  price  of  the  rest. 

3d.  That  he  may  sell  as  he  bought,  though  he  paid  too  dear,  &,c., 
and  though  the  commodity  be  fallen,  &,c. 

4th.  That,  as  a  man  may  take  the  advantage  of  his  own  skill,  or 
ability,  so  he  may  of  another's  ignorance  or  necessity. 

5th.  Where  one  gives  time  for  payment,  he  is  to  take  like  recom- 
pense of  one  as  of  another. 

The  rules  for  trading  were- these: 

1st."  A  man  may  not  sell  above  the  current  price:  i.  e.  such  a 
price  as  is  usual  in  the  time  and  place,  and  as  another  (who  knows 
the  worth  of  the  commodity)  would  give  for  it,  if  he  had  occasion 
to  use  it;  as  that  is  called  current  money,  which  every  man  will 
take,  &-c. 

2d.  When  a  man  loseth  in  his  commodity  for  want  of  skill,  &c., 
he  must  look  at  it  as  his  own  fault  or  cross,  and  therefore  must  not 
lay  it  upon  another. 


18 

3d.  Where  a  man  loseth  by  casualty  at  sea,  or  &c.,  it  is  a  loss  cast 
upon  himself  by  providence,  and  he  may  not  ease  himself  of  it  by 
casting  it  upon  another ;  for  so  a  man  should  seem  to  provide  against 
all  providences,  &.C.,  that  he  should  never  lose :  but  where  there  is 
a  scarcity  of  the  commodity,  there  men  may  raise  their  price ;  for 
now  it  is  a  hand  of  God  upon  the  commodity,  and  not  the  person. 

4th.  A  man  may  not  ask  any  more  for  his  commodity  than  his 
selling  price,  as  Ephraim  to  Abraham,  the  land  is  worth  so  muck 

The  cause  being  debated  by  the  church,  some  were 
earnest  to  have  him  excommunicated ;  but  the  most 
thought  an  admonition  would  be  sufficient.  Mr.  Cotton 
opened  the  causes  which  required  excommunication, 
out  of  that  in  1st  Corinthians,  v,  1 1th.  The  point  now 
in  question  was,  whether  these  actions  did  declare  him 
to  be  such  a  covetous  person,  &c.  Upon  which  he 
showed,  that  it  is  neither  the  habit  of  covetousness, 
(which  is  in  every  man  in  some  degree,)  nor  simply  the 
act,  that  declares  a  man  to  be  such,  but  when  it  ap- 
pears, that  a  man  sins  against  his  conscience,  or  the 
very  light  of  nature,  and  when  it  appears  in  a  man's 
whole  conversation.  But  Mr.  Keaine  did  not  appear  to 
be  such,  but  rather  upon  an  error  in  his  judgment,  be- 
ing led  by  false  principles  ;  and  besides,  he  is  otherwise 
liberal,  as  in  hospitality,  and  in  church  communion,  &c. 
So,  in  the  end,  the  church  consented  to  an  admonition. 
Upon  this  occasion  a  question  grew,  whether  an  admo- 
nition did  bar  a  man  from  the  sacrament,  &c. 

Under  date  of  3d  mo.  13th,  1640,  Winthrop  says: 
"  This  first  Court  there  fell  some  difference  between 
the  Governor*  and  some  of  the  Deputies  about  a  vote, 
upon  a  motion  to  have  the  fine  of  £200  imposed  upon 
Mr.  Robert  Keaine  to  be  abated.  Some  would  have 
had  it  at  £100 — others  at  100  marks,  others  at  50,  and 

*  Keayne,  in  his  will,  says,  Winthrop  was  prejudiced  against  him,  but  changed 
his  opinion  on  the  matter  shortly  before  his  death,  and  designed  to  have  moved 
the  Court  for  restitution  of  the  fine. 


19 

because  the  Governor  put  the  lowest  to  the  vote  first, 
whereas  divers  called  for  the  highest,  they  charged  the 
Governor  with  breach  of  order,  whereupon  he  grew 
into  some  heat,  professing  that  he  would  not  suffer  such 
things,  &c.  The  Deputies  took  this  as  a  menacing^ 
and  much  offence  they  took  at  it ;  but  the  next  day  he 
cleared  his  intention  to  them,  and  all  was  quiet."  Dud- 
ley, who  was  brother-in-law  to  Keayne,  was  Governor 
at  this  election  in  the  room  of  Winthrop,  he  having  de- 
clined a  reelection  that  year  from  the  republican  prin- 
ciple of  a  rotation  in  office.  The  Colony  Records  I. 
276,  May  session,  1640,  say,  "Mr.  Robert  Keayne  had 
£120  of  his  fine  remitted  him;  so  that  there  remains 
only  £80  to  be  paid  by  him." 

From  the  foregoing  we  may  conclude  that  Capt. 
K.  was  not  added  to  the  list  of  martyrs,  nor  his 
judges  or  persecutors  canonized  as  saints.  How  sur- 
prising that  grave  Governors  and  Legislators,  learned 
Divines  and  pious  Christians,  should  waste  their  time 
and  abuse  their  talents  upon  such  absurd  and  trifling 
subtleties.  It  may  seriously  lead  us  to  doubt  both  their 
sanctification  and  justification,  when  they  could  spend 
their  time  about  such  metaphysical  nonsense.  But  it  is 
always  the  case  when  a  Theocracy  has  the  supremacy ; 
for  it  is  necessary,  as  soon  as  the  religious  fever  has 
reached  its  height,  to  furnish  some  aliment  to  keep  up 
the  tone,  and  none  other  is  so  nutritious  as  regulating 
each  others'  private  concerns  and  characters.  A  sort 
of  espionage  is  tolerated  and  encouraged,  which  pros- 
trates all  freedom  of  thought  and  action,  and  every 
liberal  feeling,  while  it  gives  the  chief  actors  great  eclat, 
and  enhances  their  claims  to  superior  holiness.  We 
should  remember  that  empty  vessels  always  produce  the 
loudest  sound. 

Unhappily,  Keayne  fell  under  obloquy  again :  a  less 
probable,  though  more  ingenious  accusation  was  pre- 


20 

ferred,  of  which  a  very  particular  relation  is  here  ex- 
tracted from  Savage's  edition  of  "Winthrop.  At  a  ses- 
sion of  the  General  Court,  month  2o.  22o.  1642. 
"  There  fell  out  a  great  business  upon  a  very  small 
occasion.  Anno  1 636,  there  was  a  stray  sow  in  Boston, 
which  was  brought  to  Capt.  Keayne :  he  had  it  cried 
divers  times,  and  divers  came  to  see  it,  but  none  made 
claim  to  it  for  near  a  year.  He  kept  it  in  his  yard 
with  a  sow  of  his  own.  Afterwards  one  Sherman's  wife, 
having  lost  such  a  sow,  laid  claim  to  it,  but  came  not 
to  see  it,  till  Capt.  Keayne  had  killed  his  own  sow. 
After  being  showed  the  stray  sow,  and  finding  it  to 
have  other  marks  than  she  had  claimed  her  sow  by,  she 
gave  out  that  he  had  killed  her  sow.  The  noise  hereof 
being  spread  about  the  town,  the  matter  was  brought 
before  the  elders  of  the  church  as  a  case  of  offence  ; 
many  witnesses  were  examined,  and  Capt.  Keayne  was 
cleared.  She  not  being  satisfied  with  this,  by  the  in- 
stigation of  one  George  Story,  a  young  merchant  of 
London,  who  kept  in  her  house,  (her  husband  being 
then  in  England,)  and  had  been  brought  before  the  Gov- 
ernor upon  complaint  of  Capt.  Keayne  as  living  under 
suspicion,  she  brought  the  cause  to  the  inferior  Court 
at  Boston,  where,  upon  a  full  hearing,  Capt.  Keayne 
was  again  cleared,  and  the  jury  gave  him  £3  for  his 
costs,  and  he,  bringing  his  action  against  Story  and  her 
for  reporting  about  that  he  had  stolen  her  sow,  recov- 
ered £20  damages  of  either  of  them.  Story  upon  this 
searcheth  town  and  country  to  find  matter  against  Capt. 
Keayne  about  this  stray  sow,  and  got  one  of  his  wit- 
nesses to  come  into  Salem  Court  and  to  confess  there 
that  he  had  foresworn  himself;  and  upon  this  he  peti- 
tions in  Sherman's  name,  to  this  General  Court,  to  have 
the  cause  heard  again,  which  was  granted,  and  the  best 
part  of  seven  days  were  spent  in  examining  of  witnesses 
and  debating  of  the  cause ;  and  yet  it  was  not  deter- 


21 

mined,  for,  there  being  nine  Magistrates  and  thirty 
Deputies,  no  sentence  could  by  law  pass  without  the 
greater  number  of  both,  which  neither  Plaintiff  nor 
Defendant  had,  for  there  were  for  the  Plaintiff  two 
Magistrates  and  fifteen  Deputies,  and  for  the  Defendant 
seven  Magistrates  and  eight  Deputies,  the  other  seven 
Deputies  stood  doubtful.  Much  contention  and  earn- 
estness there  was,  which  indeed  did  mostly  arise  from 
the  difficulty  of  the  case,  in  regard  of  cross  witnesses, 
and  some  prejudices  (as  one  professed)  against  the  per- 
son, which  blinded  some  men's  judgments  that  they 
could  not  attend  the  true  nature  and  course  of  the  evi- 
dence. For  all  the  Plaintiff's  witnesses  amounted  to 
no  more  but  an  evidence  of  probability,  so  as  they 
might  all  swear  true,  and  yet  the  sow  in  question  might 
not  be  the  Plaintiff's.  But  the  Defendant's  witnesses 
gave  a  certain  evidence,  upon  their  certain  knowledge, 
and  that  upon  certain  grounds,  (and  these  as  many  and 
more,  and  of  as  good  credit  as  the  others,)  so,  as,  if  this 
testimony  were  true,  it  was  not  possible  the  sow  should 
be  the  Plaintiff's.  Besides,  whereas  the  Plaintiff's  wife 
was  admitted  to  take  her  oath  for  the  marks  of  her  sow, 
the  Defendant  and  his  wife  (being  a  very  godly,  sober 
woman)  was  denied  the  like,  although  propounded  in 
the  Court  by  Mr.  Cotton,  upon  that  rule  in  the  law 
[blank]  he  shall  swear  he  hath  not  put  his  hands  to  his 
neighbour's  goods.  Yet  they  both  in  the  open  Court 
solemnly,  as  in  the  presence  of  God,  declared  their 
innocency,  &c.  Further,  if  the  case  had  been  doubtful, 
yet  the  Defendant's  lawful  possession  ought  to  have 
been  preferred  to  the  Plaintiff's  doubtful  title,  for  in 
equali  jure  melior  est  conditio  possidentis.  But  the 
Defendant  being  of  ill  report  in  the  country  for  a  hard 
dealer  in  his  course  of  trading,  and  having  been  for- 
merly censured  in  the  Court  and  in  the  church  also, 
by  admonition  for  such  offences,  carried  many  weak 


>v 


minds  strongly  against  him.  And  the  truth  is,  he  was 
very  worthy  of  blame  in  that  kind,  as  divers  others  in 
the  country  were  also  in  those  times,  though  they  were 
not  detected  as  he  was ;  yet  to  give  every  man  his  due, 
he  was  very  useful  to  the  country,  both  by  his  hos- 
pitality and  otherwise.  But  one  dead  fly  spoils  much 
good  ointment. 

"  There  was  great  expectation  in  the  country,  by 
occasion  of  Story's  clamours  against  him,  that  the  cause 
would  have  passed  against  the  Captain,  but  falling  out 
otherwise,  gave  occasion  to  many  to  speak  unreverently 
of  the  court,  especially  of  the  magistrates,  and  the  report 
went,  that  their  negative  voice  had  hindered  the  course 
of  justice,  and  that  these  magistrates  must  be  put  out, 
that  the  power  of  the  negative  voice  might  be  taken 
away.  Thereupon  it  was  thought  fit  by  the  Governor 
and  other  of  the  magistrates  to  publish  a  declaration  of 
the  true  state  of  the  cause,  that  truth  might  not  be  con- 
demned unknown.  This  was  framed  before  the  court 
brake  up :  for  prevention  whereof,  the  Governor  ten- 
dered a  declaration  in  nature  of  a  pacification,  whereby 
it  might  have  appeared,  that,  howsoever  the  members 
of  the  court  dissented  in  judgment,  yet  they  were  the 
same  in  affection,  and  had  a  charitable  opinion  of  each 
other  ;  but  this  was  opposed  by  some  of  the  Plaintiff's 
part,  so  it  was  laid  by.  And  because  there  was  much 
labouring  in  the  country  upon  a  false  supposition,  that 
the  magistrate's  negative  voice  stopped  the  Plaintiff  in 
the  case  of  the  sow,  one  of  the  magistrates  published  a 
declaration  of  the  necessity  of  repealing  the  same." 

Savage,  in  a  valuable  note  on  the  foregoing,  adds  the 
following :  "  Frequent  animadversions  are  found  in  our 
records  on  cases  of  real  or  supposed  overcharge  for 
labour  an4  commodities.  A  ludicrous  one,  mentioned 
by  Hubbard,  248,  is  more  satisfactorily  stated  in  our 
records  of  the  Colony,  I.  250.  at  a  General  Court,  22d 


23 

of  3d  mo.  1639:  'Edward  Palmer,  for  his  extortion, 
taking  £1137  for  the  plank  and  wood  work  of  Boston 
stocks,  is  fined  £5,  and  censured,  to  be  set  an  hour  in 
the  stocks.'  Afterwards  the  fine  was  remitted  to  ten  shil- 
lings. The  remainder  of  the  sentence,  I  fear,  was 
executed.  Our  Ipswich  chronicler  is  almost  facetious 
about  this  part :  he  '  had  the  honor  to  sit  an  hour  in 
them  himself,  to  warn  others  not  to  offend  in  like 
kind.' " 

"  The  unhappy  subject  of  this  controversy  was  ex- 
posed to  very  general  blame,  and  several  particular 
complaints.  I  have  seen  an  original  affidavit  of  Thomas 
Wiltshim,  that  for  work  done  at  Capt.  Keayne's  house, 
there  was  due  to  the  deponent  38  shillings,  and  that 
Keayne  sold  him  a  piece  of  broadcloth,  *  which  he  said 
was  Spanish  broadcloth,  and  delivered  for  payment  to 
this  deponent  at  seventeen  shillings  per  yard,  the  which 
cloth  this  deponent  showed  to  Henry  Shrimpton,  and 
he  said  it  was  not  worth  above  ten  shillings  per  yard, 
for  it  was  but  cloth  rash,  and  so  said  goodman  Read, 
and  his  wife  showed  a  waistcoat  of  the  same  kind  of 
cloth,  which  cost  but  nine  shillings  per  yard,  and  in  this 
deponent's  judgment  was  better  cloth.  Such  was  the 
dangerous  form  and  matter  of  judicial  investigations  in 
the  early  days.' ' 

This  controversy  about  the  old  sow  was  not  ended 
here.  At  May  session  of  the  new  General  Court,  1 643, 
Story  again  petitioned  for  a  rehearing  of  the  cause,  and 
there  being  much  excitement  in  the  country  at  the  for- 
mer court's  decision,  and  in  regard  of  "the  negative 
voice  "  which  had  grown  out  of  it,  leading  to  much  de- 
bate and  discussion  in  writing,  the  elders  were  called  in, 
as  they  usually  were  consulted  in  every  important  affair, 
and,  though  siding  with  Keayne's  party,  not  being  able 
to  appease  the  minds  of  the  people,  with  all  their  great 
power  and  influence,  the  Court  seemed  inclined  to  hear 


24 

the  cause  again.  Winthrop  says  this  "  caused  others  to 
be  much  grieved  to  see  such  a  spirit  in  godly  men,  that 
neither  the  judgment  of  near  all  the  magistrates,  nor  the 
concurrence  of  the  elders  and  their  mediation,  nor  the 
loss  of  time  and  charge,  nor  the  settling  of  peace  in 
court  and  country  could  prevail  with  them,  to  let  such  a 
cause  fall,  (as  in  ordinary  course  of  justice  it  ought,)  as 
nothing  could  be  found  in  it,  by  any  one  testimony,  to 
be  of  criminal  nature,  nor  could  the  matter  of  the  suit, 
with  all  damages,  have  amounted  to  forty  shillings." 
The  magistrates  and  elders  appear  to  have  been  willing 
the  cause  should  go  either  way. 

"Now  that  which  made  the  people  so  unsatisfied, 
and  unwilling  the  cause  should  rest  as  it  stood,  was  the 
£20  which  the  Defendant  had  recovered  against  the 
Plaintiff,  in  an  action  of  slander,  for  saying  he  had  stolen 
the  sow,  &c.,  and  many  of  them  could  not  distinguish 
this  from  the  principal  cause,  as  if  she  had  been  ad- 
judged to  pay  £20  for  demanding  her  sow,  and  yet  the 
Defendant  never  took  of  this  more  than  £3,  for  his 
charges  of  witnesses  &c,  and  offered  to  remit  the  whole, 
if  she  would  have  acknowledged  the  wrong  she  had 
done  him.  But  he  being  accounted  a  rich  man,  and 
she  a  poor  woman,  this  so  wrought  with  the  people,  as 
being  blinded  with  unreasonable  compassion,  they  could 
not  see,  or  not  allow  justice  her  reasonable  course. 
This  being  found  out  by  some  of  the  court,  a  motion 
was  made,  that  some  who  had  interest  in  the  Defendant 
would  undertake  to  persuade  him  to  restore  the  Plaintiff 
the  £3,  (or  whatever  it  were,)  he  took  upon  that  judg- 
ment, and  likewise  to  refer  other  matters  to  reference 
which  were  between  the  said  Story  and  him.  This  the 
court  were  satisfied  with,  and  proceeded  no  further." 

This  sow  business  had  started  other  questions,  but  of 
their  tedious  details,  however  much  they  engrossed  the 
time  of  these  sapient  legislators,  it  is  needless  to  speak. 


25 

The  efforts  of  this  obscure  woman,  the  power  of  that 
unruly  member,  which  in  that  sex  so  often  kindles  a 
wide  conflagration  from  a  small  spark,  seem  almost  in- 
credible— Story  was,  probably,  an  unsuccessful  rival  in 
trade.  The  mediators  designated  by  the  Court,  who 
put  an  end  to  this  disgraceful  proceeding,  were,  proba- 
bly, Major-General  Gibbens  and  Major  William  Ting, 
Deputies  from  Boston,  members  of  the  same  church 
and  of  the  Artillery  Company.  Many  members  of  the 
Company  were  then  church  members.  Thus  this  first 
great  law-suit  in  Boston  began  and  ended.  There 
were  then  no  lawyers,  except  poor  Lechford ;  but  as  he, 
soon  after,  had  to  fly  back  to  England,  to  avoid  starva- 
tion, and  is  not  mentioned  in  the  whole  affair,  we  pre- 
sume he  had  no  hand  in  the  business.  After  two  years 
intermission,  Keayne  was  elected  a  Deputy  from  Bos- 
ton, with  Gibbens  and  Hawkins,  four  of  the  five  next 
years,  serving  as  Speaker  (one  day)  at  the  opening  of 
the  October  session,  1646. 

Capt.  Keayne  had  witnessed  the  rapid  increase  of  the 
Company,  predicted  its  beneficial  effects,  and  labored  to 
promote  its  welfare.  He  continued  through  life  to  en- 
courage his  associates ;  in  the  decline  of  life,  with  anxi- 
ety savr  its  decay ;  and  dying,  warned  his  companions  of 
the  obstacles  they  would  meet,  and  left  them  in  his  will 
not  only  valuable  legacies,  but  a  text-book,  which,  if  his 
successors  conform  to  it,  will  ensure  »the  prosperity  of 
an  institution  that  has  ever  been  a  favorite  of  the  pub- 
lic, and  an  ornament  to  the  State. 

August  1st,  1653,  he  began  to  write  his  will,  which, 
although  consisting  of  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  folio 
pages  of  fine  writing,  "is  all  in  his  own  hand."  After 
making  a  profession  of  his  faith,  he  regulates  his  funeral 
ceremonies,  when,  it  seems,  the  institution  of  which  he 
had  been  the  founder,  occupied  his  thoughts ;  for  he 
says : — 


26 

"  As  for  my  burial,  I  shall  not  desire  any  great  outward  solemni- 
ties to  be  used,  further  than  that  which  shall  be  decent  and  civil,  as 
becomes  Christians ;  knowing  that  extraordinary  solemnities  can 
nothing  add  to  the  gain  or  benefit  of  the  deceased ;  yet,  having  been 
trained  up  in  military  discipline  from  my  youngest  years,  and  having 
endeavored  to  promote  it  the  best  I  could,  and  since  that  God  hath 
brought  me  into  this  country,  and  seeing  he  hath  been  pleased  to 
raise  me  as  a  poor  instrument  to  lay  the  foundation  of  that  noble  so- 
ciety of  the  Artillery  Company  in  this  place,  that  had  so  far  pros- 
pered by  the  blessing  of  God,  as  to  help  many  with  good  experience 
in  the  use  of  their  arms,  and  more  exact  knowledge  in  the  military 
art,  and  have  become  a  nursery  to  raise  up  many  able  and  well  expe- 
rienced soldiers,  that  have  done  some  good  service  for  their  country  ; 
therefore,  to  declare  my  affections  to  that  exercise  and  to  the  society 
of  soldiers,  I  shall  desire  to  be  buried  as  a  soldier,  in  a  military  way, 
if  the  time  and  place  of  my  decease  and  other  occasions  may  suit ; 
thereunto  which  I  leave  to  the  discretion  of  my  executors  and 
friends." 

He  then  provides  for  his  debts,  makes  a  valuation  of 
his  estate,  and  divides  the  principal  part  between  his 
wife  and  son,  and  having  revoked  a  former  will,  goes 
on  to  make  several  donations  to  build  a  market-place, 
a  conduit,  a  town-house,  a  library,  and  an  armoury ; 
and  in  describing  particularly  how  they  should  be  built, 
among  other  things,  he  says  : — 

« 

"  A  room  for  the  elders  to  meet  in  and  confer  together,  when  they 
have  occasion  to  come  to  town  for  any  such  ends,  as  I  perceive  they 
have  many  there  in  the  same  building,  which  may  also  be  a  room  for 
an  armoury,  to  keep  the  arms  of  the  Artillery  Company,  and  for  the 
soldiers  to  meet  in  when  they  have  occasion." 

Capt.  Keayne  then  makes  a  donation  of  £300,  to 
build  an  exchange,  and  again  notices  the  Company 
thus : — 

"Apd  if  a  convenient  large  room  in  one  of  the  buildings  before 
mentioned,  be  separated  and  set  apart  for  an  armoury,  and  the  meet- 
ings of  the  Artillery,  if  there  it  be  thought  convenient,  or  if  some 
other  place  be  provided  for  that  use  more  convenient,  with  the  offi- 
cers of  that  Company's  advice,  I  am  not  strict  for  the  very  place,  so 


27 

they  have  content  in  it ;  though  yet  I  think  the  very  heart  and 
secured  part  of  the  town,  and  no  out  or  by-place,  is  the  most  fit  for 
a  magazine  for  arms,  because  of  the  danger  of  surprising  them. 
The  place  they  now  use  will  fit  to  scour  and  clean  the  arms  in,  and 
also  to  lay  them  up  and  keep  them  in,  which  will  be  a  comely  sight 
for  strangers  to  see,  and  a  great  ornament  to  the  room,  and  also  to 
the  town,  where  the  soldiers  may  arm  themselves  when  they  go  to 
exercise.  Such  a  place  being  provided,  I  give  and  bequeath  five 
pounds  for  the  encouragement  of  that  Company,  to  be  laid  out  in 
pikes  and  bandaliers*  for  use  of  such  soldiers  of  that  Company  that 
live  in  other  towns,  so  far  as  it  cannot  be  convenient  for  them  to 
bring  their  arms  with  them  ;  or,  if  the  officers  of  that  Company  do 
know  any  other  thing  that  the  Company  wants,  that  will  be  more 
useful  for  the  general  good  of  the  Company,  than  what  I  have  men- 
tioned, that  will  continue,  and  not  be  spent  or  consumed  in  the  use, 
then  I  am  willing  that  the  whole  or  any  part  of  this  legacy  may  be 
so  disposed  of,  taking  in  the  advice  and  consent  of  my  executors  in 
the  same." 

Page  132.  "  Item.  I  give  and  bequeath  further  to  the  Artillery 
Company  of  Boston,  five  pounds  more  towards  the  erecting  of  a 
platform,  planked  underneath,  for  two  mounted  pieces  of  ordnance 
to  stand  upon,  a  greater  and  a  smaller,  with  a  shed  of  boards  raised 
over  it,  to  keep  them  dry,  and  preserve  them  from  the  sun  and 
weather,  and  this  to  be  raised  in  the  most  convenient  place  in  the 
training  place  in  Boston,  where  it  shall  be  most  fit  for  that  use ;  and 
where,  at  convenient  distance,  against  some  hill  or  rising  ground, 
there  may  be  a  good  butt,  or  kind  of  bulwark  raised  of  earth,  that 
may  receive  the  shot  of  great  guns,  and  may  be  free  from  endanger- 
ing any  that  may  unexpectedly  pass  by  or  behind  the  butt,  in  case 
they  should  overshoot ;  which  butt  may  be  cast  up  or  digged  at  the 
bottom  of  a  hill,  without  any  charge,  by  the  Company  themselves,  in 
two  or  three  of  their  training  days;  and  my  end  in  this  is,  that  the 
Company  may  be  trained  up,  or  so  many  of  them  as  desire  it, 
in  the  use,  exercise  and  experience  of  the  great  ordnance,  as  they 
are  in  their  muskets ; — that  they  may  learn  how  to  exercise,  load, 
mount,  level,  and  fire  at  a  mark,  &c.,  which  is  as  needful  a  skill  for 
a  soldier,  as  the  exercise  of  their  ordinary  arms.  I  suppose  the 
country  will  willingly  lend  the  Company  two  such  pieces  for  so  good 

*  "  Bandalicrs,  (bandolleers — from  bandouliers,  French,)  are  wooden  cases, 
covered  with  leather,  each  of  them  containing  a  charge  of  powder  for  a  musket,  of 
which  every  musketeer  usually  wore  twelve,  hanging  on,  a  shoulder-belt  or 
collar." 


28 

a  use  as  this  is,  if  the  town  itself  have  none  such  to  spare,  and  will 
give  them  a  barrel  of  powder  or  two  to  encourage  them  to  begin  a 
service  that  will  be  so  singularly  useful  to  their  country.  Their  bul- 
lets will  be,  most  of  them,  found  and  saved  again,  if  the  hill  or  butt 
against  which  they  shoot  be  not  so  low  and  narrow  that  they  over- 
mount  and  shoot  aside  at  random.  Now,  as  many  of  that  Company 
are  officers,  which  desire  to  learn  that  art  of  gunnery,  so  needful  for 
every  Captain  and  officer  of  a  Company  to  be  experienced  in,  they 
may  enter  their  names  to  be  scholars  of  the  Great  Artillery,  and  to 
agree  that  every  one  that  enters  his  name  may  give  so  much  for  entry, 
and  so  much  a  year  afterwards,  as  you  do  at  the  Artillery,  which 
money  will  serve  to  lay  in  provision  of  powder,  shot,  spunges,  budge- 
barrels,*  common  baskets,  and  some  allowance  to  the  master  gun- 
ner, that  shall  take  pains  to  instruct  them,  if  there  cannot  be  some 
skilful  and  sufficient  man  found,  that  will  think  the  honor  of  the 
place  to  instruct  such  a  society  in  so  noble  a  service  recompense 
sufficient,  that  they  have  an  opportunity  not  only  to  exercise  their 
own  skill,  but  to  do  good  to  their  country  and  to  willing  scholars, 
that  so  thirst  after  experience,  as  the  Captain  and  rest  of  the  officers 
of  the  Small  Artillery  do  freely  expend  their  time  to  instruct  others 
in  the  best  skill  themselves  have  attained,  and  look  at  it  as  reward 
enough,  that  their  pains  is  accepted  and  the  Company  edified  by  it. 
Besides,  there  being  many  shipwrights  and  gunners  that  resort  to 
this  country,  who  have  good  skill  in  this  art,  and  the  Company  I 
doubt  not  upon  their  request  might  have  their  help,  services  and 
direction  herein,  and  he  that  is  chosen  to  this  place  may  have  the 
title  of  the  Captain  of  the  Great  Artillery,  or  Master  Gunner,  and 
there  may  be  a  time  appointed,  once  in  a  week  or  fortnight,  for  the 
scholars  to  meet  and  spend  two  or  three  hours,  either  forenoon  or 
afternoon,  for  their  instruction  in  it.  Now,  all  that  meet  cannot 
expect  to  make  every  one  a  shot,  for  that  would  prove  too  great  a 
charge  and  expense  of  powder,  but  every  one  must  take  their  turn, 
and  two  or  three  at  a  meeting  to  make  one  shot  apiece,  or  but  one 
man  two  shots  at  one  time,  and  the  rest  may  obtain  as  much  by  the 
manner  of  their  performing  it,  as  if  they  had  done  it  themselves. 

"  And  for  further  encouragement  to  help  on  this  exercise,  besides 
the  five  pounds  given  before  towards  the  platform,  and  the  other  fiv  e 

*  "  Budge-barrel,  (from  bouge,  French — a  bag  and  barrel,)  a  tin  barrel,  to  hold 
gunpowder,  containing  about  oue  hundred  and  thirty  pounds,  having  a  case  of 
leather  made  fast  over  the  head,  to  prevent  the  powder  from  taking  fire  ;  used  on 
board  ships." 


29 

pounds  for  pikes,  &c.,  I  give  and  bequeath  two  heifers  or  coics*  to 
the  Captain  and  officers  of  the  First  Artillery  Company,  to  be  kept 
as  a  stock  constantly,  and  the  increase  or  profit  of  these  cows  yearly 
to  be  laid  out  in  powder,  bullets,  &LC.  for  the  use  of  the  exercise  of 
the  Great  Artillery;  only  the  stock  at  no  time,  or  the  value  of  it,  not 
to  be  diminished,  and  then  to  be  delivered  to  the  Captain  that  shall 
then  have  the  command  of  that  Company,  or  whom  himself  and  offi- 
cers shall  appoint,  when  the  platform  and  butt  is  finished,  and  two 
pieces  mounted  thereon,  with  all  materials  thereto  belonging,  fit  to 
exercise  with,  when  a  Master  or  Captain  of  the  great  ordnance  is 
chosen,  a  convenient  company  of  soldiers  entered  for  scholars,  as 
between  ten  and  twenty,  and  all  things  settled  in  a  good  posture  for 
the  beginning  and  continuance  of  that  exercise.  But  if  the  Artillery 
Company  shall  neglect  to  accomplish  this  before  expressed,  above 
two  years  after  my  decease,  then  these  three  legacies,  viz,  first,  the 
five  pounds,  and  the  two  cows,  to  be  void,  and  to  be  to  the  use  of  my 
executors ;  but  if  the  things  before  mentioned  be  accomplished,  and 
this  new  Company  do  go  on,  as  I  desire  it  may,  then  my  will  is,  that 
the  Captain,  with  the  consent  of  the  Company,  may  appoint  some 
able  man,  either  of  the  Company  or  otherways,  that  shall  give  bond 
to  my  executors  or  administrators  for  these  two  cows,  or  the  value  of 
them  at  the  time  of  delivery,  that  the  stock  shall  be  preserved,  and 
the  increase  or  benefit  of  them  only  to  be  disposed  of  for  the  use  of 
this  new  Company.  And  if  this  Company  should  break  off  and  not 
continue  their  exercise,  then  the  two  cows  to  be  returned  to  my  ex- 
ecutors, or  some  of  my  administrators,  for  his  use,  or  the  just 
value  that  they  are  worth  at  the  time  of  their  first  delivery.  Now, 
any  man  that  shall  have  the  cows  to  keep  will  be  willing  to  give  such 
bond,  if  the  Company  order  it  so.  In  case  that  exercise  should  fall 
to  the  ground,  for  the  two  first  five  pounds  I  desire  no  bond,  nor  any 
return  of  it,  though  the  Company  should  not  continue  any  longer. 

"  I  would  make  it  my  dying  request  to  our  First  Artillery  Com- 
pany ,t  if  there  should  be  such  a  Company  in  being  when  it  shall 
please  God  to  take  me  out  of  this  miserable  world, — many  knows 

*  Winlhrop  states,  in  his  Journal,  a  cow  to  be  worth  from  £25  to  £30,  in  the 
year  1636;  most  probably  they  had  fallen  in  value  more  than  one  half. 

tThe  appellation  of  Great  Artillery,  or  the  First  Artillery  Company,  wa» 
probably  used  by  Capt.  Keayne  by  way  of  distinction,  and  refer  to  grants,  or  the 
contemplation  of  them,  which  were  made  by  the  General  Court,  several  years 
after  the  charter  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable,  with  somewhat  similar  privileges, 
to  Essex,  Middlesex,  &c.  ;  but  there  is  no  account  of  any  Company  being  regularly; 
organized  under  them. 


30 

what  my  earnest  endeavors  and  desires  hath  been  to  promote  and 
encourage  what  I  could,  for  out  of  this  small  Company  the  Lord  hath 
raised  up  many  a  well  experienced  soldier,  that  hath  done  good  ser- 
vice, and  have  been  of  good  esteem,  both  here  and  in  our  native 
country,  and  therefore  my  grief  is  the  more  to  fear  their  sometime 
flourishing  and  highly  prized  Company,  that  when  the  country 
grows  more  populous,  this  Company  should  grow  more  thin,  and 
ready  to  dissolve  for  want  of  appearance ;  but  some  are  wary,  and 
think  they  have  got  experience  enough,  so  they  begin  to  neglect ; — 
but  my  request  is,  that  the  entries,  quarterages,  and  fines  for  late  and 
non-appearance,  which  last  hath  been  too  long  neglected,  and  will 
not  be  well  with  the  Company  till  it  be  taken  up  again,  especially 
seeing  the  greatest  part  of  the  Company  consist  now  of  men  in  our 
own  town,  and  we  never  had  better  nor  more  constant  appearance 
than  when  fines  were  duly  taken ;  may  be  preserved  and  kept  in  stock 
to  lay  out  in  powder,  arms,  bandaliers,  for  the  use  of  the  Company, 
and  in  canvas  to  make  resemblances  of  trenches,  half  moons,  re- 
doubts, forts,  &c.,  common  baskets,  and  such  like  necessary  imple- 
ments for  some  special  military  service  that  might  be  performed  once 
or  twice  a  year,  which  would  be  a  singular  help  to  the  ordinary  ex- 
ercise, and  would  add  much,  not  only  to  the  encouragement,  but  to 
the  experience  both  of  officers  and  soldiers,  in  some  military  exer- 
cises, which  without  such  helps  cannot  be  taught  nor  performed. 
And  these  means  would  be  far  better  employed,  and  to  greater  satis- 
faction and  content  of  the  Company,  in  such  things,  than  to  be  wast- 
ed and  spent  in  eating  and  drinking,  and  needless  invitations,  as  it 
hath  been  for  a  long  time,  both  to  my  own,  and  to  the  grief  and  of- 
fence of  several  of  the  Company,  which  hath  occasioned  some  to  leave 
the  Company,  and  others  to  be  unwilling  to  pay  their  quarterages. 
Seeing  the  whole  stock  is  still  consumed,  and  the  Company  rather 
idle  than  othervvays,  which  hath  been  a  chief  thing  to  hinder  many 
other  profitable  exercises,  for  want  of  means  to  bear  the  charge  of 
them,  and  will  in  time  be  the  overthrow  and  dissolution  of  the  Com- 
pany, if  it  be  not  prevented,  which  hath  made  the  Artillery  Company 
in  London  so  to  flourish  for  so  long  a  time  together;  but  the  stock 
of  the  Company  well  managed,  whereby  they  have  done  great  things, 
end  have  been  able  to  perform  many  exercises  (though  changeable) 
both  for  the  delight  of  all  the  beholders,  and  the  great  benefit  and 
experience  of  the  soldiery,  and  to  the  increase  of  their  number. 
And  indeed  I  had  in  my  purpose  several  other  legacies  to  have  be- 
stowed on  this  Company  for  their  encouragement,  and  example  of 
others,  and  have  them  in  readiness  and  of  some  consequence,  but 
the  small  appearance  of  the  Company  and  the  declining  of  it  daily, 


31 

which  cannot  be  but  a  great  discouragement  to  the  Captain  and 
officers  that  command  them,  as  also  to  the  soldiers  that  do  appear, 
and  causes  a  kind  of  complaint  instead  of  esteem  in  them  that  be- 
hold them, — make  me  fear  the  final  dissolution  of  it,  and  so  all  gifts 
will  sink  with  it  and  come  to  nothing,  hath  been  the  cause  of  alter- 
ing my  resolution;  though  I  know  a  skilful  commander,  though  he 
have  a  body  of  men  but  four  files,  six  deep,  which  is  but  twenty-four 
soldiers,  that  I  would  add  further,  if  he  had  but  half  so  many,  but 
two  files,  six  or  eight  deep,  with  them  he  may  perform  such  variety 
of  exercises,  not  only  for  the  postures,  but  the  several  motions, 
doublings,  facings,  common  marches,  wheelings, — yea,  such  variety 
of  forms  of  battles,  and  several  kinds  of  firings  and  charges,  as 
should  not  only  be  delightful,  but  very  useful  and  gainful  to  those 
that  are  exercised ;  and  not  only  for  two  or  three  training  days,  but 
have  matter  enough  to  exercise  them  for  several  years,  which  I 
should  hardly  have  believed,  did  I  not  know  it  to  be  true,  and  have 
seen  it  with  my  own  eyes.  Yet,  notwithstanding,  what  comfort  or 
credit  can  a  Captain  have  to  go  into  the  field  with  six  or  twelve  sol- 
diers, and  under  the  name  of  an  Artillery  or  Military  Company.  It 
would  be  my  rejoicing  if  there  could  be  any  means  thought  on  or 
used  to  increase  and  encourage  this  Company,  that  is  and  may  be  so 
honorable  and  advantageous  to  the  whole  country.  That  it  may  re- 
main and  continue  still  in  splendor  and  esteem,  increasing  and  not 
declining  ;  but  all  things  have  their  changes." 

Capt.  Keayne  gives,  also,  other  legacies,  such  as  to 
the  town  of  Boston,  to  Harvard  College,  £250  to  the 
poor  members  of  the  church  where  he  worshipped,  and 
a  legacy  for  the  establishment  of  a  free  school,  as  he 
says,  "  to  help  training  up  of  some  poor  men's  children 
of  Boston,  that  are  most  forwardly  and  hopeful  in  the 
knowledge  of  God  and  of  learning,  not  only  in  the 
Latin  tongue,  but  also  to  write  and  cypher."  He  has 
never  yet  had  a  street,  lane  or  alley,  even  in  the  by 
parts  of  the  town,  named  for  him,  notwithstanding  his 
very  large  and  liberal  donations  ;  but  there  is  mention 
on  their  records,  about  two  years  after,  of  the  "  select- 
men being  authorized,  by  vote  of  the  town,  to  claim 
and  receive  the  legacy  of  Capt.  R.  Keayne,  deceased,  for 
the  benefit  of  the  town."  Nor  did  Harvard  College  re- 


32 

member,  till  recently,  his  legacy,*  among  the  long  list  of 
benefactors.  He  gave,  it  seems,  to  the  poor  of  that  church 
which  had  persecuted  him,  and  no  doubt  Mrs.  Sherman 
and  her  posterity  reaped  the  benefit,  with  others,  of  his 
liberality.  This  institution  and  Harvard  College  have 
survived  two  centuries,  and  are  the  two  oldest  incorpo- 
rations, to  say  nothing  more,  in  America.  The  poor  we 
have  always  with  us,  according  to  divine  appointment, 
but  Keayne  was  for  looking  to  the  wants  of  future  gen- 
erations. He  did  not,  in  his  will,  forget  his  friend  Gib- 
bens  and  others,  and  gave  his  reasons  for  giving  to  the 
poor.  He  has  left  a  most  convincing  answer  to  the 
cavils  of  his  persecutors,  in  his  generous  patronage  of 
what  was  to  be  of  use  when  his  name  and  place  of 
burial  should  be  forgotten.  He  was  said  to  be  a  cov- 
etous man, — but  subsequent  generations  deserve  re- 
proach, for  not  even  a  simple  stone  marks  the  silent 
place  of  his  interment.  His  liberality  in  his  will,  for  a 
free  school,  was  not  his  only  gift  therefor.  At  the  end 
of  the  first  volume  of  Boston  Records,  in  the  margin, 
12th  of  the  6th  month,  (August)  1636,  his  name  is 
the  seventh  (after  the  Governor,  Deputy  Governor, 
three  assistants,  and  the  husband  of  the  famous  Mrs. 
Hutchinson,)  in  a  subscription  of  £50  toward  that  ob- 
ject. There  were  forty-five  subscribers,  nineteen  of 
whom  are  on  the  roll  of  the  Company. 

The  donation  for  a  free  school  was  probably  the 
foundation,  or  one  of  the  first  instances  of  encourage- 
ment, of  the  present  Latin  Grammar  School  in  Boston, 
which  has  long  been,  notwithstanding  several  severe 
attacks,  one  of  the  greatest  ornaments  of  the  city  ;  and 
while  it  continues  to  be  fostered  and  cherished  by  the 
wise  and  good,  will  afford  the  brightest  hopes  and  pros- 
pects of  diffusing  knowledge  and  literature.  Ought  not 

*  President  Quincy's  History  of  Harvard. 


33 

the  present  generation  to  venerate  such  forefathers,  who 
seem  to  have  lived  only  to  be  useful  to  posterity  ? 

He  did  not  finish  writing  this  will  until  the  28th 
of  December,  1653.  He  died  at  Boston,  March  23d, 
1655-6.  His  inventory  amounted  to  £2427  12  1 — 
his  debts  and  funeral  expenses  to  £274.  The  will  was 
approved  May  2d,  1656,  but  his  estate  was  not  finally 
settled  until  January  29th,  1683,  when,  both  his  execu- 
tors being  dead,  administration  was  granted  to  Colonel 
Nicholas  Paige,  and  Anna  his  wife,  grand-daugh- 
ter of  the  deceased.  From  this  circumstance,  and 
the  fact  that  the  General  Court,  in  1659-60,  granted 
500  acres  of  land  to  Ann  Cole,  grand-daughter  of  R. 
Keayne,  deceased,  "  in  consequence  of  his  liberal  do- 
nations to  the  country,"  I  infer  he  had  a  daughter  who 
deceased  before  him,  and  that  she  was  the  wife  of  Sam- 
uel Cole,  Ar.  Co.,  one  of  the  charter  members.  She  is 
in  other  places  called  "  a  rich  heiress,"  and  "  sole  heir." 

We  must  now  quit  this  eminent  patron  of  the  institu- 
tion. Never  will  it  happen,  so  long  as  the  institution 
exists,  that  his  memory  or  worth  will  be  forgotten.  Had 
the  Company  strictly  adhered  to  his  dying  counsel, 
practised  the  economy  he  recommended,  and  exhibited 
his  punctuality,  they  would  have  been  more  flourishing. 
The  legacy  of  the  two  cows,  estimated  at  £20,  by 
adding  interest,  would  now  amount  to  a  large  sum. 
About  the  time  Keayne  wrote  his  will,  the  Com- 
pany began  to  decline ;  for  we  find,  for  the  first  ten 
years,  278  members  are  enrolled,  and  only  47  during 
the  next  ten  years ;  nor  did  it  materially  revive  or 
increase  until  1670,  as  only  73  members  were  ad- 
mitted from  1658  to  1669,  inclusive;  but  from  that 
period  to  the  arrival  of  Andross,  1686,  it  appears  to 
have  flourished  and  increased.  As  King  Charles  I.  was 
beheaded  January  30th,  1649,  and  Cromwell's  party  in 
power,  many  of  the  first  planters  returned  to  their  native 


34 

land,  and  but  few,  comparatively,  emigrated  hither. 
Several  of  the  Company,  as  will  appear  in  the  sequel, 
became  officers  in  Cromwell's  army.  The  scarcity  of 
money,  and  consequent  depression  of  trade  and  increase 
of  poverty,  while  it  hindered  many  from  embarking  in 
the  settlement  of  the  infant  colony,  drove,  also,  many 
hence,  which  will  more  naturally  account  for  the  Com- 
pany's declension. 

MAJOR-GENERAL  ROBERT  SEDGWICK,  the  second  on 
the  roll,  and  third  named  in  the  charter,  was  a  gentle- 
man of  education  and  distinction.  He  had  been  a 
member  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  London,  and  one 
of  the  first  who  came  to  settle  in  the  colony.  He  was 
admitted  freeman,  March  9th,  1636-7.  Charlestown, 
in  the  County  of  Middlesex,  was  the  place  he  selected 
for  his  residence,  and  his  exertions  to  promote  the  in- 
terest and  welfare  of  that  town,  as  well  as  the  colony  at 
large,  rendered  him  one  of  the  most  conspicuous  per- 
sons of  the  time.  It  appearing  he  was  concerned  in 
trade  in  those  days,  leads  us  to  suppose  he  was  a  mer- 
chant by  profession.  He  was  many  years  Deputy  from 
Charlestown  in  the  General  Court,  and  a  member  when 
the  charter  was  granted.  He  devoted  his  talents  and 
property  to  secure  the  safety  of  the  town,  and  super- 
intended the  building  of  the  first  fortifications  therey 
paying  a  considerable  portion  of  the  expense  out  of  his 
own  private  property.  He  was  the  leader  of  the  first 
train-band  formed  in  the  town — 1636 — and  thence,  on 
the  first  regular  organization  of  the  militia  of  the  col- 
ony, in  1644,  appointed  the  first  Sergeant  Major  of  the 
Middlesex  Regiment,  and  afterwards  promoted  to  the 
highest  military  rank  in  the  colony,  being  elected  Ser- 
geant Major-General — 1652 — which  office  he  held  one 
year.  Johnson  says,  "  he  was  brought  up  in  London's 
Artillery  Garden,  and  furthered  with  sixteen  years'  ex- 


35 

perience  in  New  England,  beside  the  help  of  a  very 
good  head-piece,  being  a  frequent  instructer  of  our  Ar- 
tillerymen," &c. ;  and  again — "  the  cost  he  hath  been 
at  in  helping  on  the  discipline  of  his  regiment  hath 
profited  much." 

Sedgwick  was  a  man  of  enterprising  spirit,  since  we 
find  his  name  associated  with  John  "Winthrop,  junior, 
in  the  direction  and  establishment  of  the  first  furnace 
and  iron  works  in  this  country,  in  1643-4.*  The  vio- 
lent capture  of  a  King's  ship,  by  Capt.  Stagg,  under 
commission  from  Parliament,  in  Boston  harbor,  caused 
the  General  Court,  in  1645,  among  other  things,  "  to 
secure  all  ships  which  should  come  as  friends  into  our 
harbor,  commission  was  given  to  Major  Gibbens  for 
Boston,  and  Major  Sedgwick  for  Charlestown,  to  keep 
the  peace  in  the  said  towns,  and  not  to  permit  any  ships 
to  fight  in  the  harbor,  without  license  from  authority,"  ^ 

Whether  those  who  intended  to  return  to  England, 
and  gain  employment  in  Cromwell's  service,  or  the  Par- 
liament's service,  "were  desirous  of  recommending 
themselves  by  carrying  evidence  of  a  relaxation  of  the 
rigor  of  our  laws,  or  at  least  of  their  own  exertions  to 
obtain  it,"  or  that  it  may  be  attributed  rather  to  the  na- 
tive liberality  of  sentiment  of  more  noble  minds,  a  peti- 
tion, signed  by  Emanuel  Downing,  Nehemiah  Bourne, 
Robert  Sedgwick,  Thomas  Fowle,  and  others,  was  pre- 
sented to  the  General  Court, J  "  for  the  abrogation,  or 
alteration,  of  the  laws  against  the  Anabaptists,  and  the 
law  that  requires  special  allowance^  for  newcomers  re- 
siding here  ;"  but  it  was  abruptly  "  ordered  that  the 
laws  in  their  petition  mentioned  shall  not  be  altered  or 
explained  at  all."  We  may  hence  conclude  that  Sedg- 

*  Lewis'  Hist.  Lynn,  p.  85;  Winth.  Journal,  II.  p.  213,  and  Savage's  note. 

t  Winth.  II.  p.  247. 

$  Col.  Rec.  vol.  III.  p.  50;  Winth.  II.  p.  265,  and  note. 

II  A  person  would  hardly  suppose  this  meant  a  tax. 


36 

wick  was  not  so  much  of  a  bigot  as  many  of  the  first 
emigrants.  He  was,  however,  admonished  for  the  like 
"jsailty"  for  which  his  friend  Capt.  Keayne  suffered  so 
much  persecution  in  church  and  state,  viz,  "  taking 
the  money-worth  for  his  goods,"  or,  as  thus  styled, 
"  taking  more  than  sixpence  in  the  shilling  profit ;"  but 
as  he  was  one  of  those  whom  Winthrop  classes  probably 
among  those  "  not  found  out,"  he  was  let  off  by  an  ad- 
monition only.  To  be  suspected  of  an  offence  was 
tantamount  to  a  conviction  in  a  legal  way,  in  those 
days,  and  may  have  given  rise  to  the  mode  of  bringing 
actions  in  Massachusetts,  afterwards,  "  upon  suspicion 
of  debt."* 

Gen.  Sedgwick  went  to  England,  where,  it  is  said, 
some  of  his  descendants  reside,  and  was  employed  by 
Cromwell  in  1654.  In  that  year,  he,  with  Leverett, 
succeeded  with  little  difficulty,  in  expelling  the  French 
from  Penobscot.  "  He  was  engaged  in  the  great  expe- 
dition against  the  Spanish  West  Indies,  when  Jamaica 
was  taken.  There  he  died,  May  24th,  1656,  having, 
as  appears  from  Thurloe's  State  Papers,  V.  138,  154, 
just  been  advanced  to  the  rank  of  Major  General  by 
the  Protector."! 

He  was  held  in  great  repute  by  his  cotemporaries,t 
and  was  thrice  elected  to  command  the  Company,  viz, 
1640,  1645,  and  1648.  His  son  William  was  admitted 
a  member,  1666,  and  his  son  Robert  in  1674.  Hon. 
Theodore  Sedgwick,  son  of  Benjamin,  a  distinguished 
lawyer,  and  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Judicial  Court  of 
Massachusetts,  (born  at  Hartford,  Conn.,  in  May  1746, 

*  I  have  seen,  in  the  record  of  prisoners  committed  to  jail  in  Boston,  even  since 
the  Revolution,  entries  to  that  effect. 

t  Not  having  this  book,  nor  having  been  able  to  see  it,  or  Lord  II.  Lempriere, 
612,  or  Edwards'  Hist,  of  West  Indies — works  quoted  by  Farmer — my  information 
respecting  him  after  he  left  Boston  is  very  limited. 

$  Gen.  Sedgwick  was  an  early  donor  to  Harvard  College,  giving  them  two 
small  shops  in  Boston — see  Book  of  Donations. 


37 

and  died  at  Boston,  Jan.  24th  1813,)  was  one  of  his 
descendants. 

CAPTAIN  JOSEPH  WELD,  Roxbury.  This  name,  in 

the  oldest  roll,  appears  Capt. Weld,  but  in  the  list 

of  annual  officers  elected  is  Capt.  Joseph  Weld.  He 
was  the  first  person  elected  as  Ensign  of  the  Company, 
1638.  He  was  freeman,  1636,  and  died  October 
7th,  1646,  leaving  a  widow,  Barbary,  who  after 
married  Anthony  Stoddard,  of  Boston.  He  was  the 
first  Captain  of  the  Roxbury  Band,  and  died  while  sus- 
taining that  office.  He  was  Deputy  from  Roxbury  in 
1636,  and  five  years  after;  so  he  must  have  been  a 
Representative  when  the  charter  was  granted.  He 
lived  in  Roxbury,  was  by  profession  a  merchant,  and 
was  brother  of  the  famous  and  bigotted  Rev.  Thomas 
Weld,  the  first  minister  of  Roxbury. 

The  wife  of  La  Tour,  in  1644,  having  commenced 
an  action  against  Capt.  Bayley,  Captain  of  the  ship, 
who  brought  her  from  London  by  a  six  months'  voyage 
to  Boston,  and  recovered  £2000  damages;  and  the 
Captain  having  also  commenced  an  action  for  his 
freight,  in  which  he  was  unsuccessful,  and  Capt.  Weld, 
who  was  one  of  the  jury  who  tried  the  case,  being  in 
London,  Bayley  was  persuaded  or  advised  to  attach 
Capt.  Weld,  together  with  Stephen  Winthrop,  the  Gov- 
ernor's son,  and  Recorder  of  the  Court  who  tried  the 
case  ;  and  they  were  forced  to  find  sureties  in  a  bond 
of  £4000,  to  answer  him  in  the  Court  of  Admiralty. 
Bayley  was  eventually  obliged  to  give  over  this  suit ; 
and  then  he  procured  out  of  Chancery  a  ne  exeat  regnos 
(that  they  should  not  depart  the  realm)  against  them ; 
but  the  cause  being  heard,  they  were  discharged,  he 
losing  his  charges  and  they  theirs.  Weld,  Winthrop, 
and  Thomas  Fowle,  the  owner  of  the  ship,  all  petitioned 
the  General  Court  for  indemnity,  but  in  vain.  Win- 


38 

throp  gives  a  more  particular  account,  II.  247-8,  anno 
1643.  The  inventory  of  his  estate  amounted,  as  return- 
ed by  his  widow,  to  £2028  11  3 — no  inconsiderable 
sum  in  those  days.  The  famous  Mrs.  Hutchinson,  on 
her  banishment,  was  committed  to  him,  then  a  Deputy, 
at  his  house  in  Roxbury. 

MAJOR  THOMAS  SAVAGE,  of  Boston,  tailor,  came  to 
New  England  as  early  as  1635  ;  admitted  freeman  May 
25,  1636 — being  then  twenty-nine  years  old.  His  name 
is  the  fourth  on  the  roll,  and  probably  was  the  youngest 
man  of  the  first  associates,  and  survived  them  all,  con- 
tinuing an  active  member  forty-five  years,  and  until  his 
death.  He  was  the  first  Orderly  Sergeant  of  the  Com- 
pany, and  elected  Lieutenant  twice,  1641  and  1645 — 
and  five  times  elected  and  served  as  their  Commander, 
namely,  in  1651,  1659,  1668,  1675,  and  1680;  having 
sustained  the  highest  offices  in  the  gift  of  the  Company 
the  largest  number  of  years,  and  filled  the  office  of 
Captain,  the  last  time,  after  he  was  73  years  of  age. 
He  represented  Boston,  as  Deputy,  in  1654,  and  eight 
succeeding  years,  except  1658;  also,  was  Deputy  for 
Hingham  in  1663,  and  Andover  in  1671,  '77  and  '78. 
He  was  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Deputies  in  1659  and 
1671.  He  was  elected  an  Assistant,  1680  and  1681, 
and  died  February  14th,  1681-2,  aged  75,  while  in  that 
office.* 

By  his  first  wife,  Faith,  (who  died  Feb.  20th,  1652,) 
daughter  of  William  and  the  celebrated  Mrs.  Ann 
Hutchinson,  he  had  seven  children — 1st,  Habijah,  Ar. 
Co.  1665;  2d,  Thomas,  Ar.  Co.  1665;  3d,  Hannah; 
4th,  Ephraim,  Ar.  Co.  1674;  5th,  Mary;  6th,  Dyoni- 
sia ;  7th,  Perez.  By  his  second  wife,  Mary,  daughter 
of  Rev.  Zachary  Symmes,  of  Charlestown,  (whom  he 

*  Major  Savage's  grave-stone,  in  the  Chapel  ground,  says — "Died  February 
15th,  1681-2." 


39 

married  Sept.  15th,  1652,)  he  had,  8th,  Sarah;  9th, 
Richard ;  10th,  Samuel ;  1 1th,  Samuel  2d ;  12th,  Zach- 
ariah;  13th,  Ebenezer,  Ar.  Co.  1682;  Uth,  John; 
15th,  Benjamin,  Ar.  Co.  1682;  16th,  Arthur;  17th, 
Elizabeth;  18th,  Elizabeth  2d — eighteen  in  all.  Maj. 
Savage's  will  is  dated  June  28th,  1675,  and  was  ap- 
proved Feb.  23d,  1681-2;  and  therein  John  Hull  and 
Isaac  Addington  are  made  overseers,  and  his  sons, 
Thomas,  Ephraim  and  Ebenezer,  executors.  His  in- 
ventory, April  20th,  1682,  amounted  to^£3447  8  7— 
debts,  to  £644  8  6  ;  and  it  appears  he  was  a  very 
large  landholder.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  and 
members  of  the  Old  South  Church,  1669. 

"  These  legal  records,"  says  Snow,*  "  furnish  the 
best  of  testimony  concerning  the  extent  of  individual 
wealth,  and  the  manners  of  the  times.  Such  things  ex- 
isted in  other  places  as  much,  perhaps,  as  in  Boston, 
but  a  knowledge  of  them  is  not  on  that  account  less 
necessary  to  those  who  would  be  familiar  with  the  dis- 
tinguishing traits  of  our  ancestors."  It  is  not  meant 
that  the  following  is  literally  a  description  of  Savage's 
mansion,  but  is  given  as  extracted  from  the  same  au- 
thor. "  We  find  in  the  principal  houses  a  great  hall, 
ornamented  with  pictures  and  a  great  lantern,  a  velvet 
cushion  in  the  window-seat,  which  looks  into  the  gar- 
den. On  either  side  is  a  great  parlor,  a  little  parlor  or 
study.  These  are  furnished  with  great  looking-glasses, 
Turkey  carpets,  window-curtains  and  valance,  pictures 
and  a  map,  a  brass  clock,  red  leather-back  chairs,  and 
a  great  pair  of  brass  andirons.  The  chambers  are  well 
supplied  with  feather  beds,  warming-pans,  and  every 
other  article  that  would  now  be  thought  necessary  for 
comfort  or  display.  The  pantry  is  well  filled  with  sub- 
stantial fare  and  dainties,  prunes,  marmalade,  and 

*  History  of  Boston,  by  Doct.  C.  H.  Snow,  p.  143 — a  very  valuable  work. 


40 

Madeira  wine.  Silver  tankards,  wine-cups,  and  other 
articles  of  plate,  are  not  uncommon  ;  the  kitchen  is 
completely  stocked  with  pewter,  copper  and  iron  uten- 
sils. Very  many  families  employed  servants,  and  in  one 
we  see  a  Scotch  boy,  valued  among  the  property,  and 
invoiced  at  £14." 

Major  Savage  was  one  of  those  who  became  tinctured 
with  the  doctrines  of  his  first  wife's  mother  ;  and  there- 
fore was  included  among  others  of  her  adherents, 
who  were  disarmed  by  order  of  Court,  and  delivered 
their  arms  to  Capt.  Keayne  ;  but  he,  with  some  others, 
probably  are  included  in  the  recantation,  in  1637,  for 
he  was  a  military  officer  and  the  fourth  on  the  roll  of 
members  associated  1637,  and  consequently  a  charter 
member,  though  not  specially  named ;  and  Court  nor 
Council  would  have  given  a  charter  to  an  association 
containing  any  who  had  signed  the  obnoxious  petition, 
unless  they  had  recanted.  John  Oliver,  Samuel  Cole, 
John  Underbill,  Robert  Harding,  and  probably  William 
Park  and  John  Audlin,  were  in  similar  circumstances. 
Winthrop  says:  "At  this  Court,  (1637)  divers  of  our 
chief  military  officers,  who  had  declared  themselves 
favorers  of  the  famalistical  persons  and  opinions,  were 
sent  for,  and  being  told  that  the  Court,  having  some 
jealousy  of  them  for  the  same,  and  therefore  did  desire 
some  good  satisfaction  from  them,  they  did  ingenuously 
acknowledge  how  they  had  been  deceived  and  misled 
by  the  pretence,  which  was  held  forth,  of  advancing 
Christ,  and  debasing  the  creature,  &c.,  which,  since 
they  had  found  to  be  otherwise,  and  that  their  opinions 
and  practice  tended  to  disturbance  and  delusions ;  and 
so  blessed  God,  that  had  so  timely  discovered  their  error 
and  danger  to  them." 

Major  Savage  is  first  noticed  on  the  list  of  officers  of 
the  Company  by  the  title  of  Sergeant,  then  by  Ensign  ; 
from  thence  we  conclude  he  was  made  Ensign  of  the 


41    - 

Boston  Band,  when  Gibbens  was  Captain.  At  the 
organization  of  the  militia,  1644,  no  other  officer  is 
named  of  that  Band,  but  a  Lieutenant,  apparently 
Savag,  without  a  Christian  name ;  but  he  was  styled 
in  our  list  a  Lieutenant  before,  and  soon  after  he  ap- 
pears as  Captain  of  the  Boston  Band.  He  was  pro- 
moted Sergeant-major,  when  he  was  made  com- 
mander of  the  expedition  against  King  Philip.  He  was 
also  one  of  the  subscribers  towards  the  founding  of 
the  free  school  in  Boston,  and  served  in  many  offices 
for  the  benefit  of  his  adopted  town. 

This  early  associate,  but  survivor  of  Keayne  and  his 
compatriots,  lived  to  see  the  Company,  he  had  assisted 
in  founding,  increase  and  flourish  beyond  his  most  san- 
guine expectations.  Tfie  reputation  it  had  acquired 
must,  in  the  decline  of  life,  have  been  to  this  distin- 
guished member  a  source  of  pleasure ;  for  it  is  a  re- 
markable fact,  not  only  transmitted  to  us,  his  successors, 
but  felt  and  observed  by  all  at  this  day,  that  the  longer 
any  person  remains  attached  to  the  corps  as  a  member, 
the  more  his  love  and-  affections  are  placed  upon  it : 
and  the  sportive  pride  of  youth  creates  in  old  age  the 
strongest  desire  to  transmit  to  posterity  this  venerable 
institution  of  our  ancestors.  Five  of  Maj.  Savage's 
sons  were  members,  and  their  posterity  have  many  of 
them  not  only  followed  the  military  example  of  their 
ancestor,  but  succeeded  to  his  military  honors.  The 
same  badge  of  commander,  "  a  leading  staff"  or  "  pike," 
which  was  five  times  graced  by  the  hand  of  Maj.  Sav- 
age, has  been  transferred  by  the  Chief  Magistrate  of  the 
Colony  or  Province  to  a  son  once,  a  grandson  once, 
another  grandson  three  times,  and  a  great  grandson 
once,  in  addition  to  the  "half  pike"  he  twice  bore  as 
Lieutenant,  which  each  successively  bore  before  he 
arrived  at  the  command.  Although  the  standard  was 
not  entrusted  to  his  care  as  an  Ensign,  yet  many  of  his 

6 


42 

descendants  had  the  charge  of  it.  The  grandfather  of 
the  present  generation  honored  our  roll  by  his  name, 
but  the  military  ardor  which  once  shown  conspicuous  in 
the  family,  is  now  apparently  lost  in  the  literary  distinc- 
tion of  the  descendants. 

In  1653  Maj.  Savage  attached  the  Iron  Works  at  Lynn, 
for  the  amount  owed  to  him  and  Henry  Webb.  Savage 
obtained  for  himself  £894  2,  and  Webb  £1351  6  9. 
We  hence  conclude  he  became  a  merchant  by  profes- 
sion, and  that  this  put  a  period  to  that  establishment. 

Maj.  Savage  was  Commander  in  Chief  of  the  Mas- 
sachusetts forces,  in  the  beginning  of  King  Philip's 
war. 

LIEUT.  DANIEL  HAUGH,  so* spelt  on  the  oldest  roll 
and  list  of  officers  ;  but  undoubtedly  means  Lieut. 
Daniel  Howe,  of  Lynn, — that  part  now  called  Saugus. 
He  was  admitted  freeman,  1634,  and  was  Representa- 
tive from  Lynn,  1636  and  1637,  and  consequently  a 
Deputy  when  the  charter  was  granted,  and  stands  fifth 
on  the  roll.  He  was  elected  the  first  to  the  office  of 
Lieutenant  of  the  Company,  1638.  In  the  addenda  of 
Savage's  edition  of  Winthrop,  I  find  his  commission  as 
Lieutenant  of  the  Lynn  train  band,  which,  as  a  sample 
of  the  commissions  issued  in  those  days,  is  here  given : 
"  1636,  16th  4th  mo.  To  Lieutenant  Howe,  of  Sagus, 
and  to  the  military  officers  and  company  there :  Whereas 
we  have  formerly  given  you  command  of  the  trained 
band  in  Sagus,  we  do  hereby  require  you  to  see  them 
duly  exercised  according  to  the  orders  of  court,  and 
we  do  also  require  you,  the  military  company  there,  that 
you  diligently  attend  with  your  complete  arms,  at  such 
times  and  places  as  your  said  Lieutenant  shall  appoint, 
and  that  all  you,  the  officers  and  soldiers  of  the  said 
company,  be  obedient  to  all  such  commands  as  by  au- 
thority of  this  place  or  order  from  us  you  shall  receive 


43 

from  him,  so  as  you  may  be  well  trained  and  fitted  for 
such  future  service  as  you  may  be  called  unto ;  hereof 
not  to  fail.  "  HENRY  VANE,  Governor, 

"  Jo.  WINTHROP,  Deputy." 

Lieutenant  Howe  attained  to  the  title  of  Captain, 
probably  as  master  of  a  vessel.  Our  ancestors  were  pe- 
culiarly accustomed  to  give  every  man  his  highest  mili- 
tary or  civil  title,  a  custom  not  altogether  abrogated  in 
the  country  towns  at  this  time,  and  it  is  no  where  men- 
tioned as  applied  to  him.  He  was  probably  by  profes- 
sion an  husbandman,  as  most  of  the  early  settlers  of 
Lynn  were. 

"  He,"  says  Lewis,  "  was  master  of  a  vessel,  and  re- 
moved to  New  Haven."  A  portion  of  the  people  of 
Lynn  had  an  idea  of  removing  to  Long  Island,  and  un- 
der Capt.  Howe  sailed,  in  1640,  and  effected  a  lodg- 
ment at  Scout's  Bay,  in  the  western  part  of  the  island, 
but  the  Dutch  laid  claim  to  it,  and  sent  men  to  take 
possession,  who  sat  up  the  arms  of  the  Prince  of  Orange 
on  a  tree.  Capt.  Howe  removed  their  arms,  and  an 
Indian  drew  instead  thereof  an  "unhandsome  face." 
This  conduct  highly  incensed  the  Dutch  Governor,  Wil- 
liam Keift,  whom  Mr.  Irving,  in  his  humorous  History 
of  New  York,  denominates  William  the  Testy.  The 
Dutch,  he  says,  were  sorely  vexed  by  the  enormous 
plantations  of  unions,  which  the  Yankees  planted  for 
Artillery,  so  close  their  domicils. 

ENSIGN  THOMAS  HUCKEN.  The  sixth  on  the  roll, 
and  consequently  a  member  when  the  charter  was 
granted,  was  Ensign  of  the  Company,  1639.  That  in- 
defatigable antiquarian,  Doct.  Farmer,  nor  myself,  can 
find  any  information  respecting  him.  He  spells  his 
name  Huckin,  but  it  is  Hucken  on  the  roll  and  list  of 
officers.  Barnes,  who  transcribed  the  roll  first,  and 
corrected  it  in  1680  or  81,  might  have  mistaken  the 


44 

name.  Probably  he  died  early  after  the  Company  was 
organized,  and  Barnes  might  have  inserted  his  name, 
upon  the  recollection  of  Maj.  Savage  or  some  old  mem- 
ber living  at  the  time.  I  find  in  II  utchinson,  the  first 
pages  of  his  history,  in' describing  the  election  of  offi- 
cers in  England,  by  the  charter,  13th  May,  1628, 
towards  the  last,  the  name  of  Thomas  Hutchins,  as  one 
of  the  Assistants  elected.  He  might  have  emigrated, 
and  soon  returned  as  some  did,  and  being  a  member  of 
the  corporation  in  England,  would  therefore  not  neces- 
sarily appear  among  those  made  freemen  in  New  Eng- 
land. As  no  very  obscure  persons  were  elected  to 
office  in  the  early  period  of  the  Company,  I  am  inclined 
to  think  it  should  be  Hutchins,  as  above ;  though  no 
mention  of  him  is  made  elsewhere. 

COL.  JOHN  OLIVER,  Boston,  freeman,  1634,  was  the 
seventh  on  the  roll,  and  a  charter  member.  It  is  sup- 
posed he  was  brother  of  Elder  Thomas  Oliver,  and  that 
his  title  was  derived  in  England.  He  was  Deputy  from 
Boston,  at  October  General  Court,  1637 — also  March 
Court,  1637-8,  and  in  May  Court,  1638 — was  a  col- 
league of  Keayne  as  Deputy,  therefore  was  a  Repre- 
sentative when  the  charter  was  granted.  He  never 
sustained  any  office  in  the  Company,  but  probably  had 
been  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  London.  He  removed 
to  Newbury,  and  died  there  in  1642,  probably  aged, 
for  his  children  and  widow  are  noticed.  There  is  a  will 
of  a  John  Oliver.  Suf.  Rec.  1641.*  His  widow,  Jo- 

*  He  was  elected  Representative,  in  the  room  of  William  Aspinwall,  Oct.  6th, 
1637,  who  had  been  turned  out  ;  but  the  same  Court  "  dismissed  him  from  being  a 
Deputy,  for  justifying  the  seditious  libel,  called  a  remonstrance  or  libel."  The 
town  did  not  se,nd  others  in  their  stead,  but  the  next  Court  he  was  elected  again. 
He  was  one  of  the  persons  disarmed  by  the  order  of  Court,  as  before  stated,  and 
must  have  been  one  of  those  who  made  their  recantation  ;  for  he  was  not  excluded 
the  next  Court,  and  otherwise  wonld  not  have  been  included  among  the  charter 
members. 


45 

anna,  married  William  Gerrish,  of  Newbury,  April  17th, 
1644,  and  had  eleven  children  by  him. 

LIEUT.  JOSEPH  HEWES,  the  eighth  on  the  roll,  a  char- 
ter member,  was  probably  of  Lynn. 

SAMUEL  COLE,  ninth  on  the  roll,  and  a  charter  mem- 
ber, desired  to  be  made  freeman,  October,  1630,  the 
same  year  he  emigrated.  He  is  probably  the  person 
called  Poole  by  Prince,  and  Coole  by  Savage,  and  has 
the  prefix  of  distinction  in  that  list.  He  was  probably 
the  father  of  Ann  Cole,  the  granddaughter  and  sole 
heiress  of  Kcayne,  before  mentioned.  He  set  up  the 
first  house  of  entertainment,  or  inn,  in  Boston,  March, 
1633-4.  His  house  where  he  lived  was  on  the  west 
side  of  Merchants'  Row,  midway  from  State  Street  to 
Faneuil  Hall,  and  there  he  kept  this  tavern,  which  will 
be  remembered  as  the  first  in  the  town,  probably  in 
America,  and  in  which  Lord  Ley  said  "  he  could  be  as 
private  there  as  he  could  have  been  at  the  Governor's 
own  house."  He  probably  came  over  with  Winthrop. 
He  is  recorded-  as  No.  42,  and  his  wife,  Ann,  No.  43,  as 
members  of  the  first  Church.  She  died  soon  after  their 
arrival.  Snow,  in  his  history  of  Boston,  says  he  is  the 
one  in  the  name  of  Richard,  who  figures  so  demurely 
by  the  side  of  his  wife,  in  the  Peep  at  the  Pilgrims. 
His  will  is  dated  Dec.  21st,  1666,  and  was  approved 
the  February  after.  Cole  was  one  of  those  disarmed  by 
order  of  court,  and  must  have  been  one  of  those  who 
recanted.*  He  was  frequently  one  of  the  Selectmen  of 
Boston. 

*Cole  is  the  first  member  who  appears  without  a  military  title  prefixed.  As  he 
has  in  the  list  of  freemen  the  prefix  of  respect,  (Mr.)  and  that  being  sparingly  ap- 
plied by  the  first  emigrants,  we  may  infer  he  was  highly  respectable.  He  may 
have  sustained  some  commission  in  England,  but  of  that  we  can  only  conjecture. 
The  largest  number  by  far,  until  recently,  have  been  private  citizens,  who  never 
held  any  military  commission  ;  and  in  my  researches  it  is  evident,  that  at  all  pe- 
riods of  the  history  of  the  Company  many  are  found  who  joined  while  private  citi- 


46 

LIEUT.  COL.  ISRAEL  STOUGHTON,  tenth  on  the  roll, 
and  a  charter  member,  was  admitted  freemen,  1633,* 
and  was  Representative  from  Dorchester  (where  he 
lived)  from  1634  to  1636  inclusive,  and  elected  an  As- 
sistant, 1637,  and  continued  in  that  office  until  his  re- 
turn to  England,  in  1644.  He  was  therefore  an  Assist- 
ant when  the  charter  was  granted,  and  was  elected 
commander  in  1642.  He  was  leader  or  Captain  of  the 
first  train  band  in  Dorchester,  1636,  and  had  Nathaniel 
Duncan  for  his  Lieutenant.  His  name  has  been  given 
heretofore  as  Ezekiel,  because  on  the  first  list  of  offi- 
cers and  roll  it  was  blank,  and  on  a  subsequent  roll, 
together  with  a  printed  list  of  the  Captains  of  the  Com- 
pany published  in  an  old  Almanack  previous  to  the 
revolution,  1  found  the  name  Ezekiel.  I  am  convinced 
of  the  error,  and  have  corrected  it.  He  was  chosen 
Assistant  seven  years  in?  succession,  and  left  out  on  ac- 
eount  of  his  absence  in  England,  "  about  his  private 
occasions ;"  but  we  soon  find  him  appointed  a  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel  in  Rainsburrow's  regiment,  in  the  Par- 
liament's service,  in  time  of  the  civil  wars.  He  died  at 
Lincoln,  in  England,  1645.  His  will,  dated  in  London, 
July  17th,  1644,  was  approved  in  Boston,  1646,  by 
which  he  gave  300  acres  of  land  to  Harvard  College, 
He  was  commander  of  an  expedition,  in  1637,  against 
the  Pequod  Indians,  which  resulted  in  a  sanguinary  con- 
flict, and  many  prisoners  were  taken,  and  some  of  them, 

zens,  and  afterwards  became  officers,  thus  gaining  the  appellation  of  JVursery,  or 
School  for  Officers.  A  mistaken  opinion  has  been  adopted  by  some,  that  none 
but  officers,  or  such  as  had  been,  should  be  admitted.  The  practice  originally  and 
in  an  unbroken  succession  of  years,  settles  the  right  and  expediency  conclusively. 

*  Fanner  says,  he  was  among  the  leading  and  influential  men  in  the  early  period 
of  the  Colony.  He  gave  great  offence  to  the  Court,  in  1634,  by  the  publication  of 
a  book  wherein  he  affirmed  the  power  of  the  Governor  to  be  but  ministerial,  and! 
otherwise  opposed  and  slighted  the  power  of  the  Magistrates.  He  was  called  to. 
account  for  the  offence,  and  although  he  had  the  modesty  to  confess  his  fault,  and 
desired  that  thfc  book  might  be  burnt,  he  was  disabled  for  three  years  from  bearing 
any  public  office. 


47 

Winthrop  says  fourteen  boys,  were  sold  afterwards  as 
slaves,  in  Providence  Isle.  It  is  no  wonder  such  bigoted 
zealots  in  religion  should  act  sometimes  like  barbarians. 
Stoughton,  however,  did  not  arrive  until  after  this  san- 
guinary battle  had  been  fought  and  won,  by  Capt. 
Underbill. 

CAPT.  JOHN  UNDERBILL,  the  eleventh  on  the  roll, 
came  to  New  England  in  1630,  was  admitted  freeman, 
May  18th,  1631,  and  member  of  the  first  Church  in 
Boston,  where  he  resided,  No.  57.  He  was  one  of  the 
Deputies  from  Boston,  at  the  first  General  Court, 
wherein  Representatives  from  the  several  towns  attend- 
ed, 1634.  In  1636  he  was  Captain  of  the  train  band 
in  Boston,  being  the  first  person  who  commanded  the 
Boston  militia,  and,  in  the  first  settlement  of  the  Colony, 
was  of  high  repute  and  very  serviceable,  but  a  singular 
character.  It  is  said  he  was  eccentric  in  many  things, 
and,  in  whatever  he  did,  ran  to  excess.  In  religion  he 
was  an  enthusiast, — in  practic^  a  debauchee.  He  was 
one  of  the  persons  disarmed,  but  undoubtedly  is  alluded 
to  by  Winthrop,  as  one  who  recanted,  and  thus  was 
permitted  to  become  a  charter  member.  He  never  sus- 
tained any  office  in  the  Company,  probably  because  he 
was  principally  engaged  in  the  different  wars  against 
the  Indians,  and  commanded  several  expeditions  against 
them,  or,  more  probably,  by  reason  of  his  religious 
troubles,  which  follow. 

"  Among*  the  antinomians  who  were  banished  from  Boston,  and 
took  refuge  in  these  plantations,t  was  Capt.  John  Underbill,  in 
whose  story  will  appear  some  very  strong  characteristics  of  the  spirit 
of  the  times.  He  had  been  a  soldier  in  the  Netherlands,  and  was 
brought  over  to  New  England  by  Governor  Winthrop,  to  train  the 

*  Extracted  from  Farmer's  edition  of  Belknap,  p.  23— most  of  which  is,  almost 
verbatim,  Winthrop's  account  of  the  man  and  matter, 
t  Dover,  N.  H. 


48 

people  in  military  discipline.  He  served  the  country  in  the  Pequod 
war,  and  was  in  such  reputation  in  Boston,  that  they  had  chosen  him 
one  of  their  Deputies.  Deeply  tinctured  with  antinomian  principles, 
and  possessed  of  an  high  degree  of  enthusiasm,  he  made  a  capital 
figure  in  the  controversy ;  being  one  of  the  subscribers  to  a  petition 
in  which  the  Court  was  censured,  with  an  indecent  severity,  for  their 
proceedings  against  Wheelwright.  For  this  offence  he  was  disfran- 
chised. He  then  made  a  voyage  to  England  ;  and  upon  his  return 
petitioned  the  Court  for  three  hundred  acres  of  land,  which  had 
been  promised  him  for  his  former  services,  intending  to  remove  after 
Wheelwright.  In  his  petition  he  acknowledged  his  offence  in  con- 
demninor  the  Court,  and  declared  '  that  the  Lord  had  brought  him 

O  '  O 

to  a  sense  of  his  sin  in  that  respect,  so  that  he  had  been  in  great 
trouble  on  account  thereof.'  On  this  occasion,  the  Court  thought 
proper  to  question  him  concerning  an  offensive  expression,  which  he 
uttered  on  board  the  ship  in  which  he  came  from  England,  '  that  the 
government  at  Boston  were  as  zealous  as  the  Scribes  and  Pharisees,, 
and  as  Paul,  before  his  conversion.'  He  denied  the  charge,  and  it 
was  proved  to  his  face  by  a  woman  who  was  passenger  with  him,  and" 
whom  he  had  endeavored  to  seduce  to  his  opinions.  He  was  also 
questioned  for  what  he  had  said  to  her  concerning  the  manner  of 
his  receiving  assurance,  which  was,  '  that  having  long  lain  under  a 
spirit  of  bondage,  he  could  get  no  assurance,  till  at  length,  as  he 
was  taking  a  pipe  of  tobacco,  Ike  spirit  set  home  upon  him  an  abso- 
lute promise  of  free  grace,  with  such  assurance  and  joy,  that  he  never 
since  doubted  of  his  good  estate,  neither  should  he,  whatever  sins  he 
might  fall  into.'  This  he  would  neither  own  nor  deny  ;  but  objected 
to  the  sufficiency  of  a  single  testimony.  The  Court  committed  him 
for  abusing  them  with  a  pretended  retraction,  and  the  next  day  passed 
the  sentence  of  banishment  upon  him.  Being  allowed  the  liberty 
of  attending  public  worship,*  his  enthusiastic  zeal  broke  out  in  a 
speech,  in  which  he  endeavored  to  prove  '  that  the  Lord  was  pleased 

*  The  prison  was  early  established  in  the  rear  of  where  the  old  Court-house 
now  stands;  hence,  the  street  was  then  called  Prison-lane,  then  Queen-street,  and 
now  Court  street.  The  first,  and  then  only,  church,  was  where  Joy's  buildings 
now  stand,  and  was  within  the  square  upon  which  the  limits  of  the  prison- 
yard  extended.  King's  Chapel,  afterwards  erected,  was  also  within  the 
square.  Prisoners  having  the  liberty  of  the  yard,  were  thus  enabled  to  attend 
worship  on  Sundays.  One  of  the  most  effectual  arguments  for  extension  of 
the  limits  was,  that,  as  other  denominations  might  be  committed,  they  ought,  in 
conscience,  to  be  allowed  to  worship  in  more  orthodox  churches.  Prisoners  under 
sentence  of  death  were  also  forced  to  attend  meeting;  but  that  practice  has  been 
silently  done  away. 


49 

to  convert  Saul  while  he  was  persecuting,  so  he  might  manifest  him- 
self to  him  while  making  a  moderate  use  of  the  good  creature — to- 
bacco ;  professing  withal,  that  he  knew  not  wherein  he  had  deserved 
the  censure  of  the  Court.'  The  elders  reproved  him  for  this  incon- 
siderate speech  ;  Rev.  Mr.  Cotton  told  him  '  that  though  God  often 
laid  a  man  under  a  spirit  of  bondage  while  walking  in  sin,  as  was 
the  case  with  Paul,  yet  he  never  sent  a  spirit  of  comfort  but  in  an 
ordinance,  as  he  did  to  Paul  by  the  ministry  of  Annanias;  and 
therefore  exhorted  him  to  examine  carefully  the  revelation  and  joy 
to  which  he  pretended. 

"  The  next  Lord's  day,  the  same  Capt.  Underbill,  having  been 
privately  dealt  with,  upon  suspicion  of  incontinency  with  a  neigh- 
bor's wife,  and  not  barkening  to  it,  was  publicly  questioned,  and  put 
under  admonition.  The  matter  was,  for  that  the  woman  being 
young,  and  beautiful,  and  withal  of  a  jovial  spirit  and  behavior,  he 
did  frequent  her  house,  and  was  divers  times  found  there  alone  with 
her,  the  door  being  locked  on  the  inside.  He  confessed  it  was  ill, 
because  it  had  an  appearance  of  evil ;  but  his  excuse  was,  that  the 
woman  was  in  great  trouble  of  mind,  and  sore  temptations,  and  that 
he  resorted  to  her  to  comfort  her;  and  that  when  the  door  was 
found  locked,  they  were  in  private  prayer  together.  But  this 
practice  was  clearly  condemned  also  by  the  elders ;  affirming  that 
it  had  not  been  of  good  report  for  many  of  them  to  have  done  the 
like,  and  they  ought  in  such  case  to-  have  called  in  some  brother 
or  sister,  and  not  to  have  locked  the  door,  &c.  They  also  declared 
that  once  he  procured  them  to  go  visit  her,  telling  them  that  she  was 
in  great  trouble  of  mind ;  but  when  they  came  to  her  (by  surprise,) 
they  perceived  no  such  thing. 

"  These  proceedings,  civil  and  ecclesiastical,  being  finished,  he  re- 
moved out  of  their  jurisdiction,  and  after  a  while  came  to  Dover, 
where  he  procured  the  place  of  Governor,  in  the  room  of  Burdet. 
<jrov.  Winthrop  hearing  of  this,  wrote  to  Hilton  and  others  of  this 
plantation,  informing  them  of  his  character.  Underbill  intercepted 
the  letter,  and  returned  a  bitter  answer  to  Mr.  Cotton,  and  another 
letter,  full  of  reproaches  against  the  Governor,  to  a  gentleman  of  his 
family,  whilst  he  addressed  the  Governor  himself  in  a  fawning,  obse- 
quious strain,  begging  an  obliteration  of  former  miscarriages,  and  a 
bearing  with  human  infirmities.  These  letters  were  all  sent  back  to 
Hilton,  but  too  late  to  prevent  his  advancement. 

"  Being  settled  in  his  government,  he  procured  a  church  to  be 
gathered  at  Dover,  who  chose  Hanserd  Knollys  for  their  minister. 
He  had  come  over  from  England  the  year  before,  but  being  an  Ana- 
baptist of  the  antinomian  cast,  was  not  well  received  in  Massachu- 

7 


50 

setts,  and  came  here  while  Burdet  was  in  office,  who  forbade  his 
preaching;  but  Underbill,  agreeing  better  with  him,  prevailed  to 
have  him  chosen  their  minister.  To  ingratiate  himself  with  his  new 
patron,  Knollys  wrote  in  his  favor  to  the  church  in  Boston,  styling 
him  '  the  right  worshipful,  their  honored  Governor.'  Notwithstand- 
ing which,  they  cited  him  to  appear  before  them ;  the  Court  grant- 
ing him  safe  conduct.  At  the  same  time,  complaint  was  made  to 
the  chief  inhabitants  on  the  river,  of  the  breach  of  friendship  in  ad- 
vancing Underbill  after  his  rejection ;  and  a  copy  of  Knollys'  letter 
was  returned,  wherein  he  had  written  '  that  Underbill  was  an  instru- 
ment of  God  for  their  ruin,'  and  it  was  inquired  whether  that  letter 
was  written  by  the  desire  or  consent  of  the  people.  The  principal 
persons  of  Portsmouth  and  Dover  disclaimed  his  miscarriages,  and 
expressed  their  readiness  to  call  him  to  account  when  a  proper  in- 
formation should  be  presented ;  but  begged  that  no  force  might  be 
sent  against  him." 

"  Knollys  having  come  to  Boston,  at  a  public  lecture  day,  before 
the  Governor,  magistrates,  ministers,  and  congregation,  made  con- 
fession of  his  fault,  and  wrote  a  retraction.  Underbill  was  so  affect- 
ed with  his  friend's  humiliation,  and  the  disaffection  of  the  people  of 
Piscataqua  to  him,  that  he  resolved  to  retrieve  his  character  in  the 
same  way.  Having  obtained  safe  conduct,  he  went  to  Boston,  and 
in  the  same  public  manner  acknowledged  his  adultery,  his  disrespect 
to  the  government,  and  the  justice  of  their  proceedings  against  him. 
But  his  confession  was  mixed  with  so  many  excuses  and  extenuations, 
that  it  gave  no  satisfaction ;  and  the  evidence  of  his  scandalous  de- 
portment being  now  undeniable,  the  church  passed  the  sentence  of 
excommunication,  to  which  he  seemed  to  submit,  and  appeared  much 
dejected  whilst  he  remained  there." 

"  Upon  his  return,  to  please  some  disaffected  persons  at  the  mouth 
of  the  river,  he  sent  thirteen  armed  men  to  Exeter,  to  rescue  out  of 
the  officer's  hands  one  Fish,  who  had  been  taken  into  custody  for 
speaking  against  the  King.  The  people  of  Dover  forbade  his  coming 
into  their  Court  till  they  had  considered  his  crimes,  and  he  promised 
to  resign  his  place,  if  they  should  disapprove  of  his  conduct ;  but, 
hearing  that  they  were  determined  to  remove  him,  he  rushed  into 
Court  in  a  passion,  took  his  seat,  ordered  one  of  the  magistrates  to 
prison,  for  saying  that  he  would  not  sit  with  an  adulterer,  and  re- 
fused to  receive  his  dismission,  when  they  voted  it.  But  they  pro- 
ceeded to  choose  another  Governor,  Roberts,  and  sent  back  the 
prisoner  to  Exeter." 

"  One  Larkham  entered  into  a  controversy  with  Knollys,  and  be- 
came his  successor  at  Dover.  The  better  sort  of  people  adhered  to 


51 

Knollys,  and  being  displeased,  restored  Knollys,  who  excommunicat- 
ed Larkham.  This  bred  a  riot,  in  which  Larkham  laid  hands  on 
Knollys,  taking  away  his  hat  on  pretence  he  had  not  paid  for  it;  but 
he  was  civil  enough  afterward  to  return  it.  Some  of  the  magistrates 
joined  with  Larkham,  and,  forming  a  Court,  summoned  Underbill, 
who  was  of  Knollys  party,  to  appear  before  them,  and  answer  to  a 
new  crime,  which  they  had  to  allege  against  him.  Underbill  col- 
lected his  adherents ;  Knollys  was  armed  with  a  pistol,  and  another 
had  a  Bible  mounted  on  a  halbert  for  an  ensign.  In  this  ridiculous 
parade,  they  marched  against  Larkham  and  his  party.  After  the  in- 
terposition of  Williams,  Governor  of  Portsmouth  and  the  Massachu- 
setts, who  sent  Simon  Bradstreet,  the  famous  Hugh  Peters,  and 
Timothy  Dalton  of  Hampton,  to  inquire  into  the  matter,  and  effect  a 
reconciliation,  or  certify  the  state  of  things  to  them ;  they  travelled 
on  foot  to  Dover,  and  finding  both  sides  in  fault,  brought  the  matter 
to  this  issue,  that  the  one  party  revoked  the  excommunication,  and 
the  other  the  fines  and  banishment." 

"  Underbill  having  finished  his  career  in  these  parts,  obtained 
leave  to  return  to  Boston,  and  finding  honesty  to  be  the  best  policy, 
did,  in  a  large  assembly,  at  the  public  lecture,  and  during  the  sitting 
of  the  Court,  make  a  full  confession.  The  Court,  being  now  satis- 
fied, restored  him  to  their  communion.  The  Court,  after  waiting 
six  months  for  evidence  of  his  good  behavior,  took  off  his  sentence 
of  banishment,  and  released  him  from  the  punishment  of  his  adul- 
tery ;  the  law  which  made  it  capital  having  been  enacted  after  the 
crime  was  committed,  could  not  touch  his  life." 

"  Some  offers  being  made  him  by  the  Dutch,  at  Hudson's  river, 
whose  language  was  familiar  to  him,  the  church  of  Boston  hired  a 
vessel  to  transport  him  and  his  family  thither,  furnishing  them  with 
necessaries  for  the  voyage.  The  Dutch  Governor  gave  him  the 
command  of  a  company  of  an  hundred  and  twenty  men,  and  he  was 
very  serviceable  in  the  wars  which  that  colony  had  with  the  Indians, 
having,  it  is  said,  killed  150  on  Long  Island,  and  300  on  the  main. 
He  continued  in  their  service  until  his  death." 

"  We  find  in  this  relation  a  striking  instance  of  that  false  religion, 
which,  having  its  seat  in  the  imagination,  instead  of  making  the 
heart  better,  and  reforming  the  life,  inflames  the  passions,  stupifies 
reason,  and  produces  the  wildest  effects  in  behavior.  But  it  is  not 
so  surprising  that  men  should  be  thus  misled,  as  that  such  frantic 
zealots  should  ever  be  reduced  to  an  acknowledgment  of  their  of- 
fences ;  which,  in  this  instance,  may  be  ascribed  to  the  strict  disci- 
pline then  practised  in  the  churches  of  New  England." 


52 

In  a  note,  Wood  says:  "He,  Underbill,  settled  at 
Stamford,  in  Connecticut,  and  was  a  delegate  from  that 
town  to  the  Court  of  New  Haven  in  1643,  and  was  ap- 
pointed an  Assistant  Justice  there.  In  the  war  be- 
tween the  Dutch  and  Indians,  from  1643  to  1646,  he 
had  a  principal  command.  After  this  war,  which  was 
terminated  by  a  great  battle  at  Strickland  Plain,  and  in 
which  the  Dutch  with  difficulty  obtained  the  victory,  he 
settled  at  Flushing,  on  Long  Island.  He  had  some 
agency  in  detecting  and  exposing  the  intrigues  of  the 
Dutch  Treasurer,  in  1653.  In  1665,  he  was  a  delegate 
from  the  town  of  Oyster  Bay  to  the  Assembly,  holden 
at  Hempstead,  by  Governor  Nicholls,  and  was  appoint- 
ed by  him  Under-Sheriff  of  the  North  Riding  of  York- 
shire, or  Queen's  County.  In  1667,  the  Matinenoc  In- 
dians gave  him  150  acres  of  land,  which  has  remained 
in  the  family  ever  since,  and  is  now  in  the  possession  of 
one  of  his  descendants  that  bears  his  name.  It  is  sup- 
posed that  Capt.  Underbill  died  at  Oyster  Bay,  in  the 
year  1672.*  The  descendants  of  Capt.  Underbill  are 
numerous,  and  very  respectable.  The  most  of  his  pos- 
terity have  changed  the  warlike  habiliments  of  their 
ancestors  for  the  Quaker  habit.'7 

His  posterity  may  also  be  in  New  Hampshire,  where 
the  name  exists.  He  is  mentioned  by  Prince,  as  early 
as  Sept.  28,  1630,  "for  military  purposes."  When  he 
made  his  confession  of  his  sins,  he  was  made  "  to  sit  on 
the  stool  of  repentance  in  church,  with  a  white  cap  on 
his  head."  As  he  dated  his  conversion  from  a  time  he 
was  smoking  tobacco,  jt  was  hence  thought  not  to  be 
sincere ;  it  was  thought  necessary  it  should  be  under 
"  the  preaching  of  the  word."f  It  was  Underbill  who, 
with  the  valiant  Capt.  Mason,  made  their  attack  upon 

*  See-  Wood's  Sketch  of  Long  Island. 

t  As  he  used  "  the  good  creature,"  tobacco,  I  presume  he  was  a  great  smoker. 
This  maj  have  recommended  him  particularly  to  the  Dutch. 


53 

the  Indians,  1637,  at  their  fort  at  Mystic,*  when  the 
fierce  spirit  of  this  tribe  was  broken,  and  terror  struck 
among  the  Indians  generally,  on  account  of  the  general 
massacre  of  so  large  a  number.  He  had  served  as  a 
British  officer  in  the  Low  Countries,  England,  and  at 
Cadiz.  When  he  was  disfranchised,  he  was  also  put 
out  of  office  as  Captain  of  the  Boston  Train-band.  The 
woman  referred  to  (of  whom  Winthrop  speaks  so  feel- 
ingly) was  named  Faber,f  and  these  troubles  com- 
menced in  1638,  and  continued  through  1639  ;  and  the 
grand  scene  of  his  humiliation  took  place  7th  mo.  3d, 
1640,  when,  as  we  learn,  "he  came  in  his  worst 
clothes,  (being  accustomed  to  take  great  pride  in  his 
bravery  and  neatness,)  without  a  band,  in  a  foul  linen 
cap  pulled  down  to  his  eyes  ;  and  standing  upon  a  form, 
did,  with  many  deep  sighs  and  abundance  of  tears,"  &c. 
"  To  make  his  peace  the  more  sound,  he  went  to  her 
husband,  (being  a  cooper,)  and  fell  on  his  knees  before 
him,  in  the  presence  of  elders  and  others,  and  confessed 
the  wrong  he  had  done  him,  and  besought  him  to  for- 
give him,  which  he  did  very  freely,  and  in  testimony 
thereof  he  sent  the  Captain's  wife  a  token."  The 
cooper  as  easily  forgave  his  wife. 

However  Winthrop  might  have  suspected  Underbill's 
sincerity  in  all  this  farce,  we  should  judge  he  impartially 
judged  of  his  case  subsequently;  for,  mo.  7th,  1641, 
Bellingham  being  Governor,  "  Capt.  Underbill,  coming 
to  Boston,  was  presently  apprehended  by  the  Governor's 
warrant  to  appear  at  the  next  Court,  and  bound  for  his 
good  behavior  in  the  mean  time,  which  was  ill  taken  by 
many,  seeing  he  did  not  stand  presented  by  any  man, 
and  had  been  reconciled  to  the  church  and  to  the  Court, 

*  Near  a  river  of  that  name,  in  the  County  of  New  London,  Conn.,  a  few  miles 
cast  of  Fort  Griswold.  The  Pcquods  were  nearly  all  destroyed,  about  700  of 
them  being  slain  in  this  battle. 

t  Winthrop,  if  we  mistake  not,  had  married  his  fourth  wife.  , 


54 

who  had  remitted  his  sentence  of  banishment,  and 
showed  their  willingness  to  have  pardoned  him  fully,  but 
for  fear  of  oiience.  And  it  was  held  by  some  of  the 
magistrates,  that  the  Court,  having  reversed  the  sen- 
tence against  him  for  former  misdemeanors,  had  im- 
plicitly pardoned  all  other  misdemeanors  before  that 
time,  and  his  adultery  was  no  more  then  but  a  misde- 
meanor; but  to  bind  a  man  to  his  good  behavior,  when 
he  stands  reconciled  to  the  church  and  Commonwealth, 
was  certainly  an  error,  as  it  was  also  to  commit  such 
an  one,  being  not  presented  nor  accused.  So  easily 
may  a  magistrate  be  misled  on  the  right  hand  by  the 
secret  whisperings  of  such  as  pretend  a  zeal  of  justice 
and  the  punishment  of  sin.  The  Governor  caused  him 
to  be  indicted  at  the  next  Court,  but  he  was  acquitted 
by  proclamation." 

CAPT.  NATHANIEL  TURNER.  The  twelfth  on  the  roll, 
and  a  charter  member.  In  the  former  edition,  the 
Christian  name  of  Joseph  is  inserted  as  the  probable 
one,  none  being  found  in  the  roll,  and  he  is  not  on  the 
list  of  officers ;  but  Nathaniel  is  undoubtedly  the  true 
name.  He  lived  in  Nahant  street,  Lynn,  and  requested 
to  be  made  freeman,  October  19th,  1630,  but  did  not 
take  the  oath  till  July  3d,  1632  ;  and  in  both  places  on 
the  list  of  freemen  has  the  prefix  of  respect.  "  He  was 
Representative  in  the  first  seven  sessions  of  the  General 
Court,  and  a  member  of  the  first  Quarterly  Court  at 
Salem,  in  1636.  In  1633  he  was  appointed  Captain  of 
the  Militia  in  Lynn,  and  in  1636*  and  1637  had  a  com- 
mand in  several  expeditions  against  the  Pequod  Indians, 
and  was  a  Captain  in  Stoughton's  expedition,  when  he 
acquired  a  desire  for  New  Haven.  1638,  "  he  sold  his 
land  on  Sagamore  Hill  to  Mr.  Edward  Holyoke,  and 

*His  house  in  Saugus  took  fire  by  an  oven,  about  midnight,  (11  mo.  10th, 
1636,)  and  was  burnt  down,  with  all  that  was  in  it,  save  the  persons. 


removed  to  Quillipeake,  with  others,  where  a  new  set- 
tlement was  begun,  and  called  New  Haven.  In  1639, 
he  was  one  of  the  seven  members  of  the  first  church  in 
that  place.  In  1640,  he  purchased,  for  the  town,  of 
Pomis,  an  Indian  Sagamore,  the  tract  of  land  which  is 
now  the  town  of  Stamford,  for  which  he  paid  in  '  coats, 
hoes,  hatchets,  &c.'  His  active  and  enterprising  life 
was  soon  afterward  terminated  in  a  melancholy  manner. 
In  January,  1646,  he  sailed  for  England,  with  Capt. 
Lumberton,  in  a  vessel  which  was  never  heard  of  more. 
In  June,  1648,  it  is  said  that  the  apparition  of  a  ship 
was  seen,  under  full  sail,  moving  up  the  harbor  of  New 
Haven,  a  little  before  sunset,  in  a  pleasant  afternoon  ; 
and  that  as  it  approached  the  shore,  it  slowly  vanished. 
This  was  supposed  to  have  been  a  reference  to  the  fate 
of  Capt.  Lumberton's  ship.  The  following  epitaph  was 
written  to  the  memory  of  Capt.  Turner  : 

"  Deep  in  Atlantic  caves  his  body  sleeps, 
Where  the  dark  sea  its  ceaseless  motion  keeps, 
While  phantom  ships  are  wrecked  along  the  shore, 
To  warn  his  friends  that  he  will  cotne  no  more  ! 
But  He,  who  governs  all  with  impulse  free, 
Can  bring  from  Bashan,  and  the  deepest  sea, 
And  when  He  calls,  our  Turner  must  return, 
Though  now  his  ashes  fill  no  sacred  urn." 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  JENNISON,  the  thirteenth  on  the  roll, 
and  a  charter  member.  He  is  called  Jenings  by  John- 
son, and  sometimes  spelt  Jenyngs,  and  Geinson,  and  was 
made  freeman  October  19th,  1630,  and  then  has  the 
prefix  of  respect.  August  16th,  1631,  he  was  chosen 
Ensign  to  Capt.  Patrick,*  by  the  Court  at  Boston,  and 
was  Captain  of  the  Watertovvn  Band,  where  he  lived, 

*  Capt.  Patrick,  who  served  in  the  Prince  of  Orange's  Guard,  was  the  first 
Captain  of  Watertown. 


56 

in  1636.*  He  was  Representative,  1637  to  1642,f  and 
in  1645,  seven  years,  from  Watertown,  and  must  have 
been  a  Deputy  when  the  charter  was  granted.  It  does 
not  appear  he  ever  held  any  office  in  the  Company, 
and  probably  returned,  and  died  in  England.  Johnson 
supposes  he  was  in  England  in  1651. 

LIEUT.  RICHARD  MORRIS,  fourteenth  on  the  roll,  and 
a  charter  member.  He  was  admitted  freeman  May 
18th,  1631,  by  the  title J  Sergeant  Morris,  by  which 
title,  without  a  Christian  name,  he  stands  on  the  oldest 
roll,  sustaining  that  office  only  in^  the  Company.  He 
belonged  to  Roxbury,  and  was  their  Representative, 
1635-6.  Farmer  says,  he  "  probably  went  to  Exeter, 
N.  H.,  1638."  Doct.  Belknap,  in  his  History  of  New 
Hampshire,  calls  him  Merrys.  In  the  Addenda  of  Wiri- 
throp,  under  date  16th  4  mo.  1636,  we  find:  "The 

*  After  his  return  from  the  expedition  fitted  out  6th  mo.  25th,  1636,  with  Un- 
derhill  and  Capt.  N.  Turner  and  En.  Davenport,  under  Endicott,  to  revenge  the 
murder  of  Oldham. 

t"  At  this  Court,  (July  1644)  Capt.  Jcnyson,  Captain  of  the  military  company 
in  Watertown,  an  able  man,  who  had  been  there  from  the  first  settling  of  that 
town,  having  a  year  before,  (being  then  a  Deputy)  in  private  conference,  ques- 
tioned the  lawfulness  of  the  Parliament's  proceeding  in  England,  was  sent  for  by 
the  Deputies,  and  examined  about  it,  and  after  before  the  magistrates.  He  ingenu- 
ously confessed  his  scruple,  but  took  offence,  that  being  a  church  member,  and  in 
public  office,  he  should  be  openly  produced  merely  for  matter  of  judgment,  not 
having  been  first  dealt  with  in  private,  either  in  a  church  way  or  by  some  of  tho 
magistrates,  which  seemed  to  some  of  the  Court  to  have  been  a  failing.  The  Court 
was  unwilling  to  turn  him  out  of  place,  having  been  a  very  useful  man,  &c,  yet 
not  seeing  how  he  might  be  trusted,  being  of  that  judgment,  yet  professing  that  he 
was  assured  that  those  of  the  Parliament  side  were  the  more  godly  and  honest 
part  of  the  kingdom,  and  that  though,  if  he  were  in  England,  he  should  be  doubt- 
ful whether  he  might  take  their  part  against  their  prince,  yet,  if  the  King  or  any 
party  from  him  should  attempt  any  thing  against  this  Commonwealth,  he  should 
make  no  scruple  to  spend  estate  and  life  and  all  in  our  defence  against  them;  he  was 
dismissed  to  further  consideration;  and  the  Court  being  broken  up,  he  came  soon 
after  to  some  of  the  magistrates,  and  told  them  that  this  questioning  in  the  Court 
had  occasioned  him  to  search  further  into  the  point,  and  he  was  now  satisfied  that 
the  Parliament's  cause  was  good,  and  if  he  were  in  England  he  would  assist  in 
defence  of  it." 

t  Doct.  Farmer  is  in  error  here,  having  mistaken  the  title  for  a  Christian  name. 


57 

Governor,  with  consent  of  Mr.  Dudley,  gave  warrant  to 
Lieut.  Morris  to  spread  the  King's  colors  at  Castle 
Island,  when  the  ships  passed  by.  It  was  done  at  the 
request  of  the  masters  of  the  ten  ships,  which  were  then 
here,  yet  with  this  protestation,*  that  we  held  the  cross 
in  the  ensign  idolatrous,  and  therefore  might  not  set  it 
up  in  our  own  ensigns ;  but  this  being  kept  as  the 
King's  fort,  the  Governor  and  some  others  were  of 
opinion,  that  his  own  colors  might  be  spread  upon  it. 
The  colors  were  given  us  by  Capt.  Palmer,  and  the 
Governor  in  requital  sent  him  three  beaver  skins.  But 
the  Deputy  allowed  not  of  this  distinction."  1  find  a 
Lieut.  Monish  as  the  second  person  who  had  command 
of  the  fort  there ;  and  undoubtedly  Lieut.  R.  Morris, 
the  name  being  mis-spelt. 

In  March,  1633,  we  find  he  was  Ensign  to  Capt.  Un- 
derhill,  but,  "  taking  some  distaste  to  his  office,  request- 
ed the  magistrates  that  he  might  be  discharged  of  it, 
and  so  was,  whereby  he  gave  offence  to  the  congrega- 
tion of  Boston,  so  as,  being  questioned  and  convinced 
of  sin  in  forsaking  his  calling,  he  did  acknowledge  his 
fault,  and,  at  the  request  of  the  people,  was  by  the 
magistrates  chosen  Lieutenant  to  the  same  Company, 
for  he  was  a  very  stout  man  and  an  experienced  sol- 
dier." 

Savage,  in  a  note,  page  127,  says  "he  was  a  person 
of  some  consequence  in  the  colony,  and  probably  ac- 
companied Winthrop  in  the  fleet ;  for  he  and  his  wife 
early  became  members  of  the  Boston  church,  being 
Nos.  64,  65.  He  was  in  the  military  service,  when  a 
body  of  men,  or  at  least  of  officers,  was  kept  in  pay,  in 
1632  and  3,  as  appears  from  the  original  account  of 

*  Irving,  in  his  Knickerbocker's  History,  giving  a  description  of  the  early  set- 
tlers of  Connecticut,  says,  "  they  always  sailed  as  near  the  wind  as  a  sow  with  a 
shingle  in  her  mouth."  Why  did  such  good  Christians  not  only  reject  the  cross, 
but  dishonor  their  King  ? 


58 

Wm.  Pynchon,  the  Treasurer."  Being  unhappily  of 
that  party  in  religion  which  favored  Wheelwright  and 
his  sister  Hutchinson,  he  signed  the  famous  petition, 
and  therefore,  Nov.  20,  1637,  with  other  schismatics, 
was  ordered  to  be  disarmed.  He  probably  recanted, 
and  was  therefore  permitted  to  be  an  associate  of  the 
charter  members.  But,  on  the  6th  Sept.  of  next  year, 
"  Lieut.  Morris  (so  say  the  Colony  Records)  had  leave 
to  depart,  (having  offended  in  subscribing  the  petition 
or  remonstrance)  being  advised  to  forbear  meddling 
with  our  people  in  the  matters  of  opinion,  lest  they  be 
further  dealt  with ;  and  was  advised  not  to  sit  down 
within  our  limits,  and  was  wished  to  warn  the  rest  not  to 
sit  down  within  our  limits."  From  this  banishment,  so 
"  gently  expressed,  for  signing  a  memorial  to  the  Court 
eighteen  months  before,  I  know  not  that  he  returned. 
His  retreat  was  Exeter,  where,  with  many  of  his  perse- 
cuted brethren,  he  formed  the  association,  4th  October, 

1639,  which  is  preserved  in  Hazard,  I.  463." 

MAJ.  GEN.  EDWARD  GIBBONS,  the  fifteenth  on  the 
roll,  and  a  charter  member,  came  to  New  England  as 
early  as  1629,  was  admitted  freeman  October  19th, 
1631,  and  in  the  list  has  the  prefix  of  respect.  He 
served  the  town  in  various  offices,  and  was  elected  a 
Deputy  to  the  General  Court,  March  session,  1638-9, 
and  thence  regularly  to  1647  inclusive,  except  October 

1640,  and  June  1641.     He  was  elected  Assistant,  May 
1650,  and  served  in  that  office  until  his  death,  at  Bos- 
ton, December  9th,  1 654.     He  had  two  sons,  born  in 
1633  and   1641.     One  of  his  grandsons,  Lieut.  Wil- 
liam Gibbons,  was  a  member,  1691,  and  a  great-grand- 
son, John  Gibbons,  a  member  also,  in  1711.     Colonel 
Daniel  L.  Gibbens,  Ar.  Co.  1810,  is  undoubtedly  a  de- 
scendant. 

He  was  by  profession  a  merchant,  and  is  noticed  by 


59 

Eliot  with  honor.  He  was  admitted  a  member  of  Bos- 
ton church,  No.  113,  and  his  piety  was  probably  more 
approved,  because  he  had  belonged  to  the  irregular  ad- 
venturers of  Mount  Wollastan.  Mather  says,  "  he  was 
a  very  gay  young  gentleman,  when  the  Massachusetts 
people  first  came  to  Salem,  and  happened  to  be  there 
at  Mr.  Higginson  and  Mr.  Shelton's  ordination  and 
forming  the  church.  He  was  so  much  affected  with 

o 

the  solemnity  of  the  proceeding,  that  he  desired  to  be 
received  into  their  number.  They  had  not  sufficient 
knowledge  of  him,  but  encouraged  him  in  his  good  in- 
tentions, and  he  afterwards  joined  to  the  church  in 
Boston."  He.is  frequently  mentioned  in  the  early  his- 
tory of  the  colony,  and  was  probably  one  of  the  young- 
est, as  he  was  one  of  the  most  enterprising  among  the 
first  settlers.  He  was  a  very  prudent  man,  for  amidst 
all  the  excitements  and  controversies  of  the  day,  it  ap- 
pears he  was  never  implicated !  which  few  or  none, 
except  himself,  could  boast  of.  He  appears  to  have 
been  a  favorite  of  the  people,  for  we  find  him  many 
years  a  public  character,  always  in  the  road  of  promo- 
tion, and  never  the  victim  of  popular  censure.  His 
popularity  in  the  Company -must  have  been  great,  be- 
sides his  military  qualifications,  since  he  was  the  first 
successor  of  Keayne  as  Commander,  elected  1639,  and 
again  elected  Captain  in  1641,  1646,  and  1654;  during 
the  fourth  and  last  year  of  his  command  he  died — but 
we  have  no  account  of  any  funeral  solemnities.  Thus 
he  was  one  of  the  first  who  associated  with  his  friend 
Keayne  to  form  it,  and  remained  one  of  its  firmest  sup- 
porters and  patrons  to  his  decease.  Keayne  survived 
him  but  little  over  a  year,  and  he  therefore  did  not  live 
to  enjoy  the  friendly  bequest  made  him  in  that  volumi- 
nous testament.  His  will  was  proved  January  1654-5. 
The  inventory  of  Gibbens'  estate,  real  and  personal,  re- 


60 

turned  15th  10  mo.  1654,  was  only  £294  19  6  ;*  but 
the  next  information  we  derive  from  the  probate  re- 
cords of  Suffolk,  is  a  special  commission,  resembling 
much  those  of  our  days,  on  account  of  its  insolvency. 
He  had  been  too  adventurous  in  the  great  undertakings 
of  La  Tour,  and  was,  beside,  peculiarly  unfortunate  in 
trade,  having  lost  several  vessels  and  cargoes.  At  one 
time  he  was  jointly,  but  privately,  concerned  with  Lev- 
erett,  afterwards  Governor,  as  a  partner,  and  lost  also 
largely  in  his  voyages.  His  dwelling  house,  with  other 
housing  and  a  garden,  says  the  Book  of  Possessions, 
were  situated  on  the  bend  opposite  the  lower  end  of 
Market  street,  now  called  Cornhill,  since  old  Cornhill 
has  taken  the  name  of  Washington  street,  so  as  to  give 
him  the  street  on  the  West  and  North.  As  the  cove 
reached  nearly  or  quite  up  to  the  bottom  of  his  line, 
and  much  shipping  laded  and  unladed  there,  it  is  sup- 
posed his  place  of  business  was  there  also. 

Gibbons  was  early  elected  a  military  officer,  for  we 
find  he  was  Lieutenant  of  the  Boston  Volunteer  Train- 
band under  Underbill,  in  1636,  and  succeeded  him  as 
Captain  when  he  was  put  out  of  office  for  his  religious 
opinions.  He  continued  as  Captain  until  the  first  regu- 
lar organization  of  the  Massachusetts  Militia,  in  1644, 
when  he  was  promoted  to  be  first  Sergeant-major  of  the 
Boston  (Suffolk)  Regiment,  and  that  office  he  continued 
to  fill  until  he  was  elected  Sergeant  Major-General,  as 
the  successor  of  Gov.  Endicott,  in  1649,  and  held  that 
elevated  office  three  years  successively.  Speaking  of 
his  election  as  Sergeant-major,  Johnson  observes : 
"  The  first  chosen  to  the  office  was  Major  Gibbons,  a 
man  of  resolute  spirit,  bold  as  a  lion,  being  wholly 
tutored  up  in  New  England  discipline,  very  generous 
and  forward  to  promote  all  military  matters ;  his  forts 

*  Savage  makes  his  inventory  .£535  6  7. 


61 

are  well  contrived,  and  batteries  strong  and  in  good 
repair,  &c.  His  great  artillery  well  mounted  and 
cleanly  kept, — and  his  own  Company  are  very  com- 
plete in  arms,  and  many  of  them  disciplined  in  the  Mil- 
itary Garden,*  besides  their  ordinary  trainings."  In 
1641,  he  was  "appointed  to  see  to  the  laying  of  the 
ordnance  in  Boston,  that  they  might  not  be  spoiled." 

In  1636,  Lieut.  Gibbons,  with  John  Higginson,  were 
sent  ambassadors,  to  treat  with  Canonicus  about  justice 
to  be  done  upon  those  who  were  guilty  of  the  murder 
of  Oldham,  wherein  they  were  received  and  treated 
with  great  pomp  and  state.  "  They  arriving,  were  en- 
tertained royally,  with  respect  to  the  Indian  manner. 
Boiled  chesnuts  is  their  white  bread,  and  because  they 
would  be  extraordinary  in  their  feasting,  they  strove  for 
variety,  after  the  English  manner, — boiling  puddings 
made  of  beaten  corn,  putting  therein  great  store  of 
blackberries,!  somewhat  like  currants.  They,  having 
thus  nobly  feasted  them,  afterwards  gave  them  audience 
in  a  State  House, — round, — about  fifty  feet  wide, — 
made  of  long  poles,  stuck  in  the  ground,  like  your 
summer  houses  in  England, — and  covered  round  about 
and  on  the  top  with  mats,  &c."  VVond.  Work.  Prov. 
p.  109.  Davis.  Mort.  Memo.  p.  185  and  note. 

In  1643,  he  was  one  of  the  Committee  appointed  on 
behalf  of  Massachusetts  to  receive  and  treat  with  the 
Commissioners  from  the  Colonies  of  Plymouth,  Connec- 
ticut and  New  Haven,  which  convention  was  composed 
of  principal  leading  men  of  the  several  colonies,  and 
whose  consultations  resulted  in  the  unanimous  forma- 
tion of  the  articles  of  confederation,  or  Congress  of 
New  England,  that  for  many  years  met  annually,  and 
conduced  essentially  to  the  union,  peace  and  prosperity 
of  these  infant  States.  His  autograph,  if  any  where  to 
be  found  now,  is  among  the  signatures  to  the  articles 

*  Meaning  the  A.  &  H.  A.  C.  t  Origin  of  whortleberry  pudding. 


62 

then  agreed  upon,  if  the  original  paper  has  been  pre 
served. 

In  1642  Lord  Baltimore,  Mr.  Calvert,  his  brother, 
being  Governor  of  Maryland,  (both  papists,  though 
their  colony  consisted  of  protestants  as  well  as  papists,) 
wrote  to  Capt.  Gibbens  "  and  sent  him  a  commission, 
offering  him  land  in  Maryland  to  any  of  ours  that  would 
transport  themselves  thither,  with  free  liberty  of  relig- 
ion, and  all  other  privileges  which  the  place  afforded, 
paying  such  annual  rent  as  should  be  agreed  upon ;" 
but  the  offer  was  not  accepted,  nor  did  any  remove 
thither.  The  great  speculation,  or  rather  enterprise  he 
had  promoted  (La  Tour's,)  about  that  time  may  have 
prevented.  The  articles  of  that  disastrous  agreement  are 
recorded  in  the  Registry  of  Suffolk,  vol.  I.  7.  He  was 
probably  encouraged  to  that  enterprise  by  the  counte- 
nance of  Gov.  Winthrop,  who  afterwards  was  much 
blamed  for  his  conduct  by  the  constituted  authorities, 
considering  it  as  a  violation  of  neutrality.  If  the  under- 
taking had  proved  successful,  Gibbens,  who  embarked 
largely,  and  finally  lost  all,*  would  have  realized  probably 
a  large  fortune  ;  but  as  Hawkins,  a  member,  was  mas- 
ter and  part  owner  of  the  ships  employed,  a  more  par- 
ticular description  of  the  failure  of  the  expedition  will 
be  related  when  we  come  to  speak  of  him  as  a  member. 
He  commanded  the  expedition  of  the  united  colonies 
against  the  Narragansett  Indians,  in  1645. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  SPENCER,  the  sixteenth  on  the  roll, 
and  fourth  named  in  the  charter,  was  a  merchant,  and 
lived  in  Cambridge.  He  was  admitted  freeman  4th 
March,  1632-3,  and  elected  a  Representative  from 
Cambridge,  at  the  first  General  Court,  1634  to  1638,  five 
years,  and  must  have  been  a  Deputy  when  the  charter 
was  granted.  It  does  not  appear  he  held  any  military 

*  In  one  instance  he  loat,  by  La  Tour,  £ 2500. 


63 

office  higher  than  Lieutenant  of  the  band,  Cambridge, 
then  called  Newton,  1636,  under  Capt.  George  Cooke. 
Probably  he  was  advanced  in  life.  No  other  informa- 
tion can  be  found  relative  to  him  ;  his  name,  however, 
being  associated  with  Keayne  and  Sedgwick  in  the 
charter,  shows  he  must  have  been  a  man  of  conse- 
quence, and  ought  to  preserve  his  name  forever  from 
oblivion. 

CAPT.  ROBERT  HARDINGE.  This  name  is  spelt  Hard- 
ing, by  Farmer.  It  appears  on  the  old  roll  as  No.  17, 
and  is  spelt  there,  and  in  various  places  on  the  old  re- 
cords of  Boston,  as  I  have  spelt  it.  He  was  admitted 
freeman,  May  18th,  1631.  Savage  thinks  he  came  in 
the  fleet  with  Winthrop.  He  lived  in  Boston,  and  was 
one  of  the  first  Board  of  Selectmen  elected  there.  He 
was  Ensign  of  the  voluntary  train  band  of  Boston,  1636, 
under  Capt.  Underbill  and  Lieut.  Gibbons.  He  was 
one  of  those  disarmed,  for  his  heterodoxy,  by  order  of 
court,  in  1637,  and  must  have  been  one  of  those,  men- 
tioned by  Winthrop  as  among  the  officers  of  the  mili- 
tary, who.  made  their  recantation,  or  his  name  also 
would  not  have  been  among  the  charter  members.  It 
seems  the  Governor,  &c.  sent  for  them  and  questioned 
them.  Their  standing  and  characters  rendered  it  expe- 
dient the  constituted  authorities  should  bring  them  over 
to  the  faith  as  early  as  possible,  for,  situated  as  the 
country  was,  exposed  to  the  merciless  savages  without, 
and  dissentions  within,  the  officers  of  the  military,  the 
only  skilled  in  tactics,  were  absolutely  necessary  for 
their  preservation,  and  the  ruling  powers  had  not  then 
sufficient  confidence  in  their  party  to  venture  very  se- 
vere measures.  Hardinge,  however,  was  probably  a 
backslider  from  the  faith,  notwithstanding  he  might 
have  recanted ;  for  he  went  to  Rhode  Island,  with  oth- 


64 

ers  who  were  banished,  where,  in  1641,  he  became  an 
assistant  of  that  colony.* 

ENSIGN  THOMAS  CAKEBREAD,  the  eighteenth  on  the 
roll,  and  a  charter  member,  was  made  freeman,  May 
14th,  1634.  He  first  resided  at  Boston,  but  afterwards 
removed  to  Sudbury,  where  he  was  elected  Ensign  of 
the  first  voluntary  train  band.  His  name  is  mentioned 
as  the  Ensign  of  that  band,  at  the  organization  of  the 
militia,  1644.  Farmer  says  he  died  there,  January  4th, 
1643;  probably  he  means  1643-4. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  HOLMAN,  Dorchester,  where  he  was 
Ensign  of  the  first  voluntary  train  band,  1636,  under 
Capt.  Stoughton  and  Lieut.  Duncan.  We  have  no 
other  information  of  this  charter  member,  who  stands 
nineteenth  on  the  roll. 

RICHARD  COLLICOT,  spelt  Collocott  in  the  list  of  free- 
men, admitted  March  4th,  1632-3,  is  twentieth  on  the 
roll,  and  a  charter  member.  He  was  a  merchant,  and 
never  bore  any  military  commission  that  can  now  be 
ascertained.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Dorchester 
Church,  and  Representative  from  that  town,  1637,  and 
probably  afterwards  and  when  the  charter  was  granted. 
He  afterwards  removed  to  Boston,  and  was  the  Repre- 
sentative from  Saco  in  1672.  He  was  living  in  Novem- 
ber, 1682,  aged  75,  and  gave  a  deposition.  His  will  is 
dated  April  23d,  1681,  and  approved  August  26th,  1686. 
His  estate  was  not  finally  settled  until  administration 
de  bonis  non,  March  14th,  1719.  In  a  note  to  Mrs. 
Hutchinson's  trial,  he  is  said  "  to  be  an  inhabitant  of 
Boston,  and  a  principal  merchant;"  he  was  then  a 
Deputy  from  Dorchester,  and  one  of  her  opponents.  If 
a  merchant,  he  exhibited  very  little  of  that  liberality  for 
which  that  profession  is  so  celebrated.  He  had  two 
successive  wives,  and  children  by  both. 

*  See  Callender,  42. 


LIEUT.  (JOSEPH)  PENDLETON.  Of  this  charter  mem- 
ber, the  twenty-first  on  the  roll,  I  have  obtained  no 
information. 

CAPT.  EDWARD  TOMLINS,  the  twenty-second  on  the 
roll,  and  a  charter  member,  was  admitted  freeman,  May 
18th,  16.31,  and  in  that  list  has  the  prefix  of  respect 
He  lived  in  Lynn,  1630,  and  was  a  carpenter  by  occu- 
pation. His  name  is  spelt  by  Farmer,  and  also  in  most 
old  records,  Tomlyns.  He  was  a  Deputy,  in  the  first 
House  of  that  description  in  the  Colony,  1 634,  and  for 
five  several  times  afterwards,  and  was  probably  a  Repre- 
sentative when  the  charter  was  granted.  In  1633,  he 
built  the  first  mill  in  Lynn,  on  Strawberry  Brook,  which 
flows  from  the  Flax  Pond.  At  one  of  the  courts  he 
agreed  to  repair  Mistick  Bridge,  for  £22.  In  1640  he 
went  to  Long  Island,  but  returned  to  Lynn,  and  was 
appointed  Clerk  of  the  Writs,  in  1643.  He  went  to 
London  in  1644,  where  he  resided  some  time,  and  ap- 
pears to  have  been  at  Dublin,  in  Ireland,  in  1679.  In 
1643  he  was  sent,  with  Humphrey  Atherton,  by  the 
court,  to  treat  with  the  Indians  at  Gorton's  plantation, 
(Warwick,  K.  I.)  and  thereupon  catechised  them, 

NICHOLAS  UP  SHALL,  the  twenty-third  on  the  roll,  and 
a  charter  member.  Farmer  spells  his  name  Upsall ;  it 
is  on  the  old  roll  spelt  as  I  have  it,  and  also  so  spelt  on 
his  grave-stone,  in  Copps  Hill  burial-ground.  Close  be- 
side him  lay  the  grave-stones  of  his  wife,  Dorothy,  and 
friend,  Obadiah  Copps,  for  whom  the  hill  is  named.  He 
was  early  admitted  a  member  of  Boston  Church,  and 
freeman,  October  19th,  1630.  He  subsequently  relin- 
quished the  profession  of  arms,  and  finally  became  a 
Quaker ;  and,  for  his  obstinate  adherence  to  his  relig- 
ious sentiments,  was  afterwards,  1641,  sentenced  to  per- 
petual imprisonment;  which  sentence  was  rigidly  en- 


66 

forced,  until  the  tears  and  solicitations  of  his  wife  made 
an  impression  upon  the  rulers,  and  his  punishment  was 
mitigated  to  confinement  in  a  private  house,  in  Dor- 
chester. He  was  again  apprehended,  October,  1656, 
as  government  pretended,  "  for  reproaching  the  Magis- 
trates, and  espousing  the  cause  of  the  Quakers," — fined 
£20,  and  banished  the  Colony.  He  went  to  Plymouth, 
but  returned,  and  died  August  20th,  1666,  aged  70. 
His  wife  died  September  18th,  1675,  aged  73.  His 
inventory,  October  13th,  1666,  after  deducting  debts, 
&c,  amounted  to  £543  1 0 ; — no  inconsiderable  fortune 
for  those  days.  He  left  children.  Property,  moral 
worth,  public  services,  wife,  children,  friends,  cannot 
preserve  a  man  from  the  ruthless  fangs  of  religious  per- 
secution. Our  ancestors,  especially  the  Governor  and 
Magistrates  of  Massachusetts,  paid  strict  regard  to  that 
command  of  scripture,  "  not  to  speak  evil  of  dignities ;" 
and  if  this  and  many  other  cases  are  considered,  pun- 
ished with  relentless  hand  the  least  offensive  freedom  of 
speech  against  the  magisterial  or  ecclesiastical  power. 
They  yet,  during  all  this  time,  deserve  credit  for 
adroitly  shaping  their  course  between  king  and  parlia- 
ment, with  even  more  than  ordinary  Quaker  cunning. 
Upshall  and  wife,  with  their  friend  Copps,  were  buried 
in  that  part  of  Copps  Hill  burial  ground  appropriated 
for  people  of  colour,  and,  until  recently,  occupied  almost 
exclusively  for  such.  The  respectable  Quakers  of  the 
present  day  (Lynn)  have  recently  reclaimed  the  remains 
of  their  former  brethren  from  the  old  Quaker  burial 
ground,  lest  the  rapacious*  hands  of  speculation  should 
trespass  farther.  Why  do  they  not  redeem  the  ashes  of 

*I  liave  attended  a  Quaker  meeting,  to  hear  a  (traveller)  Quaker  preach  in 
their  old  Meeting-house,  and  heard  a  judicious  and  pious  discourse.  The  house 
was  in  the  same  enclosure  of  the  burial  ground,  on  Congress  Street,  formerly  called 
Quaker  Lane,  but  except  that  occnsion,  as  I  daily  passed  by  I  could  not  but  re- 
mark how  it  was  profaned.  Some  of  the  vicinity -pastured  their  cow  there,  and 
.tied  her  up  in  celd  weather  to  feed  near  the  elders'  seats. 


67 

those  who  may  be  considered  among  the  first  martyrs 
of  their  sect  ?  If  our  forefathers  had  treated  the  con- 
scientious Quakers  and  Baptists  of  their  cftiy  with  any 
degree  of  toleration  or  neglect,  their  schism  would  have 
been  of  little  consequence,  and  probably  would  have 
dwindled  into  insignificance,  whereas  we  now  behold 
rent  upon  rent  in  the  garments  of  the  Church ;  but  they 
had  strangled  the  babe  of  Mrs.  Hutchinson's  antinomian 
creation,  by  their  strong  arm  of  orthodox  power,  and 
they  thought  they  were  able  to  crush  every  thought  and 
belief  that  quadrated  not  with  their  own.  They  pro- 
fessed to  evangelize  the  Indians ; — this  is  some  atone- 
ment, but  unluckily  they  had  but  few  Eliots  among 
them. 

CAPT.  EDWARD  JOHNSON,  the  twenty-fourth  and  last 
on  the  roll  of  charter  members,  1637,  was  the  second 
person  admitted  freeman  in  the  Colony,  May  18th, 
1631,  and  has  the  prefix  of  respect  therein,  and  lived 
sometime  in  Charlestown.  He  came  from  Herne  Hill, 
a  parish  in  Kent,  to  New  England,  in  1630.  He  might 
have  been  the  Johnson  who  was  the  first  Ensign  of  the 
volunteer  train  band  in  Roxbury,  but  he  removed  to 
Woburn,  then  called  "  Charlestown  Village,"  and  the 
principal  man  who  established  that  settlement.  The 
Church  in  that  town  was  planted  by  him.  He  was  emi- 
nent in  that  day  for  his  piety  and  learning.  Some  au- 
thors say  he  was  a  clergyman,  yet  they  appear  to  add  a 
doubt:  the  weight  of  evidence  shows  that  he  was  a 
military  man.  The  strong  interest  he  took  in  religion, 
and  his  first  planting  the  Church  in  Woburn,  probably 
gave  rise  to  the  supposition  of  his  being  a  clergyman. 
He  might  also,  as  a  ruling  elder,*  have  officiated  when 
the  place  was  first  settled,  but  never  was  a  regular  or- 
dained clergyman. 

*"  There  were  ruling  elders  in  most  of  the  Churches,  but  not  all,"  says 
Hutchbson. 


68 

He  was  Town  Clerk  of  Woburn  thirty  years,  and 
sustained  various  other  offices.  He  represented  that 
town  twenty-eight  years,  from  1643  to  1671,  excepting 
1648,  and  was  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Deputies  a 
short  time  in  1655.  He  was  Captain  of  the  first  train 
band  formed  there,  and  was  their  Captain  in  Middlesex 
regiment,  at  the  organization  of  the  militia,  1644.  He 
died  April  23d,  1672,  leaving  a  widow,  Susan,  five  sons 
and  two  daughters.  He  was  sent  with  Capt.  George 
Cooke,  Lieut.  Humphrey  Atherton  (as  Ensign  proba- 
bly) in  1643,  with  forty  soldiers,  to  take  Gorton  and  his 
company,  and  after  they  had  set  fire  to  their  houses 
several  times,  which  Gorton's  friends  as  repeatedly  put 
out,  they  took  him  and  most  of  his  adherents,  their  cat- 
tle, &c.  and  brought  them  prisoners  to  Boston.  In  1640 
he,  with  Gov.  Bradstreet,  Dep.  Gov.  Danforth,  and 
Maj.  Gen.  Dennison  and  others,  was  a  Committee  to 
consider  and  report  the  situation  of  public  affairs  in  re- 
lation to  the  patent,  laws,  and  privileges  of  the  Colony. 
In  1662,  he  was  appointed  by  the  General  Court,  with 
Gen.  Gookin,  Danforth,  Maj.  Lusher  and  Capt.  Hill, 
a  Committee  in  relation  to  sending  Messrs.  Bradstreet 
and  Norton  agents  to  England,  upon  the  restoration  of 
Charles  II.  This  committee  met  at  the  Anchor  Tavern, 
in  Boston,  January  4th,  1662,  to  adopt  measures  and 
hasten  the  journey  of  their  agents.  This  was  a  very 
important  subject,  considering  that  by  the  temporizing 
policy  of  the  Massachusetts  during  their  settlement,  as  it 
respects  king  and  parliament,  their  civil  wars,  &c.,  they 
had  every  thing  to  appreheixd  on  the  restoration.  They 
very  prudently  and  cautiously  acknowledged  the  Parlia- 
ment, Oliver  Crpmwell,  &c. ;  from  1656  to  1660  were 
silent,  and  abstained  from  saying  or  doing  any  thing 
that  would  give  offence  to  either  party,  and  declined, 
modestly,  acknowledging  Richard  Cromwell  as  pro- 
tector. Their  instructions,  address  to  the  King,  and 


69 

letters  to  divers  Lords,  are  preserved  in  Hutchinson's 
collections.  Johnson  was  one  of  the  four  to  whom  the 
original  charter,  and  a  duplicate  of  it,  were  delivered 
for  safe  keeping.  The  Colony  Records  give  frequent 
evidence  of  his  public  services,  and  the  confidence  he 
enjoyed  from  the  people. 

He  died  possessed  of  a  large  estate :  that  which  laid 
at  Herne  Hill  and  other  places  in  England  he  gave  to 
several  grandchildren,  and  that  in  America  was  willed 
to  his  children.  William,  his  third  son,  succeeded  him 
as  Representative,  and  was  an  Assistant,  1684,  and 
when  Sir  E.  Andross  arrived.  That  which  has  done 
most  to  preserve  his  name  and  fame,  is  a  work  of  his, 
entitled  "  Wonder- Working  Providence  of  Zion's  Saviour 
in  New  England ;" — a  book  much  resorted  to  and  used 
by  antiquarians  and  historians  of  later  times — a  sort  of 
jumbled  compound  of  much  useful  matter,  civil,  ecclesi- 
astical, military,  and  wonderful  indeed. 

We  have  now  closed  the  list  of  those  associated  as 
members,  1637 — twenty-four  in  number.  Eight  were 
of  Boston,  four  of  Lynn,  three  of  Dorchester,  two  of 
Roxbury,  and  one  each  of  Charlestown,  Cambridge, 
Watertown,  Woburn  and  Sudbury,  and  two  uncertain. 
Sixteen  of  whom  sustained  the  office  of  Representative ; 
two  were  Assistants,  of  Massachusetts ;  one  an  Assist- 
ant, of  Rhode  Island  Colony,  and  one  Governor  of 
part  of  New  Hampshire.  Twenty-two  were  military 
officers  here,  or  in  England,  and  two  private  citizens. 
This  may  refute  an  error  prevalent,  that  the  Company 
is  merely  local,  and  confined  to  Boston.  In  its  origin 
it  certainly  was  composed,  two-thirds  of  out-of-town 
members,  and  the  sequel  will  show  that  it  is  not  even 
confined  to  the  State. 

It  is  proposed,  at  the  end  of  each  year,  to  give  the 
names,  texts,  &c.  of  those  Clergymen  who  preached  the 
Court  election,  or  Artillery  election  sermons ;  and,  when 


70 

arrived  at  later  years,  the  periodical  discourses  on  other 
important  occasions,  at  the  end  of  each  year ; — that  the 
future  antiquarian  may  have  as  correct  and  condensed 
list  as  is  now  possible  to  be  obtained.  Many  of  the 
earliest  are  not  to  be  ascertained  now,  but  under  this 
year  will  be  given  those  few  already  delivered.  No 
doubt  the  Company  had  a  sermon  delivered  at  their 
election  day,  from  the  first;  it  is  to  be  hoped  it  will 
never  be  dispensed  with. 

1638. 

LIEUT.  (THOMAS)  FRENCH,  (JR.) — Boston,  freeman, 
1632,  and  member  of  the  First  Church,  from  whence  he 
was  dismissed,  January  27th,  1639,  to  Ipswich,  where 
he  appears  to  have  resided  as  early  as  1634.  He  was 
Ensign  of  the  Company  in  1650. 

CAPT.  (WILLIAM)  FEMYS.     On  the   oldest  roll  and 

list  of  officers  the  name  appears  as  Capt. Femys, 

and  the  name  William  is  adopted  on  probability,  having 
met  with  it  but  once,  and  that  obscurely.  I  have  not 
obtained  any  information  respecting  him.  He  might  be 
one  of  those  who  became  early  discontented,  and  there- 
fore returned  to  England.  He  was  Lieutenant  of  the 
Company,  1640. 

LIEUT.  EDWARD  WINSHIP,  Cambridge,  freeman,  1635, 
was  Representative,  1663,  1664,  1681  to  1686 — eight 
years.  He  had  five  sons  and  seven  daughters.  This 
name  is  now  spelt  Windship,  and  some  of  his  posterity 
are  living  in  Brighton,  formerly  a  part  of  Cambridge. 
He  died  December  2d,  1688,  aged  76. 

THOMAS  STRAWBRIDGE.  Of  him  there  is  no  infor- 
mation. 

THOMAS  MAKEPIECE,  Boston.  All  I  find  of  this  man 
is,  Court  Records,  vol.  I.  240,  "because  of  his  novel 


71 

disposition,  was  informed,  we  were  weary  of  him,  unless 
he  reform."  Hence  I  suppose  he  was  a  man  of  liberal 
sentiments,  and  of  some  consequence.  At  the  same 
court  one  was  whipped,*  eleven  stripes,  for  saying, 
"  some  of  the  ministers  in  the  Bay  were  Brownists." 
Makepeace  was  in  favor  of  a  free  church.  He  was  one 
of  the  patentees  and  signers  of  the  petitioners  for  Dover, 
N.  H.,  to  come  under  the  Massachusetts,  1641. 

MAJ.  BENJAMIN  KEAYNE,  Boston,  merchant,  admitted 
freeman,  1639,  and  has  the  prefix  of  respect.  He  was 
the  only  son  of  Capt.  Robert  Keayne,  founder  of  the 
Company,  and  married  a  daughter  of  Gov.  Dudley,  "  an 
unhappy  and  uncomfortable  match,"  as  his  father  speaks 
of,  in  his  famous  will.  "  This  union,  with  other  unfa- 
vorable circumstances,"  says  Savage,  "perhaps  com- 
pelled the  son  to  return  to  the  land  of  his  fathers."  In 
England,  he  repudiated  his  wife,  and  died  there,  as  sup- 
posed, 1668.  He  gained  his  title  in  England,  probably.f 

LIEUT.  JOHN  WHITTINGHAM,  Ipswich.  This  name  is 
spelt  Wittingham  on  the  old  roll  and  in  the  former  edi- 
tion. He  was  son  of  Baruch,  and  grandson  of  Rev. 
William  Whittingham,  the  famous  puritan  minister,  in 
the  reign  of  Queen  Mary,  who,  it  is  said,  married  a 
daughter  of  John  Calvin.  He  came  to  New  England 
with  his  mother,  from  Lincolnshire.  He  was  Lieutenant 
of  the  Ipswich  volunteer  train  band;  for,  in  the  year 
1644,  at  the  organization  of  the  militia,  that  office  is 
represented  in  the  Colony  Records  as  vacant,  by  reason 
of  his  death. 

*  As  a  similar  instance  of  excessive  punishment  in  those  days,  I  find  that  a 
"  Capt.  Stow,  for  abusing  Mr.  Ludlow,  (a  Magistrate,)  by  calling  him  a  Justass,  is 
fined  £100,  apd  prohibited  coming  within  the  patent,  without  the  Governor's 
leave,  upon  pain  of  death." 

t  Savage  is  in  an  error,  that  administration  on  R.  Keayne,  his  father's  e=tate, 
was  granted  to  his  son-in-law  ;"  for  Samuel  Cole,  who  was  probably  his  son-in- 
law,  died  in  1666.  See  ante. 


72 

x 

WILLIAM  BALLARD,  Lynn.  He  was  a  farmer,  and 
lived  in  Lynn,  on  the  Boston  road,  a  little  west  of  Sau- 
gus  river;  was  admitted  freeman,  1638,  and  the  same 
year  was  member  of  the  Quarterly  Court,  at  Salem. 
He  had  children,  and  removed  afterwards  to  Andover. 
There  is  a  will,  in  Suffolk  Records,  of  a  William  Bal- 
lard,  dated  July  5th,  1679,  and  approved  March  17th, 
1686-7,  and  an  administration  of  a  William  Ballard's 
estate,  as  of  Charlestovvn,  aged  85. 

ROBERT  SALTONSTALL,  son  of  Sir  Richard,  was  one 
who  signed  as  a  patentee  and  petitioner  for  Dover  to 
come  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Massachusetts,  1641. 
He  is  therein  styled  gentleman,  and  probably  bore  a 
commission  in  England. 

JAMES  ASTWOOD,  Dorchester,  merchant,  freeman, 
1639,  was  probably  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Second 
Church,  in  Boston. 

ENSIGN  ROBERT  SCOT,  Boston,  freeman,  1636. 

RICHARD  WAITE,  Boston,  tailor,  was  a  member  of  the 
Church,  1633;  freeman,  1637;  probably  removed  to 
Watertown,  where  sons  of  Richard  Waite  were  born 
in  1639  and  1641.  He  was  a  Representative. 

CAPT.  JOHN  JOHNSON,  Roxbury,  requested  to  be  ad- 
mitted freeman,  Oct.  19th,  1630;  Deputy  in  the  first 
House  of  Representatives,  1634,  and  for  fifteen  years 
afterwards,  consequently  a  Deputy  when  the  charter 
was  granted.  He  was  appointed  Surveyor  General  of 
Arms,  1644.  He  was  one  of  the  embryo  parliament  in 
1632,  "  for  every  town  chose  two  men  to  be  at  the  next 
court,  to  advise  with  the  Governor  and  Assistants,  about 
the  raising  of  a  public  stock,  so  as  what  they  should 
agree  upon  should  bind  all,  &c."  J.  Johnson  was  one 
from  Roxbury.*  He  was  the  person  designated  by  court 

*  Richard  Wright,  Ar.  Co.  1643,  was  one  from  Lynn  ;  Edward  Gibbens  and 
Abraham  Palmer,  from  Charlestown  ;  William  Spencer,  from  Newton. 


73 

by  the  title  of  Goodman  Johnson,  to  whom  the  Roxbury 
men  disarmed  in  Mrs.  Hutchinson's  case,  were  to  de- 
liver their  arms.  He  was  appointed,  with  Woodward, 
Sept.  6th,  1638,  "if  he  can  spare  time,  or  another  to  be 
got  in  room,  to  lay  out  the  most  southernmost  part  of 
Charles  River,  and  to  have  five  shillings  a  day  a  piece." 

He  had  his  house  burnt  down,  1845,  2*  mo.  6th. 
Winthrop  says,  "  John  Johnson,  the  Surveyor  General 
of  the  Ammunition,  a  very  industrious  and  faithful  man 
in  his  place,  having  built  a  fair  house  in  the  midst  of  the 
town,  with  divers  barns  and  other  out  houses,  it  fell  on 
fire  in  the  day  time,  no  man  knowing  by  what  occasion, 
and  there  being  in  it  seventeen  barrels  of  the  country's 
powder  and  many  arms,  all  was  suddenly  burnt  and 
blown  up,  to  the  value  of  4  or  £500,  wherein  a  special 
providence  of  God  appeared,  for  he  being  from  home, 
the  people  came  together  to  help,  and  many  were  in 
the  house,  no  man  thinking  of  the  powder,  till  one  of 
the  company  put  them  in  mind  of  it,  whereupon  they 
all  withdrew,  and  soon  after  the  powder  took  fire,  and 
blew  up  all  about  it,  and  shook  the  houses  in  Boston 
and  Cambridge,  so  as  men  thought  it  had  been  an 
earthquake.  There  being  then  a  stiff  gale  south,  it 
drove  the  fire  from  the  other  houses  in  the  town,  (for 
this  was  the  most  northerly,)  otherwise  it  had  endan- 
gered the  greatest  part  of  the  town.  This  loss  of  our 
powder  was  the  more  observable,  in  two  respects : 
1st.  Because  the  court  had  not  taken  that  care  they 
ought,  to  pay  for  it,  having  been  owing  for  divers  years. 
2d.  In  that,  at  the  court  before,  they  had  refused  to 
help  our  countrymen  in  Virginia,  who  had  written  to  us 
for  some  for  their  defence  against  the  Indians,  and  also 
to  help  our  brethren  of  Plimouth  in  their  want." 

Johnson  was  "  chosen  constable  of  Rocksbury"  as 
early  as  Sept.  19th,  1630.  It  was  then  the  custom  to 

*  Hutchinson  says  it  was  Feb.  26th,  1644. 
10 


74 

choose  the  best  men  for  that  office.  He  died  Sept. 
29th,  1659.  His  will  is  dated  30th  of  7th  mo.  1659,* 
proved  15th  of  8th  mo.  of  same  year,  wherein  he  gives 
his  dwelling  house  and  lands  to  his  wife,  during  her  life, 
and  after,  "  unto  my  five  children,  to  be  equally  divided, 
my  eldest  son  having  a  double  portion  therein,  accord- 
ing to  the  Word  of  God." 

WILLIAM  PARKS,  Roxbury,  freeman,  1631 .  He  proba- 
bly accompanied  Gov.  Winthrop  in  the  fleet,  and  in  that 
list  has  the  prefix  of  respect ;  the  name  is  therein  spelt 
Parke,  and  is  erroneously  spelt  Parker  by  Johnson  and 
in  2  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.  IV.  25.  He  was  Deacon  of 
the  Church,  and  Representative  in  1635  and  thirty-two 
years  afterwards,  until  1679,  and  consequently  a  Deputy 
when  the  charter  was  granted.  He  died  May  llth, 
1685.  Johnson  says  "  he  was  a  man  of  a  pregnant  un- 
derstanding, and  very  useful  in  his  place." 

ISAAC  MORRIL,  Roxbury,  freeman,  was  born  in  Eng- 
land in  1588,  came  to  New  England  as  early  as  1632, 
and  died  October  18th,  1662,  aged  74. 

ENSIGN  HEZEKIAH  USHER,  Cambridge,  freeman,  1639, 
removed  to  Boston  1646.  He  was  Representative  for 
Billerica,  1671,  1672  and  1673,  and  died  in  May,  1676. 
His  tomb  is  in  the  Chapel  burial-ground,  now  the  prop- 
erty of  the  Francis  family.  Col.  Shrimpton,  Ar.  Co. 
1670,  married  one  of  his  daughters.  His  son  Hezekiah, 
Ar.  Co.  1665,  and  his  son  Col.  John,  Ar.  Co.  1673. 
His  will  was  made,  1676.  He  was  Ensign  of  the  Com- 
pany in  1664.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  and  mem- 
bers of  the  Old  South  Church. 

t 

CAPT.  RICHARD  WALKER,  Lynn,  farmer.  He  resided 
on  the  west  of  Saugus  river.  The  Christian  name  be- 

*  There  is  some  apparent  discrepancy  in  these  dates,  but  the  will  may  have  been 
written  just  before  his  death,  which  may  have  been  in  the  night. 


75 

«  4 

ing  blank  in  the  old  roll,  Robert  was  inserted  errone- 
ously in  the  former  edition.  He  was  admitted  freeman, 
1634.  He  was  Ensign  of  the  volunteer  train  band  in 
Saugus  (Lynn)  in  1631 ;  afterwards  a  Lieutenant  and 
Captain.  He  was  Representative  in  1640  and  1641, 
and  died  in  May,  1687,  aged  95. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  PERKINS,  Weymouth,  freeman,  1634, 
was  Captain  of  the  military  band,  1644,  and  represented 
the  town  that  year.  As  many  of  the  Weymouth  people 
removed  to  Bridgewater  and  were  the  original  proprie- 
tors there,  and  the  name  is  common  there,  it  is  probable 
he  was  one  of  them. 

THOMAS  CHEESEHOLM,  Cambridge,  freeman,  1636; 
Deacon  of  the  Church.  The  name  Chisolm  exists  in 
New  England. 

JOHN  MOORE,  Cambridge,  1636.  There  were  three 
of  that  name  admitted  freemen,  in  1631,  1633,  and 
1636. 

EDWARD  MITCHELSON,  Cambridge,  1636.  His  name 
appears  on  the  old  roll  as  Michison,  and  therefore  erro- 
neously so  spelt  in  the  former  edition. 

WILLIAM  CUTTER,  freeman,  1633. 

CAPT.  (RICHARD)  JENNINGS,  born  at  Ipswich,  in  Eng- 
land, and  came  over  with  Rev.  Nathaniel  Rogers  in 
1636,  but  returned  home  in  1639. 

ABRAHAM  MORRILL,  Cambridge,  1632,  erroneously 
spelt  in  the  former  edition,  Abram  Morrell.  He  re- 
moved to  Salisbury,  and  there  died,  1662. 

PHILIP  ELLIOT — spelt  by  Farmer,  Eliot — Roxbury, 
freeman  1636.  He  was  brother  to  the  Apostle  to  the 
Indians,  and  was  deacon  of  his  church.  He  was  Rep- 
resentative, 1654,  and  three  years  after,  and  was  a  gen- 
tleman of  some  distinction.  His  will  was  made  October 


76 

21st,  1657,  and  proved  February  llth,  next  after.     He 
died  October  24th,  1657. 

(JOHN)  GREEN.  The  Christian  name  is  wanting  on 
the  old  roll,  and  Richard  was  adopted,  upon  slight  in- 
formation, in  the  first  edition. 

ROBERT  SAUNDERS,  Cambridge,  freeman  1639.  In- 
ventory and  administration,  Suffolk  Prob.  Rec.  March 
13th,  1682-3.  There  was  a  Robert  Saunders,  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Old  South  Church. 

STEPHEN  GREENSMITH,  probably  of  Boston,  freeman. 
At  the  General  Court,  1st  mo.  9th,  1636,  "  One  Stephen 
Greensmith,  for  .saying  that  all  the  ministers,  except 
A.  B.  C.  (Cotton,  Wheelwright,  and,  as  he  thought, 
Hooker,)  did  teach  a  covenant  of  works,  was  censured 
to  acknowledge  his  fault  in  every  church,  and  fined 
£40."  His  sentence  also  required  sureties  in  £100.  In 
the  Addenda  of  Winthrop,  7th,  25,  "  James  Penn  and 
Edward  Bendell  of  Boston,  did  bind  themselves,  their 
heirs  and  executors,  to  pay  unto  the  Treasurer,  within 
three  months,  £40,  for  the  fine  of  Stephen  Greensmith." 
Savage  observes  :  "  Marks  are  drawn  across  this  para- 
graph, but  it  is  evident  that  it  was  designed  by  the  au- 
thor to  express  the  discharge  of  the  obligation  ;  for  in 
the  margin  is  written" — "  paid  by  £20  in  wampum,  and 
£20  by  debt  to  Robert  Saltonstall."  He  must  have 
been  a  man  of  some  note,  if  we  consider  his  sureties. 
He  appealed  to  the  King,  but  the  Court  in  all  cases  dis- 
allowed appeals,  and  he  was  committed  until— sentence 
be  performed.  Alas !  how  cruel  is  ecclesiastical  bond- 
age !  May  not  Papists  even  cry  out  against  us  ?  This 
man  had  no  money — for  he  paid  his  fine  by  strings  of 
Indian  beads,  and  contracting  a  debt  to  the  benevolent 
Saltonstall,  who  probably  lent  him  or  advanced  the  re- 
mainder to  liberate  him  from  prison. 


77 

ARTHUR  PERRY,  Boston,  freeman  1640.  He  was 
long  known  as  town  drummer,  and  is  for  many  years 
recorded  in  the  list.of  officers  as  Drummer  to  the  Com- 
pany. It  was  no  inferior  office,  rest  assured,  gentle 
reader  ;  for,  as  the  town  then  had  no  bells,  he  used — 
for  it  then  was  the  custom — to  beat  his  drum  round 
town  to  call  the  gentlefolk  to  meeting  on  Sunday,  to 
lectures,  &c.  &c. ;  and  the  office  was  of  so  much  con- 
sequence that  he  received  an  annual  stipend  from  the 
town  of  £5, — and  the  loss  of  such  a  valuable  officer  was 
provided  against  in  1643,  by  making  provision  at  the 
public  charge  for  the  instruction  of  such  as  were  candi- 
dates to  become  his  successors.*  His  son  Seth  was  a 
member  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1662.  He  owned  a  valuable 
estate  in  School  street,  between  the  corners  of  Wash- 
ington street  and  Common  strcet,f  probably  about 
where  the  2d  Universalist  meeting-house  stands;  and 
there  he  died,  October  9th,  1652. 

JOHN  AUDLIN,  Boston,  freeman  1634.  Spelt  by  Far- 
mer, Odlin.  He  was  one  of  the  first  settlers  of  Boston. 
He  died  December  18th,  1685,  aged  83.  He  was  one 
of  the  persons  disarmed  on  account  of  his  adherence  to 
Mrs.  Hutchinson.  He  gave  a  deposition,  June  10th, 
1684,  printed  in  Snow's  History  of  Boston,  p.  50. 

JOHN  STOW,  Roxbury,  freeman  1634 ;  Representa- 
tive 1639. 

JOHN  WINCHESTER,  Muddy  River,  now  called  Brook- 
line  ;  freeman  1637.  On  the  old  roll  he  has  no  Christ- 
ian name,  and  Richard  was  adopted  by  mistake,  in  the 
first  edition.  He  died  April  25th,  1 694,  aged  upwards 
of  80. 

*  The  erection  of  Pews  on  the  ground  floor  of  meeting-houses  was  a  New  Eng- 
land invention.  Some  of  onr  first  meeting-houses  in  Boston,  that  had  pews,  had 
no  broad  or  other  aisle,  but  were  entered  from  without  by  a  door,  the  owner 
keeping  the  key. 

t  Now  Tremont  street. 


78 

CAPT.  NATHANIEL  DUNCAN,  Dorchester,  merchant; 
freeman  1635.  Nathaniel,  Jr,  his  son,  was  of  Ar.  Co. 
1642,  and  his  son  Peter,  Ar.  Co.  1654.  He  was  the 
fifty-seventh  on  the  roll,  and  second  named  in  the  char- 
ter. He  was  Lieutenant  of  the  first  volunteer  train- 
band in  Dorchester  and  in  Stoughton,  in  1636,  and 
afterwards  Captain.  He  was  one  of  the  first  settlers  at 
Dorchester,  and  represented  that  town  many  years  in 
the  General  Court,  particularly  the  year  the  charter 
was  granted.  It  does  not  appear  he  ever  sustained  any 
office  in  the  Company,  and  he  was  probably  advanced 
in  years,  for  he  is  not  mentioned  as  in  any  military 
office  at  the  organization  of  the  Militia,  1644.  John- 
son says,  "  he  was  learned  in  the  Latin  and  French 
tongues,  and  a  very  good  accountant ;  wherefore  he 
was  called  to  the  place  of  Auditor  General  for  the  coun- 
try." Thus  it  appears  the  charter  was  granted  to  four 
persons,  one  in  each  of  the  principal  towns  in  the  col- 
ony, with  their  associates,  and  also  may  serve  to  correct 
the  mistaken  idea  prevalent,  that  the  Company,  in  its 
origin  or  progress,  has  been  confined  to  Boston.  By 
supposing  all  down  to  Duncan  on  the  roll  to  have  been 
charter  members,  it  follows  that  one  Assistant  and 
eleven  Deputies,  which  have  then  consisted  of  only  be- 
tween thirty  and  forty,  were  among  those  to  whom  the 
charter  was  granted. 

THOMAS  STOW,  Braintree. 

WILLIAM  WILCOX,  Cambridge;  freeman  1636;  died 
there,  November  28th,  1653. 

MAJ.  GEN.  HUMPHREY  ATHERTON,  Dorchester;  free- 
man May  2d,  1 638 ;  came,  it  is  supposed,  from  Lan- 
cashire. He  signed  the  covenant  of  Dorchester  Church 
in  1636.  In  September,  1638,  he  was  a  Deputy  to  the 
General  Court  from  Dorchester,  and  nine  years  after- 
wards, to  1 65 1 .  In  1653,  he  represented  Springfield, 


79 

in  which  town,  it  is  supposed,  he  had  an  interest ;  and 
the  same  year  was  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Deputies, 
and  elected  an  Assistant  in  1654,  which  office  he  held 
until  his  death,  September  16th,  1661.  At  the  organi- 
zation of  the  Militia,  1644,  he  was  Captain  of  the  Dor- 
chester Band,  having  previously  been  Lieutenant,  and 
succeeded  Major  Gibbens  as  Serjeant-major  of  the  Suf- 
folk Regiment,  on  his  promotion  to  be  Major-General, 
in  1649  ;  and  he  continued  in  that  office  until  he  suc- 
ceeded General  Daniel  Dennison,  in  1566,  as  Major- 
General,  and  that  office  he  held  also  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  which  was  September  17th,  1661.  Boston  Re- 
cords say  he  died  17th  September,  about  one  o'clock, 
A.  M.*  (says  a  manuscript  note  of  John  Hull.)  The  in- 
scription copied  into  Alden's  Collection  of  Epitaphs, 
says  the  16th.  Tradition  reports  his  death  to  have  been 
caused  by  a  fall  from  his  horse,  in  consequence  of  riding 
over  a  cow,  while  attending  a  military  review  on  Boston 
Common  ; — another  account  of  the  accident  is,  that  it 
happened  on  Boston  Neck,  on  his  return  from  the  re- 
view. Hubbard  says,  speaking  of  the  matter,  "  likewise 
was  called  to  conflict  with  the  strife  of  tongues,  and  the 
manner  of  his  death  also  noted  as  a  judgment."! 

Johnson  says  :  "  Although  he  be  slow  of  speech,  yet 
is  he  downright  for  the  business — one  of  a  cheerful 
spirit  and  entire  for  the  country."  He  is  also  said  to 
be  "  a  man  of  courage  and  presence  of  mind ;"  for  he 
was  sent  with  twenty  men  to  Pessacus,  an  Indian 
sachem,  to  demand  the  arrears  of  300  fathom  of  wam- 
pum. Pessacus  put  him  off  for  some  time  with  dilatory 
answers,  not  suffering  Atherton  to  come  into  his  pres- 

*  This  may  account  for  the  apparent  discrepancy,  it  being  the  night  of  the  16th — 
17th. 

t  Our  ancestors  considered  all  remarkables,  or  accidents,  as  judgments,  and 
especially  if  they  befell  their  adversarie  sin  religions,  or  subtle  and  metaphysical 
distinctions  in  matter  of  doctrine.  Most  of  them  are  too  absurd,  trifling  and  ridic- 
ulous for  notice. 


80 

ence.  He  carried  his  twenty  men  to  the  door  of  the 
wigwam,  entered  himself  with  his  pistol  in  his  hand, 
leaving  his  men  without,  and  seizing  Pessacus  by  the 
hair  of  his  head,  drew  him  from  the  midst  of  a  great 
number  of  his  attendants,  threatening,  if  any  one  of 
them  dared  to  stir,  ho  would  dispatch  him.  Pessacus 
presently  paid  down  what  was  demanded,  and  the  Eng- 
lish returned  in  safety.  His  descendants  remain  in 
Norfolk  County.  He  sustained  the  office  of  Sergeant 
in  the  Company ;  also,  Ensign,  in  1645 ;  Lieutenant, 
1646;  Captain,  1650,  and  Captain  a  second  time  in 
1658.  Savage  says,  "he  deserves  much  honor  in  our 
early  annals.  He  was  sent,  with  Edward  Tomlyns,  in 
1643,  by  the  Court,  to  treat  with  Miantunnomoh,  Sa- 
chem of  the  Narragansett  Indians,  and  questioned  them 
on  the  ten  commandments ;  and  a  second  embassy, 
1648,  with  Hugh  Prichard;  also,  at  another  time,  with 
George  Cooke  and  Edward  Johnson.  He  named  his 
children  singularly,  viz,  Jonathan,  Rest,  Increase, 
Thankful,  Hope,  Consider,  Watching,  Patience.*  His 
inventory,  beside  land,  a  farm  at  Worronow  700  acres, 
was  £838.  Administration  was  granted  "  at  the  Gov- 
ernor's house,"  September  27th,  1661;  and  July  6th, 
1662,  his  estate  was  divided  between  his  widow  and 
children. 

His  epitaph,  on  the  grave-stone  in  Dorchester  burial- 
ground,  is  worthy  of  being  preserved  for  its  singularity, 
and  to  show  the  standard  of  New  England  poetry,  of 
that  period,  viz : 

"  Here  lies  our  Captain,  and  Major  of  Suffolk  was  withal, 

A  goodly  magistrate  was  he,  and  Major  General. 

Two  troops  of  horse  with  him  here  came,  such  love  his  worth  did  crave, 

Ten  companies  of  foot,  also  mourning,  marched  to  his  grave. 

Let  all,  who  read,  be  sure  to  keep  the  truth,  as  he  has  done; 

With  Christ  he  now  is  crowned;  his  name  was  Humphrey  Atherton." 

*  One  would  think  the  whole  race  of  Praise  God  Bnrebones  were  let  loose  in 
one  generation,  if  we  did  not  know  of  some  such  fantastical  names  in  our  own  day. 
There  is  now  a  distinguished  (man)  Preserved  Fish,  in  New  York. 


81 
.*,. 

DAVID  OF>LEY,  Boston. 

(JOHN)  HARRISON,  Boston;  freeman  1641.  The 
Christian  name  is  blank  in  the  old  roll,  and  Edward 
was  adopted  in  the  last  edition.  1  am  much  better  per- 
suaded it  should  be  John,  and  by  better  evidence. 

CAPT.  JOHN  HULL,  Boston;  freeman  1632.  He  was 
son  of  Robert  Hull,  and  father  of  Capt.  John,  Ar.  Co. 
1660.  It  is  an  error  in  the  first  edition  to  assign  any 
of  the  Company's  offices  to  the  John  Hull  of  this  year  ; 
they  belong  exclusively  to  John  of  1660.  He  never 
sustained  any  other  office  except  Sergeant.  His  inven- 
tory dated  30th  5  mo.  1670— total  £82  12.  He  died 
July  28,  1666,  aged  73. 

MA.I.  THOMAS  CLARKE,  Boston  ;  freeman  1638  ;  mer- 
chant. He  was  Captain  of  the  Boston  Militia,  and  suc- 
ceeded Major  Lusher  as  Sergeant-major,  1672.  He 
was  elected  a  Deputy  from  Boston,  1651,  and  the  seven 
succeeding  years,  and  again  in  1663,  and  the  next  fol- 
lowing nine  years — eighteen  years  in  all;  and  was 
Speaker  of  the  Hotfse  of  Deputies  a  part  of  the  year 
1751.  In  1662,  he  represented  some  other  town,  and 
was  again  Speaker;  also  was  Speaker  in  1665,  1669, 
1670  and  1672.  In  1673,  he  was  elected  an  Assistant, 
and  continued  in  that  office  until  his  decease,  March 
13th,  1683.  Farmer  says  he  was  Assistant  only  five 
years.  He  was  one  of  the  two  Deputies  (to  his  honor 
be  it  remembered)  who  entered  their  dissent  against  the 
law  of  1656,  punishing  with  death  all  Quakers  who 
should  return  to  Massachusetts  after  banishment.  He 
was  one  of  the  four  (1664)  to  whom  the  charter  was 
delivered  for  safety.* 

• 

Upon  the  division  of  the  Suffolk  Regiment,  1680, 
Boston  constituted  the  first  Regiment,  under  Clarke, 

*  Major  Clarke,  in  behalf  of  Massachusetts  Colony,  accompanied  the  King's 
.  Commissioners  to  Manhadoes,  surrendered  August  2?th,  1664- 
11 


82 

and  that  part  of  Suffolk  now  the  County  of  Norfolk, 
was  created  a  new  Regiment,  under  William  Stoughton. 
At  the  same  time,  Essex  and  Middlesex  Regiments  were 
divided  also.  In  1653,  he,  with  Thomas  Lake,  acting 
as  attornies  of  David  Yale,  conveyed  the  beautiful  es- 
tate late  belonging  to  Gardiner  Greene,  Esq.  said  to 
contain  two  acres,  more  or  less,  and  extending  to  Sud- 
bury  street,  to  Hezekiah  Usher,  for  the  use  of  Capt. 
John  Wall,  of  London,  mariner.  Major  Clarke's  will 
was  dated  May  1680,  and  proved  March  22d,  1682. 
He  was  buried,  says  an  old  Almanack,  March  19th, 
1683,  with  military  honors.  He  was  Sergeant  of  the 
Company,  and  twice  elected  Lieutenant,  1639  and 
1651  ;  and  twice  Captain,  in  1653  and  1665.  Major 
John  Richards  was  his  executor.  His  wharf  was  near 
Hancock's  wharf.  Clarke  street  derives  its  name  from 
him. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  HAWKINS,  Dorchester,  afterwards  of 
Boston  ;  freeman  1639.  He  was  a  merchant  and  ship 
master.  He  was  a  Deputy  in  1639,  from  Dorchester 
probably  ;  and  in  1644  was  colleague  Deputy  from 
Boston  with  Gibbons.  He  came  to  this  country  in  the 
fleet  with  Winthrop.  He  was  jointly  concerned  with 
Gibbons  in  helping  La  Tour,  and  commanded  about  70 
men,  who  joined  in  the  expedition  under  him  as  Com- 
mander-in-Chief,  in  1643,  He  would  not  gratify  La 
Tour  by  breaking  neutrality  and  fighting  D'Aulney,  but 
gave  leave  to  his  men  to  volunteer,  who  burnt  his  mill 
and  some  standing  corn,  and  returned  safely  to  Boston 
with  his  ships,  bringing  400  moose  skins  and  400  bea- 
ver skins.  He  died  abroad,  about  1654.  He  was  elect- 
ed Lieutenant  of  the  Company  1642,  again  1643,  and 
Captain  1644 ;  being  the  only  instance  known  of  the 
like  in  the  Company.  He  was  doubtless  distinguished 
for  other  valuable  qualities  besides  his  enterprise.  His 


83 

inventory,  taken  July  26th,  1654,  speaks  of  a  house, 
barn,  and  180  acres  of  land  at  Dorchester,  over  the 
water,  which  I  take  to  be  South  Boston,  valued  at 
£257  ;  house  and  land  at  Boston,  £200 ;  one  half  ship 
Perigrine,  in  England,  £75 — the  whole  inventory,  £900. 
He  had  a  son,  Thomas,  Ar.  Co.  1649. 

MAJ.  NEHEMIAH  BOURNE,  Boston,  shipwright ;  free- 
man 1641.  He  went  to  England  in  the  winter  of 
1644-5,  and  was.  appointed  a  Major  in  Col.  Rainsbur- 
row's  Regiment,  in  the  Parliament's  service,  during  the 
civil  wars.  He  returned  to  his  wife  and  family  in  1645, 
and  again  went  to  England  about  the  end  of  the  year, 
but  came  back  again  and  settled  here.  Previous  to 
procuring  this  appointment,  and  probably  to  ingratiate 
himself  with  Cromwell's  party,  he  signed  the  petition  to 
the  General  Court,  with  Sedgwick,  Fowle,  and  others, 
for  the  abrogation  of  the  laws  against  the  Anabaptists 
and  tax  on  new-comers,  which  were  so  peremptorily 
refused  by  the  government  of  Massachusetts. 

MAJ.  WILLIAM  TING,  Boston,  merchant ;  freeman 
1638  ;  was  elected  Deputy  from  Boston,  September 
Court,  1639  ;  also  for  the  years  1640,  '1,  '2,  '3,  '7— in 
all,  six  years ;  and  Treasurer  for  the  Colony  from 
1640  to  1644.  He  was  Captain  of  the  Military  Band 
in  Braintree-— where  he  probably  lived  when  the  volun- 
teer Band  was  formed  first,  being  at  an  earlier  date — at 
the  organization  of  the  Militia,  1644.  He  was  brother 
of  the  first  Edward  Tyng,  and  his  name  is  so  spelt  by 
Farmer,  though  in  many  places  I  find  it  according  as 
here  given  from  the  old  roll.  He  was  Ensign  of  the 
Company  in  1640.  He  died  January  18th,  1653,  leav- 
ing'an  estate  appraised  at  £2774  14  4.  He  was  one  of 
the  Commissioners  from  Massachusetts  Colony,  who  es- 
tablished the  confederation  of  the  New  England  Colo- 
nies, in  1643.  Having  gone  to  England,  Richard  Russel 


34 

was  chosen  Treasurer  in  his  stead.  Savage  says,  "  the 
titles  of  several  of  his  books  show  an  estimable  curiosity 
in  the  possessor."  He  left  no  family.  His  "house, 
one  close,  a  garden,  one  great  yard,  and  one  little  yard 
before  the  hall  windows,  bounded  on  the  street  that 
goes  to  the  dock  southwards.  This  sets  him  on  the 
tongue  of  land  between  Brattle  and  Washington  street, 
now  known  as  Market  Row."  Johnson  speaks  of  him, 
as  "  being  endued  by  the  Lord  with  a  good  understand- 
ing— sometime  Treasurer  of  the  country." 

RICHARD  PARKER,  Boston,  merchant ;  freeman  1641. 

EDWARD  BENDALL,  Boston,  merchant ;  freeman  1 634. 
He  had  three  sons — Freegrace,  Ar.  Co.  1667  ;  Reform 
and  Hopefor.  The  dock  where  Faneuil  Hall  now 
stands,  was  then  used  for  a  cove  for  shipping,  was  the 
seat  of  the  principal  mercantile  business,  and  called 
Bendall's  Dock.  His  brick  house  was  situated  near  the 
dock,  somewhere  between  Gibbons  and  Samuel  Cole's 
tavern — probably  about  where  the  "  bite  of  Logan"  now 
is,  and  his  warehouse  was  there.  This  cove  was  after- 
wards called  the  Town  Dock.  He  was  an  early  mem- 
ber of  Boston  Church,  being  No.  77  ;  and  it  is  pre- 
sumed he  came  with  Winthrop.  Administration  on  his 
estate  was  granted  May  2d,  1682,  to  William  Phillips, 
senior,  which  makes  it  probable  he  lived  to  an  advanced 
age.  Great  credit  is  due  to  him  for  his  successful  en- 
terprise, in  1642,  in  raising  the  ship  "Mary  Rose,* 
which  had  been  blown  up  and  sunk,  with  all  her  ord- 
nance, ballast,  much  lead,  and  other  goods." — "  The 
Court  gave  the  owners  above  a  year's  time  to  recover 
her,  and*free  the  harbor,  which  was  much  damnified  by 
her ;  and  they  having  given  her  over,  and  never  at- 

*This  incident  is  related  by  Winthrop,  among  the  multitude  of  the  judgments. 
It  was  attributed  to  the  sin  of  the  crew's  not  leaving  the  ship  on  Sunday  to  attend 
meeting.  She  was  sunk  near  the  channel,  by  Charlestown. 


85 

tempting  to  weigh  her,  Edward  Bendall  undertook  it 
upon  these  terms,  viz  :  if  he  freed  the  harbor,  he  should 
have  the  whole ;  otherwise,  he  should  have  half  of  all 
he  recovered.  He  made  two  great  tubs,  bigger  than  a 
butt,  very  tight,  and  open  at  one  end,  upon  which  were 
hanged  so  many  weights  as  would  sink  it  to  the  ground, 
(600  wt.)  It  was  let  down,  the  diver  sitting  in  it,  a 
cord  in  his  hand,  to  give  notice  when  they  should  draw 
him  up,  and  another  cord  to  show  when  they  should  re- 
move it  from  place  to  place,  so  he  could  continue  in  his 
tub  near  half  an  hour,  and  fasten  ropes  to  the  ordnance, 
and  put  the  lead,  &c.  into  a  net,  or  tub.  And  when  the 
tub  was  drawn  up,  one  knocked  upon  the  head  of  it, 
and  thrust  a  long  pole  under  water,  which  the  diver  laid 
hold  of,  and  so  was  drawn  up  by  it ;  for  they  might  not 
draw  the  open  end  out  of  water  for  endangering  him, 
&c."  Savage  adds,  in  a  note,  "  If  the  diving-bell  had 
by  ingenious  or  philosophical  men  been  earlier  in- 
vented, I  doubt  that  no  instance  of  its  successful  appli- 
cation can  be  found  before  this." 

Bendall  also  deserves  to  be  remembered  for  his  liber- 
ality in  becoming  surety  for  Stephen  Greensmith,  as 
before  related.  He  was  one  of  those  disarmed. 

JOHN  COGGAN,  Boston,  merchant;  freeman  1653. 
He  set  up  the  first  shop  in  Boston,  March  4th,  1633-4, 
on  the  lot  purchased  of  Mr.  Wilson,  the  minister,  viz  : 
at  the  northwest  corner  of  State  and  Washington  streets, 
now  owned  by  Joseph  Coolidge,  Esq.  March  10th, 
1651,  he  married  Martha,  the  widow  and  fourth  wife  of 
Gov.  Winthrop,  and  the  marriage  ceremony  was  per- 
formed by  Gov.  Endicott.  This  was  also  her  third 
husband.  He  died  in  1658.  He  left  a  good  estate, 
whereof  500  acres  of  land  in  Woburn  were  valued  at 
£10.  John  Coggan  was  an  early  donor  (1652)  to 
Harvard  College. 


86 

JOHN  GORE,  Roxbury ;  freeman  1637;  died  June 
4th,  1657.  The  late  Gov.  Gore  is  believed  to  be  a  de- 
scendant of  this  family. 

VALENTINE  HILL,  Boston  ;  freeman  1640  ;  merchant. 
He  married  a  daughter  of  Gov.  Eaton,  of  New  Haven. 
He  was  Representative  from  Dover,  whither  he  had  re- 
moved, in  1652  to  5,  also  1657.  He  died  in  1662. 

WALTER  BLACKBORNE,  freeman  1639. 

CAPT.  EDWARD  HUTCHINSON,  Boston  ;  freeman  Sep- 
tember 3d,  1634 — son  of  the  famous  Mrs.  Ann  Hutch- 
inson,  and  one  of  those  disarmed  on  her  account.  He 
was  Deputy  from  Boston  in  1658.  He  was  Lieutenant 
of  the  Company,  1654,  and  Captain  1657.  He  came 
over  with  his  parents,  in  company  with  Rev.  John  Cot- 
ton, or  about  the  same  time.  His  father  had  lived  at 
Alford,  in  the  neighborhood  of  Boston,  England,  and 
was  of  good  reputation,  and  had  a  good  estate.  His 
mother,  says  Mr.  Cotton,  "  was  well  beloved,  and  all 
the  faithful  embraced  her  conference,  and  blessed  God 
for  her  fruitful  discourses  ;"  but  the  two  great  errors  she 
inculcated,  and  which  created  such  disturbance  and 
persecution,  were,  "  that  the  Holy  Ghost  dwells  person- 
ally in  a  justified  person  ;  and  that  nothing  of  sanctifi- 
cation  can  help  to  evidence  to  believers  their  justifica- 
tion." 

He  was  sent,  with  Leverett,  on  an  embassy  to  the 
Narragansett  Indians,  in  1642,  and  commanded  a  com- 
pany in  the  expedition  into  the  Nipmug  country,  at  the 
commencement  of  King  Philip's  war,  in  1675,  under 
his  brother-in-law  Savage,  and  was  wounded  in  an  en- 
gagement with  the  Indians,  four  or  five  miles  from 
Brookfield,  on  the  2d  of  August,  and  died  of  his  wounds 
at  Marlborough,  19th  August,  1675,  aged  67.  Elisha, 
his  eldest  son  and  administrator  on  his  estate,  Ar.  Co. 
1660 — also  other  sons.  Thus,  he  who  with  his  mother 


87 

was  persecuted,  poured  out  his  blood  in  the  service  of 
that  uncharitable  country.  His  will  appears  dated  Au- 
gust 24th,  and  proved  the  same  month,  1675.  I  have  in 
vain  sought  to  account  for  this  discrepancy  ;  the  figure 
2  before  4  may  have  been  improperly  copied  in  the  re- 
cord. His  inventory  amounted  to  £745. 

"  To  his  honor,  he  entered  his  dissent  against  the 
sanguinary  law  in  1658,  for  punishing  the  Quakers  with 
death  on  their  return  to  the  colony  after  banishment." 

CAPT.  JAMES  JOHNSON,  Boston,  glover ;  freeman 
1636.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Boston  Church,  and 
married  a  daughter  of  Elder  Thomas  Oliver,  and  had 
several  sons.  He  was  Lieutenant  of  the  Company, 
1658. 

COL.  GEORGE  COOKE,  Cambridge ;  freeman  1636. 
He  was  Deputy  from  Cambridge  in  1636,  1642  to  '5, 
and  Speaker  of  the  House,  October  session,  1645.  In 
1636,  he  was  Captain  of  the  first  volunteer  Train-band 
in  Cambridge,  and  had  William  Spencer  for  his  Lieu- 
tenant. He  retained  that  office  at  the  organization  of 
the  Militia,  1644.  He  commanded  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany in  1643,  and  while  its  Captain  was  sent  by  the 
Court,  with  Atherton  and  Edward  Johnson  and  forty 
soldiers,  to  Putuxet,  near  Providence,  who  arrested 
Gorton  and  most  of  his  adherents,  and  brought  them  to 
Boston.  Winthrop  gives  a  long  detail  of  the  military 
pomp  and  ceremony  on  their  return.  After  some  years' 
residence  in  New  England,  he  became  dissatisfied  with 
America,  and  returned  to  his  native  country.  He  be- 
came a  Colonel  in  the  Parliament's  army,  during  the 
civil  wars,  and  served  in  Ireland.  Savage  says,  "  he 
probably  died  in  Oliver's  service." 

MAJ.  ELEAZER  LUSHER,  Dedham  ;  freeman  1638  ; 
husbandman.  He  was  elected  Representative  1640, 
and  twelve  years  after;  and  Assistant  1662,  and  ten 


years  following,  and  died  in  that  office,  November  13th, 
1672.  He  was  Captain  of  the  Military  Band  in  that 
town,  1644,  and  succeeded  Gen.  H.  Atherton  as  Ser- 
geant-major of  the  Suffolk  Regiment,  in  1656,  which 
office  he  also  held  at  the  time  of  his  decease.  He  was 
Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1646,  and  elected  Lieutenant 
1647.  Johnson  says,  "  he  was  one  of  a  nimble  and  ac- 
tive spirit,  strongly  affected  to  the  ways  of  truth, — one 
of  the  right  stamp,  and  pure  metal,  a  gracious,  humble, 
and  heavenly-minded  man." 

Dedham  was  commenced  in  settlement,  Sept.  1635, 
but  little  progress  was  made  till  July,  1637,  when  John 
Allin,  their  minister,  Lusher  and  ten  others,  bringing  re- 
commendations, were  at  the  same  time  admitted  towns- 
men, and  they  gave  a  more  decided  character  to  the 
place  than  all  others.  Lusher  was  one  of  the  founders 
of  the  first  church  there,  and  long  continued  one  of 
their  chief  town  officers,  "and,"  says  Worthington, 
*  "  maintains  an  eminent  rank  among  the  founders  of  the 
town,"*  "  He  was  a  leading  man  all  his  life  time,  and 
directed  all  the  most  important  affairs  of  the  town.  The 
full  and  perfect  records  which  he  kept,  the  proper  style 
of  his  writings,  above  all,  the  peace  and  success  of  the 
plantation,  which  had  the  wisdom  to  employ  him,  are 
good  evidences  of  his  merit,  and  that  his  education  had 
been  superior  to  all  other  men,  (Mr.  Allin  excepted.) 

"  He  was  an  influential  and  useful  member  of  the 
House  of  Deputies.  When  Charles  II.  was  restored  to 
the  English  throne,  great  fears  began  to  be  entertained 
in  the  colony,  that  its  charter  and  liberties  might  be 
violated  by  the  new  administration.  In  1660,  a  large 
committee  was  appointed  to  consider  the  perilous  state 
of  affairs  then  existing,  and  advise  the  General  Court  in 
the  measures  to  be  adopted.  Maj.  Lusher  was  one  of 

*  Among  the  most  respectable  town  histories  I  have  met  with,  is  Worthington's 
History  of  Dedham. 


89 

that  committee.*  He  was  one  of  the  commissioners, 
with  Danforth  and  John  Leverett,  to  repair  to  Dover  to 
allay  the  discontent  and  settle  differences,  which  event- 
uated in  success. 

His  death  is  noticed  in  the  church  records,  as  quoted 
in  Dexter's  Century  Sermon,  thus:  "  Maj.  Eleazer 
Lusher,  a  man  sound  in  the  faith,  of  great  holiness  and 
heavenly  mindedness,  who  was  of  the  first  foundation  of 
this  church,  and  had  been  of  great  use  (as  in  the  Com- 
monwealth, so  in  the  church,)  especially  after  the  death 
of  the  reverend  pastor  thereof,  (Allin,)  departed  this  life 
Nov.  13th,  1672."  It  seems  he  gained  the  name  of 
"  nimble-footed  Captain."  "  The  following  saying  was 
repeated  frequently,  by  the  generation  which  immedi- 
ately succeeded  Lusher. 

'  When  Lasher  was  in  office,  all  things  went  well  ; 
But  how  they  go  since,  it  shames  us  to  tell.'  " 

This  applied  particularly  to  town  affairs,  especially 
schools,  which  greatly  degenerated.  His  will  was  dated 
Sept.  20th,  1672,  and  proved  Jan.  28th,  1672-3.  .He 
was  a  large  landholder,  but  his  inventory  I  have  not 
found.  His  widow  died  soon  after,  for  her  inventory 
appears  Feb.  6th,  1672-3,  £507  1911. 

CAPT.  RICHARD  SPRAGUE,  Charlestown,  freeman  1631, 
came  to  Salem,  New  England,  with  Gov.  Endicott,  in 
1628,  and  had  removed  to  Charlestown  and  com- 
menced the  settlement  there  previous  to  the  arrival  of 
Gov.  Winthrop  and  his  associates,  in  the  fleet.  He  was 
a  Captain  of  the  Charlestown  band,  and  elected  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  in  1659,  and  Lieutenant  in  1665,  and 
represented  Charlestown  as  Deputy  in  1 644  and  1 659 
to  1666.  He  died  Nov.  25th,  1668.  The  descendants 
of  the  Sprague  family  are  found  in  various  towns  in 
Plymouth  County  and  in  Rhode  Island,  and  a  genealogy 

*  Notice  of  this  is  found  under  Edward  Johnson,  ante. 
12 


90 

of  them  was  published  by  one  of  them,  Hosea  Sprague, 
of  Hingham,  in  1828.  The  Hon.  Peleg  Sprague  is  a 
descendant.  By  his  last  will  he  gave  to  Harvard  College 

J 

32  ewe  sheep,  with  their  lambs,  valued  at  £30.  This 
was  one  of  the  earliest  donations  to  that  "  school  of  the 
Prophets." 

LIEUT.  RALPH  SPRAGUE,  Charlestown,  freeman  1631, 
a  brother  of  Richard,  and  accompanied  him  to  this 
country,  and  went  with  him  to  settle  Charlestown  in 
1629.  He  was  the  first  person  chosen  to  the  office  of 
constable  at  Charlestown,  1630.  He  was  also  a  military 
officer  there.  He  represented  that  town  as  Deputy, 
1635  and  afterwards,  in  the  whole,  nine  years,  and  was 
a  Deputy  when  the  charter  was  granted. 

SAMUEL  HALL,  Maiden.  He  is  probably  the  one  who, 
with  Oldham  and  others,  in  1633,  travelled  westward 
and  first  discovered  Connecticut,  or,  as  it  was  then 
called,  "the  Fresh  River,"  and  died  at  Maiden,  1680. 
He  was  undoubtedly  the  ancestor  of  the  Halls  in  Bos- 
ton, Medford  and  vicinity. 

CAPT.  ABRAHAM  PALMER,  Charlestown,  freeman  1631. 
He  was  Deputy  from  Charlestown  at  the  first  General 
Court,  in  1634  and  four  years  afterwards,  and  conse- 
quently when  the  charter  was  granted.  He  was  a  mili- 
tary man,  for  in  the  addenda  of  Winthrop,  under  date 
of  4  mo.  18th,  1636,  "  We  granted  Mr.  Palmer  a  demi- 
culverin  in  exchange  for  a  sacre,  of  Mr.  Walton's,  which 
was  ready  mounted  at  Castle  Island,  being,  by  the  opin- 
ion of  Mr.  Pierce  and  some  others,  better  for  us  than 
the  demi-culverin.  We  had  100  wt.  of  shot,  and  some 
wires  and  sponges  into  the  bargain."  He  is  probably 
the  last  person  who  appears  as  signer  of  the  instructions 
to  Gov.  Endicott,  dated  London,  May  30th,  1628,  and 
in  one  place  I  think  is  named  as  an  Assistant,  chosen  in 
England.  I  have  also  met  with  the  title  of  Capt.  as  ap- 


91 

plied  to  one  of  that  name,  presuming  it  must  have  been 
his  title  in  England. 

JAMES  BROWNE,  Charlestown,  freeman,  1634. 

We  have  thus  arrived  at  the  close  of  the  year  1638, 
during  which  fifty-eight  persons  became  members.  The 
names  of  the  clergymen  who  preached  the  Court  and 
Artillery  election  sermons  are  not  preserved,  but  as  it 
has  been  almost  invariably  the  custom  for  the  Com- 
mander to  nominate  the  clergyman  of  his  own  parish, 
some  classmate  or  college  friend,  or  the  clergyman  of 
his  native  town,  under  whose  ministry  he  was  educated, 
I  conclude  Keayne  nominated  his  own  minister  and 
brother-in-law,  the  pious  John  Wilson,  first  minister  of 
Boston. 

1639. 

MAJ.  ROBERT  THOMPSON,  Boston.  He  was  an  inhab- 
itant of  Boston  sometime,  and  his  name  appears  fre- 
quently in  ancient  records,  in  connexion  with  grants  of 
lands.  In  spelling  his  name  I  find  the  p  often  omitted. 
His  military  title  was  undoubtedly  gained  in  England. 
He,  with  Willoughby,  was  an  overseer  and  trustee  of 
the  famous  will  of  Edward  Hopkins. 

COL. RAINSBURROW,  Boston,  1639.    This  name 

I  find  spelt  variously.  There  is  no  Christian  name  on 
the  old  roll.  He  was  a  relative  of  Gov.  Winthrop.  He 
returned  to  England  and  was  appointed  to  be  Captain 
of  a  troop  of  horse,  intended  for  Ireland,  and  also  Gov- 
ernor of  Worcester.  He  was  highly  favored  by  Crom- 
well, and  was  Colonel  of  a  regiment  in  the  parliament's 
service,  with  Israel  Stoughton  as  Lieut.  Colonel,  Nehe- 
miah  Bourne  as  Major,  John  Leverett  as  Captain,  and 
William  Hudson  as  Ensign,  all  of  the  Massachusetts 
Colony,  and  members  of  this  Company,  as  officers  un- 


92 

der  him.     Lord  Clarendon's  History  of  the  Rebellion, 
p.  3219,  gives  an  account  of  his  death  in  1648. 

ROBERT  CHILD,  Boston,  physician.  On  the  old  roll 
nothing  appears  except  a  surname,  not  very  legible, 
which  1  called  Chidley,  in  the  first  edition,  and  subse- 
quently supposed  it  might  be  Maj.  John  Child,  but  I 
cannot  be  certain  he  ever  came  to  this  country.  After 
reviewing  the  old  roll,  I  think  I  may  read  it  Chidle, 
and,  with  strong  probability  of  now  being  correct,  have 
adopted  the  name  of  the  famous  Dr.  Robert  Child,  the 
only  name  I  can  find  that  at  all  corresponds.  If  it  was 
him,  he  received  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Medicine  from 
Padua,  came  twice  to  New  England,  and  gave  consid- 
erable disturbance  to  the  government.  He  is  spoken  of 
as  a  young  man,  and  might  be  one  of  the  petitioners 
for  the  grant  of  Lancaster,  1 644.  This  Dr.  Child  was 
greatly  persecuted  by  the  colonial  government  for  pre- 
suming to  petition  parliament,  was  fined  and  confined 
more  than  once,  and  his  study  broken  open  and  papers 
taken  away,  every  hindrance  placed  in  his  way  to  pre- 
vent his  going  to  England  to  present  his  petition — but 
at  last  he  presented  it,  but  was  unsuccessful.  He  proba- 
bly died  in  England.  Winthrop  gives  a  long  account 
of  his  case.  Farmer  inserts  the  name  John  Chidley, 
upon  my  suggestion.  When  he  signed  the  famous  pe- 
tition, 1646,  Winthrop  gives  his  name  Childe. 

MAJ.  GEN,  SIR  JOHN  LEVERETT,  Boston,  merchant, 
freeman  1640.  He  was  son  of  Elder  Thomas  Leverett, 
and  came  with  his  father  to  New  England  at  the  same 
time  with  Rev.  Mr.  Cotton,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
Boston  Church  July  14th,  1639.  He  was  Clerk  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  several  years,  Sergeant,  elected  Lieutenant  1648, 
and  Commander  three  times,  viz.  1652,  1663  and  1670. 
We  find  him  first  mentioned  on  the  roll  and  list  of  offi- 
cers with  the  title  of  Lieut.,  then  Capt.,  &c.  probably 


93 

in  the  militia.  In  1663  he  was  elected  Maj.  General  of 
the  Colony,  and  again,  in  1666,  successor  of  Gen.  Den- 
nison. 

He  seems  to  have  spent  most  of  his  life  in  the  service 
of  the  colony,  for  he  was  chosen  Deputy  from  Boston, 
1651,  '2  and  '3 — again  1663,  '4  and  '5,  and  was  Speaker 
of  the  House  part  of  the  year  1651,  also  in  1663  and 
1664,  as  Farmer  says.  In  1665  he  was  chosen  from 
the  House  of  Deputies  to  be  an  Assistant,  and  continued 
elected  to  1670.  He  was  chosen  Deputy  Governor 
1671  and- 1672,  and  Governor  1673  to  1678,  and  died 
in  that  office,  March  16th,  1679.  He  went  to  England 
in  1644-5,  and  was  appointed  a  Captain  in  Rainsbur- 
row's  regiment,  but  returned  to  Boston.  He  received 
the  order  of  Knighthood  from  Charles  II.  in  1676.  He 
suppressed  that  title,  or  the  knowledge  of  it,  during  life, 
his  previous  republican  employments  and  the  genius  of 
our  colonial  government  made  him  wisely  conceal  it. 
He  was  in  England  at  the  restoration,  advocating  the 
interest  of  the  colony,  which  may  have  made  his  talents 
and  influence  known  to  the  king,  who  afterwards  hon- 
ored him,  when  in  his  highest  colonial  dignity. 

He  was  one  of  the  four  persons,  1664,  to  whom  the 
patent  or  first  charter  was  delivered  by  the  General 
Court,  to  be  kept  safe  and  secret,  together  with  a  dupli- 
cate, who  were  directed  to  dispose  of  them  as  might  be 
most  safe  for  the  country.  Gov.  Bellingham  was  one 
of  them,  Capt.  Thomas  Clark  and  Capt.  Edward  John- 
son, both  members,  the  other  two. 

His  son  Hudson,  Ar.  Co.  1656,  and  grandson  Hon. 
John,  Ar.  Co.  1704,  and  several  of  his  descendants, 
have  been  members.  His  will  and  codicil  are  dated 
March  15th,  1678-9,  wherein  he  names  his  grandson 
•John,  to  be  brought  up  in  learning.  His  son  Hudson, 
the  father  of  John,  had  a  double  portion.  He  left  six 
daughters,  and  had  a  very  large  landed  estate.  His 


94 

mansion  house,  during  the  life  of  his  father,  was  at  the 
south-east  corner  of  Court  Street,  and  his  father's, 
which  he  afterwards  occupied,  with  a  garden  on  the 
east  side  of  where  the  old  or  first  meeting  house  stood, 
had  State  Street  on  the  north,  and  the  marsh  of  Mr. 
Winthrop  on  the  south.  That  part  of  Congress  Street 
north  of  Water  Street  was  long  called  Leverett's  Lane 
or  Street,  in  remembrance  of  father  and  son.  The  dis- 
order of  which  he  died  was  the  stone,  as  appears  by  an 
interleaved  Almanack  of  that  year.  His  picture,  in 
military  costume  of  that  day,  his  sword,  collar,  gloves, 
&c.  are  preserved  in  the  Essex  Historical  Library,  at 
Salem. 

"  The  Governor,  under  the  old  charter,"  says  Hutch- 
inson,  "  although  he  carried  great  porte,  (so  does  the 
Doge  of  Venice,)  yet  his  share  in  the  administration 
was  little  more  than  any  one  of  the  Assistants.  The 
weighty  affairs  of  the  war,  and  the  agency,  during  his 
administration,  conducted  with  prudence  and  steadiness, 
caused  him  to  be  greatly  respected."  His  funeral  was 
splendid,  as  appears  by  the  order  of  procession,  and  not 
unlike  that  of  royalty  in  England. 

He  was  sent,  with  Edward  Hutchinson,  on  an  em- 
bassy to  Miantonomoh,  Sachem  of  the  Narragansetts, 
in  1642.  He  also  had  a  military  command  under  Sedg- 
wick,  in  expelling  the  French  from  Penobscot,  in  1654. 
He  was  one  of  the  Commissioners  to  repair  to  Dover, 
in  company  with  Lusher  and  Danforth.  He  wore  long 
hair,  but  is  the  first  Governor  that  is  painted  without  a 
long  beard.  He  laid  it  aside  in  Cromwell's  court. 
Harvard  College  Records,  3d  mo.  10th  day,  1649,  con- 
tains the  paper  drawn  up  by  the  Governor  and  magis- 
trates, against  "longhair," — the  following  is  the  pre- 
amble :  "  Forasmuch  as  the  wearing  of  long  hair,  after  ' 
the  manner  of  ruffians  and  barbarous  Indians,  has 
begun  to  invade  New  England,  contrary  to  the  rule  of 


95 

God's  word,  which  says  it  is  a  shame  for  a  man  to  wear 
long  hair,  as  also  the  commendable  custom  generally 
of  all  the  godly  of  our  nation,  until  within  these  few 
years ;  &,c.  &.c." 

"  Order  of  march  at  the  funeral  of  Gov.  Leverett,  who  died  16th 
March,  1678,  and  was  buried  the  first  day  of  the  next  year,  25th 
March,  1679  :— 

Mr.  John  Joyliff,  Mr.  James  Whitcomb,  Mr.  William  Tailer, 
Mr.  Ricljard  Middlecot — to  carry  each  a  Banner  Roll  at  the  four 
corners  of  the  Hearse. 

To  march  next  before  the  Hearse,  as  followeth : 

Mr.  Samuel  Shrimpton,  or  in  his  absence,  Capt.  Clap — to  carry 
the  Helmet. 

Mr.  John  Fairweather — to  carry  the  Gorget. 

Mr.  E.  Hutchinson — Brest.     Mr.  Charles  Lidget — Back. 

Mr.  Sampson  Sheafe — one  tace.  Mr.  John  Pinchon — one  tace. 
Mr.  Dummer,  in  case. 

Capt.  Nich.  Page — one  Gauntlet.     Capt.  J.  Carwin — one  Gauntlet. 

Lt.  Edw.  Willys — the  Target.     Capt.  Ed\v.  Tyng — the  Sword. 

Mr.  Hezekiah  Usher — one  Spur.     Mr.  Peter  Sargeant — one  Spur. 

Capt.  William  Gerrish,  to  lead  the  Hearse  per  the  Racis — and 
Return  Waite  (as  Groom)  per  the  headstall. 

Mr.  Lynde,  Mr.  Saffin,  Mr.  Rock,  N.  Green — to  carry  Banners 
mixt  with  the  Banner  Roles  above." 

His  concern  in  trade  with  Gibbons,  wherein  several 
ships  and  cargoes  were  lost,  must  have  been  consider- 
able ;  but  he  was  a  secret  partner  in  one  ship  only ; 
they  lost  above  £2000.  He  was  also  appointed  one  of 
the  Commissioners  to  the  Dutch  Governor  of  New 
York,  (Stuyvesant,)  and  commander  of  the  forces  con- 
templated to  be  raised  in  case  of  war  with  them,  in 
1653.  He  was  a  Captain  of  a  troop  of  horse  in  Crom- 
well's service,  in  1656. 

MIDDLEWAITE.  This  name  is  almost  unintelli- 
gible on  the  old  roll.  I  think  it  should  be  John  Mussel- 
white.  If  it  was,  then  he  was  of  Newbury,  1635  ;  came 
from  Beaverstock,  in  Wiltshire  ;  was  admitted  free- 


96 

man  1639,  and  died  January  30th,  1670.  This  name, 
written  Mussettwhit  in  the  Colony  records,  and  Mussil- 
loway  in  the  Newbury  records,  has  now  become  Sil- 
oivay,  and  is  thus  spelled  by  his  descendants,  who  are  in 
the  vicinity  of  Newbury.* 

BRIDEMORE.     This  name  is  also  unintelligible, 

nothing  appearing  but  a  badly  written  surname.  I 
think  it  was  Capt.  Sebastian  Bridgham,  of  Rowley,  who 
lived  in  1636  at  Cambridge,  and  was  Captain,  of  the 
Rowley  Band  in  1644,  and  Representative  in  1646  and 
1647.  Johnson  speaks  of  such  a  man. 

ROBERT  SAMPSON.     The  Christian  name  is  adopted 
on  slight  evidence. 

THOMAS  OWEN,  Boston,  in  16^1.  It  appears  he  es- 
caped from  Boston  prison  in  1641,  "  where  he  had  been 
put  for  notorious  suspicion  of  adultery."  He  was  sen- 
tenced "  at  a  Quarter  Court  at  Boston,  7th  of  7th  mo. 
1641,  for  his  adulterous  practices,  (and)  was  as  censured 
to  be  sent  to  the  gallows  with  a  rope  about  his  neck, 
and  to  sit  upon  the  ladder  an  hour,  the  rope's  end 
thrown  over  the  gallows,  and  so  to  return  to  prison." 
Sarah  Hale,  wife  of  William  Hale,  his  paramour,  was 
sentenced  to  the  like,  and  after  to  be  banished.  Sev- 
eral men  and  women,  who  were  concerned  in  his  es- 
cape to  Noddle's  Island,  especially  Maverick,  were 
severely  fined.  Owen  also  was  fined  £20,  and  if  not 
paid  in  a  week,  to  be  severely  whipped.  Among  other 
things,  Hale,  the  husband,  was  admonished  to  take  heed 
of  the  like  concealment.  Seven  of  the  persons  concern- 
ed have  the  title  or  prefix  of  respect.  This  suspicion 
must  therefore  have  originated  among  the  better  sort  of 
people. 

ENSIGN  FRANCIS  WILLOUGHBY,  Charlestown;  freeman 

?">*• 

*  Coffin. 


97 

1640.  He  was  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1643.  He  was 
Deputy  from  Charlestown  1642,  1646  and  1649.  Cho- 
sen an  Assistant  1650,  1651,  1664;  elected  Deputy 
Governor  1665  to  1671,  and  died  while  holding  that 
office,  April  4th,  1671 — leaving  a  wife,  Margaret,  who 
after  married  Capt.  Lawrence  Hammond,  (Ar.  Co. 
1666,)  and  she  died  February  2d,  1683.  He  left  sev- 
eral children,  according  to  Farmer,  and  a  large  estate 
for  those  times,  being  £4050  5  4.  Willoughby  favored 
the  Anabaptists,  for  Leverett  is  said  to  have  succeeded 
him,  on  account  of  his  liberality  in  religious  matters, 
especially  his  opposition  to  the  persecutions  of  the  Bap- 
tists, which  toleration  in  those  days  rendered  him  un- 
popular. He  had  the  prefix  of  respect  when  admitted 
freeman. 

CAPT.  JOHN  ALLEN,  Charlestown  ;  freeman  June  2d, 
1641  ;  Representative  1668.  He  had  the  prefix  of 
respect. 

CAPT.  WALTER  HAINES,  Sudbury;  freeman  1640 — 
in  the  former  edition  Andrew  Harris.  There  is  no 
Christian  name  on  the  old  roll,  and  the  surname  will 
much  better  read  Haines,  although  very  badly  written. 
The  name  is  spelt  by  Farmer  Haynes,  which  is  the  most 
correct ;  yet  I  have  endeavored  to  adhere  as  nearly  as 
possible  to  our  original  roll.  Walter  Haynes  was  free- 
man 1640,  and  Representative  1641,  1644,  1648, 1651  ; 
one  of  the  Selectmen  of  Sudbury  ten  years,  and  died 
February  14th,  1665. 

ANTHONY  STODDARD,  ESQ.  Boston,  1639;  admitted 
freeman  1640.  He  married,  for  his  second  wife,  Bar- 
bary,  widow  of  Capt.  Joseph  Weld,  and  she  dying  be- 
fore him,  he  had  a  third  wife,  and  a  large  family  of 
children.  Many  of  his  descendants  have  been  celebrat- 
ed Ministers  in  New  England.  He  was  Representative 
from  Boston  in  1650,  also  in  1659,  1660  and  1666,  and 


]3 


98 

eighteen  successive  years  afterwards.  He  was  a  linen 
draper  by  occupation,  and  allowed  to  become  a  towns- 
man August  26th,  1639,  and  27th  of  January  following 
100  acres  of  land  was  granted  him  at  Mount  Wollaston. 
He  was  admitted  to  the  freeman's  oath  May  13th,  1640. 
On  18th  March,  1649-50,  he  was  chosen  Recorder  of 
Boston.  He  being  a  Constable  of  Boston,  1641,  was 
required  to  take  a  person  into  custody  at  one  of  the 
Courts  in  Boston  till  the  afternoon,  "  and  said  withal  to 
the  Governor — Sir,  I  have  come  to  observe  what  you 
did  ;  that  if  you  should  proceed  with  a  brother  otherwise 
than  you  ought,  I  might  deal  with  you  in  a  church  way. 
For  this  insolent  behavior  he  was  committed,  but  being 
dealt  with  by  the  elders  and  others,  he  came  to  see  his 
error,  which  was,  that  he  did  consider  that  the  magis- 
trate ought  not  to  deal  with  a  member  of  the  church 
before  the  church  had  proceeded  with  him.  So,  the 
next  Lord's  day,  in  the  open  assembly,  he  did  freely 
and  very  affectionately  confess  his  error,  and  his  con- 
tempt of  authority  ;  and  being  bound  to  appear  at  the 
next  court,  he  did  the  like  there  to  the  satisfaction  of 
all.  Yet,  for  example's  sake,  he  was  fined  20  shillings, 
which,  though  some  of  the  magistrates  would  have  had 
it  much  less,  or  rather  remitted,  seeing  his  clear  repent- 
ance and  satisfaction  in  public,  left  no  poison  or  danger 
in  his  example,  nor  had  the  Commonwealth  or  any  per- 
son sustained  danger  by  it." 

THOMAS  FOWLE,  Boston,  merchant.  His  estate  was 
a  house  and  garden  on  Washington  street,  five  estates 
north  of  Griffith  Bowen's,  at  the  north  corner  of  Essex 
street.  He  removed  to  Braintree,  and  had  children 
born  in  Boston  and  there.  He  figures  as  a  man  of 
much  notoriety  in  Winthrop,  having,  on  account  of  his 
liberal  sentiments,  been  a  constant  thorn  to  the  civil 
and  ecclesiastical  rulers  of  the  colony.  The  first  that  I 


99 

find  of  him  is,  that  he  was  owner  of  the  ship  attached 
when  Weld  and  Stephen  Winthrop  were  arrested  in 
England,  as  before  recited.  In  1646,  he,  with  Doct. 
Childe,  John  Smith,  David  Yale,  petitioned  to  Parlia- 
ment, complaining  of  the  distinctions  in  civil  and  church 
estate  here,  and  that  they  might  be  governed  by  the 
laws  of  England ; — this  petition,  that  they  "  as  free  born 
subjects  of  England,  were  denied  the  liberty  of  subjects, 
both  in  church  and  commonwealth,  themselves  and  their 
children  debarred  from  the  seals  of  the  covenant,  ex- 
cept they  would  submit  to  such  a  way  of  entrance  and 
church  covenant,  as  their  consciences  would  not  admit, 
and  take  such  a  civil  oath,  as  would  not  stand  with 
their  oath  of  allegiance,  or  else  they  must  be  debarred 
of  all  power  and  interest  in  civil  affairs,  and  were  sub- 
jected to  an  arbitrary  government,  and  extra-judicial 
proceedings,  &c."  Fovvle  and  Doct.  Childe  do  not 
appear  to  have  ever  taken  the  freeman's  oath,  and  this 
may  account  for  the  fact.  A  similar  petition  was  pre- 
sented to  the  General  Court,  but  the  consideration 
thereof,  as  well  as  a  law  to  permit  non-freemen  to 
vote,"*  were  deferred  to  another  session.  Fowle  also, 
with  Sedgwick  and  others,  petitioned  for  the  abrogation 
of  the  laws  against  Anabaptists  and  the  tax  on  new- 
comers, which  was  unsuccessful. 

On  the  eve  of  his  departure  for  England,  after  having 
been  fined  and  imprisoned  for  the  above  petition,  he  was 
stayed  again  at  the  Governor's  warrant,  (Winthrop)  as 
also  Doct.  Childe,  said  "  to  be  the  chief  speaker"  who 
said  "  they  did  beneath  themselves  in  petitioning  us," 
and  appealed  to  England.  The  hearing  was  continued 
with  much  spirit  and  acrimony.  "  In  conclusion,  Fowle 
and  one  Smith  were  committed  to  the  Marshal  for  want 
of  sureties,  and  the  rest  were  enjoined  to  attend  the 

*  None  were  allowed  to  be  freemen  but  church  members  of  the  orthodox  sect, 
and  none  but  freemen  to  vote,  or  eligible  to  office. 


100 

Court  when  they  should  be  called.  So  they  were  dis- 
missed, and  Mr.  Fowle,  &c.  found  sureties  before 
night."  The  trial  proceeded,  and  in  the  subsequent 
pages  of  Winthrop  we  may  find  the  long  contested  ar- 
gument, pro  and  con.  Childe  was  fined  fifty  pounds, 
and  Fowle  forty  pounds,  "  for  persisting  thus  obstinately 
and  proudly  in  their  evil  practice."  They  were  offered 
to  have  their  fines  remitted,  if  they  would  but  acknowl- 
edge their  fault ;  but  they  remained  obstinate.  Their 
appeal  was  received,  but  refused  acceptance,  and  not 
permitted  to  be  read  to  the  court.  "  Surprise,"  says 
Savage,  "  almost  equals  our  indignation  at  this  exorbi- 
tant imposition  ;  for  in  this  very  year  Fowle  was  asso- 
ciated with  Winthrop  as  one  of  the  Selectmen  of  Boston. 
All  these  petitioners,  but  Maverick,  left  the  country,  1 
believe." 

In  1648,  Fowle  is  spoken  of  (by  Winthrop)  thus: 
"  For  God  had  brought  him  very  low,  both  in  his  estate 
and  reputation,  since  he  joined  in  the  first  petition."* 
There  is  no  reason,  as  Winthrop  thinks,  to  attribute  this 
to  a  judgment  of  God ;  it  is  far  more  easy  to  account 
for  his  becoming  poor  by  losses  at  sea,  heavy  fines,  im- 
prisonment, delays,  expenses,  &c. 

THOMAS  COYTMORE,  Charlestown;  freeman  1640; 
Representative  1640  and  1641  ;  died  on  the  coast  of 
Wales,  December  27th,  1645.  Martha,  his  widow,  mar- 
ried Gov.  Winthrop.  In  the  former  edition,  I  supplied 
the  Christian  name  wanting  on  the  old  roll,  by  inserting 
Isaac,  from  the  circumstance  of  Isaac's  having  been  ap- 
pointed by  the  town  of  Boston  "  to  see  to  the  carriages 
and  wheels  of  the  Great  Artillery,  &c."  The  name  is 
spelt  Coitmore  on  the  old  roll. 

SAMUEL  BENNET,  Lynn,  carpenter.  A  pine  forest,  in 
the  northern  part  of  the  town,  still  retains  the  name  of 

*  See  Boston  Records. 


101 

• 

Bennet's  Swamp.  .  He  resided  in  the  western  part  of 
Saugus,  and  when  the  towns  were  divided,  the  line 
passed  through  his  land,  eastward  of  his  house,  so  that 
afterwards  he  was  called  an  inhabitant  of  Boston.*  He 
was  indicted  at  the  Quarterly  Court  at  Salem,  July  5th, 
1645,  "for  saying,  in  a  scornful  manner,  he  neither 
cared  for  the  town,  nor  any  order  the  town  could  make." 
He  was  a  workman  in  the  iron  works',  and  had  to  prose- 
cute for  his  wages,  which  were  large. 

CAPT.  HERBERT  PELHAM,  Cambridge.  He  came  to 
New  England  1639 ;  was  admitted  freeman  1645 ;  elect- 
ed an  Assistant  1645,  when  Stoughton  went  to  England, 
and  continued  in  that  office  five  years,  and  probably  re- 
turned to  England  in  1649,  as  after  that  he  was  left  out 
of  the  Board  of  Assistants. 

Johnson  styles  him  "  a  man  of  courteous  behaviour, 
humble  and  heavenly  minded."  He  was  probably  bred 
a  lawyer  in  England,  and  was  one  of  the  original  cor- 
poration of  the  Society  for  the  propagation  of  the  Gos- 
pel among  the  Indians,  and  one  of  its  chief  founders. f 
He  was  of  the  same  family  with  the  Duke  of  Newcastle, 
and  probably  was  Captain  of  the  first  volunteer  train 
band  in  Sudbury.  "  He  was  the  first  Treasurer  of  Har- 
vard College,  appointed  by  the  government  before  the 
charter,"  says  Savage.  "  He  had  been  of  the  Com- 
pany in  England,  1629,"  Hubbard,  122,  and  in  the 
common  stock  of  the  colony  advanced  £100.  He  came 
over  in  1639,  and  had  his  house  burnt  down  at  Cam- 
bridge 1640,  from  which  he  and  his  family  narrowly 
escaped.  Winthrop  calls  the  discovery  by  a  neighbor's 
wife,  who  heard  her  hens  at  midnight  make  a  noise, 

*See  Lewis's  History  of  Lynn,  25. 

tThis  Society  was  incorporated  by  act  of  Parliament,  1649.  Herbert  Pelham 
and  Maj.  Robert  Thompson,  Ar.  Co.  1639,  were  two  of  the  original  sixteen  Se,Ject- 
men,  or  Directors  of  that  institution. 


102 

and  awaked  her  husband, — a  special  providence  of  God. 
In  his  journal  he  has  another  singular  providence  or 
judgment  related  immediately  after,  which,  although  in 
no  way  applying  to  Pelham,  is  here  given  to  show  his 
aversion  to  the  Episcopalians.  The  Episcopalians  were 
as  much  persecuted  as  any  class  of  Christians  in  the 
early  part  of  New  England  History,  and  in  Massachu- 
setts continued  neglected  as  regards  all  office  or  influ- 
ence. Randolph's  letters  afterwards  complain  of  their 
being  neglected  in  the  administration  of  affairs.  They 
seem  to  have  made  their  way,  amidst  the  confusion  of 
tongues,  to  the  elevated  standing  they  now  hold  in  the 
community  and  nation,  without  effort.  A  learned  Con- 
gregational divine,  of  modern  days,  and  he  was  orthodox 
and  catholic,  too,  in  spirit,  once  said  in  my  hearing — 
"  The  Church  of  England  is  the  ark  of  safety  r  after 
all — the  bulwark  of  protestantism." 

"  About  this  time  there  fell  out  a  thing  worthy  of  observation. 
Mr.  Winthrop,  the  younger,  one  of  the  magistrates,  having  many 
books  in  a  chamber  where  there  was  corn  of  divers  sorts,  had  among 
them  one  wherein  the  Greek  Testament,  the  Psalms  and  the  Common 
Prayer,  were  bound  together.  He  found  the  Common  Prayer  eaten 
with  mice,  every  leaf  of  it,  and  not  any  of  the  two  others  touched, 
nor  any  other  of  his  books,  though  there  were  above  a  thousand." 
Then  he  adds,  "  quere,  of  the  child  at  Cambridge,  killed  by  a  cat." 
Savage,  in  a  note,  observes  :  "  It  is  apparently  introduced  as  a  point- 
ing from  Heaven  against  the  service  of  the  Episcopal  Church,  but 
is  susceptible  of  an  harmless  explanation; — the  mice,  not  liking 
psalmody,  and  not  understanding  Greek,  took  their  food  from  an- 
other part  of  the  volume.  Our  age  will  believe  that  the  book,  which 
alone  was  injured  among  a  thousand,  was  fortuitously  attacked  by 
these  humble  mischief  makers.  The  succeeding  paragraph,  omitted 
by  the  former  editor,  is  nearly  of  equal  value,  whether  true  or  not. 
If  the  cat  had  been  in  Winthrop's  library,  she  might  have  prevented 
the  stigma  on  the  Common  Prayer."* 

*I  recently  discovered  a  volume  of  pamphlets,  wherein  the  4th  of  July  Oration, 
in  Boston,  by  the  Hon.  Harrison  Gray  Otis,  was  bound,  and  had  been  served  in 
the  tame  way.  I  attributed  to  the  mice,  in  that  case,  a  very  high  degree  of  taste  ; 
or  that,  being  connoiseure,  they,  approved  highly  of  the  orator  and  matter. 


103 

Pelham  was  one  of  the  Massachusetts  Commissioners 
of  the  United  New  England  Colonies,  in  1646.  After 
his  return  -to  England  he  might  have  again  visited  this 
country,  if  the  following  extract  from  the  Boston  News 
Letter,  printed  August  19th,  1826,  be  true.  It  says, 
"  this  gentleman  was  one  of  the  early  settlers  in  Cam- 
bridge, prior  to  1660,  and  a  large  proprietor  to  the  first 
division  of  the  lands  there,  in  1665.  A  few  acres  of  it 
were  recently  called  Pelham's  Island.  Subsequently  he 
made  larger  purchases  of  real  estate,  and  permitted  the 
poorer  people  to  cut  off  the  original  growth  of  timber 
on  100  acres  of  it.  He  must  have  been  considered  as 
holding  high  rank  in  society ;  for  his  son  Edward,  who 
graduated  at  college  in  1673,  was  placed  at  the  head  of 
his  class ;  and  this  same  son  inherited  all  his  estate  in 
the  then  Colony  of  Massachusetts.  He  returned  to  Eng- 
land before  1672,  for  his  will  was  dated  in  January  of 
that  year,  at  Ferrer's,  in  Brewer's  Hamlet,  in  the  county 
of  Essex,  where  he  died.  His  will  was  proved  at  Lon- 
don, in  March,  1676.  Some  of  his  posterity  are  citizens 
of  the  United  States,  at  this  day." 

HENRY  SALTONSTALL,  physician,  son  of  Sir  Richard, 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1642,  and  must  of 
course  have  been  a  member  of  the  Ar.  Co.  before  he 
entered,  or  while  a  student  there.  He  went  to  England, 
and  thence  to  Holland,  in  1644,  received  the  degree  of 
M.  D.  from  the  University  at  Padua,  in  Italy,  October, 
1649,  and  a  degree  at  Oxford,  England,  June  24th, 
1652. 

CAPT.  RICHARD  BRACKET,  Boston,  freeman  1636.  He 
was  dismissed  from  Boston  Church  to  Braintree,  1642, 
and  ordained  Deacon,  July  21st,  1642.  He  was  the 
third  Captain  of  the  militia  in  Braintree,  and  Town 
Clerk  many  years.  He  died  March  3d,  1691,  aged  80. 

ROBERT  LONG,  Charlestown,  freeman  1635. 


104 

JOHN  GREEN,  Charlestown,  freeman  1642,  was  born 
in  London,  and  came  to  New  England  1632.  He  was 
an  elder  of  the  church,  and  died  April  22d,  1658.  See 
Alden's  Collection  of  Epitaphs.  2  Coll.  Hist.  Soc.  II. 
179.  His  son  Jacob,  Ar.  Co.  1650. 

CAPT.  RICHARD  DAVENPORT,  arrived  at  Salem  with 
Gov.  Endicott,  in  September,  1628,  where  he  resided 
until  1 642.  He  was  born  1 606,  and  was  Deputy  from 
Salem  in  1637.  He  was  admitted  freeman  1634,  and 
was  with  Underbill,  Turner,  and  Jennison,  as  an  En- 
sign in  Endicott's  expedition  against  the  Indians,  to 
revenge  Oldham's  murder.  In  1636  we  find  him  Lieu- 
tenant of  the  first  volunteer  train  band,  in  Ipswich,  un- 
der Dennison,  where  it  is  probable  he  resided  a  short 
time.  He  was  a  military  man  of  distinction,  in  the  first 
settlement  of  the  colony,  and  was  engaged  in  many 
enterprises*  against  the  Indians,  yet  he  never  held  any 
office  in  the  Ar.  Co.  higher  than  Sergeant,  probably 
because  of  his  absence  on  duty. 

The  first  settlers  in  and  near  Boston,  for  their  de- 
fence, built  a  fort,  (afterwards  called  Castle  William, 
now  Fort  Independence,)  with  mud  walls,  which  stood 
some  years.  This  was  in  July,  1634.  Capt.  Nicolas 
Simpkins,  Ar.  Co.  1650,  was  the  first  Commander,  and 
then  a  Lieut.  Monish  (Lieut.  Richard  Morris)  for  a 
short  time.  The  mud  walls  having  gone  to  decay,  it 
was  rebuilt  with  pine  trees  and  earth,  under  the  super- 
intendence of  Capt.  Davenport,  who  was  appointed  to 
command  it.  When  that  decayed,  which  was  within  a 
little  time,  there  was  a  small  castle  built  with  brick 
walls,  which  had  three  rooms  in  it — a  dwelling  room 
below,  a  lodging  room  over  it,  the  gun  room  over  that, 
wherein  were  six  guns,  called  sacker  guns,  and  over  it 

*  He  was  wounded  in  the  sanguinary  battle  with  the  Pequods,  1737,  under 
Underbill. 


105 

upon  the  top  three  lesser  guns :  thus  it  remained  July 
15th,  1665,  when  it  is  related  of  Davenport,  that,  weary 
of  severe  duty,  he  slept  in  a  room  separated  from  the 
powder  magazine  by  a  thin  board  partition,  and  while 
asleep  was  killed  by  a  flash  of  lightning,  no  material 
damage  being  done  to  the  building. 

1640. 
LAWRENCE  LITCHFIELD,  Scituate,  in  1646. 

DAVID  YALE,  Boston ;  freeman  1640.  He  was  de- 
scended from  an  ancient  and  wealthy  family  in  Wales. 
He  had  sons  born  in  Boston,  where  he  resided  as  late 
as  1651.  He  was  brother  of  Thomas  Yale,  the  founder 
of  Yale  College.  He  was  a  merchant.  Savage  says, 
"  he  was  probably  driven  from  Massachusetts  by  the  in- 
tolerance of  the  age,  for  his  estate  here  was  sold  by  his 
attorneys."  This  estate  was  where  the  elegant  mansion 
and  garden  of  Gardiner  Greene,  Esq.  now  stands,  and 
extended  east  as  far  as  Sudbury  street.  Thomas  Clarke 
and  Thomas  Lake,  Boston  merchants,  were  his  attor- 
neys. He  is  frequently  mentioned  by  Winthrop. 

COURTNEY. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  HUDSON,  Boston ;  freeman  1640. 
He  was  born  1619,  says  Farmer — of  course  was  only 
twenty-one  years  of  age  when  freeman,  and  member  of 
Ar.  Co. — the  youngest  man  who  had  then  joined.  The 
first  heard  of  him  is,  that  he  left  his  wife  and  family  and 
went  to  England,  in  the  winter  of  1 645-6,  and  was  ap- 
pointed an  Ensign  in  Rainsburrow's  regiment,  in  the 
Parliament  service  ;  but  he,  like  Leverett  anti  Bourne, 
became  sick  of  Oliver's  service,  and  returned  home  to 
his  family.  (Leverett  was  his  Captain.)  His  return 
may  have  been  expedited  by  the  circumstance  of  "  a 
sad  business  which  fell  out  this  year  (1645)  in  Boston. 
One  (Hudson)  of  the  brethren  of  the  church  there,  be- 


106 

ing  in  England,  in  the  Parliament  service,  about  two 
years,  had  committed  the  care  of  his  family  and  business 
to  another  of  the  same  church,  (a  young  man  of  good  es- 
teem for  piety  and  sincerity,  but  his  wife  was  in  England,) 
who  in  time  grew  over  familiar  with  his  master's  wife, 
(a  young  woman — no  member  of  the  church."  Being 
caught  in  her  chamber,  under  suspicious  circumstances, 
they  were  both  tried  for  their  lives.  The  jury  acquitted 
of  adultery,  then  punishable  with  death,  but  convicted 
of  adulterous  behavior.  This  was  sorely  against  the 
will  and  wishes  of  the  church  and  state,  both  elders  and 
magistrates.  But  the  legal  or  technical  distinction,  that 
it  required  two  witnesses  to  convict,  probably  acquitted. 
They  were  sentenced  to  sit  on  the  gallows,  with  a  rope 
round  their  necks,  an  hour,  and  then  to  be  whipped, 
and  pay  £20  fine,  each.  "  The  husband  (although  he 
condemned  his  wife's  immodest  behavior,  yet)  was  so 
confident  of  her  innocency  in  point  of  adultery,  as  he 
would  have  paid  £20  rather  than  she  should  have  been 
whipped;  but  their  estate  being  but  mean,  she  chose 
rather  to  submit  to  the  rest  of  her  punishment,  than  that 
her  husband  should  suffer  so  much  for  her  folly.  So  he 
received  her  again,  and  they  lived  lovingly  together." 

Hudson  may  be  the  person  called  Hodson  in  the  list 
of  those  intending  to  come  over  with  Winthrop.  Snow, 
in  his  History  of  Boston,  says :  "  The  wardrobe  of  Mrs. 
Hudson  exhibited  as  many  articles  of  finery  as  usually 
deck  a  modern  toilet." 

He  was  appointed  afterward  a  commissioner  to  King 
Philip,  at  Taunton,  in  1670,  in  company  with  William 
Davis  and  Thomas  Brattle.  He  was  elected  Lieutenant 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1653,  1656,  and  1660,  and  Captain  1661. 
Administration  on  his  estate  was  granted  September  9th, 
1681,  to  Col.  S.  Shrimpton.  There  is  a  very  ancient, 
grave-stone  of  "  Capt.  William  Hutson,"  to  be  found  in 


107 

the  Chapel  burial-ground,  whereon  nothing  is  legible, 
excepting  that  he  died  aged  sixty. 

RALPH  ORY. 

MAJ.  GEN.  JOHN  HUMFREY.  Spelt  erroneously  Hum- 
phrey in  the  former  edition.  He  was  chosen  Deputy 
Governor  of  the  Massachusetts  Company  at  their  second 
meeting  in  England,  but  did  not  come  to  New  England 
till  1634,*  and  was  chosen  an  Assistant  from  1632  to 
1641,  and  consequently  was  an  Assistant  when  the 
charter  was  granted.  He  was  bred  a  lawyer,  in  Eng- 
land, and  married  the  Lady  Susan,  daughter  of  the  Earl 
of  Lincoln,  and  they  with  their  six  children  went  to  re- 
side on  their  farm  at  Lynn,  at  a  place  called  Swamp- 
scot,  which  was  laid  out  by  order  of  court  in  1632.  It 
contained  500  acres.  The  bounds  extended  a  mile  from 
the  seaside,  and  run  to  a  great  white  oak  by  the  rock, 
and  included  a  spring  south  of  the  oak,  and  lay  between 
Forest  river  and  the  cliff.  Lewis  says  the  venerable 
white  oak  is  still  standing,  and  gives  a  description  in 
poetry.  He  was  admitted  a  member  of  the  Salem 
Church,  January  16th,  1638.  Mr.  Humfrey  immedi- 
ately entered  on  the  duties  of  an  Assistant,  having 
been  chosen  before  his  arrival ;  and  soon  after  built  a 
wind-mill  on  Sagamore  Hill. 

He  was  one  of  the  six  of  the  original  purchasers  of 
the  Massachusetts,  March  1 9th,  1 627,  from  the  Council 
of  Plymouth.  A  Royal  Charter  was  necessary.  This 
passed  the  seals,  March  4th,  1628.  The  annual  elec- 
tion of  officers  by  charter  being  the  last  Wednesday  in 
Easter  Term,  on  the  13th  of  May,  1628,  they  chose 
their  Governor,  Deputy  Governor  and  Assistants,  among 
whom  was  Mr.  Humfrey,  being  the  fifth  named.  En- 

*  It  seems  he  contemplated  coming  in  the  fleet  with  Winthrop,  for  his  name  is 
second  in  the  second  column  of  emigrants  intending  to  come  over,  ad  appears  in 
the  Addenda  to  Savage's  edition. 


108 

dicott  was  immediately  dispatched,  who  was  appointed 
their  Governor  in  the  plantation,  and  arrived  the  same 
year  at  Salem.  His  instructions  are  dated  London, 
May  30th,  1628,  and  Humfrey's  name,  among  others, 
is  signed  thereto.  In  1641,  the  General  Court  made 
him  a  grant  of  £250,  probably  in  consequence  of  his 
having  had  his  house,  barn,  corn,  hay,  &c.  burnt,  1640, 
by  the  carelessness  of  one  of  his  servants,  and  blowing 
up  of  gunpowder.  The  servant  was  severely  punished, 
being  doomed  to  serve  his  master,  without  wages,  21 
years.  VVinthrop  seems  to  attribute  this  disaster  to  a 
remarkable  providence,  because  Humfrey  was  inclined 
to  go  to  Providence  Isle  for  the  Lords  of  Trade.  He 
was  extremely  unfortunate  in  his  family  after  he  went 
back  to  England. 

"2dof  4th  mo.  1641.  At  this  General  Court,  or 
Court  of  Elections,  it  was  ordered  that  John  Humfrey, 
Esq.  be  Sergeant-major  General."  He  was  therefore 
the  first  person  who  held  that  office  ;  and  none  other  is 
mentioned  until  the  organization  of  the  Militia,  in  1644, 
when  the  venerable  and  much  honored  Thomas  Dudley 
was  chosen  to  that  office  by  the  Legislature.  He  was 
appointed,  with  Capt.  Nathaniel  Turner,  in  1636,  to 
lay  out  the  bounds  of  Ipswich.  His  eldest  son,  John, 
joined  the  Ar.  Co.  1641.  He  was  not  a  church  mem- 
ber, and  is  the  only  exception  of  any  person  made  a 
freeman  or  holding  office  who  was  not. 

Lewis,  in  his  History  of  Lynn,  has  drawn  the  outlines 
of  his  character  so  well,  that,  with  small  abridgement, 
it  is  here  inserted  : 

"  Mr.  Humfrey  was  a  native  of  Dorchester,  in  Dorsetshire,  Eng- 
land, a  lawyer,  and  man  of  considerable  wealth  and  good  reputation. 
He  was  one  of  the  most  influential  in  promoting  the  settlement  of  the 
colony,  and  the  people  of  Massachusetts  will  ever  regard  him  as  one 
of  their  earliest  and  most  efficient  benefactors.  He  was  one  of  the 
original  patentees  of  the  colony,  and  the  Treasurer  of  the  Company 


109 

at  Plymouth,  in  England  ;  and  by  his  exertions  many  donations  were 
obtained,  and  many  persons,  among  whom  were  some  of  the  minis- 
ters, were  induced  to  emigrate.  Such  was  the  respect  in  which  he 
was  held,  that  when  the  formulary  for  the  constituting  of  free- 
men was  in  debate,  an  exception  was  made  in  favor  of  c  the  old 
planters,'  and  '  Mr.  Humfrey.'  In  discharging  the  duties  of  an  As- 
sistant in  the  General  Government,  he  devoted  his  time  and  energies 
for  seven  years  to  the  service  of  the  State,  and  seems  not  to  have 
been  surpassed  in  devotedness  to  her  welfare.  But  with  all  his 
honors  and  possessions,  a  shade  of  dissatisfaction  had  spread  itself 
over  his  prospects,  which  his  numerous  misfortunes  contributed  to 
darken.  The  disappointment  of  the  Bahamas  must  have  been  se- 
verely felt,  by  a  mind  so  ambitious  of  honor  as  his  appears  to  have 
been  ;  and  it  is  not  improbable  that  he  experienced  a  secret  chagrin 
at  seeing  the  young  and  uninformed  Henry  Vane  promoted  to  the 
office  of  Governor,  above  one  whose  years,  knowledge,  and  services, 
entitled  him  to  precedence.  It  is  probable,  likewise,  that  his  affec- 
tion for  his  wife,  whose  hopes  were  in  the  land  of  her  nativity,  had 
some  influence  in  determining  his  conduct.  Living  so  far  removed 
from  the  elegant  circles  in  which  she  had  delighted,  and  having  lost 
the  sister  (the  Lady  Arabella)  who  might  have  been  the  companion 
of  her  solitude,  the  Lady  Susan  was  weary  of  the  privations  of  the 
wilderness,  the  howling  of  wild  beasts,  and  the  uncouth  manners  of 
the  savages,  and  had  become  lonely,  disconsolate,  and  homesick.  She 
had  been  the  delight  of  her  father's  house,  and  glittered  in  all  the 
pride  of  youth  and  beauty,  in  the  court  of  the  first  monarch  in 
Europe,  was  now  solitary  and  sad,  separated  by  a  wide  ocean  from 
her  father's  home.  The  future  greatness  of  America,  which  was 
then  uncertain  and  ideal,  presented  no  inducement  to  her  mind  to 
counterbalance  the  losses  which  were  first  to  be  endured ;  and  the 
cold  and  barren  wilderness  of  Saugus,  populated  by  its  few  lonely 
cottages,  round  which  the  Indians  were  roaming  by  day,  and  the 
wolves  making  their  nightly  excursions,  had  nothing  lovely  to  offer 
to  soothe  her  sorrows  or  elevate  her  hopesl  What  the  misfortunes 
and  disappointments  of  Mrs.  Humfrey  had  begun,  her  importunities 
completed.  He  sold  the  principal  part  of  his  farm  to  Lady  Moody, 
and  returned  to  England  with  his  wife,  on  the  26th  October,  1641. 
They  were  much  censured  for  leaving  their  children,  but  their  inten- 
tion of  visiting  the  Bahamas,  and  the  approaching  inclemency  of  the 
season,  rendered  it  imprudent  to  take  them,  and  they  undoubtedly 
intended  to  return  or  send  for  them.  That  Mr.  Humfrey  possessed 
deep  sympathies,  his  letters  sufficiently  evince ;  and  it  would  be  ex- 
tremely uncharitable  to  suppose  that  the  Lady  Susan  was  without 


110 

the  endowments  of  maternal  love.  A  woman  of  high  feelings  and 
keen  sensibilities — the  daughter  of  an  English  Earl — and,  according 
to  Mr.  Mather's  own  account,  of  '  the  best  family  of  any  nobleman 
then  in  England,' — it  cannot  be  supposed  that  she  was  destitute  of 
those  affections  which  form  the  characteristic  charm  of  her  sex.  The 
emotions  of  the  heart  are  not  always  regulated  by  rule,  and  disap- 
pointment sometimes  makes  sad  havoc  with  the  best  feelings  of  our 
nature.  They  embarked  from  King's  Beach,  near  Black  Will's  Cliff. 
The  misfortunes  which  afterward  befell  some  of  the  children,  inflict- 
ed a  wound  on  the  heart  of  the  affectionate  father  from  which  he 
never  recovered." 

Gen.  Humfrey  died  in  1661.  Gov.  Winthrop  well 
knew  his  worth.  Speaking  of  his  discontent,  and  in- 
tention of  removal  at  the  close  of  1639 — "  among 
whom  the  chief  was  John  Humfrey,  Esq.,  a  gentleman 
of  special  parts  of  learning  and  activity,  and  a  godly 
man,  who  had  been  one  of  the  first  beginners  in  pro- 
moting of  this  plantation,  and  had  labored  very  much 
therein.  He  being  brought  low  in  his  estate,  and  hav- 
ing many  children,  and  being  known  to  the  Lords  of 
Providence,  and  offering  himself  to  their  service,  was 
accepted  to  be  the  next  Governor."  He  never  bore 
any  office  in  the  Ar.  Co.  There  is  a  biographical  sketch 
of  him  in  the  Boston  Commercial  Gazette,  printed  Au- 
gust 31st,  1826. 

CAPT.  JAMES  OLIVER,  Boston;  freeman  October  12th, 
1640.  He  was  son  of  the  worthy  Elder  Thomas  Oliver. 
He  was  chosen  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1651,  Lieutenant 
1653,  and  Captain  in  1656,  and  a  second  time  in  1666. 
He  was  a  Selectman  of  Boston  in  1653,  by  the  title  of 
Cornet,  and  may  have  been  an  officer  in  Capt.  William 
Davis's  troop  of  horse. 

In  1675,  many  Indians,  "  who  had  subjected  them- 
selves to  the  English,  were  hurried  down  to  Deer  Island, 
where  they  remained  during  the  winter,"  and  suffered 
severely.  "On  the  10th  of  September,  at  nine  o'clock 


Ill 

at  night,  (such  was  the  alarm  of  the  people,)  there 
gathered  together  about  forty  men,  some  of  note,  and 
came  to  the  house  of  Capt.  James  Oliver ;  two  or  three 
of  them  went  into  his  entry  to  desire  to  speak  with  him, 
which  was  to  desire  him  to  be  their  leader,  and  they 
should  join  together,  and  go  and  break  open  the  prison, 
and  take  one  Indian  out  thence  and  hang  him.  Capt. 
Oliver,  hearing  their  request,  took  his  cane  and  cudgel- 
ed them  stoutly,  and  so  for  that  time  dismissed  the 
company,  which  had  he  in  the  least  countenanced, 
it  might  have  been  accompanied  with  ill  events  in  the 
end."  He  was  a  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

MAJ.  SAMUEL  SHEPHERD,  Cambridge — spelt  by  Far- 
mer Shepard — freeman  1636.  He  was  brother  of  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Shepard,  and  arrived  in  New  England 
October  2d,  1635.  He  was  Representative  from  Cam- 
bridge, 1639,  1640,  1644  and  1645.  He  returned  to 
England,  and  in  1658  was  a  Major,  living  in  Ireland. 
Probably  he  was  an  officer  in  Oliver's  service. 

JOHN  FRIEND,  Salem  ;  carpenter.  He  was  admitted 
a  tmvnsman  in  Boston,  50th  March,  1640.  His  family, 
in  1637,  consisted  of  eleven  persons.  He  died  1655-6. 
Winthrop,  in  one  of  his  letters,  1 636,  mentions  a  John 
Friend ;  whence  I  should  conclude  he  was  then  in 
England. 

WENTWORTH  DAY. 

HENRY  LOOKER,  Sudbury ;  freeman  1643.  This  name 
on  the  old  roll  reads  (blank)  Lucar.  Farmer  thinks  it 
should  be  spelt  Lukar,  but  from  him  I  am  disposed  to 
think  the  person  meant  was  Henry  Looker.  This  name 
may  have  been  also  altered,  and  Loker,  of  the  present 
day,  may  mean  the  same. 

FRANCIS  LYALL,  Boston  in  1638  ;  barber.  He  kept 
opposite  where  the  Old  South  now  stands,  and  without 


112 

doubt  is  the  Francis  Lisle  spoken  of  by  Snow,  118,  and 
also  the  person  who  went  with  Rainsburrow,  Stoughton, 
Bourne,  Leverett  and  Hudson  to  England,  and  served 
in  the  Parliament's  army.  Winthrop  speaks  of  him  by 
the  name  of  Lioll,  as  "  surgeon  of  the  Earl  of  Man- 
chester's Life-guard,"  and  says  that  they  all  returned 
"  save  the  surgeon."  Snow,  in  a  note,  seems  to  con- 
jecture that  "  he  was  the  Barber-chirurgeon,  who  lost 
his  life  in  a  snow-storm,  while  on  his  way  to  Roxbury, 
to  draw  a  tooth  ;"  but  the  supposition  is  erroneous. 

FRANCIS  COSEN.     Farmer  spells  it  Cosin. 

THOMAS  LECHFORD,  ESQ.  The  old  roll  has  the  name 
Lachford,  Boston,  lawyer.  He  was  the  first  lawyer  who 
emigrated  to  New  England,  and  intended  or  hoped  to 
get  a  living  by  his  profession.  He  was  in  Boston  as 
early  as  1638,  and  came  from  Clement's  Inn.  In  the 
Colony  Records,  I.  294,  "  is  this  curiosity  in  legislative 
and  judicial  economy  :"  At  a  Quarter  Court,  Dec.  1st, 
1640,  "Mr.  Thomas  Lechford,  acknowledging  he  had 
overshot  himself,  and  is  very  sorry  for  it,  promising  to 
attend  his  calling,  and  not  to  meddle  with  controver- 
sies, was  dismissed."  "  Yet  the  very  calling,  by  which 
he  sought  to  earn  his  daily  bread,  was  that  of  an  attor- 
ney, and  the  following  year,  finding  that  his  labor  as  a 
scrivener  would  not  maintain  him,  the  poor  lawyer  (in 
1641)  returned  to  England."  It  seems  he  printed,  on 
his  return,  1642,  a  pamphlet  of  80  pages,  called  Plain 
Dealing,  or  Nevves  from  New  England,  which  hardly 
seems  to  deserve  the  full  malediction  Gov.  Hutchinson 
has  bestowed  upon  it.  The  work  is  exceedingly  scarce, 
one  copy  being  in  the  Ebeling  collection,  in  Harvard 
College  library,  and  another  in  the  hands  of  Francis 
Baylies,  Esq.  of  Taunton.  Savage,  from  whom  I  gain 
all  my  information,  says  "  it  is  remarkable,  that  a  con- 
siderable part  of  this  valuable  matter  is  in  a  beautiful 


113 

ancient  manuscript,  in  the  archives  of  our  Historical 
Society.  From  the  peculiar  spelling,  sometimes  more 
correct  than  in  the  printed  volume,  and  from  the  use  of 
short  hand  in  several  of  the  notes,  it  appears  to  me  to 
be  the  autograph  of  Lechford.  His  description  of  our 
ancient  forms  of  trial  is  interesting :  '  Twice  a  year,  in 
the  said  great  Quarter  Courts,  held  before  the  General 
Courts,  are  two  grand  juries  sworn  for  the  jurisdiction, 
one  for  one  Court  and  the  other  for  the  other ;  and  they 
are  charged  to  inquire  and  present  offences,  reduced  by 
the  Governor,  who  gives  the  charge,  (generally,)  un- 
der the  heads  of  the  ten  commandments.  Matters  of 
debt,  trespass,  and  upon  the  case,  and  equity,  yea,  and 
of  heresy  also,  are  tried  by  a  jury,  which,  although  it 
may  seem  to  be  indifferent,  and  the  magistrates  may 
judge  what  is  law  and  what  is  equal,  and  some  of  the 
chief  ministers  inform  what  is  heresy,  yet  the  jury  may 
find  a  general  verdict,  if  they  please ;  and  seldom  is 
there  any  special  verdict  found  by  them,  with  deliberate 
arguments  made  thereupon,  which  breeds  many  incon- 
veniences. The  parties  bo  warned  to  challenge  any 
juryman,  but  because  there  is  but  one  jury  in  court  for 
trial  of  causes,  and  all  parties  not  present  at  their  swear- 
ing, the  liberty  of  the  challenge  is  much  hindered,  and 
some  inconveniences  do  happen  thereby.  Juries  are 
returned  by  the  Marshal ;  he  was  at  first  called  the 
Beadle  of  the  Society.  Seldom  is  there  any  matter  of 
record,  saving  the  verdict,  many  times  at  random  taken 
and  entered,  which  is  also  called  the  judgment  The 
parties  in  all  cases  speak  themselves,  for  the  most  part ;  • 
and  some  of  the  magistrates,  where  they  think  cause 
requireth,  do  the  part  of  advocates,  without  fee  or 
reward.' ' 

Hutehinson  calls  him  "  a  discontented  attorney,"  and 
says  "he  left  England  about  the  year  1637,  being  dis- 
satisfied with  the  ecclesiastical  government,  and  having 


114 

\ 

made  himself  obnoxious  by  his  opposition  to  Episcopacy. 
When  he  came  to  New  England,  he  says,  he  found 
every  church  member  a  bishop ;  and  not  inclining  to 
become  one  himself,  he  could  not  be  admitted  a  free- 
man among  them.  The  court  took  the  advantage  of 
an  offence  of  another  nature,  his  going  to  the  jury  and 
pleading  with  them  out  of  court,  and  debarred  him  from 
pleading  any  man's  cause  besides  his  own.  He  became, 
in  England,  a  zealous  Episcopalian." 

Boston,  in  the  early  settlement  of  the  country,  was 
not  very  congenial  to  lawyers ;  for  as  late  as  January, 
1687,  there  were  only  two  lawyers  there,  one  of  whom 
had  recently  come  from  New  York. 

LIEUT.  JOSEPH  COOKE,  Cambridge,  freeman  1636. 
He  came  from  Earle  Colne,  or  its  vicinity,  to  New 
England,  in  October,  1635,  and  was  Deputy  1636  to 

1 640,  and  consequently  a  Representative  when  the  char- 
ter was  granted. 

LIEUT.  ROBERT  TURNER,  Boston,  shoemaker,  free- 
man 1634.  He  had  seven  sons  born  in  Boston,  one  of 
which,  Ephraim,  was  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1663.  Died  about 
1651,  as  is  inferred  from  the  Probate  Records. 

CAPT.  CHRISTOPHER  STANLEY,  Boston,  tailor,  admit- 
ted freeman  1641.  The  name  of  Stanley  stands  on  the 
old  roll  without  any  Christian  name  or  title.  Meeting  ac- 
cidentally with  the  name  of  Thomas  Stanley,  I  adopted 
it.  From  this,  Lewis  has  considered  it  as  the  Thomas 
of  Lynn.  I  prefer  the  evidence  in  favor  of  Christopher. 
He  was  a  considerable  landholder  in  Boston,  in  various 
parts  of  the  town,  and  died  April,  1649. 

JOHN  HURD,  Boston,  tailor,  freeman  1640.  He  had 
children,  and  died  September  23d,  1690. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  MARSHALL,  Lynn,  in  1635,  freeman 

1641,  tailor.     He  was  Representative  from  Lynn  in 


1659,  1660,  1663,  1664,  1667  and  1668.  I  find  that  at 
the  Quarterly  Court,  November  29th,  1659,  "Thomas 
Marshall,  of  Lynn,  is  allowed  by  this  Court,  to  sell 
'  strong  water  to  tramllers,  and  alsoe  other  meet  provis- 
ions.' He  acquired  his  title  of  Captain  from  Oliver 
Cromwell,  in  whose  wars  he  was  a  soldier,  and  was  a 
man  of  great  frankness  and  hospitality."  Mr.  John 
Dunton,  in  his  Journal,  says,  "  About  two  of  the  clock 
I  reached  Capt.  Marshall's  house,  (which  is  half  way 
between  Boston  and  Salem ;)  here  I  staid  to  refresh 
nature  with  a  pint  of  sack  and  a  good  fowl.  Capt. 
Marshall  is  a  hearty  old  gentleman,  formerly  one  of 
Oliver's  soldiers,  upon  which  he  very  much  values  him- 
self. He  had  all  the  history  of  the  civil  wars  at  his 
fingers'  end,  and,  if  we  may  believe  him,  Oliver  did 
hardly  any  thing  that  was  considerable  without  his  as- 
sistance ;  and  if  I'd  have  staid  as  long  as  he'd  have 
talk'd,  he'd  have  spoil'd  my  ramble  to  Salem."*  He 
died  the  23d  of  December,  1689,  leaving  a  widow  and 
several  children.  He  accompanied  Capt.  Bridges,  in 
his  embassy  to  D'Aulney  in  1645,  by  the  title  of  Ser- 
geant. 

In  1658,  Lieut.  Thomas  Marshall  was  authorised  by 
Court  "  to  perform  the  ceremony  of  marriage,  and  to 
take  testimony  in  civil  causes." 

There  was  a  Thomas  Marshall,  of  Boston,  shoemaker, 
who  was  a  Representative  from  Boston  in  1650,  but  I 
think  he  was  not  a  member. 

HENRY  DUNSTER.  This  name  appears  without  a 
Christian  name  on  the  old  roll.  1  can  find  no  trace  of 
any  other  surname  than  Henry ;  for  it  is  by  no  means 
improbable  that  a  man  situated  as  he  was,  a  candidate 
for  the  ministry,  one  of  the  church  militant,  should  be  a 

*  Dunton  was  a  facetious  traveller,  and  speaks,  it  is  said,  very  accurately  of 
men  and  manners  in  those  days.     I  have  only  met  .with  extracts  of  his  Journal. 


116 

X 

member  of  the  Ar.  Co.  One  of  hjs  successors,  Presi- 
dent Quincy,  gave  a  toast  at  one  of  the  Ar.  Go's  anni- 
versary dinners,  very  nearly  in  these  words :  "  The 
memory  of  our  pious  ancestors  of  New  England,  who, 
while  they  professed  to  do  all  things  by  the  spirit,  never 
neglected  '  to  bare  the  arm  of  flesh.' '  A  custom  has 
prevailed  in  the  Company,  time  immemorial,  for  the 
preacher  of  the  day  to  ask  the  blessing  at  the  anniver- 
sary dinner,  and  for  the  President  of  Harvard  College 
to  return  thanks ;  if  the  latter  is  absent,  it  devolves  on 
the  oldest  or  most  distinguished  clergyman  present. 
Once  I  have  known  this  done  by  Bishop  Cheverus,  the 
Roman  Catholic  Bishop  of  Massachusetts;  and  once 
by  Bishop  Inglis,  Episcopal  Bishop  of  Nova  Scotia. 

He  came  to  New  England  in  1640,  freeman  in  1641. 
He  owned  and  resided  on  his  estate  in  Boston,  at  the 
northeast  corner  of  Court  Street,  now  owned  by  Hon. 
P.  C.  Brooks.  He  probably  continued  an  active  mem- 
ber but  a  short  time,  for  he  was  inducted  to  the  office 
of  first  President  of  Harvard  College,  August  27th, 
1640.  He  resigned  that  station  October  24th,  1654.* 
Hutchinson  thinks  he  was  obliged  to  resign  his  presi- 
dentship on  account  of  his  having  made  a  profession  of 
his  belief  in  antipoedo  baptism.  He  died  at  Scituate, 
February  27th,  1659,  and  was  buried  at  Cambridge. 
He  left  a  widow,  but  no  children. 

JOHN  GUTTERIDGE,  Boston,  tailor,  was  admitted  mem- 
ber of  the  Church,  1642.  He  is  probably  the  same  per- 
son whom  Savage,  from  the  Colony  Records,  calls  John 
Guttering,  admitted  freeman  in  1642. 

ENSIGN  HENRY  PHILLIPS,  Dedham,  freeman  1638. 
Worthington  says,  "  He  came  to  Dedham  from  Water- 
town,  and  was  solicited  to  become  a  candidate  for  the 
ministry ;  he  chose,  however,  to  be  a  candidate  in  an- 

*  History  of  Dedham,  42.     Hutohinson,  also. 


117 

other  place,  but  some  events  prevented  his  settlement 
in  any  town,  and  he  became,  as  our  Church  Records 
say,  a  discouraged  and  broken-hearted  Christian.  Ma- 
ther inserts  his  name  among  the  ministers,  and  as  a 
resident  of  Dedham.  I  find  no  man  by  the  name  of 
Phillips,  who  could  be  alluded  to,  excepting  the  Mr. 
Phillips  above  mentioned,  and  who  had  a  dispute  with 
the  inhabitants,  about  the  cow  commons." 

He  was  an  Ensign  of  the  militia  in  Dedham,  and  in 

1657  resided  in  Boston.     Probably  he  was  the  Repre- 
sentative of  Hadley,  in  1672.     He  was  probably  the 
pious  Phillips  who  accompanied  Humfrey  to  England, 
in  1641,  and  to  whose  earnest  prayers  Winthrop  seems 
to  assign  the  saving  of  the  ship  during  a  perilous  storm. 
When  living  in  Dedham,  it  was  in  that  part  which  sub- 
sequently composed  a  part  of  Wrentham. 

LIEUT.  JOSHUA  FISHER,  Dedham,  freeman  1640,  died 
November  14th,  1645.  He  was  a  Lieutenant  of  the 
Dedham  militia.  He  built  the  first  saw  mill  in  Ded- 
ham, 1664. 

CAPT.  DANIEL  FISHER,  Dedham,  lawyer,  brother  of 
the  preceding,  was  admitted  freeman  1640.  He  was 
Captain  of  the  militia  there,  and  Representative  from 

1658  to  1682,  except  the  years  1659  and  1670 — Speaker 
of  the  House  of  Deputies,  1680 — elected  an  Assistant, 
1683 — and  died  at  Dedham,  November,  1683,  while  in 
that  office.     Administration  on  his  estate  was  granted 
November  29th,  1683.     His  inventory  was  £530  13  7. 

"  He  was  admitted  into  Dedham  Church  in  1639,  the 
record  of  which  is  in  these  words :  '  Daniel  Fisher  ap- 
peared to  the  Church  a  hopeful,  Christian  young  man, 
and  was  easily  and  gladly  received.'  From  that  time, 
he  was  employed  in  much  of  the  business  in  the  planta- 
tion. In  his  time,  the  notable  tyranny  of  Sir  Edmund 
Andros,  the  Governor  of  the  Colony,  had  less  plausible 


118 

pretexts,  than  those  measures  which  produced  the  war 
of  separation.  In  its  then  feeble  state,  it  was  more  in- 
sulting to  oppress,  and  it  was  more  dangerous  to  resist. 
But  danger  would  not  deter  a  brave  man  and  a  patriot, 
like  Capt.  Fisher,  from  doing  his  duty." 

"In  February,  1681,  Randolph,  the  agent  of  King 
James  in  the  colony,  exhibited  articles  of  high  misde- 
meanor against  a  faction,  (so  called  by  Randolph,)  in 
the  General  Court,  to  the  Lords  in  Council.  Among 
these  men  thus  selected  to  be  the  victims  of  royal  indig- 
nation, was  Capt.  Fisher.  June  14th,  1682,  Randolph 
wrote  to  the  Earl  of  Clarendon,  that  a  quo  warranto  Had 
issued  against  the  colony  charter,  and  that  a  warrant 
had  been  sent  out  to  carry  Thomas  Danforth,  Samuel 
Nowell,  Daniel  Fisher,  and  Elisha  Cook,  to  England, 
to  answer  for  high  crimes  and  misdemeanors,  and  inti- 
mates that  the  prosecution  which  his  papers  and  evi- 
dence would  support,  would  make  their  faction  tremble. Jr 

"  Capt.  Fisher  was  Speaker  of  the  House  at  this 
time,  and  was,  we  must  believe,  a  man  of  great  in- 
fluence therein,  otherwise  he  would  not  have  been  so 
much  noticed  at  the  British  court.  Indeed,  in  such  a 
time,  his  high  spirit  and  resolute  mind  would  not  permit 
him  to  be  a  timid  and  wavering  man.  He  lived  not  to 
witness  the  capture  of  Sir  Edmund  Andros,  and  the 
other  associates  of  his  tyranny,  at  Fort  Hill,  in  April, 
1 689,  and  an  end  put  to  their  oppressions  by  that  event. 
But  it  must  be  remembered  that  he  contributed  much 
to  cherish  that  firm  spirit  of  resistance,  which  produced 
that  change,  and  which  early  taught  what  a  brave  and 
united  people  might  do.  Many  of  the  descendants  of 
this  gentleman  have  been  respectable,  and  have  inherit- 
ed his  high  and  patriotic  spirit.  I  relate  one  anecdote, 
which  illustrates  the  character  of  this  family,  and  the 
spirit  of  the  times.  It  was  told  me  by  the  Hon.  Eben- 
ezer  Fisher,  of  this  town,  late  one  of  the  Council,  a 


119 

descendant  of  Capt.  Fisher.  When  Sir  Edmund  was 
captured  on  Fort  Hill,  by  the  Bostonians,  he  surrender- 
ed, and  went  unarmed  to  Mr.  Usher's  house,  where  he 
remained  under  guard  for  some  hours.  When  the  news 
of  this  event  reached  Dedham,  Capt.  Daniel  Fisher,  the 
son  of  the  proscribed  patriot,  then  dead — a  stout,  strong 
man,  possessing  his  father's  hatred  of  the  tyrant,  and  his 
resolute  spirit — instantly  set  out  for  Boston,  and  came 
rushing  in  with  the  country  people,  who  were  in  such  a 
rage  and  heat  as  made  all  tremble  again.  Nothing 
would  satisfy  the  country  party  but  binding  the  Gov- 
ernor with  cords,  and  carrying  him  to  a  more  safe  place. 
Soon  was  Capt.  Fisher  seen  among  the  crowd,  leading 
the  pale  and  trembling  Sir  Edmund  by  the  collar  of  his 
coat  from  the  house  of  Mr.  Usher,  back  to  Fort  Hill. 
History  has  informed  us  of  this  incident  in  that  revolu- 
tion, but  it  has  never  informed  us  who  took  the  lead  of 
the  country  people,  and  who  had  the  honor  of  leading 
the  proud  representative  of  a  Stuart  Prince,  the  op- 
pressor of  the  colony,  through  the  assembled  crowd,  and 
placing  him  in  safe  custody  at  the  fort." 

"  The  gentleman  here  noticed,  was  likewise  much 
employed  in  the  various  affairs  of  the  town.  Did  any 
enterprise  require  a  hardy  and  skilful  agent,  he  was  the 
man  most  likely  to  be  selected.  In  1663,  he,  with  an- 
other, went  through  the  wilderness,  in  search  of  a  tract 
of  good  land,  which  a  vague  rumor  had  hinted  was 
about  twelve  miles  from  Hadley.  He  had  the  honor  of 
being  sent  ambassador  to  King  Philip,  to  negotiate  a 
treaty  for  his  lands  at  Wrentham."  Mr.  Dexter,  in  his 
century  sermon,  says  "  he  was  learned  in  the  law."  The 
late  amiable  and  distinguished  Fisher  Ames  was  de- 
scended maternally  from  him. 


120 


1641. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  MANNING,  Boston,  was  Ensign  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1648.  This  name  was  spelt  Mutinying t  in  14th 
century. 

CAPT.  ROBERT  BRIDGES,  Lynn;  freeman  1641.  He 
went  to  England  soon  after,  and  returned  with  J.  Win- 
throp,  Jr.  in  1643.  We  find  him,  immediately  after, 
concerned  in  the  iron-works  at  Lynn,  in  which  he  had 
a  large  share,  and  had  his  house  near  them.  Winthrop 
having  inspired  him  in  that  undertaking,  was  the  proba- 
ble cause  of  his  coming  back  again  with  him.  He  lived 
to  see  this  speculation  or  enterprise  fail,  and  the  property 
sold  to  pay  Savage's  attachment,  notwithstanding  the 
vast  money  expended  and  great  encouragement  given 
by  the  colonial  government.  Suits  were  protracted 
against  this  company  for  20  years.  Hubbard  says, 
"  that,  instead  of  drawing  out  bars  of  iron  for  the  coun- 
try's use,  there  was  hammered  out  nothing  but  contention 
and  law-suits."  Lewis  says  they  continued  in  operation 
on  a  small  scale  for  more  than  an  hundred  years.  The 
heaps  of  scoria  are  nearly  overgrown  with  grass,  and 
are  called  "  cinder  banks."  He  was  Captain  of  the 
Lynn  Train-band  at  the  organization  of  the  militia  in 
1644,  and  must  have  been  the  successor  of  Capt.  Daniel 
Howe.  He  also  sustained  the  office  of  Ensign  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1642,  and  Lieutenant  1644.  Johnson  says, 
"  he  was  endued  with  able  parts,  and  forward  to  im- 
prove them  to  the  glory  of  God  and  his  people's  good." 

In  1644,  and  two  following  years,  he  was  Deputy 
from  Lynn,  and  in  1646  was  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Representatives.  In  1647  he  was  elected  an  Assistant, 
in  which  office  he  continued  until  his  death,  at  Lynn, 
1656.  His  house  was  burnt  down,  2d  mo.  28th,  1648. 
He  was  appointed  by  the  New  England  Confederation 
to  negotiate  between  them  and  D'Aulney,  and  carried 


121 

the  ratification  of  the  treaty  on  their  part  in  1646.  He 
joined  with  the  Governor  and  Assistants,  1649,  and 
signed  "  a  protestation  against  the  prevailing  custom  of 
wearing  long  hair,  after  the  manner  of  ruffians  and  bar- 
barous Indians"* 

11  On  Sunday,  July  20th,  1651,  three  men  of  the  Bap- 
tist persuasion,  from  Rhode  Island,  named  Clark,  Cran- 
dall  and  Holmes,  went  to  the  house  of  one  Witter,f  at 
Svvampscot,  where  Mr.  Clark  began  to  preach.  On 
hearing  this,  Capt.  Bridges,  the  magistrate,  sent  two 
constables  to  apprehend  them,  as  disturbers  of  the  peace. 
In  the  afternoon,  they  were  taken  to  Mr.  Whiting's 
meeting,  where  they  refused  to  uncover  their  heads. 
Mr.  Bridges  ordered  a  constable  to  take  off  their  hats, 
when  one  of  them  attempted  to  speak,  but  was  prevent- 
ed. At  the  close  of  the  meeting,  one  of  them  made 
some  remarks,  after  which  they  were  taken  to  the  An- 
chor tavern,  and  guarded  through  the  night.  In  the 
morning  they  were  sent  to  Boston,  and  imprisoned." 

v 

*  This  accounts  why  wigs  became  so  prevalent  in  New  England.  No  man  conld 
have  any  personal  dignity,  or  respect  shown  him,  without  wearing  a  huge  white 
wig,  a  three-cornered  scraper,  (hat)  a  pair  of  creaking  shoes,  with  ponderous 
silver  or  gold  buckles. 

t  .Many  singular  presentments  of  the  Grand  Jury  arose  in  Lynn,  about  this  time. 
The  town  was  indicted  in  1647,  "  for  want  of  a  staff  for  the  constable."  Mathew 
Stanley  was  indicted  "  for  winning  the  affections  of  John  Tarbox's  daughter  with- 
out consent  of  parents," — fined  £5,  with  2s.  6d.  for  fees;  and  one  Pinion,  "  for 
swearing  that  all  his  pumpkins  had  turned  out  squashes" — fined;  the  Court 
said  :  "  Let  no  man  make  a  jest  at  pumpkins."  Roger  Scott  was  indicted  for 
sleeping  in  sermon  time,  and  at  the  next  court  was  whipped.  It  was  the  custom 
in  Lynn,  then,  to  have  a  person  go  about  the  meeting-house  to  wake  the  sleepers. 
He  bore  a  long  wand,  at  one  end  a  ball,  to  knock  the  heads  of  the  men,  and  at  the 
other  end  a  fox's  tail,  to  brush  the  ladies'  faces.  Witter  was  indicted  for  saying 
no  man  ought  to  stay  in  meeting  to  see  a  child  christened.  The  town  of  Lynn 
passed  an  order,  in  1651,  that  no  one  should  wear  great  boots,  gold  or  silver  lace 
or  buttons,  or  silk  hoods,  ribbons  or  scarfs,  under  penalty  of  ten  shillings.  This 
puts  me  in  mind  of  a  story  from  the  old  records  of  Plymouth  Colony  in  those  days, 
when  Kingston,  formerly  a  part  of  Plymouth,  was  incorporated  as  a  town;  and  a 
question  arising  about  the  division  of  town  property — Plymouth  had  erected  a  gal- 
lows, and  whose  it  should  be  excited  much  debate;  at  last,  Plymouth  solemnly 
voted,  that  nobody  should  be  hung  on  their  gallows  but  Plymouth  people. 
16 


122 

In  1644,  Capt.  Bridges,  by  order  of  the  General 
Court,  had  "  the  care  of  two  great  guns"  belonging  to 
the  town  of  Lynn.  This  town,  and  Salem,  in  1645, 
petitioned  the  General  Court  for  liberty  to  form  an  In- 
dependent Company,  which  was  granted,  and  to  be 
called  "  Ye  Military  Company  of  Lynn  and  Salem." 

ADAM  OTLEIT,  Lynn,  in  1642 — spelled  Ottley  by 
Lewis.  He  married  a  daughter  of  Maj.  Gen.  John 
Humfrey. 

CAPT.  JOSHUA  HOBART,  Hingham — son  of  Edmond 
Hobart,  and  brother  of  Rev.  Peter,  first  minister  of 
Hingham — freeman  1634;  Representative  in  1643,  and 
served  in  that  office  25  years,  and  was  elected  Speaker 
of  the  House  in  1674.  He  died  July  28th,  1682.  This 
name  was  erroneously  printed  Hubbard  in  the  former 
edition. 

He  appears  to  have  been  one  of  the  principal  ring- 
leaders in  the  famous  military  quarrel  in  Hingham,  in 
1645,  which  disturbed  the  train-band,  the  town  and 
church  there,  and,  finally,  the  General  Court  and  elders, 
for  a  long  time,  and  finally  resulted  in  fining  all  parties,* 
not  exempting  his  brother,  the  minister.  Capt.  Joshua 
was  fined  £20,  being  the  highest  punishment  imposed 
on  any  of  them.  This  quarrel  arose  about  the  election 
of  one  Bozoun  Allen  to  be  the  first  Captain  of  the 
train-band  there  ;  a  more  full  account  whereof  will  be 
given  under  his  name.  Capt.  Hobart,  probably  in  conse- 
quence of  the  severity  of  the  court  upon  him  in  this  busi- 
ness, was  not  only  promoted  to  be  Captain  when  Allen 
removed  to  Boston,  but,  on  the  20th  March,  1655,  "by 
a  joint  consent  and  general  vote  of  the  town,  freed  from 

*This  resulted  very  much  like  Knickerbocker's  account  of  a  Dutch  trial  in  New 
York,  where  both  parties  were  fined,  and  the  constable  ordered  to  pay  the  costs. 
The  total  amount  of  the  fines,  in  this  case,  imposed  on  the  Hingham  delinquents, 
being  90  in  number,  was  £155  10. 


123 

paying  any  rates  for  the  public  charge  of  the  town  dur- 
ing the  time  that  he  is  chief  officer  of  the  town  for 
the  exercise  of  the  military  company."  This  famous 
affair  did  not  prevent  him  or  Allen,  who  was  also  a 
Deputy,  from  sitting  and  acting  thereon  in  the  House 
of  Deputies  at  the  time,  and,  we  have  reason  to  think, 
in  the  case  itself. 

JOHN  HU.MFREY,  Junior,  Lynn,  was  the  eldest  son  of 
Gen.  John  Humfrey,  Ar.  Co.  1640.  He  probably  re- 
turned to  England,  and  died  there.  A  letter  of  attorney, 
in  1684,  was  sent  to  a  Mr.  Humphrey,  to  appear  and 
answer  for  the  province  concerning  Andros'  troubles, 
and  may  mean  the  same  person. 

JOHN  SEVERNE,  Boston;  freeman  1637. 

THOMAS  BARKER,  Weymouth  ;  freeman  1640.  The 
old  roll  has  no  Christian  name,  but  says,  "  Barker  of 
Weymouth." 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  TORREY,  Weymouth  ;  freeman  1642. 
In  1644,  he  was  Lieutenant  of  the  Train-band  of  that 
town,  under  Capt.  W.  Perkins,  and  became  afterward 
his  successor.  He  was  Deputy  from  Weymouth  from 
1642  to  1649,  excepting  1646  and  1647,  and  again 
Representative  1679,  1630,  1681,  1682,  and  1683. 
Johnson  says,  "  he  was  a  good  penman  and  skilled  in 
the  Latin  tongue,  usually  Clarke  of  the  Deputies." 
November  30th,  1683,  is  the  following  short  and  pithy 
vote :  "  The  Deputies  consent  not,  but  adhere  to  their 
former  bills.  William  Torrey,  Cler."  His  will  is  dated 
May  15th,  1686,  proved  July  2d,  1691,  and  his  inven- 
tory 360  10  6 — of  which,  houses,  land,  and  meadow, 
£260. 

ENSIGN  JEREMIAH  HOWCHIN,  Boston,  tanner ;  freeman 
1640.  There  is  some  variety  in  both  Christian  and 
surname ;  thus — Jeremy  is  adopted  by  Farmer,  and 


124 

most  frequently  by  the  Boston  records  and  in  the  list  of 
freemen ;  but  I  like  not  a  nickname,  unless  from  neces- 
sity, by  which  people  are  often  vulgarly  known — the 
true  name  is  far  preferable.  The  surname  is  also  vari- 
ously spelt ;  thus — Honcliin,  by  Farmer  ;  Howchems,  in 
the  Colony  Records ;  but,  after  all,  there  was  such  a 
man  as  Jeremiah  Howchin.  He  was  Representative 
from  Hingham  from  1651  to  1659,  excepting  1656,  and 
Deputy  from  Salisbury  in  1663.  He  was  admitted  a 
member  of  Dorchester  Church  in  1639,  where  he  may 
possibly  have  resided  a  short  time.  But  the  fact  is,  he 
set  up  and  owned  a  large  tannery  at  the  corner  of  Court 
and  Hanover  streets,  where  Concert  Hall  now  is,  and 
there  had  an  extensive  tannery  and  his  tan-pits.  He 
was  a  Selectman  of  Boston,  1653.* 

NATHANIEL  HOWARD,  Dorchester,  freeman  1643. 

ENSIGN  (JOHN)  ENDUED.  The  name  of  Ensign  En- 
dred  appears  on  the  old  roll  very  plain,  but  I  gain  no 
information  of  him,  and  the  Christian  name  is  adopted 
on  slight  evidence. 

JOHN  COLLINS,  Boston,  shoemaker,  freeman  1646,  a 
member  of  the  Boston  Church.f 

COL.   STEPHEN  WINTHROP,  Boston,  freeman   1636, 

*  In  the  course  of  this  history  the  reader  will  find  many  men  Representatives  of 
towns  other  than  where  they  resided.  The  second  charter — that  of  William  and 
Mary,  1692 — put  an  end  to  this  custom.  The  various  local  interests  of  individuals 
in  new  townships,  their  proximity  to  the  seat  of  government,  and  the  consequent 
saving  of  travel  and  attendance,  no  small  burder^on  new  or  small  towns  or  states, 
afterwards  introduced  this  custom.  The  gentleman  here  named  being  a  tanner, 
peregrinated  about  the  country  for  hides  to  tan,  and  no  doubt  made  many  friends 
where  he  went;  hence  his  honest,  familiar  name  of  Jeremy;  and  perhaps  he  had 
a  remarkable  chin.  The  act  abolishing  the  privilege  of  having  non-resident  Rep- 
resentatives, passed  in  1694. 

1 1  suppose  this  should  be  Edward  Collins,  who  lived  in  Cambridge,  was  Dea- 
con of  the  first  church  there,  and  Representative  from  Cambridge  sixteen  years, 
yiz.  from  1654  to  1670,  excepting  1661.  He  had  a  very  respectable  family. 
I  adopted  the  surname,  John,  wl.elly  from  conjecture,  and  finding  a  John  Collins, 
of  Boston,  who  was  a  church  member. 


125 

was  the  5th  son  and  8th  child  of  Gov.  Winthrop,  by  his 
3d  wife.  He  was  Representative  from  Portsmouth,  N. 
H.,  1644.  He  went  to  England  with  his  brother-in-law, 
Rainsburrow,  and  lived  in  the  parish  of  St.  Margaret, 
Westminster,  and  commanded  a  regiment  in  Cromwell's 
service,  and  was  a  member  of  Parliament  in  his  time, 
for  Scotland.  He  was  the  Recorder  of  the  Court  in  Bos- 
ton, which  tried  Capt.  Bayley's  case  against  the  Lady 
La  Tour,  and  was  arrested  at  his  suit,  on  his  return 
to  England,  at  the  same  time  that  Capt.  Weld  (one  of 
the  jury)  was,  and  forced  to  find  bail  in  £4,000,  as  we 
have  related  under  Capt.  Weld.  "  He  was  much  trusted 
by  the  Protector.  He  succeeded  General  Harrison,  who 
troubled  Cromwell  so  much  with  his  anticipation  of  a 
kingdom  of  the  saints."  He  died  early,  for,  May  20th, 
1659,  by  Suff.  Prob.  Rec.,  Judith,  his  wife,  in  England, 
is  styled  "  relict  of  Stephen  Winthrop."  He  had  chil- 
dren born  in  Boston. 

Col.  Stephen  was  admitted  member  of  the  Boston 
Church,  March  1 6th,  1 633 ;  he  was  born  probably  in 
1621,  and  must  therefore  have  been  admitted  before  he 
was  thirteen  years  old.  The  following  extract  from 
Winthrop,  vol.,  1.  p.  125,  refers  to  him  and  his  younger 
brother,  Dean.  "  Among  other  testimonies  of  the  Lord's 
gracious  presence  with  his  own  ordinances,  there  was  a 
youth,  of  fourteen  years  of  age,  (being  the  son  of  one  of 
the  magistrates,)  so  wrought  upon  by  the  ministry  of 
the  word,  as  for  divers  months,  he  was  held  under  such 
affliction  of  mind,  as  he  could  not  be  brought  to  appre- 
hend any  comfort  in  God,  being  much  humbled  and 
broken  for  his  sins,  (though  he  had  been  a  dutiful  child, 
and  not  given  up  to  the  lusts  of  youth,)  and  especially 
for  his  blasphemous  and  wicked  thoughts,  whereby  Satan 
buffetted  him,  so  as  he  went  mourning  and  languishing 
daily ;  yet  attending  to  the  means,  and  not  giving  over 
prayer,  and  seeking  counsel,  &c.  he  came  at  length  to 


126 

be  freed  from  his  temptation,  and  to  find  comfort  in 
God's  promises ;  and  so,  being  received  into  the  con- 
gregation, upon  good  proof  of  his  understanding  in  the 
things  of  (Jod,  he  went  on  cheerfully  in  a  Christian 
course,  falling  daily  to  labor,  as  a  servant,  and  as  a 
younger  brother  of  his  did,  who  was  no  whit  short  of  him 
in  the  knowledge  of  God's  will,  though  his  youth  kept 
him  from  daring  to  offer  himself  to  the  congregation. 
Upon  this  occasion  it  is  not  impertinent  (though  no 
credit  nor  regard  be  to  be  had  of  dreams  in  these  days) 
to  report  a  dream,  which  the  father  of  these  children 
had,  at  the  same  time,  viz.  that,  coming  into  his  cham- 
ber, he  found  his  wife  (she  was  a  very  gracious  woman) 
in  bed,  and  three,  or  four  of  their  children  lying  by  her, 
with  most  sweet  and  smiling  countenances,  with  crowns, 
upon  their  heads,  and  blue  ribbons  about  their  sleeves. 
When  he  awaked,  he  told  his  wife  his  dream,  and  made 
this  interpretation  of  it,  that  God  would  take  of  her 
children,  to  make  them  fellow  heirs  with  Christ  in  his 
kingdom." 

GEORGE  PALMER,  Ipswich.  I  find  no  other  informa- 
tion concerning  him. 

JOHN  MYLAM,  spelt  on  the  old  roll,  Milam,  Boston, 
cooper,  freeman  1636,  was  admitted  a  member  of  Bos- 
ton Church,  1635. 

THOMAS  PARIS,  Cambridge,  freeman  1637,  physician, 
and  was  Surgeon  to  Capt.  George  Cooke's  Company. 
This  name  is  erroneously  spelt  Parris,  in  the  former 
edition. 

JOHN  HARDIER,  Braintree. 
JOHN  TOWNSEND. 

(SAMUEL)  NORDEN,  Boston,  admitted  freeman  1 666. 
Of  this  name  I  have  doubts,  there  being  nothing  on  the 
old  roll  but  Nudon. 


127 

JOHN  MOUSALL,  Charlestown,  born  1596,  came  early 
to  New  England  and  settled  at  Charlestown,  and  was 
admitted  freeman  1634.  He  was  Deputy  in  1635. 
Probably  removed  to  Woburn.  This  name  is  spelt 
Mushell,  in  the  Colony  Records. 

JOHN  WESTGATE.  He  probably  returned  to  England, 
for  there  is  a  letter  from  such  a  man,  dated  Harlestone, 
England,  5th  of  2d  mo.  1653,  to  Mr.  Thomas  Lake. 
See  Hutchinson,  vol.  I.  209,  and  Rev.  Increase  Mather. 
From  this  circumstance  I  should  judge  him  to  be  a  man 
of  note.  He  lived  in  Boston. 

JOHN  BIGGS,  Boston,  freeman  1634;  went  to  Ips- 
wich 1635. 

1642. 

ADAM  WINTHROP,  Boston,  freeman  1641.  He  was 
the  first  son  of  Gov.  Winthrop,  by  his  third  wife,  Mar- 
garet, daughter  of  Sir  John  Tindal,  knight,  and  his  sev- 
enth child,  and  was  born  in  England,  April  7th,  1620, 
and  died  August  24th,  1652,  aged  32.  His  wife  was 
Elizabeth  Glover,  and  his  son  Adam  was  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1692. 

MATTHEW  CHAFFY,  Boston,  ship-carpenter,  freeman 
1637.  He  was  admitted  a  member  of  Boston  Church, 
1636.  His  name  appears  on  the  old  roll,  Chafey,  and 
his  descendants  write  the  name  C/iqffee. 

WILLIAM  PATTEN,  Cambridge,  freeman  1645,  died 
December  10th,  1668.  This  name  stands  on  the  old 
roll,  Pattin,  without  any  Christian  name  ;  and  Nathaniel 
was  undoubtedly  a  son  of  his. 

NATHANIEL  DUNCAN,  JUN.  Dorchester,  son  of  the 
charter  member. 

THOMAS  GLOVER,  Dorchester,  was  probably  son  of 
the  Assistant,  John. 


128 

CAPT.  HOPESTILL  FOSTER,  Dorchester,  freeman  1639, 
Deputy  1652,  and  continued  Representative  from  Dor- 
chester 20  years.  He  was  Ensign  of  Dorchester  train 
band  in  1644,  and  afterward  its  Captain.  His  son, 
John,  designed  the  arms  of  the  Colony  of  Massachu- 
setts— an  Indian,  with  a  bow  and  arrow,  &c. 

LAWRENCE  SMITH,  Dorchester,  freeman  1643. 

LIEUT.  RICHARD  WAY,  Dorchester,  freeman  1643. 
Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1667,  and  its  Lieutenant  1671. 
Will  dated  Boston,  January  2d,  1696.  His  wife,  Han- 
nah, was  sister  of  Col.  P.  Townsend,  Ar.  Co.  1674; 
died  November,  1732,  aged  92.  , 

JOHN  BLAKE,  Dorchester,  freeman  1644.  There  was 
a  John  Blake,  a  member  of  the  Old  South  Church, 
probably  the  same. 

THOMAS  RAWLINS,  Boston,  carpenter,  freeman  1631; 
died  March  15th,  1660. 

CAPT.  RICHARD  WOODDE,  Boston,  freeman  1644, 
brewer.  His  name  thus  appears  on  the  old  roll  and  list 
of  officers,  but  elsewhere  I  find  the  name  spelt  Woode, 
Woody,  Woodee,  Wood,  and  Wopddy.  He  was  elect- 
ed Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1667,  Lieutenant,  1669,  and 
Captain  in  1677.  He  was  alive  to  witness  a  will  in 
1680,  and  there  is  administration  on  his  estate,  and 
inventory,  May  6th,  1681,  amount  £1090  19,  debts 
£400.  His  house  and  lot  of  land  are  appraised  at  £570, 
and  1500  acres  of  land  at  Quinnebaug  (Plainfield)  at 
£30.  He  must  have  been  an  active  member  35  years 
before  he  was  elected  Captain. 

JOHN  WOODDE,  Lynn,  as  early  as  1630,  freeman 
1640.  He  was  probably  a  junior  brother  of  the  pre- 
ceding, and  may  be  the  same  mentioned  in  Felt's  An- 
nals of  Salem,  p.  172,  as  of  Salem.  There  was  a  John 
Woode,  of  Boston,  who  died  1669-70. 


129 

MICHAEL  PEPPER,  Roxbury. 

MAJ.  GEN.  EDWARD  TYNG,  Boston  in  1639,  merchant, 
was  admitted  to  the  Boston  Church,  and  to  the  oath  of 
freeman,  in  1641.  He  was  Representative  from  Boston, 
1661  and  1662,  and  elected  an  Assistant,  1668  and 
thirteen  years  afterwards.  He  died  in  that  office,  Dec. 
28th,  1681,  at  Dunstable,  whither  he  had  removed,  aged 
81,  and  was  buried  in  the  Chapel  burial-ground,  Boston, 
where  there  is  now  the  tomb,  which  is  (says  Capt.  Tyng,) 
the  property  of  the  Waldo  family.  His  will  is  dated 
August  5th,  1677,  and  proved  January  19th,  1681. 
I  presume  it  should  read  1681-2.  He  speaks  therein 
of  "  old  age."*  He  is  said  to  have  been  Colonel  of  the 
Suffolk  Regiment,  but  no  such  office  was  known  till 
after  his  death ;  he  might  have  held  a  Colonel's  com- 
mission, under  the  king,  however.  He  was  chosen  by 
the  General  Court,  Major  General,  after  Leverett,  but 
what  year,  I  am  uncertain,  or  whether  he  ever  acted 
under  it.  He  had  two  wives,  and  children  by  both. 
He  was  the  son  of  Maj.  William  Ting,  Ar.  Co.  1638. 
He  had  a  son,  Edward,  Ar.  Co.  1668,  and  Jonathan, 
Ar.  Co.  1670.  He  served  as  a  Constable,  in  Boston. 
I  suppose  him  to  be  one  of  the  four  purchasers  of  the 
tract,  on  the  Kennebec  River,  called  the  Plymouth 
Company. 

RICHARD  STEWART.  I  can  find  no  information  re- 
specting him. 

CAPT.  ANDREW  BELCHER,  of  Sudbury  in  1640,  Cam- 
bridge 1646.  He  was  the  grandfather  of  Gov.  Belcher. 

HUMPHREY  BRADSHAW,  Cambridge. 

ROBERT  SELLING.  As  I  can  find  no  trace  of  him,  I 
am  strongly  led  to  think  the  name  on  the  old  roll  is 
mistaken  for  Lieut.  Robert  Seely,  or  Siely,  in  the  Pequot 

*  Suff.  Prob.  Rec. 
17 


130 

war,  who  was  of  Watertown,  and  freeman  1631,  and 
may  be  the  Capt.  Siely  killed  in  a  battle  with  the  In- 
dians, December  19th,  1675. 

ABRAHAM  ADKINS — spelt  by  Farmer,  Atkins. 

JOHN  COLE,  Boston.  Lewis  thinks  he  was  of  Lynn, 
there  being  such  a  person  there  in  1642 ;  but  I  rather 
suppose  him  to  be  a  son  of  Samuel  Cole,  Ar.  Co.  1637. 
John  Cole,  of  Boston,  is  said  to  have  had  sons,  viz. 
John,  born  1643,  and  Samuel,  born  1646.  There  was 
a  John  Cole,  a  school-master,  in  Boston,  1684 — who 
kept  the  first  free  writing-school  in  town — and  was 
much  beloved  and  respected  as  such. 

WILLIAM  SHEPARD — erroneously  spelt  Shephard  in 
the  first  edition. 

Jo  si  AS  EVANS.  Farmer  spells  the  Christian  name 
Josiah,  but  I  prefer  to  follow  the  old  roll. 

1643. 

CAPT.  HUGH  PRITCHARD,  Roxbury ;  freeman  1642. 

His  name  on  the   old  roll   appears  only  Capt.   

Pritchet.  This  mistake  may  have  originated  from  the 
mode  of  pronouncing  it,  and  Barnes  had  to  make  up 
that  roll  from  the  best  information,  in  1680,  which  he 
could  obtain.  He  was  Deputy  from  Roxbury,  1643, 
1644,  and  1649.  He  appears  to  have  been  of  Glouces- 
ter, and  a  Selectman  there,  1645.  He  was  Captain  of 
the  Roxbury  Train-band  in  1644,  according  to  Johnson. 
The  following  seems  different ;  for  Winthrop  says,  1647, 
26th  of  —  mo, :  "  Capt.  Welde  of  Roxbury  being  dead, 
the  young  men  of  the  town  agreed  together  to  choose 
one  George  Dennison,  a  young  soldier  come  lately  out 
of  the  wars  in  England — which  the  ancient  and  chief 
men  of  the  town  understanding,  they  came  together  at 
the  time  appointed,  and  chose  one  Mr.  Prichard,  a  godly 


131 

man,  and  one  of  the  chief  of  the  town,  passing  by  their 
Lieutenant,  fearing  lest  the  young  Dennison  would  have 
carried  it  from  him  ;  whereupon  much  discontent  and 
murmuring  arose  in  the  town.  The  young  men  were 
over  strongly  bent  to  have  their  will,  although  their 
election  was  void  in  law,  (George  Dennison  not  being 
then  a  freeman,)  and  the  ancient  men  over  voted  them 
above  twenty,  and  the  Lieutenant  was  discontented  be- 
cause he  was  neglected,  &c.  The  cause  coming  to  the 
court,  and  all  parties  being  heard,  Mr.  Prichard  was 
allowed,  and  the  young  men  were  pacified,  and  the 
Lieutenant."  Pritchard  was  sent,  in  1643,  with  Hum- 
phrey Atherton,  on  an  embassy  to  the  Narragansett  and 
Niantick  Indians. 

THOMAS  BELL,  Roxbury  ;  freeman  1636. 

JOHN  SCARBOROUGH,  Roxbury;  freeman  1640.  He 
was  killed  by  the  discharge  of  a  gun,  June  9th,  1645. 

CAPT.  PETER  OLIVER,  Boston,  merchant ;  freeman 
1640.  He  was  son  of  Elder  Thomas  Oliver,  and  broth- 
er of  Capt.  James,  Ar.  Co.  1640,  and  was  an  eminent 
merchant.  His' will,  which  is  a  curious  one,  speaks  of 
several  sons,  and  none  of  age — is  dated  April  8th, 
1670,  and  approved  May  5th,  1670.  Maj.  Savage  was 
a  witness  to  it.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Old 
South  Church  in  Boston,  May  1669.  He  is  erroneously 
stated  as  having  been  L.  L.  D.  in  the  former  edition. 
He  was  chosen  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1658,  and  its 
Captain  in  1669,  and  therefore  died  while  in  command. 
His  grandson,  Capt:  Nathaniel  Oliver,  was  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1717.  He  was  a  Selectman  of  Boston  1653,  by  the 
title  of  Cornet ;  he  also  may  have  been  an  officer  in 
Capt.  VV.  Davis's  troop  of  horse. 

JOHN  BUTTON,  Boston  ;  freeman  1634.  He  was  one 
of  the  persons  disarmed  by  order  of  court,  1637.  His 


132 

house  and  land  were  near  the  present  Chelsea  ferry- 
ways. 

RICHARD   BARTHELEMEY,    Salem ;    admitted   to   the 
church  July  31st,  1640  ;  freeman  1641,  and  died  1646. 

CAPT.  FRANCIS  NORTON,  Charlestown ;  freeman  1642. 
"  After  the  death  of  C apt.  Mason,  his  widow  and  execu- 
trix sent  over  Francis  Norton  as  her  general  attorney, 
to  whom  she  committed  the  whole  management  of  the 
estate.     But  the  expenses  so  far  exceeded  the  income, 
and  the  servants  grew  so  impatient  for  their  arrears, 
that  she  was  obliged  to  relinquish  the  care  of  the  plan- 
tation, and  tell  the  servants  that  they  must  shift  for  them- 
selves ;  upon  which  they  shared  the  goods  and  cattle. 
Norton  drove  above  an  hundred  oxen  to  Boston,  and 
there  sold  them  for  £25  sterling  per  head,  which,  it  is 
said,  was  the  current  price  of  the  best  cattle  in  New 
England  at  the  time.     Norton  did  not  return  to  New 
Hampshire,  but  took  up  his  residence  in  Charlestown." 
He  was  of  Pascataqua  in  1631.     About  the  year  1641, 
he  removed  to  Charlestown.     In  1644,  he  was  Lieuten- 
ant of  the  Charlestown  Train-band,  and  was  promoted 
Captain  thereof,  as  successor  to   General  Sedgwick. 
He  represented  Charlestown  in  1647,  1650,  1652  to 
1661,  excepting  1656  and  1657.     He  was  elected  En- 
sign of  the  Ar.  Co.  1647  ;  Lieutenant  1650,  and  Cap- 
tain twice,  1652  and  1655.     He  was,  says  Johnson,  "  a 
man  of  a  bold  and  cheerful  spirit,  well  disciplined  and 
an  able  man — also  one  of  a  cheerful  spirit,  and  full  of 
love  to  the  truth."     He  died  July  27th,  1667. 

JOHN  HILL,  Dorchester,  blacksmith ;  freeman  1642. 

CAPT.  JOHN  WEBB,  Chelmsford  ;  freeman  1636.  He 
removed  and  settled  at  Chelmsford,  which  he  represent- 
ed in  1663,  1664  and  1665  ;  was  a  Captain,  and  a  man 
of  wealth  ;  he  died  October  16th,  1668.  His  name  ap- 


133 

pears  in  the  records,  John  Webb,  alias  Evered.     He 
sold  his  seat  in  Chelmsford  to  Edward  Colburn. 

LIEUT.  ROBERT  WRIGHT,  Boston,  and  had  children 
born  there. 

RICHARD  CUTTER,  Cambridge;  freeman  1641. 

LIEUT.  JOSHUA  HEWES,  Roxbury ;  freeman  1634; 
Deputy  from  Roxbury  1641 .  This  name  is  spelt  Hughes 
in  the  former  edition ;  it  is  scarcely  legible  on  the  old 
roll.  He  was  elected  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1654.  He 
was  one  of  the  undertakers  in  the  famous  iron-works, 
before  mentioned.  I  suppose  him  to  be  the  Lieutenant 
of  the  Roxbury  Train-band,  who  was  superseded  by 
Capt.  Pritchard,  and  finally  acquiesced. 

HENRY  MADS  LEY,  Braintree — sometimes  spelt  Mods- 
ley,  Maudsley,  and  Moseley. 

WILLIAM  ROBINSON,  Dorchester  ;  freeman  May  18th, 
1642. 

WILLIAM  ASPINWALL,  Boston;  freeman  April  3d. 
1632,  and  has  the  prefix  of  respect.  He  probably  came 
over  in  the  fleet  with  Winthrop,  for  he  was  on  a  jury 
Sept.  28th,  1630.  He  was  elected  a  Deputy  from  Bos- 
ton, September  General  Court,  1637,  and  was  immedi- 
ately rejected  by  the  Court  for  his  having  signed  the 
famous  petition  about  Wheelwright,  This  petition  he 
drew  up,  and  his  name  was  included  among  those  per- 
sons disarmed.  He  was  banished  for  his  famalistical 
opinions,  and  went  to  Rhode  Island,  and  was  the  first 
Secretary  of  that  Colony.  In  1642,  mo.  1st,  27th,  Win- 
throp says :  "  Mr.  William  Aspinwall,  who  had  been 
banished,  as  is  before  declared,  for  joining  with  Mr. 
Wheelwright,  being  licensed  by  the  General  Court  to 
come  and  tender  his  submission,  &c,  was  this  day  re- 
conciled to  the  Church  of  Boston.  He  made  a  very 
free  and  full  acknowledgment  of  his  error  and  seduce- 


134 

ment,  and  that  with  much  detestation  of  his  sin.  The 
like  he  did  after,  before  the  magistrates,  who  were  ap- 
pointed by  the  court  to  take  his  submission,  and  upon 
their  certificate  thereof  at  the  next  General  Court,  his 
sentence  of  banishment  was  released." 

He  was  chosen  one  of  the  first  Deacons  of  the  first 
Church  in  Boston,  at  the  time  of  its  organization,  Au- 
gust 27th,  1630.  After  his  return  he  was  a  notary  pub- 
lic in  Boston.  His  dwelling  house  and  estate  was  situ- 
ated on  the  main  (Washington)  street,  three  doors  above 
the  barber's  shop  opposite  the  Old  South,  and  extended 
from  the  main,  or  High  street,  to  the  common  ;  and  we 
find  the  name  of  Bomsted  near  him.  In  1644,  it  ap- 
pears he  went  on  a  voyage  of  discovery  to  Delaware 
river,  and  their  pinnace  was  fired  upon  by  the  Swedish 
fort.  Of  this  he  made  great  complaint  to  the  Dutch 
Governor,  and  particularly  that  they  were  forced  "  to 
weigh  anchor  on  the  Lord's  day."  He  is  said  to  have 
removed  to  Watertown,  and  his  name  frequently  spoken 
of  as  belonging  to  Dedham.  He  had  several  children 
born  in  Boston.  He  finally  went  back  to  England, 
probably  before  1653,  and  died  there. 

It  has  been  ascertained  by  Savage  that  he  published 
several  works  in  England,  among  which,  says  he,  "  I 
have  seen  a  very  curious  tract,  entitled  « A  brief  De- 
scription of  the  Fifth  Monarchy  or  Kingdom  that  is 
shortly  to  come  into  the  World ;  the  Monarch,  Subjects, 
Officers  and  Laws  thereof,  and  the  surpassing  Glory, 
Amplitude,  Unity  and  Peace  of  that  Kingdom,  &c.' 
And  in  the  conclusion  there  is  '  added  a  Prognostic  of 
the  time  when  the  Fifth  Kingdom  shall  begin,  by  Wil- 
liam Aspenwall,  N.  E.'  Its  title-page  is  garnished  with 
several  texts  of  Scripture,  distorted  in  the  usual  style  of 
that  day.  l  London  ;  printed  by  M.  Simmons,  and  are 
to  be  sold  by  Livewell  Chapman,  at  the  Crown  in 
Pope's-head- Alley,  1653.'  It  contains  fourteen  pages. 


135 

After  showing  '  that  there  is  such  a  thing  to  be  expect- 
ed in  the  world  as  a  fifth  monarchy,'  from  Daniel's 
vision,  fulfilled  in  part  by  the  execution  of  Charles  I,  he 
anticipates  a  farther  progress  from  the  destruction  of  all 
other  kings ;  '  and  then,  these  four  monarchies  being 
destroyed,  the  fifth  kingdom  or  monarchy  follows  imme- 
mediately.'  Proceeding  through  his  inquiries  of  the 
*  Sovereign,  (Jesus  Christ,)  subjects,  officers,  and  laws 
of  that  kingdom,'  his  fanatical  vaticination  favors  us 
with  '  some  hint  of  the  time  when  the  kingdom  shall 
begin,'  which  he  had  wit  enough  to  delay  so  long,  that 
the  event  might  not  probably  injure  the  credit  of  the 
living  soothsayer.  '  Know  therefore,  that  the  uttermost 
durance  of  Antichrist's  dominion  will  be  in  the  year 
1673,  as  I  have  proved  from  Scripture  in  a  brief  chron- 
ology, ready  to  be  put  forth.'*  Cromwell,  whose  power 
was  just  then  preparing  to  be  established,  knew  well  the 
dangerous  tendency  of  such  jargon,  unless  when  used 
by  himself;  but  though  he  applied  the  civil  arm  to  many 
other  dreamers  of  King  Jesus,  I  believe  he  left  the  New 
England  seer  to  the  safety  of  oblivion  or  contempt.  A 
more  useful  work,  with  a  well  written  preface  by  him, 
was  two  years  after  printed  in  London,  by  the  same 
printer,  for  the  same  Chapman,  with  the  ludicrous  prac- 
nomen — '  An  Abstract  of  Laws  and  Government,'  &c, 
collected  and  digested  by  John  Cotton,  of  Boston,  in 
N.  E.,  in  his  lifetime  presented  to  our  General  Court, 
•*  and  now  published  after  his  death  by  William  Aspen- 
wall.'  This  evidence  of  his  talents  is  preserved  in  I. 
Hist.  Coll.  V.  187.  The  respectable  family  bearing  this 
name  in  our  times,  is  not  descended  from  him,  but  Peter 
Aspinwall,  from  Lancashire,  in  England."  I  find  the 
following  short  writ,  in  1650,  described  by  Hutchinson, 
in  this  form,  by  which  it  appears  he  was  brief  in  judicial 
proceedings,  if  he  was  prolix  in  the  religious  nonsense 
of  the  day — viz : 


136 

"To  the  Marshal  or  his  Deputy: 

"  You  are  required  to  attach  the  goods  or  lands  of  William  Ste- 
vens, to  the  value  of  .£100,  so  as  to  bind  the  same  to  be  responsible 
at  the  next  Court  at  Boston,  29th  of  the  5th  month,  to  answer  the 
complaint  of  Mr.  James  Astvvood,  in  an  action  of  debt  to  the  value 
of  <£50,  upon  a  bill  of  exchange ;  and  so  make  a  true  return  hereof 
under  your  hand.  Dated  29th  2d  month,  1650. 

"  per  curiam, 

"  WILLIAM  ASPINWALL." 
• 

This  brevity  is  exceeded  only  by  the  warrant  of  an 
Indian  magistrate,  in  the  early  settlement  of  the  country, 
viz: 

"  I,  Hihondi, 
You,  Peter  Waterman, 
Jeremy  Thvvackit, 
Q,uick  you  take  him, 
Fast  you  hold  him, 
Straight  you  bring  him, 
Before  me.     Hihondi." 

FRANCIS  CHICKERING,  Dedham ;  freeman  1640.  .  He 
was  Representative  of  that  town  in  1644  and  1653.  He 
was  chosen  one  of  the  first  Deacons  of  the  first  Church 
there,  1650,  and  he  delayed  some  time  to  accept  his 
appointment,  on  account  of  his  affection  and  relation  to 
Mr.  Phillips,  in  England.  He  was  the  ancestor  of  the 
Chickerings  of  that  town,  and  those  removed  thence. 
He  was  the  largest  landholder  in  town,  in  his  day. 

JOHN  PLYMPTON,  Dedham — probably  the  same  with 
the  John  Plumton,  admitted  freeman  in  1643. 

BENJAMIN  SMITH,  Lynn;  freeman  1641,  and  was 
born  1612. 

EDWARD  FLETCHER,  Boston,  cutler,  was  admitted 
member  of  the  Boston  Church,  and  freeman,  1640. 

JOHN  GURNELL,  freeman  1643.  This  name  appears 
Gumall  on  the  old  roll,  but  I  am  inclined  to  believe  it 
is  Gurnell,  for  no  trace  can  be  found  of  any  Gumall. 


137 

THOMAS  JONES,  Dorchester ;  freeman  1658 ;  Deputy 
at  the  March  session,  1638,  and  consequently  a  member 
when  the  charter  was  granted. 

WILLIAM  WARE,  Boston  ;  freeman  1643,  admitted  a 
townsman  of  Boston  January  31st,  1653,  and  died  Feb- 
ruary llth,  1658.* 

JOHN  DAVIS,  Boston,  joiner  ;  member  of  the  church 
1635. 

JAMES  BROWNE,  Boston;  freeman  1636. 

SAMUEL  TITTERTON.     I  cannot  find  any  trace  of  him. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  BARRELL,  Boston,  cooper  ;  elected  En- 
sign of  the  Ar.  Co.  1656  ;  died  August  29th,  1658. 

JOHN  BERNARD,  Cambridge  ;  freeman  1635. 
MATHEW  BRIDGE,  Cambridge. 

THOMAS  BRIDGE,  Cambridge,  in  1648.  [Omitted  in 
the  last  edition.] 

LIEUT.  ROBERT  TURNER,  Boston  ;  freeman  1634 ; 
elected  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1661,  and  Lieutenant 
1662. 

LIEUT.  RICHARD  COOKE,  Boston,  tailor;  member  of 
the  Church  1634;  freeman  1635.  He  was  Representa- 
tive of  Dover,  N.  H.  in  1670.  His  will  is  dated  10th 
mo.  18th,  1673,  proved  December  25th,  1673,  wherein 
he  left  a  legacy  to  Harvard  College.  He  was  the  father 
of  the  celebrated  Elisha  Cooke,  of  Boston;  and  his 
grandson,  Elisha  Cooke,  jr.  of  no  less  historic  fame, 
who  was  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1699. 

CAPT  WILLIAM  DAVIS,  Boston;  freeman  164o.  He 
was  Captain  of  a  troop  of  horse,  in  Ninigret's  war.  He 

was  a  merchant  of  celebrity ;  by  some  he  is  represented 

• 

*  I  am  at  a  loss  to  distinguish  what  additional  privilege  townsman  would  give, 
which  a  freeman  had  not.  I  presume  this  must  have  been  the  ancestor  of  the  Rev. 
Professor  Ware. 

18 


138 

as  an  apothecary,*  probably  because  he  first  imported 
drugs  and  medicine  on  a  considerable  scale.  He  repre- 
sented Springfield  in  1652;  this  arose  from  the  cir- 
cumstance of  his  having  married,  1644,  Margaret,  the 
daughter  of  William  Pynchon,  the  Assistant,  the  founder 
and  leading  inhabitant  of  that  town.  He  was  probably 
the  Representative  of  Haverhill,  1668.  He  was  Commis- 
sioner to  King  Philip,  at  Taunton,  in  1671,  in  company 
with  William  Hudson  and  Thomas  Brattle,  and  was  join- 
ed with  Gen.  Leverett,  afterwards  Governor,  as  a  Com- 
missioner, united  with  the  Connecticut  Commissioners, 
to  the  Dutch  Governor,  Stuyvesant,  of  New  York,  1653. 
He  accompanied  the  brave  Capt.  Thomas  Lake,  in  his 
expedition  to  Kennebec,  1 676 — probably  their  joint  in- 
terest in  that  quarter  was  "  an  exciting  cause" — and 
with  him  escaped  at  a  back  door,  when  the  Indians  had 
gained  the  fort,  to  the  water's  side,  where  Lake  fell. 
Davis  was  wounded,  but  made  his  escape.  This  was 
rather  a  disastrous  affair.  Hutchinson,  in  a  note,  says, 
"  Davis  was  afterwards  of  the  Council  for  Massachu- 
setts Province" — but  I  cannot  find  any  corroborating 
evidence.  That  he  deserved  to  be  there,  is  true. 

Capt.  Davis  was  elected  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1652, 
Lieutenant  in  1659  and  1663,  and  twice  as  Captain,  in 
1664  and  1672.  His  will  is  dated  May  17th,  1676. 
There  is  a  tomb- stone  in  the  Chapel  burial-ground, 
Boston,  which  says,  Capt.  William  Davis,  died  1675,f 
JE  — .  The  tomb-stone  was  repaired  by  his  great  grand- 
son, Edward  Davis,  with  Connecticut  free  stone,  which 
is  very  perishable,  and  is  now  almost  illegible.  His  son, 
Maj.  Benjamin  Davis,  was  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1673.  He 
stands  at  the  head  of  the  founders  and  members  of  the 
Old  South  Church. 

*The  Boston  Church  Records  style  him  apothecary. 

t  The  discrepancy  of  the  year  may  be  accounted  for  by  the  architect  who  re- 
paired the  same,  or  his  posterity  not  being  accurate  antiquarians. 


139 


1644. 

CAPT.  JOHN  SMITH,  Boston,  tailor ;  admitted  member 
of  the  Church,  1638.  He  was  a  native  of  Ireland. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  TUTTLE,  Ipswich  in  1637 ;  was  Repre- 
sentative, 1644. 

THEODORE  ADKINSON.  He  came  from  Bury,  in  Lan- 
cashire, 1634,  and  settled  at  Boston,  and  died  in  August, 
1701,  aged  90.  He  was  a  felt-maker,  by  trade,  and  is 
the  ancestor  of  the  distinguished  family  of  that  name, 
in  New  Hampshire.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  and 
members  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

LIEUT.  NATHANIEL  WILLIAMS,  Boston,  laborer ;  free- 
man 1640;  member  of  the  Church,  1644. 

CAPT.  HENRY  BRIDGHAM,  of  Dorchester  in  1641,  Bos- 
ton 1644;  freeman  1643.  He  was  chosen  Constable, 
of  Boston,  1653,  and  was  a  Captain  of  militia.  His  will 
is  dated  1670,  proved  2d  mo.  13th,  1671.  Inventory 
£3608  19.  He  had  several  children. 

MAJ.  JOHN  RICHARDS,  Dorchester.  He  came  into 
the  Colony  in  low  circumstances,  as  Randolph  says  he 
was  a  servant ;  yet  he  became  an  opulent  merchant  in 
Boston.  He  married  Elizabeth,  the  widow  of  Adam 
Winthrop,  May  3d,  1654.  He  again  married,  Ann  Win- 
throp,  the  sister  of  Gen.  Waitstill  Winthrop,  as  appears 
by  the  deed  of  marriage  covenant.  This  may  account 
for  his  being  promiscuously  styled  as  of  Boston  and 
Dorchester.  He  was  a  Captain  of  militia,  and  suc- 
ceeded Thomas  Clark  as  Sergeant-major  of  the  Suffolk 
regiment,  in  1683,  which  office  he  retained  through 
Andross's  administration,  until  1689.  He  was  Treas- 
urer of  Harvard  College,  1672  to  1685.  He  was  Judge 
of  the  Superior  Court  in  1692;  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1665;  Lieutenant  1667  and  14370 — being  twenty-six 
years  from  his  first  becoming  a  member. 


140 

He  was  admitted  to  the  second  Church  in  Boston 
(I.  Mather's)  1664,  and  was  Representative  for  New- 
bury  in  1671,  '2  and  '3— for  Hadley  in  1675,  and  Bos- 
ton in  1679  and  1680,  and  was  Speaker.  In  1680  he 
was  elected  an  Assistant,  to  1686,  when  the  usurpation 
of  Andross  commenced.  He  was  appointed  one  of  the 
first  new  Council  under  the  charter  of  William  and 
Mary,  1 692,  and  continued  in  that  office  to  his  death, 
which  happened  at  Boston,  April  2d,  1694.  He  had 
been  employed  with  Dudley,  as  agent  in  England,  but 
remained  steady  to  what  was  called  the  country  interest. 

He  bequeathed  his  widow  all  her  property  back,  and 
£100  more,  and  also  £100  plate  and  household  stuff. 
He  gave  also  legacies,  £100  to  Harvard  College,  £100 
to  the  town  of  Boston,  and  £100  to  the  second  Church, 
and  also  numerous  other  legacies.  He  left  a  very  large 
estate.  His  will  was  approved  by  the  Probate  Court, 
but  his  widow,  like  most  women  who  marry  rich  old 
men  in  their  decline,  to  grasp  more  to  buy  a  new  hus- 
band, appealed  to  the  Governor  and  Council,  then  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Probate,  but  by  them  the  will  was 
ratified,  May  31st,  1694.  John  Foster,  Esq.  of  Boston, 
Ar.  Co.  1679,  was  one  of  his  executors.  I  have  never 
yet  heard  that  his  name  is  remembered,  commencement 
days,  by  the  College,  nor  has  Boston  yet  named  a  street, 
lane  or  alley,  after  him.  He  must  have  been  quite  aged, 
allowing  him  to  be  only  21  years  old  when  he  joined  the 
Company.  I  have  not  been  able  to  find  any  description 
of  his  character,  except  what  results  from  his  official 
stations  and  wealth. 

JOHN  READ,  Braintree;  freeman  1640.  I  suppose 
him  to  be  the  eminent  lawyer  spoken  of  by  Hutchinson. 

HUGH  WILLIAMS,  Boston;  freeman  1642. 

LIEUT.  MOSES  PAINE,  Braintree;  freeman  1647; 
Lieutenant  of  Militia,  and  Representative  from  that 
town,  in  1666  and  1668. 


141 

CAPT.  THOMAS  CLARKE,  Jr,  Boston,  shop-keeper — 
son  of  Major  T.  Clarke,  Ar.  Co.  1638 — Representative 
from  Boston  1673,  '4,  5  and  '6.  His  son-in-law,  Col. 
N.  Byfield,  was  of  Ar.  Co.  1679.  His  will  was  proved 
July  10th,  1678.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1662— Cap- 
tain 1673.  In  the  former  edition  the  title  Major  is 
erroneous. 

LIEUT.  THOMAS  ADAMS,  Braintree,  1642;  freeman 
1643 ;  removed  to  Concord  1646 — afterward  to  Chelms- 
ford,  where  he  was  the  first  Town  Clerk ;  Representa- 
tive 1673— died  July  20th,  1688,  aged  76. 

ROBERT  WILLIAMS,  Roxbury,  husbandman;  freeman 
1638;  came  from  Norwich,  in  England,  "and  is  the 
common  ancestor  of  the  divines,  civilians,  and  warriors 
of  this  name,  who  have  honored  the  country  of  their 
birth."  The  family  estate  at  Roxbury  belonged  to  his 
descendants  in  1826. 

THOMAS  ROBERTS,  freeman  1645. 

HENRY  FARNAM — probably  the  Henry  Firnum  free- 
man 1645 — sometimes  spelt  Farnham. 

NATHANIEL  MANWARRING. 

HENRY  KIBBY,  Dorchester ;  freeman  1642 — on  the 
old  roll,  Kebby.  Died  July  10th,  1661. 

RICHARD  RUSSELL,  Charlestown ;  freeman  1641. 
He  came  from  Herefordshire,  England,  with  Maud,  his 
wife,  1640  ;  Representative  1642,  and  several  years,  and 
Speaker  of  the  House.  In  1659  he  was  an  Assistant, 
and  continued  in  that  office  sixteen  years,  until  his 
death,  May  14th,  1676,  aged  65.  He  succeeded  Capt. 
Bridges  as  Treasurer  of  the  Colony.  His  grave-stone, 
in  the  old  burial-ground  in  Charlestown,  says — "  Who 
served  his  country  as  Treasurer  more  than  treble  ap- 
prenticeship." He  was  therefore  in  public  life  more 


142 

than  thirty  years.     He  gave  a  legacy  of  £100  to  Har- 
vard College,  but  little  thereof  was  ever  realized. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  PHILLIPS,  Charlestown,  in  1640; 
freeman ;  afterwards  removed  to  Boston.  Ensign  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1655  ;  Lieutenant  1657.  His  will  is  dated 
Sept.  9th,  1683. 

ENSIGN  ROBERT  HALE,  Charlestown ;  a  founder  of 
the  Church  there  in  1632,  and  Deacon ;  freeman  1634. 
Ensign  of  the  Train-band.  He  died  July  19th,  1659. 

JOSHUA  TODD  ;  freeman  1639. 

JOHN  BAKER,  Boston,  1640 — husbandman ;  freeman 
1641  ;  removed  to  Nevvbury ;  member  of  the  Boston 
Church. 

DEANE  WINTHROP,  ESQ.  Boston — ninth  child  and 
sixth  son  of  Gov.  John  Winthrop — born  March  16th, 
1623;  freeman  1665.  He  was  concerned  in  the  set- 
tlement of  Groton,  which  was  probably  named  in  honor 
of  his  father,  whose  paternal  seat  was  in  Groton,  in 
Suffolk,  England.  He  died  at  Pulling  Point,  March 
16th,  1704,  aged  81. 

WILLIAM  BURCHAM. 
GEORGE  CLIFFORD. 

JOHN  ARNOLD,  Cambridge;  freeman  1635 — Arnoll 
on  the  old  roll. 

HERMAN  AD  WOOD,  freeman  1645.  Farmer  says — 
Harman  Atwood. 

ROBERT  CROSSMAN,  Taunton. 

ROBERT  WARE,  husbandman;  freeman  1647 — Ded- 
ham,  in  that  part  now  Wrentham.  Will,  Feb.  25th, 
1698,  speaks  of  "his  great  age." 

GEORGE  FAIRBANK,  Medfield.  Administration  May 
31st,  1683. 


143 

GEORGE  BERSTOW,  Scituate. 

ENSIGN  THOMAS  WELLS,  Ipswich;  freeman  1637. 
Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1644.  Died  in  October,  1666. 

ANDREW  DUEN,  Natick. 

(JOHN)  WOODBRIDGE.  On  the  old  roll  there  is  no 
Christian  name.  I  have  strong  reason  to  believe  it  was 
John,  brother  of  the  first  graduate  at  Harvard  College ; 
born  at  Stanton,  in  Wiltshire,  in  1613;  came  to  New 
England  in  1634  ;  settled  at  Newbury  as  a  planter,  and 
was  Town  Clerk ;  but,  becoming  a  preacher,  he  was 
ordained  at  Andover,  October  1645,  their  first  minister. 
He  went  to  England  in  1647  ;  returned  in  July,  1663, 
and  took  up  his  residence  in  Newbury  ;  an  Assistant  in 
1683,  and  acted  as  a  magistrate  till  his  death,  March 
17th,  1695.  Wells  and  Harris,  of  Ipswich,  his  neighbors, 
joining  just  before  and  after,  is  strong  corroboration 
that  he  was  the  person.  To  a  person  of  his  surname  is 
to  be  attributed  the  origin  of  paper  money.  Hutchinson 
says  his  name  was  Woodbridge,  a  New  England  man, 
and  calls  him  the  projector ,  about  1690.  Snow  men- 
tions a  Mr. Woodbridge,  school-master  in  Boston 

in  1644. 

ANTHONY  Harris,  Ipswich. 

EDWARD  LARKIN,  Charlestown  ;  freeman  1640.  Had 
children. 

THOMAS  PHILLIPS. 

ISAAC  WALKER,  Boston,  merchant;  freeman  1646. 
Lieutenant  Isaac  Walker,  Ar.  Co.  1676,  probably  his 
son.  Member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

JOHN  BUTLER,  Boston;  freeman  1635;  physician; 
administration  Oct.  5th,  1682. 

ANTHONY  FISHER,  Dedham — that  part  now  called 
Wrentham — freeman  1645;  perhaps  brother  of  Joshua 


144 

and  Daniel,  before  mentioned.     He  died  at  Dorchester, 
about  1670.     Inventory,  £359  5  2. 

DAVID  KELLY,  Boston  ;  had  children. 

PETER  SALTON STALL,  youngest  son  of  Sir  Richard,  of 
VVatertown.  It  is  from  this  son  that  the  Saltonstalls  in 
Haverhill  descended— Col.  Richard,  Ar.  Co.  1733,  a 
grandson  of  Peter. 

RALPH  FOGG,  Salem;  freeman  1634.  He  died  in 
London,  1674. 

We  have  thus  described  the  characters  of  the  distin- 
guished members  of  the  Company,  during  the  first  years 
of  its  establishment ;  by  which  the  reader  can  obtain  a 
just  conception  of  the  views,  manners  and  principles  of 
the  first  settlers  of  the  Colony.  Two  hundred  and 
forty-five  have  been  noticed,  borne  on  the  roll  in  eight 
years  under  the  charter,  of  all  occupations  and  profes- 
sions ;  distinguished  citizens,  municipal  officers,  dea- 
cons, and  almost  all  church  members  ;  widely  scattered 
in  the  Colony  and  adjacent  parts.  The  popularity  and 
usefulness  of  the  Artillery  Company  must  have  been 
widely  extended,  when  composed  of  such  venerable  and 
efficient  materials.  Then,  its  origin  was  from  the  most 
laudable  motives,  its  increase  most  rapid,  and  conse- 
quently its  usefulness  became  extensive.  Indeed,  all 
its  first  members  were  the  most  distinguished  and  hon- 
orable men  in  the  country.  Gov.  Winthrop,  although 
at  first  somewhat  averse  to  granting  the  charter,  be- 
came its  decided  friend ;  for  Stephen,  Adam  and  Deane, 
three  of  his  sons,  as  they  respectively  came  of  age,  were 
members. 

The  first  regular  organization  of  the  Militia  of  Mas- 
sachusetts having  taken  place  during  1644,  it  is  proper 
to  give  a  more  comprehensive  view  thereof;  since  that 
fact  is  intimately  connected  with  the  Company,  and 


most  of  the  officers  of  the  volunteer  train-bands,  and 
the  militia,  were  members  of  it.  The  knowledge  they 
there  acquired,  and  disseminated  through  the  militia  at 
large,  rendered  the  institution  a  Nursery  of  Soldiers — 
a  name  which  it  long  deservedly  retained. 

The  scattered  situation  of  the  voluntary  train-bands, 
and  the  necessity  of  union  and  concert  induced  the 
General  Court  to  organize  the  militia  in  164i,  for  the 
purpose  of  being  in  a  ready  posture  for  emergencies. 
The  emulation  of  the  people  was  excited  to  aid  the  gov- 
ernment by  training  frequently  the  citizens,  and  the  lib- 
eral contributions  in  labor  and  money  to  effect  a  strong 
bulwark  of  defence.  Great  exertions  were  made  every 
where,  to  render  the  militia  efficient,  and  even  boys  un- 
der sixteen  were  instructed  in  various  exercises ;  all 
males  were  enrolled  at  sixteen.  The  soldiers  were  to 
do  duty  eight  days  in  every  year,  for  the  neglect  of 
wKich,  an  individual  incurred  a  penalty  of  five  shillings 
per  day  ;  none  being  exempted  but  "  timorous  persons" 
— for  the  honor  of  the  age,  it  is  recorded,  they  were 
"  few."  A  day's  duty  was  a  whole  day  of  constant, 
laborious  exercise, — not  a  few  hours  spent  in  parade. 

The  Legislature  labored  to  avoid  high  titles ;  yet, 
order  they  knew  was  necessary,  and  therefore  enacted 
that  there  should  be  but  one  general  officer  in  the  Col- 
ony, with  the  title  of  Major  General,  or  Sergeant-major 
General,  commonly  so  called  ;  to  be  annually  chosen 
by  the  Legislature,  or  Governor  and  magistrates,  who 
were  a  standing  council  in  peace  and  war,  and  commis- 
sioned under  the  great  seal  of  the  Colony.  John  Hum- 
frey  had  been  Sergeant-major  General  several  years 
before,  but  the  office  was  merely  nominal  and  honorary. 
One  Major  General  sufficed  for  the  whole  State,  in  all 
its  vicissitudes,  for  nearly  one  hundred  and  fifty  years. 

The  Colony  was  divided  into  four  Counties,  and,  to 
exhibit  to  posterity  that  "  they  remembered  from  whence 


19 


146 

they  came,  were  called  Suffolk,  Norfolk,  or  Northfolk, 
Essex  and  Middlesex."  That  part  called  Norfolk  is 
now  principally  within  the  limits  of  the  State  of  New 
Hampshire.  It  was  further  enacted,  that  in  each  of 
these  four  Counties  there  should  be  a  regiment,  to  be 
commanded  by  one  officer,  whom  they  styled  Sergeant- 
major.  The  officers  of  the  several  companies  were  to 
be  chosen  from  the  major  vote  of  the  soldiers,  and  were 
installed  into  their  office  by  the  Sergeant-major.  It  ap- 
pears by  the  Colony  Records,  that  when  a  company  had 
elected  officers,  the  election  was  communicated  to  the 
General  Court,  and  they  approved  or  disapproved  ;  and 
probably  the  ceremony  of  installation  then  took  place. 
It  is  presumed  no  other  commissions  were  given,  unless 
such  an  order  from  the  Governor  and  Deputy  as  that 
described  under  C apt.  Daniel  Howe  may  be  so  consid- 
ered. The  ornaments  or  badges  of  the  officers,  were 

« 

extremely  simple ;  for,  even  at  the  commencement  of 
our  Revolution,  different  colored  ribbons  were  the  dis- 
tinguishing badges  of  office.  Our  ancestors  were  stu- 
dious to  avoid  every  thing  which  tended  to  excite  the 
vanity  of  the  officers,  both  as  it  regards  titles  and  deco- 
rations. The  Sergeant-majors  were  elected  by  the 
Captains  and  subalterns  in  the  respective  regiments ; 
but  how  they  were  installed,  or  whether  they  were  com- 
missioned, remains  an  uncertainty.  This  was  the  man- 
ner in  which  the  militia  was  first  organized,  and  the 
system  was  adhered  to  until  the  arrival  of  Andros,  in 
1686.* 

The  General  Court,  in  1644,  elected  as  Sergeant- 
Major  General,  the  much  honored   Thomas   Dudley, 

*J-Iutchinson  says:  "  Upon  the  division  of  the  Colony  into  Regiments,  Colonels 
and  Lieutenant  Colonels  were  appointed  to  each  Regiment.  This  lasted  but  a 
short  time;  ever  after  they  had  one  field  officer  only  to  every  Regiment, — a  Ser- 
geant-major and  a  Major  General  for  the  whole.  He  was  chosen  by  the  freemen." 
I  presume  there  was  no  such  officer  in  the  Colony  before  the  new  charter  as  Col. 
or  Lieut.  Col.  in  its  Militia. 


147 


Esq,  whose  name  is  subscribed  to  the  Company  Char- 
ter as  Deputy  Governor.  He  never  was  a  member,  but 
many  of  his  descendants  have  been.  His  faithfulness  in 
office,  great  zeal  in  the  affairs  of  the  colony,  distinguish- 
ed military  talents,  and  "  love  of  the  truths  of  Christ, 
led  the  people  to  choose  him  as  their  Major  General, 
although  he  was  far  stricken  in  years."  Capt.  John 
Johnson,  of  Roxbury,  was  appointed  Surveyor  General 
of  Arms ;  his  duty  was  to  visit  the  towns,  and  see  they 
kept  their  stock  of  ammunition.  The  bands  of  Nor- 
folk, viz.  Salisbury,  Hampton  and  Haverhill  were  at 
first  joined  with  the  Essex  regiment,  and  no  account  is 
preserved  of  their  original  organization.  The  follow- 
ing exhibits  a  Roster  of  the  other  regiments  as  far  as 
can  now  be  ascertained,  viz : 


Suffolk  Regiment. 


Towns. 
Dorchester, 


Edward  Gibbens, 

Captains. 
Humphrey  Atherton. 


Sergeant-major. 
Lieutenants. 
Roger  Clap. 


Ensigns. 
Hopestil  Foster. 


Roxbury, 
Weymouth, 
Braintree, 
Ilingham, 
Boston, 

Cambridge, 
Watertown, 
Sudbury, 
Concord, 
Woburn, 
Maiden, 
Reading, 
Charlestown, 

Hugh  Pritchard. 
William  Perkins. 
William  Tyng. 
Bozoun  Allen, 
vacant. 

Middlesex 

Robert  Sedgwick 

O 

George  Cooke. 
William  Jennison. 
Herbert  Pelharri. 
Simon  Willard. 
Edward  Johnson. 
Joseph  Hill. 
Richard  Walker, 
vacant. 

Joshua  Hewes. 
William  Torrey. 

Anthony  Eames. 
Thomas  Savage. 

Regiment. 

,  Sergeant-major. 
Daniel  Gookin. 
Hugh  Mason. 
Edmund  Goodenow. 

John  Whitman. 

Thos.  Cakebread. 
Timothy  Wheeler. 

Francis  Norton. 

Richard  Sprague. 

Salem, 
Newbury, 


Essex  Regiment. 

Daniel  Dennison,  Sergeant-major. 
William  Hathorne.*         Thomas  Lathrop. 
Gerrish.  Greenleaf. 


William  Dixie. 


'Those  in  Italics  were  not  members. 


148 

Lynn,  Robert  Bridges. 

Rowley,  Bridgham.  

Ipswich,  vacant.  Vacant  by  the  death   of  Lieut.  John 

Whittingham. 
Gloucester,  Wenham,  Andover,  had  made  no  election. 

These  regiments  were  by  law  to  assemble  by  turns 
once  in  each  year.  Winthrop  describes  a  great  train- 
ing in  Boston,  in  1639.  "  The  two  regiments  in  the 
Bay  were  mustered  at  Boston,  to  the  number  of  1000 
soldiers,  able  men,  and  well  armed  and  exercised. 
They  were  led,  the  one  by  the  Governor,  who  was 
General  of  all,  and  the  other  by  the  Deputy,  whe  was 
Colonel,  &LC.  The  Captains,  &c.,  showed  themselves 
very  skilful  and  ready  in  divers  sorts  of  skirmishes  and 
other  military  actions,  wherein  they  spent  the  whole 
day."  Here  was  collected  for  the  first  and  only  time 
the  whole  body  of  the  Massachusetts  militia.  Johnson, 
(whom  Savage  thinks  "  is  chiefly  valued  for  his  military 
array  of  the  people  in  their  several  settlements,"}  gives 
us  many  interesting  particulars  respecting  the  charac- 
ters of  the  officers  of  that  day.  Beside  those  already 
occasionally  introduced,  he  says  of  Simon  Willard  "  he 
was  a  Kentish  soldier;" — of  Hathorne,  he  "was  bold 
and  worthy — a  man  of  undaunted  courage  ;"  Greenleaf 
"  ancient  and  experienced."  He  then  adds  respecting 
the  whole,  "  also  some  of  our  chief  helps,  both  for 
church  work,  military  and  Commonwealth's  work  "  A 
troop  of  horse  was  raised  about  this  time ;  Capt.  Wil- 
liam Davis  is  named  as  its  commander :  "  it  was  a  fre- 
quent thing  for  the  officers  to  turn  troopers,  when  their 
own  regiment  is  not  in  exercise,  for  the  encouragement 
of  others." 

1645. 

MAJ.  GEN.  DANIEL  GOOKIN,  Cambridge,  emigrated 
with  his  father,  in  1621,  from  the  County  of  Kent  to 
Virginia,  where,  in  consequence  of  religious  persecu- 


149 

tions  he  came  to  New  England  in  1644.  He  was  ad- 
mitted a  freeman  May  29th,  1644.  It  was  unusual  for 
so  speedy  admission  to  freedom.  The  New  England 
Missionaries  of  1642  induced  his  removal.  The  Mng- 
nalia  regards  him  as  one  of  the  "  constellation"  of  con- 
verts made  by  Thompson. 

"  Gookins  was  one  of  them  :  by  Thompson's  pains," 
"  Christ  and  New  England,  a  dear  Gookins  gains." 

He  was  admitted  to  Boston  Church  same  year,  whence 
he  was  dismissed  to  Cambridge  September  3d,  1648  ; 
Representative  from  Cambridge  in  1649,  and  Speaker 
1651  ;  Assistant  1652  to  1686,  and  died  March  19th 
1687,  aged  75.  He  left  children. 

He  succeeded  William  Spencer  as  Lieutenant  of  the 
Cambridge  Train-band,  and  on  Capt.  George  Cooke's 
departure  was  elected  Captain  ;  thence  promoted  to  be 
Sergeant-major  of  Middlesex  regiment.  He  command- 
ed the  first  regiment  of  Middlesex  on  the  division  in 
1680,  and  Peter  Bulkley  of  Concord  the  second,  and 
llth  May  1681  succeeded  Gov.  Leverett  as  Sergeant- 
Major  General,  being  the  last  person  elected  to  that 
office  under  the  old  Charter.  He  never  sustained  any 
any  office  in  the  Ar.  Co.  "  He  had  been,"  says  John- 
son, "  formerly  a  Kentish  soldier,  and  a  very  forward 
man  to  advance  martial  discipline,  and  withal  the  truths 
of  Christ ; — and  was  drawn  hither  from  Virginia,  by 
having  his  affections  strongly  set  on  the  truths  of  Christ, 
and  his  pure  ordinances." 

He  was  thirty-five  years  a  magistrate,  and  sustained 
many  important  offices,  among  which  was  licenser  of 
the  printing  press  in  Cambridge,  and  general  superin- 
tendent of  the  Indians.  "  His  reputation,"  says  Savage, 
"  in  the  present  age  stands  justly  higher  than  it  did  dur- 
ing a  part  of  his  life,  when  his  benevolent  attempts  to 
serve  and  save  the  Indians  were  misinterpreted,  much 


150 

obloquy  was  uttered  against  him,  and  he  said  on  the 
bench  of  justice,  that  he  was  afraid  for  his  life  in  walk- 
ing the  streets." 

He  died  poor,  his  inventory  being  only  £323  3  11. 
He  was  in  disposition  lively  and  active,  which,  united 
with  generosity,  prompted  him  to  noble  actions.  Al- 
though somewhat  tinctured  with  party  spirit,  both  in 
religion  and  politics,  yet  he  was  a  firm,  dignified  repub- 
lican, and  prized  as  invaluable  religious  freedom.  As  a 
magistrate  he  held  the  sword  of  justice  with  effect,  to 
protect  the  rights  of  his  brethren  ;  and  as  a  soldier,  was 
ever  ready  to  wield  the  same  sword  against  the  enemies 
of  his  country.  Piety  and  morality  shone  conspicuous 
in  his  character ;  he  had  firmness  in  a  just  cause  to  stem 
the  torrent  of  popular  invective,  and  convince  his  op- 
ponents of  the  wisdom  and  integrity  of  his  conduct. 

CAPT.  ELIAS  STILEMAN,  Salem;  freeman  1642.  He 
was  admitted  to  the  church  18th  August,  1639,  and  re- 
moved to  Portsmouth,  1659,  which  he  represented  seven 
years.  He  was  Counsellor  under  President  Cutt,  1680  ; 
Secretary  of  New  Hampshire,  and  served  as  Captain  in 
the  militia.  His  residence  was  sometime  at  Great 
Island,  now  New  Castle.  He  died  in  1695. 

THOMAS  VENNER,  Salem,  wine-cooper ;  was  admitted 
t6  the  church  1637 ;  freeman  1638,  when  he  probably 
lived  in  Boston.  He  returned  to  England,  and  became 
a  preacher  to  a  sect  of  enthusiasts  called  Fifth  Monarchy 
men,  who  raised  an  insurrection,  which  was  suppressed 
by  the  civil  power,  when  Venner,  with  twelve  of  his 
followers,  who  declared  themselves  invulnerable,  was 
executed,  in  January,  1661. 

CAPT.  JOSHUA  SCOTTOW,  Boston,  merchant ;  freeman 
1639.  He  was  a  Captain  of  militia  ;  Ensign  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1657.  He  was  the  author  of  two  tracts,  published 
in  Boston  in  1691  and  1694.  He  is  said  to  have  died 


151 

1698.  His  name  appears  in  a  controversy,  1665,  be- 
tween the  Court  and  the  King's  Commissioners,  as  ap- 
pears by  Hutchinson.  He  was  an  ancestor  of  the 
learned  antiquarian,  Hon.  James  Savage,  maternally. 
He  was  a  founder  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

WILLIAM  WALE. 

THOMAS  RASHLEY,  Boston ;  member  of  Boston 
Church  1640,  and  is  called  a  student.  He  was  of 
Exeter,  N.  H.  in  1646  ;  minister  of  the  first  Congre- 
gational Church  in  Gloucester,  1 640  ;  probably  he  con- 
tinued there  but  a  short  time,  as  the  Rev.  Richard  Blyn- 
man  was  settled  over  the  same  church  the  next  year. 

CAPT.  ISAAC  JOHNSON,  Roxbury;  freeman  1635; 
Captain  in  Roxbury,  and  their  Representative,  1671  ; 
Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1666,  and  Captain  in  1667. 
He  was  one  of  the  six  Captains  slain  by  the  Indians  in 
taking  Narragansett  Fort,  Dec.  19th,  1675.  A  short 
will  of  his  is  dated  June  28th,  1675.  Inventory, 
£579  12  6. 

JOHN  BOWLES,  Roxbury  ;  freeman  1640. 

WILLIAM  LYON,  Roxbury ;  freeman  1666 ;  died  in 
1692. 

ROBERT  HINSDALE,  Medfield,  (Dedham  originally,) 
freeman  1638;  a  founder  of  the  church,  Nov.  1638, 
and  removed  to  Deerfield. 

DANIEL  KIHAM,  (Kilhen  on  the  old  roll.) 

CLEMENT  KOLDOM,  Lynn,  miller;  born  1622,  and 
died  April  8th,  1675;  spelt  Coldom  on  the  old  roll. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  LATHROP,  (Lothrop,)  Salem ;  free- 
man 1634  ;  Lieutenant  of  the  Salem  Train-band,  under 
Hathorne,  in  1644,  and  his  successor  as  Captain ;  Rep- 
resentative 1647,  1653  and  1664,  from  Salem.  He  re- 
moved to  Beverly,  and  was  a  founder  of  the  church 


152 

there,  1 667,  and  represented  Beverly  four  years.  He 
was  many  years  Captain,  and  sustained  that  office  in 
Philip's  war,  when,  with  more  than  sixty  of  his  men,  he 
was  killed  in  battle,  near  Deerfield,  Sept.  18th,  1675. 
Increase  Mather  calls  him  "  a  godly  courageous  com- 
mander." He  left  a  widow,  but  no  children. 

CAPT.  ISRAEL  STOUGHTON,  Dorchester — son  of  Lieut. 
Col.  Israel  Stoughton. 

JOHN  HUTCHINSON. 

HENRY  PARKER. 

1646. 

JOHN  SHAW,  Boston ;  had  several  children ;  died 
July  23d,  1687. 

EDMUND  JACKSON,  Boston  ;  freeman  1636  ;  shoema- 
ker, and  constable.  He  died  in  1683,  having  had  four 
wives  and  fifteen  children. 

CAPT.  JOHN  CAPEN,  Dorchester ;  freeman  1634 ;  Cap- 
tain of  militia;  Deacon  1656;  Representative  1671, 
1673  to  1678.  He  died  April  4th,  1692,  aged  80. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  CLARKE,  Ipswich,  one  of  the  first 
settlers,  1633  ;  freeman  1631.  Lewis  supposes  he  was 
of  Lynn. 

WILLIAM  BLAKE,  Dorchester  ;  freeman  1638.  Some 
think  he  was  one  of  the  first  settlers  of  Springfield. 
There  was  a  William  Blake  of  Milton,  husbandman, 
whose  will  appears  Sept.  30th,  1703. 

MAJ.  BRIAN  PENDLETON,  born  1599;  came  early  to 
New  England,  and  settled  at  Watertown ;  freeman 
1634  ;  Selectman  of  Sudbury,  where  he  resided  ;  Rep- 
resentative of  Watertown  several  years,  and  when  the 
charter  was  granted.  He  was  a  Captain  of  militia ; 
removed  to  Portsmouth,  which  he  represented  in  1654, 
'8,  '60,  '1,  '3  ;  Major  of  the  military  forces  at  Saco;  by 


153 

order  of  the  Court ;  purchased  a  neck  of  land  at  the 
mouth  of  Saco  river,  1658 ;  removed  thither  1665  ;  re- 
turned to  Portsmouth  in  1676  ;  appointed  a  Counsellor 
under  President  Danforth,  1680,  in  which,  or  the  next 
year,  he  died. 

JOHN  RUGGLES,  Roxbury  ;  freeman  1637  ;  died  about 
1658.  Some  say  this  person  was  of  Milton,  and  a  hus- 
bandman. 

CAPT.  GEORGE  BARBER,  Medfield ;  Representative 
1668,  '9  and  '82,  in  which  place  he  was  the  principal 
military  officer. 

WILLIAM  PARSONS,  Boston,  joiner;  freeman  1645; 
admitted  to  the  church  1643  ;  died  January  29th,  1702, 
aged  87. 

RICHARD  WITHINGTON,  Dorchester;  freeman  1640. 
Whittington  on  the  old  roll.  He  was  ordained  Deacon 
March  1st,  1669. 

EDMUND  BOWKER,  Salem;  died  March,  1666. 
RICHARD  HARRISON. 

CAPT.  ROBERT  HARDING,  Boston;  freeman  1631; 
(Selectman.) 

HUGH  GUNNISON,  Boston;  admitted  to  the  church 
1634;  freeman  1636.  His  estate  was  situated  at  the 
head  of  the  cove,  Dock  square,  near  Elm  street.  He 
probably  was  of  Kittery  1652,  and  Representative  of 
Wells  1654.  He  had  several  children  born  in  Boston. 
He  was  one  of  the  persons  disarmed,  1637.  He  was  a 
servant  to  Gov.  Bellingham,  say  the  Boston  Church 
Records. 

EDWARD  PRESTON,  Boston. 

NATHANIEL  NEWGATE,  Boston — son  of  John. 

CAPT.  ROGER  CLAP,  born  in  Saleom,  Devonshire, 
England,  of  respectable  parents,  April  6th,  1609,  and 


154 

embarked  with  the  Rev.  Messrs.  Maverick  and  Warham, 
at  Plymouth,  among  the  first  company  that  settled  this 
side  of  Salem.  He,  with  his  friends,  were  set  on  shore 
at  Nantasket  (Hull)  by  the  captain  of  the  ship,  May 
30th,  1630.  With  difficulty  they  reached  the  mouth  of 
Charles  river,  in  an  open  boat,  where  but  few  English 
were  to  be  found.  At  first  they  contemplated  settling 
near  Watertown  ;  but,  upon  receiving  advice  from  Gov. 
Winthrop,  removed  to  Dorchester.  In  his  memoirs,* 
written  by  himself,  Capt.  Clap  says :  "  Planting  time 
being  over,  shortly  after,  provisions  were  not  to  be  had 
for  money.  When  I  could  have  meal  and  water  and 
salt^  boiled  together,  it  was  so  good,  who  could  wish 
better  ?  In  our  beginning,  many  were  in  great  straights 
for  want  of  provisions  for  themselves  and  their  little 
ones.  Oh !  the  hunger  that  many  suffered, — and  saw 
no  hope,  in  an  eye  of  reason,  to  be  supplied, — only  by 
clams,  and  muscles  and  fish.  We  quickly  built  boats, 
and  some  went  a  fishing  ;  but  bread  was  with  many  a 
very  scarce  thing  ; — and  flesh  of  all  kinds  was  scarce." 

Capt.  Clap  was  admitted  freeman  1634;  a  founder 
of  the  Church  in  Dorchester,  in  1630,  and  continued 
a  member  sixty  years.  Lieutenant  of  the  Dorchester 
Train-band  in  1644  ;  afterwards  Captain.  Lieutenant 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1655.  He  died  February  2d,  1690-1, 
aged  82. 

In  1665,  immediately  after  the  death  of  Davenport, 
the  General  Court  appointed  Capt.  Clap  to  the  com- 
mand of  Castle  William,  which  office  he  held  until, 
foreseeing  the  approaching  political  troubles,  and  being 
aged,  he  resigned,  1686.  After  the  new  charter,  the 
command  became  a  sinecure,  and  was  usually  assigned 
the  Lieut.  Governor.  This  fort  was  burnt  down,  March 
21st,  1672-3,  while  he  commanded,  but  was  immedi- 

*  Printed  by  his  descendants,  a  few  years  since.  t  Hasty-pudding. 


155 

ately  rebuilt.  It  is  said  of  him,  that  his  soldiers  were 
considered  and  treated  as  of  his  own  family,  and  none 
were  permitted  to  be  enlisted  but  pious,  as  well  as  brave 
men.  He  was  Representative  from  Dorchester  1652, 
fourteen  years.  So  greatly  was  he  beloved  by  the  pious 
people  of  Dorchester,  that,  in  the  year  1676,  "when 
taken  sick,  they  kept  a  day  of  fasting*  and  prayer  to 
beg  his  life  of  God,  and,  when  he  recovered,  a  day  of 
thanksgiving." 

It  appears  he  was  owner  of  a  large  landed  estate  in 
North-Hampton,  where  one  of  his  sons  settled,  and  be- 
came their  Captain  of  Train-band,  ruling  Elder,  and 
Representative.  The  respectable  family  of  his  name 
there  are  his  descendants.  His  grave-stone,  in  the 
Chapel  ground,  is  standing,  on  which  his  name  is 
plainly  legible.  He  was  buried  with  much  pomp ;  the 
military  officers,  probably  the  Ar.  Co.,  preceding  the 
corpse  ;  the  Governor  and  General  Court  following  the 
relations  as  mourners,  and  the  guns  firing  at  the  castle. 
His  descendants  have  been  numerous  in  Dorchester 
and  vicinity.  "  In  his  natural  temper  he  was  of  a 
cheerful  and  pleasant  disposition,  courteous  and  kind 
in  behaviour,  free  and  familiar  in  his  conversation,  yet 
attended  with  proper  reservedness,  and  he  had  a  gravity 
and  presence  that  commanded  respect." 

1647. 

ROGER  WILLIAMS,  Massachusetts,  in  1630.  He  is  the 
person  who  requested  to  be  made  freeman  Oct.  19th, 
1630,  and  probably  was  the  early  settler  of  Windsor, 
Conn.  There  is  no  other  of  the  name,  except  the  fa- 
mous Roger  Williams  of  Rhode  Island. 

THOMAS  BUMSTEAD,  Boston ;  freeman  1640.  His 
will  was  proved  August  4th,  1677.  His  grave-stone,  in 

*As  to  fasting:  Morton's  Memorial,  p.  99  and  note — "Smith  relates  that  the 
religious  services,  in  the  early  settlement,  were  from  eight  to  nine  hours." 


156 

the  Granary  ground,  says,  "  Thomas  Bumsted,  died  June 
22d,  1677."  This  name  is  sometimes  Bomsted,  in  the 
book  of  possessions.  His  estate  was  opposite  the  burial- 
ground,  a  valuable  portion  of  which  has  remained  in  the 
family  ever  since,  and  was  lately  the  residence  of  Maj. 
Thos.  Bumstead,  Ar.  Co.  1764.  The  elegant  blocks  of 
Hamilton  and  Bumstead  place  stand  on  his  land,  also  the 
Masonic  Temple.  Winthrop  says,  (1644)  "  A  private 
matter  or  two  fell  out  about  this  time,  the  power  and 
mercy  of  the  Lord  did  appear  in  them  in  an  extraordi- 
nary manner.  A  child  of  one  Bumstead,  a  member  of 
the  church,  fell  from  a  gallery  in  the  meeting-house, 
and  broke  the  arm  and  shoulder,  and  was  also  commit- 
ted to  the  Lord  in  the  prayers  of  the  church,  with 
earnest  desires,  that  the  place  where  his  people  assem- 
bled to  his  worship  might  not  be  defiled  with  blood,  and 
it  pleased  the  Lord  also  that  this  child  was  soon  per- 
fectly recovered."  One  thing  is  very  singular  in  this 
person,  viz.  his  second  daughter  was  Mary,  the  wife  of 
Ambrose  Dawes,  and  his  third  Mary  also,  the  wife  of 
Samuel  Bosworth. 

JOHN  HANSETT,  Braintree,  1644 — Hansell  on  the  old 
roll. 

CAPT.  JOHN  HILL,  Boston,  merchant ;  admitted  to 
the  Boston  Church  1645;  freeman  1646;  Captain  of 
militia.  An  original  grantee  of  the  mill-pond  lands  and 
mill.  The  Mill  Creek  is  traced  to  this  grant,  July  31st, 
1643. 

ABRAHAM  BUSBY,  freeman  1650. 

GILES  PIERSON.  The  same  so  appears  on  the  old 
roll.  I  think,  however,  it  should  be  Giles  Payson,  of 
Roxbury,  freeman  1631  ;  Deacon  there,  who  died  Feb. 
28th,  1689,  aged  78. 


157 


1648. 

THOMAS  RICHARDS,  ESQ.  Boston  ;  freeman  1645.  A 
donor  to  Harvard  College. 

SAMUEL  OLIVER,  Boston,  brother  of  Capt.  James  and 
Peter,  before  named ;  member  of  the  Boston  Church 
1642.  He  was  drowned  March  27th,  1652. 

PETER  BRACKETT,  Braintree ;  freeman  1643 ;  Bracket 
on  the  old  roll,  probably  a  son  of  Capt.  Richard  Bracket, 
Ar.  Co.  1639,  and  went  with  his  father  to  Braintree,  of 
which  town  he  was  Representative  in  1644,  '5,  '6,  1653, 
1660,  1 662.  He  then  returned  to  Boston ;  was  a  found- 
er of  the  Old  South  Church,  1 669,  and  one  of  their  first 
Deacons.  Representative  of  Scarborough,  Me.  1673 
and  '4. 

SAMUEL  CARTER,  Charlestown ;  freeman  1647. 

JACOB  SHEAFE,  Boston ;  came  from  Canbrooke,  in 
Kent,  Eng.  He  died  March  22d,  1658,  and  his  tomb- 
stone stands  in  the  Chapel  ground ;  that  says,  died  in 
1 653 — the  figure  3  was  probably  8,  originally.  He  was 
the  ancestor  of  the  distinguished  family  of  Sheafe,  in 
New  Hampshire. 

JOHN  COLE,  Lynn,  in  1641 ;  died  Oct.  8th,  1703. 
CORNET  NICHOLAS  DAVISON,  Charlestown,  merchant. 

WILLIAM  STITSON,  Charlestown  ;  freeman  1633 — on 
the  old  roll  Stidson.  He  was  Deacon  there,  and  Rep- 
resentative 1667  to  1671. 

THOMAS  SQUIRE,  freeman  1634. 

CALEB  FOOTE — ancestor  of  Hon.  Caleb  Foote,  of 
Salem. 


158 


1649. 

CAPT.  JOHN  CARNES,  Boston.  No  such  name  is  on 
the  old  roll.  In  Barnes's  list,  as  made  out,  no  officers 
appear  that  year,  but  the  name  of  John  Games  was 
inserted  at  some  after  date,  if  we  regard  the  autograph 
and  ink  ;  I  have  seen  a  printed  list  of  Captains  in  an 
old  Almanack,  which  has  his  name  as  Captain  this  year. 
I  also  obtained  some  traditionary  information  which 
corroborates  the  fact.  There  was  a  Capt.  John  Carnes, 
an  officer  of  the  Navy,  about  this  time  ;  and  as  he  was 
of  the  Parliament's  Navy,  and  is  said  to  have  been  in 
Boston  at  the  time,  it  seems  probable  that  he  was  elect- 
ed Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  If  he  was,  it  is  the  first  in- 
stance, rarely  resorted  to,  of  a  man's  being  elected  to 
any  office  the  year  of  his  admission.  In  modern  times 
it  is  more  common,  but  seldom  to  any  other  office  than 
Commander,  and  always  some  very  distinguished  indi- 
vidual. 

THOMAS  HAWKINS — probably  son  of  Capt.  Thomas, 
Ar.  Co.  1638  ;  died  young. 

STEPHEN  PAINE,  Braintree ;  freeman  1653 — probably 
brother  of  Lieut.  Moses,  Ar.  Co.  1644. 

1650. 

CAPT.  BOZOUN  ALLEN,  Hingham ;  freeman  1641 ; 
merchant ;  came  from  Lynn,  England,  and  settled  at 
Hingham,  1638.  Representative  1643,  eight  years. 
Lincoln,  in  his  valuable  History,  says  :  "  He  was  often 
a  Deputy,  a  military  officer,  and  an  influential  citizen 
of  Hingham."  His  son,  Bozoun,  was  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1676. 

3d  mo.  14th,  1645  :  "  This  Court  fell  out  a  troublesome  business. 
The  town  of  Hingham,  having  one  Eames  their  Lieutenant  sev.en  or 
eight  years,  had  lately  chosen  him  Captain,  and  had  presented  him 


159 

to  the  Standing  Council  for  allowance  ;  but,  before  it  was  accom- 
plished, the  greater  part  of  the  town  took  some  light  occasion  of 
offence  against  him,  and  chose  one  Allen  Captain,  and  presented 
him  to  the  magistrates.  But  the  magistrates,  considering  the  injury 
that  would  hereby  accrue  to  Eames,  (who  had  been  their  chief  com- 
mander so  many  years,  and  had  deserved  well  in  his  place,  and  that 
Allen  had  no  other  skill,  but  what  he  learned  from  Eames,)  refused 
to  allow  of  Allen,  but  willed  both  sides  to  return  home,  and  every 
officer  to  keep  his  place,  until  the  Court  should  take  further  order. 
Upon  their  return  home,  the  messengers,  who  came  for  Allen,  called 
a  private  meeting  of  their  own  party,  and  told  them  truly  what  an- 
swer they  received  from  the  magistrates,  and  soon  after  they  appoint- 
ed a  training-day,  (without  their  Lieutenant's  knowledge,)  and  being 
assembled,  the  Lieutenant  hearing  of  it,  came  to  them,  and  would 
have  exercised  them,  as  he  was  wont  to  do,  but  those  of  the  other 
party  refused  to  follow  him,  except  he  would  show  them  some  order 
for  it.  He  told  them  of  the  magistrates'  order  about  it ;  the  others 
replied,  that  authority  had  advised  him  to  go  home  and  lay  down  his 
place  honorably.  Another  asked,  what  the  magistrates  had  to  do 
with  them  ?  Another,  that  it  was  but  three  or  four  of  the  magis- 
trates, and  if  they  had  been  all  there,  it  had  been  nothing,  for  Mr. 
Allen  had  brought  more  for  them  from  the  Deputies,  than  the  Lieu- 
tenant had  from  the  magistrates.  Another  of  them  professeth  he 
will  die  at  the  sword's  point,  if  Re  might  not  have  the  choice  of  his 
own  officers.  Another  (viz.  the  Clerk  of  the  Band)  stands  up  above 
the  people,  and  requires  them  to  vote,  whether  they  would  bear  them 
out  in  what  was  past,  and  what  was  to  come.  This  being  assented 
unto,  and  the  tumult  continuing,  one  of  the  officers  (he  who  had  told 
them  that  authority  had  advised  the  Lieutenant  to  go  home  and  lay 
down  his  place)  required  Allen  to  take  the  Captain's  place  ;  but  he 
not  then  accepting  it,  they  put  it  to  the  vote,  whether  he  should 
be  their  Captain.  The  vote  passing  for  it,  he  then  told  the  Com- 
pany, it  was  now  past  question,  and  therefore  Allen  accepted  it, 
and  exercised  the  Company  two  or  three  days,  only  about  a  third 
part  of  them  followed  the  Lieutenant.  He,  having  denied  in  the 
open  field,  that  authority  had  advised  him  to  lay  down  his  place,  and 
putting  (in  some  sort)  the  lie  upon  those  who  had  so  reported,  was 
the  next  Lord's  day  called  to  answer  it  before  the  church,  and  he 
standing  to  maintain  what  he  had  said,  five  witnesses  were  produced 
to  convince  him.  Some  of  them  affirmed  the  words,  the  others  ex- 
plained their  meaning  to  be,  that  one  magistrate  had  so  advised  him. 
He  denied  both.  Whereupon  the  Pastor,  one  Mr.  Hubbert,  brother 
to  three  of  the  principal  in  this  sedition,  was  very  forward  to  have 


160 

excommunicated  the  Lieutenant  presently,  but  upon  some  opposi- 
tion, it  was  put  off  to  the  next  day."* 

Eames  thereupon  complained  to  the  Deputy  Governor 
and  other  magistrates,  who  sent  a  warrant  for  three  of 
the  Hobarts,  but  the  minister,  their  brother,  got  to  Bos- 
ton before  them,  and  complained  against  the  complain- 
ants, as  tale-bearers,  &,c,  and  "  taking  it  very  disdain- 
fully that  his  brethren  had  been  sent  for  by  a  constable," 
used  "high  speeches,"  and  "  so  provoking,  as  some  of 
the  magistrates  told  him,  that,  if  it  were  not  for  respect 
to  his  ministry,  they  would  commit  him."  Others  were 
afterwards  sent  for,  and  all  were  bound  over  to  appear 
at  the  next  Court  of  Assistants.  The  elders  were  sent 
for  to  Hingham  and  try  to  pacify  matters,  and  Winthrop 
finally  was  tried  before  his  brother  magistrates  for  mal- 
administration ;  but  he  managed  so  discreetly  and  with 
so  much  humility,  that  he  was  acquitted  honorably. 
This  famous  riot,  contempt  of  authority,  and  interfer- 
ence of  priestcraft,  was  finally  subdued,  and  all  parties, 
Captain,  Lieutenant,  the  whole  Train-band,  and  even 
the  Minister,  were  fined ;  total  of  persons,  95 — fines, 
£155.  Allen  held  the  Captaincy,  and  the  Lieutenant 
paid  £5  fine,  and  became  reconciled  to  his  supercedure. 
Allen  and  Hubbert,  both  Deputies  at  the  time,  acted  as 
such  before  the  General  Court,  in  the  trial  of  their  own 
case. 

He  removed  to  Boston,  and  there  died,  Sept.  14th, 
1652.  His  will  was  dated  at  Boston,  Sept.  9th,  1652, 
and  proved  June,  1653.  Inventory,  £1653. 

ZACHEUS  BOSWORTH,  Boston;  freeman  1636;  died 
July  28th,  1655.  His  house  was  at  the  south-west  cor- 
ner of  School  street.  He  was  disarmed,  1637. 

WILLIAM  COTTON,  Boston,  butcher  ;  freeman  1647. 

Winthrop,  vol.  II.  p.  221. 


161 

CAPT.  NICHOLAS  SIMPKINS,  Boston.  In  the  Addenda 
of  Winthrop,  mo.  5th,  14th,  (1636,)  "  Nic  Simpkins 
brought  before  the  Governor  and  J.  Winthrop  for  brav- 
ing the  Lieutenant  Morris,  and  telling  him  in  public  that 
he  lied,  &c.  '  He  confessed  the  words,  but  refused  to 
acknowledge  it  a  fault,  or  to  ask  his  pardon  in  the  mer- 
cate  place.  So  we  committed  him.  16th,  upon  his 
submission  and  acknowledgment  that  he  had  done  ill, 
we  took  his  bond  in  £20  to  appear  at  the  next  Court, 
and  left  him  at  liberty.  Besides  he  was  ill,  and  we 
feared  he  would  grow  distracted,  &c."  I  suppose  he 
was  then  Ensign,  or  Sergeant,  at  the  fort,  under  Morris, 
for  he  became  afterward  the  Captain  thereof. 

GEORGE  HALSET. 

JACOB  GREEN,  Charlestown  ;  freeman  1 650  ;  Repre- 
sentative 1677— son  of  John,  Ar.  Co.  1639. 

1651. 

LIEUT.  JAMES  DAVIS,  Boston;  freeman  1635;  mari- 
ner ;  member  of  the  church.  1  believe  this  person  to 
be  the  "  Mr.  Davies,  a  rich  merchant,"  spoken  of  by 
Hutchinson. 

WILLIAM  LUDKIN,  Hingham,  1637;  freeman  1638; 
was  drowned,  near  Boston,  March  27th,  1 652. 

STRONG  FURNELL,  Boston;  freeman  1643. 
SIMON  TUTTLE,  Ipswich  ;  died  January,  1692. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1651,  by  John  Cotton, 
Boston. 

1652. 

CORNET  WILLIAM  HASEY,  Boston ;  Rumney  Marsh, 
yeoman,  on  whose  estate  there  appears  an  administra- 
tion in  Suff.  Prob.  Rec.  Farmer  thinks  this  is  William 
Hersey,  of  Hingham,  freeman  1638  ;  but  the  name  is 
very  plain  on  the  old  roll. 


21 


162 

THOMAS  EDSALL,  Boston. 

HENRY  EVANS,  Boston,  husbandman;  freeman  1645. 
A  member  of  the  Boston  Church. 

ALEXANDER  ADAMS,  Boston;  freeman  1648;  ship- 
wright ;  married  Mary,  sister  of  Tristram  Coffin. 

ISAAC  ADDINGTON,  Boston;  freeman  1650.  Father 
of  Isaac  Addington,  the  Assistant.  This  Christian  name 
is  Israel  on  the  old  roll — probably  a  mistake. 

LIEUT.  HENRY  ADAMS,  eldest  son  of  Henry,  the  great 
ancestor  of  the  Adams  family,  was  of  Braintree,  1640, 
but  removed  to  Medfield,  1649,  where  he  was  Town 
Clerk,  and  Representative  in  1659,  1665,  1674  and  '5; 
Lieutenant  of  the  Train-band  there.  Mather,  in  his 
history  of  Philip's  war,  says  he  was  killed  at  his  own 
door  by  the  Indians,  Feb.  21st,  1676,  whose  wife  was 
soon  after  accidentally  killed  by  an  Englishman.  His 
descendants  living  in  Medfield  relate  the  same  tradition. 
Administration  in  16J6.  Inventory,  £407  6  5. 

WILLIAM  PADDY,  Boston,  merchant.  Farmer  says, 
Plymouth  and  Boston.  Inventory,  £545.  A  grave- 
stone was  dug  up  from  the  north  side  of  the  old  State 
House,  near  the  centre  door,  and  bones  found  near  it, 
while  the  city  were  repairing  the  building,  June  1 8th, 
1830.  The  inscription  is  all  in  capital  letters,  viz: 
"  Hear  sleeps  That — Blessed  one  o  whose  lief — God 
help  us  all  to  live — That  so  when  tiem  shall  be — That 
we  this  world  must  lieve — We  ever  may  be  happy — 
With  blessed  William  Paddy."  On  the  other  side  : 
"  Hear  lyeth. — The  body  of  Mr.  William  Paddy,  Aged 
58  years. — Departed — this  life  August — 1658."* 

WILLIAM  AUBREY,  Boston,  merchant.     He  married  a 
daughter  of  Secretary  Rawson,  in  1653. 

SAMUEL  HUTCHINSON,  Lynn  in  1637. 

*  See  a  full  account  in  Columbian  Centinel,  June  19th,  1830. 


163 


1653. 

JONATHAN  GILBERT.  This  name  Kilbert  on  the  old 
roll,  without  any  Christian  name.  I  suppose  the  per- 
son intended  is  Jonathan  Gilbert,  mentioned  under 
1646,  Mather's  Indian  Wars  from  1614  to  1675,  pages 

61,  63  ;  and  also  in  Hutchinson  I.  171. 

no — VMIM 

CAPT.  THOMAS  LAKE,  Boston,  merchant ;  freeman 
1641.  A  member  of  the  2d  Church,  Boston.  He  was 
eminent  in  his  profession.  He  was  joint  owner  of  the 
island  of  Arrowsick,  in  Maine,  where  he  had  a  house 
and  occasionally  resided,  near  which  he  was  killed  by 
the  Indians  ; — see  Hubbard's  Indian  Wars,  41,  42.  It 
appears  he  commanded  an  expedition  against  the  In- 
dians, cheerfully  embarking  therein,  but  was  the  first 
victim.  His  bones  long  remained  unburied,  but  were 
afterwards  discovered,  and  now  repose  on  Copp's  Hill, 
where  his  grave-stone  says :  "  An  eminently  faithful 
servant  of  God,  and  one  of  a  public  spirit, — was  pre- 
viously slain  by  the  Indians  at  Kenebec,  August  14th, 
1676,  and  here  is  interred,  March  13th,  following." 
He  left  several  children  at  Boston. 

His  inventory  (April  14th,  1677)  £2445  7  5.  En- 
sign of  the  Ar.  Co.  1660  ;  promoted  Lieutenant  1661 ; 
Captain  1662, — being  the  only  instance  of  such  regular 
promotion, — and  was  again  Captain,  1674.  He  was 
ancestor  of  the  late  Sir  Bibic  Lake. 

EVAN  THOMAS,  Boston,  vintner;  freeman  1641 ;  died 
August  25th,  1661. 

1654. 
JOHN  SEVERNE,  Boston  ;  freeman  1637. 

ENSIGN  ELIAS  MAVERICK,  Charlestown,  1643;  free- 
man 1633.  His  will  speaks  of  his  being  of  Winnesimett 
and  Boston.  Inventory,  Nov.  6th,  1684,  £820  15  0. 


164 

He  died  at  Charlestown,  says  his  grave-stone  in  the  old 
Charlestown  burial-ground,  Sept.  8th,  1684,  aged  80. 

PETER  DUNCAN,  Dorchester, — son  of  the  charter 
member. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  AVERY,  Dedham,  physician.  There 
is  a  will  of  William  A  very,  Suff.  Prob.  Rec.  1680,  book- 
seller— on  the  back  says,  now  of  Boston,  formerly  of 
Dedham.  He  died  in  Boston.  Representative  of  Spring- 
field 1669. 

RICHARD  FAIRBANKS,  Boston  1637  ;  freeman  1634. 
He  was  disarmed  in  1637  ;  removed  to  Dedham. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1654,  by  Thomas  Thacher, 
Weymouth. 

1655. 

THOMAS  BELL,  JR,  Boston — probably  son  of  Thomas, 
Ar.  Co.  1645. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  WEBB — probably  son  of  John,  Ar.  Co. 
1643. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  in  1655,  by  Peter  Hobart, 
Hingham. 

1656. 

CAPT.  DANIEL  TURELL,  Boston  in  1646,  anchorsmith ; 
died  Jan.  23d,  1699.  His  son,  Daniel,  Jr,  was  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1674. 

ENSIGN  WILLIAM  BEAMSLEY,  Boston  ;  freeman  1636 ; 
admitted  to  the  church  1634;  died  Sept.  29th,  1658. 
In  the  Boston  Church  Records  he  is  styled  laborer. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  in  1656,  by  Richard  Ma- 
ther, Dorchester. 

1657. 

It  does  not  appear  that  any  members  were  admitted 
during  the  year,  and  few  during  the  years  immediately 


165 

previous  and  after.  It  will  be  recollected  that  this  was 
during  the  Protectorate  of  Oliver  Cromwell.  The 
Commonwealth  in  England  furnished  better  employ- 
ment for  men  of  military  talents,  than  the  wilderness  of 
New  England.  Possessed,  as  the  Dissenters  were,  of 
Church  and  State,  few  inducements  offered  to  emigra- 
tion, and  more  returned  to  England  than  came  to  New 
England. 

Whether  the  Company  adopted  any  by-laws,  agree- 
able to  the  provisions  of  their  charter,  at  the  time  it  was 
incorporated,  it  is  impossible  to  determine.  It  is  pre- 
sumed that  Keayne,  their  patron  and  founder,  was  their 
lawgiver  and  oracle,  during  his  life ;  but,  he  dying, 
March  23d,  1656,  they  saw  the  necessity,  soon  after,  of 
establishing  rules;  and,  in  September,  1657,  it  appears 
it  was  accordingly  so  done.  None  appear  to  have  been 
sanctioned  by  the  Governor  and  Council,  or  General 
Court,  until  September,  1677,  and  they  appear  to  be  the 
only  ones  ever  sanctioned  or  approved  by  the  Govern- 
ment, until  recently ;  and,  as  the  Company  record  of 
them  is  lost,  and  many  years  they  had  been  overlooked 
and  forgotten,  they  are  now  extracted  from  the  Colony 
Records : — 

"  It  is  ordered  by  the  Artillery  Company  in  Boston,  September 
7th,  1657— 

"  1st.  That  whereas  there  is  an  agreement  to  order,  that  every 
member  of  the  Company  is  to  pay  four  shillings  per  year  for  their 
quarterages,  into  the  hand  of  their  Clerk ; — that  whatsoever  is  due 
from  any  of  the  Company,  shall  be  paid  within  one  month  into  his 
hands  who  is  the  present  Clerk. 

"  2d.  It  is  further  ordered  by  the  Company,  that  for  the  time  to 
come,  every  one  who  is  a  member  of  the  Company,  shall  pay  into 
the  hands  of  the  Clerk,  upon  the  election  days,  or  before,  his  quar- 
terages for  the  year  past. 

"3d.  It  is  further  ordered  by  the  Company,  that  the  training  days 
for  this  Company  be  five  yearly,  and  they  to  be  on  the  first  Mondays 
of  April,  May,  June,  September,  and  October,  yearly;  and  that 
every  officer  and  soldier  is  to  appear  at  their  colours  by  eight  of  the 


166 

clock  in  the  morning;    and  if  the  Monday  prove  foul,  the  Friday 
after  is  appointed. 

"  4th.  It  is  further  ordered  by  the  Company,  that  if  any  shall  neg- 
lect to  appear  in  arms  four  training  days  together,  and  not  give  an 
account  of  it  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Company,  he  shall  then  pay 
to  the  Company  what  is  due,  both  for  fines  and  quarterages,  and 
have  his  name  put  out  of  the  rolls,  and  no  more  to  be  accounted  a 
member  of  the  Company. 

"5th.  It  is  further  ordered  by  the  Company,  that  if  any  be  chosen 
to  any  office  in  the  Company,  and  hath  not  borne  an  higher  office  in 
the  Company  before,  and  shall  refuse  to  hold  the  office  he  is  chosen 
to,  he  shall  pay  what  arrears  he  is  behind  to  the  Company,  and  have 
his  name  put  out  of  the  Company's  roll,  and  no  longer  be  acknowl- 
edged a  member  of  the  Company. 

"  6th.  It  is  further  ordered  by  the  Company,  that  the  Clerk,  with- 
out any  further  order,  shall  have  full  power  to  distrain  for  any  fine, 
or  quarterages,  due  to  the  Company,  which  shall  be  unpaid  one 
month  after  they  are  due. 

"  7th.  It  is  further  ordered  by  the  Company,  that  the  Clerk  shall, 
every  training  day,  bring  the  book  of  the  Company's  Orders  into  the 
field,  that  it  may  be  there,  not  only  to  call  over  the  Company,  but  to 
enter  any  who  is  admitted,  and  enter  any  orders  which  shall  be  made. 

"  8th.  It  is  further  ordered  by  the  Company,  that  the  Clerk's  ac- 
counts yearly,  shall,  after  the  day  of  election,  and  before  the  next 
training  day  in  September,  be  audited  by  those  who  were  commis- 
sioned officers  the  year  past,  with  the  Captain  and  Clerk  new  chosen, 
that  accounts  may  be  delivered  into  the  new  Clerk's  hands. 

"  9th.  It  is  further  ordered  by  the  Company,  that  whereas  no  town 
training  is  to  be  upon  Artillery  days,  yet  the  Commander  of  the  Ar- 
tillery may  have  liberty  to  request  so  much  favor  of  any  Captain, 
and  he  not  be  a  transgressor  of  the  order,  to  grant  it  to  meet  with 
his  Company  upon  such  days  with  the  Artillery,  for  the  better  help- 
ing forward  of  discipline  in  the  Company. 

"  10th.  It  is  further  ordered  by  the  Company,  that  a  perfect  list 
shall  be  taken  of  members  of  the  Company,  and  being  perfected, 
shall  be  called  over  every  training  day.  It  is  also  desired  by  the  Com- 
pany, that  these  several  orders  may  be  presented  by  Major  Atherton 
to  the  Council  for  their  approbation  of  them,  that  so  they  may  carry 
more  authority  with  them." 

"  April  5th,  1675.  It  was  then  voted  by  the  Artillery  Company, 
that  the  orders  of  the  Company  be  presented  by  Thomas  Clark,  Esq, 
to  the  General  Court,  or  Council,  for  their  confirmation. 

JOHN  MORSE,  Clerk." 


167 

"  The  Court,  having  perused  the  above  written  orders  of  the  Artil- 
lery Company,  do  allow  and  approve  thereof.  Attest : 

EDWARD  RAWSOJJ,  Secretary." 

The  foregoing  rules  may  be  considered  as  the  found- 
ation of  many  customs,  which  have  been  transmitted 
even  to  the  present  day,  and  have  been  adhered  to  by 
the  Company,  without  a  knowledge  of  their  origin. 
They  had  slumbered  among  the  old  records  gf  the  Col- 
ony, until  accidentally  discovered  by  the  compiler. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  for  1657,  by  Henry  Flint, 
Braintree. 

1658. 

HUDSON  LEVERETT,  Boston,  son  of  Gov.  Leverett, 
was  born  1640. 

LIEUT.  NATHANIEL  REYNOLDS,  freeman  1665 — spelt 
Reinolls  in  the  old  roll. 

THOMAS  JOY,  Boston,  carpenter  ;  freeman  1665  ;  re- 
moved to  Hingham,  and  died  in  1677  or  '8.  Winthrop, 
while  speaking  of  Doct.  Child's  arrest,  1646,  says : 
"  There  was  also  one  Thomas  Joy,  a  young  fellow,  a 
carpenter,  whom  they  had  employed  to  get  hands  to  the 
petition ;  he  began  to  be  very  busy,  and  would  know 
of  the  Marshal,  when  he  went  to  search  Dand's  study, 
if  his  warrant  were  in  the  King's  name,  &c.  He  was 
laid  hold  on,  and  kept  in  irons  about  four  or  five  days, 
and  then  he  humbled  himself,  confessed  what  he  knew, 
and  blamed  himself  for  meddling  in  matters  belonging 
not  to  him,  and  blessed  God  for  these  irons  upon  his 
legs,  hoping  they  should  do  him  good  while  he  lived. 
So  he  was  let  out  upon  reasonable  bail."  He  built  and 
owned  the  Hingham  mills.  To  his  will  he  made  his 
mark.  His  son  Samuel  was  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1665.  He 
had  an  estate  near  Hancock's  wharf.  In  1659,  the 
Town-house  is  mentioned  in  the  records  of  Boston : 


168 

"  Thomas  Joy  was  the  carpenter  who  built  the  Town- 
house, and  a  final  settlement  was  made,  January,  1G61, 
when  he  received  £680,  whereby  all  contracts  with  him 
were  performed.  This  was  double  the  amount  of  Capt. 
Keayne's  calculation."  This  Town-house  was  where 
the  old  State  House  now  stands,  in  State  street. 

RICHARD  BAKER,  Dorchester;  freeman  1642;  mem- 
ber of  the  church  1639. 

HENRY  MESSINGER,  Boston  ;  freeman  1665  ;  joiner  ; 
administration  on  his  estate  May  5th,  1681.  Simeon 
Messenger,  Ar.  Co.  1675,  was  probably  his  son. 

JOSEPH  BELKNAP,  Boston;  freeman  1669.  He  had 
seven  sons — Joseph,  Jr,  Ar.  Co.  1692,  when  he  must 
have  been  living.  A  member  and  founder  of  the  Old 
South  Church. 

RICHARD  PRICE,  Boston;  freeman  1665. 

CAPT.  RICHARD  GRIDLEY,  Boston ;  freeman  1634 ; 
Captain  of  militia.  We  suppose  his  house  was  near 
Purchase  street,  Gridley  lane  being  in  that  vicinity. 
He  had  several  sons,  some  with  singular  names,  such  as 
Belief,  and  Tremble.  He  was  a  subscriber  for  the  en-, 
couragement  of  the  first  free  school  in  Boston,  August 
12th,  1636. 

JOSEPH  ROCK,  Boston  ;  freeman  1652  ;  Constable  of 
Boston  1653,  and  has  the  prefix  of  respect.  A  member 
and  founder  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

CAPT.  JOHN  SUNDERLAND,  Boston ;  had  sons  born 
there  in  1640  and  1646. 

WILLIAM  DINSDALE,  Boston  ;  freeman  1657. 
JAMES  MAVERICK,  Boston. 
CAPT.  JOHN  ALLEN,  Charlestown. 

SIMON  LYNDE,  Boston,  merchant ;  had  nine  sons  and 
two  daughters. 


169 

RICHARD  WOODCOCK,  Boston ;  died  Nov.  12th,  1662. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  for  1658,  by  John  Mayo, 
Boston. 

1659. 
LIEUT.  HUGH  DRURY,  Boston  in  1646. 

COL.  RICHARD  WALDRON — on  the  old  roll,  Major 
W  alder.  I  have  no  reason  to  doubt  of  its  intending  the 
distinguished  Major  Richard  Waldron,  from  Somerset- 
shire, England,  1635,  who  settled  at  Dover,  which  he 
represented  at  Boston  22  years,  from  1 654 ;  he  was 
Speaker  of  the  House  several  years ;  Captain,  and 
afterwards  Major ;  one  of  the  first  Counsellors  of  the 
province  of  New  Hampshire,  1680,  and  President  1681, 
on  the  death  of  John  Cutt.  He  was  killed  by  the  In- 
dians, June  27th,  1689,  in  their  attack  on  Dover,  when 
he  was  80  years  old.  He  had  numerous  children. 

"  The  Waldron  family,"  says  Farmer,  quoting  an 
ancient  manuscript  letter,  "  is  supposed  to  be  descend- 
ed from  an  ancient  family  in  Devonshire,  the  seat  of 
which  was  granted  by  the  Crown  of  England  to  Richard 
Walderand,  in  1 1 30  ;  and  to  prove  the  identity  of  the 
names,  the  writer  cites  Skinner's  ^Etymologicon  Lin- 
gua? Anglicanae,  as  follows  :  Walarand,  olim  Pranomen, 
nunc  cognomen,  ab  Anglo-Sax.  Walpian,  volvere,  et 
Rand,  et  Scutum,  volvere  Scutum,  i.  e.  Clypeum,  hue 
illuc  circumagit.  Waldron  autem  cognomen  contrac- 
tum  est,  a  Walarand." 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  for  1659,  by  John  Norton, 
Boston. 

1660. 

'  IU- '  •  •< 

MAJ.  GEN  DANIEL  DENNISON,  son  of  William,  of 
Roxbury,  disarmed  1 637,  and  who  died  an  old  man  in 
1 653-4 — probably  brother  of  the  William  who  had  the 
contest  with  Capt.  Pritchard  for  the  Captaincy  of  Rox- 


23 


170 

bury.  Gen.  Dennison  was  born  in  England,  1613; 
was  of  Cambridge  1633;  freeman  1634,  when  he  re- 
moved to  Ipswich,  where  he  afterwards  lived  and  died. 
He  was  therefore  very  young  when  first  a  Deputy  from 
Ipswich,  1635,  and  was  continued  a  Deputy  eight  years ; 
Speaker  in  1649  and  '51.  He  was  Assistant  1653,  and 
twenty-nine  years,  and  died  in  that  station,  Sept.  20th, 
1682,  aged  70. 

He  was  Captain  of  the  first  volunteer  Train-band  of 
Ipswich,  1636;  in  164i,  became  the  first  Sergeant- 
major  of  Essex  Regiment;  Sergeant  Major  General, 
1653,  as  successor  to  Sedgwick.  He  was  elected  also 
to  that  office  in  subsequent  years.  He  married  Pa- 
tience, a  daughter  of  Gov.  T.  Dudley.  He  was  Cap- 
tain of  the  Ar.  Co.  1660,  the  first  authentic  instance  of 
electing  a  person  Commander  the  year  of  his  admission. 
He  is  fondly  commemorated  by  Hubbard,  the  historian, 
under  whose  spiritual  guidance  he  lived,  and  who 
preached  his  funeral  sermon. 

In  1646,  he  was  sent,  with  Dudley  and  Hathorne, 
to  treat  with  D'Aulney ;  and,  in  1651,  he  was  a  Com- 
missioner in  the  arduous  duty  of  bringing  the  people 
of  Maine  under  subjection  to  the  Massachusetts.  He 
was  several  years  one  of  the  Commissioners  of  the 
Massachusetts  at  the  Congress  of  the  Confederated 
New  England  Colonies.  His  judgment  was  much 
relied  upon  in  the  difficulties  between  New  Haven  and 
the  Dutch.  His  name  is  also  found  in  the  troubles  con- 
cerning the  Quakers,  1657.  He  is  spoken  of  by  high 
authority,  as  one  of  the  few  "  popular  and  well  princi- 
pled men  in  the  magistracy."  Savage  says :  "  The 
moderate  spirit,  by  which  he  was  usually  actuated,  had 
not  a  general  spread,  yet  the  continuance  of  his  election 
to  the  same  rank  for  many  years,  where  his  sympathy 
was  not,  in  relation  to  the  controversy  with  the  Crown, 
in  unison  with  that  of  the  people,  is  evidence  of  the 


171 

strong  hold  his  virtues  and  public  labors  had  acquired." 
The  "  Irenicon,  or  Salve  for  New  England's  Sore,"  of 
which  he  was  the  author,  displays  his  accomplishments 
as  a  scholar.  Johnson  observes,  he  was  "  a  godly  faith- 
ful man,  which  is  the  fountain  of  true  validity ; — a  good 
soldier,  of  a  quick  capacity,  not  inferior  to  any  of  the 
chief  officers ; — his  own  Company  are  well  instructed 
in  feats  of  warlike  activity." 

CAPT.  JOHN  HULL,  Boston;  freeman  1649;  son  of 
Capt.  John,  Ar.  Co.  1638.  "  He  was,"  says  Mather, 
"  the  son  of  a  poor  woman,  but  dutiful  to  and  tender  of 
his  mother,  which  Mr.  Wilson,  his  minister,  observing, 
pronounced  that  God  would  bless  him,  and  although  he 
was  then  poor,  yet  he  should  raise  a  large  estate."  No 
other  colony  attempted  to  coin  money  but  Massachu- 
setts, and  in  1 652  the  first  money  was  struck,  and  for 
thirty  years  contained  the  same  date.  There  was  no 
other  impression  than  N.  E.  on  one  side,  and  XII.  VI. 
or  III.  on  the  other,  viz :  silver  coins  of  shillings,  six- 
pence, and  three-pence  pieces.  "  It  is  certain,"  says 
Hutchinson,  "  that  great  care  was  taken  to  preserve  the 
purity  of  the  coin.  In  1651,  the  Court  ordered  that  all 
pieces  of  money  should  have  a  double  ring,  with  this 
inscription  :  Massachusetts,  and  a  tree  in  the  centre,  on  . 
one  side,  and  New  England,  and  the  year  of  our  Lord,  on 
the  other  side.  It  did  not  obtain  currency  any  where, 
otherwise  than  as  bullion,  except  in  the  New  England 
Colonies.  The  Mint  Master,  John  Hull,  raised  a  large 
fortune  by  it.  He  was  to  coin  the  money,  of  the  just 
alloy  of  the  then  new  sterling  English  money ;  and  for 
all  charges  which  should  attend  melting,  refining  and 
coining,  he  was  to  be  allowed  to  take  fifteenpence  out 
of  every  twenty  shillings.  The  Court  were  afterwards 
sensible  that  this  was  too  advantageous  a  contract,  and 
Mr.  Hull  was  offered  a  sum  of  money  by  the  Court  to 


172 

release  them  from  it,  but  he  refused.  He  left  a  large 
estate.  Samuel  Sewall,  Ar.  Co.  1679,  who  married  his 
only  daughter,  received  with  her,  as  was  commonly  re- 
ported, thirty  thousand  pounds  in  New  England  shil- 
lings." It  is  said,  that  when  dressed  for  the  wedding, 
and  in  presence  of  the  guests,  her  father  placed  her  in 
his  large  scales,  and  piled  on  the  silver  shillings  in  the 
other  until  they  weighed  her  down.  This  marriage 
happened  Feb.  14th,  1658. 

Capt.  Hull  was  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1663 ;  Lieu- 
tenant 1664;  Commander  1671  and  1678.  He  must 
have  been  54  years  old  when  last  its  Captain.  He  con- 
tinued a  member  to  his  death.  He  was  one  of  those 
persons  who,  like  his  father,  kept  a  book  in  which  he 
took  minutes  of  the  sermons  preached  at  the  Court  and 
Artillery  Elections,  in  short  hand  mostly,  and  the  preach- 
er's name,  text,  and  place  of  residence  ;  to  the  preser- 
vation of  which  we  are  now  indebted  for  the  knowledge 
of  that  list  in  the  earlier  years.  I  observe  on  the  blank 
leaves,  quotations  from  Erasmus,  Sophocles,  Aristotle, 
&c ;  whence  I  conclude,  since  some  quotations  are  in 
Greek,  that  he  was  a  great  student  and  reader  in  the 
ancient  languages.  I  have  one  of  these  books,  consist- 
ing exclusively  of  Court  and  Artillery  Election  Sermons, 
which  is  of  the  pocket  size,  and  originally  fastened  by 
brass  clasps,  in  which  are  numerous  quotations  from  the 
above  authors,  and  from  Scripture,  and  arranged  under 
heads  like  the  following  :  "  Memento  se  esse  mortalem," 
— "  be  courageous," — "  be  humble."  One  of  his  max- 
ims, written  in  English,  apparently  in  the  quivering  hand 
of  old  age,  is — "  The  affairs  of  our  estate  are  come  to 
that  pass,  that  though  we  be  bound  to  feel  them,  we 
have  no  leisure  to  report  them."  This  volume  contains 
these  verses : 

t     -N 

"  He  that  will  grateful  here  to  all  be  thought, 
Must  give,  accept,  demand,  much,  little,  nought." 


173 

Capt.  Hull  was  Representative*  for  Wenham,  1668  j 
for  Westfield,  1671  to  1674,  and  Salisbury,  1679.  He 
was  Treasurer  of  Massachusetts  1676,  an  Assistant  1680, 
and  died  Sept.  29th,  1683,  aged  59.  The  Boston  News 
Letter  says — a  John  Hull  died  at  Boston  Oct.  1st,  1683, 
aged  59.  This  must  be  the  day  of  his  burial.  He  was 
one  of  the  principal  founders  of  the  Old  South  Church 
in  1669,  and  continued  a  member  there  during  life.  He 
gave  a  legacy  of  £100  to  Harvard  College. 

ZACHARIAH  PHILLIPS,  Boston  ;  was  killed  by  the  In- 
dians at  Brookfield,  August,  1675. 

LIEUT.  MATHEW  BARNARD,  Boston  ;  freeman  1673. 
LIEUT.  DANIEL  TURIN. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  for  1660,  by  Samuel 
Whiting,  Lynn.  Printed. 

1661. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  HOWARD,  Boston,  merchant ;  came 
from  the  city  of  London.  His  will  was  proved  Nov. 
15th,  1725,  and  therein  is  called  glover,  late  of  London, 
now  of  Boston. 

CAPT.  JOHN  PEASE,  probably  removed  to  Elifield  be- 
fore 1684. 

GEORGE  MAY,  freeman  1665. 

ROBERT  SANFORD,  Boston  in  1650;  freeman  1652; 
sometimes  spelt  Sampford. 

EDWARD  PAGE. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  for  1661,  by  Samuel 
Ward,f  Ipswich. 

*  This  could  not  be  his  father,  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1638,  for  he  died  July  28th,  1663, 
aged  73. 

t  Farmer  questions  whether  this  Christian  name  should  be   Samuel*     I  give  it 
on  the  authority  of  the  Hull  and  Sewall  manuscript.     See  John  Hull,  ante. 


174 


1662. 
WILLIAM  CLEMENTS,  Cambridge  in  1636. 

JOHN  CONEY,  Boston  ;  died  Dec.  24th,  1690  ;  some- 
times spelt  Conney. 

RICHARD  BARNARD,  Boston  ;  died  Dec.  20th,  1706. 

GEORGE  NOWELL, — probably  son  of  Increase,  of 
Charlestown. 

CAPT.  ANTHONY  CHECKLEY,  Boston,  merchant ;  an- 
cestor of  the  graduates  of  this  name  at  Harvard  College. 
Ensign  of  the 'Ar.  Co.  1680;  Lieutenant  1683.  His 
will,  1704,  proved  Dec.  31st,  1708.  Col.  Samuel,  Ar. 
Co.  1678,  was  his  son. 

NATHANIEL  HUNN,  Boston. 

JOSEPH  GRIDLEY,  Boston,  brick-maker,  son  of  Capt. 
R.  Gridley,  Ar.  Co.  1658,  and  father  of  Capt.  R.  Grid- 
ley,  Ar.  Co.  1695.  His  will  was  proved  April  14th,  1687. 

BELIEF  GRIDLEY,  Boston,  brother  of  the  preceding. 

SETH  PERRY,  Boston,  born  1639 ;  son  of  Arthur 
Perry,  Ar.  Co.  1 638 ;  the  Town  drummer  and  first 
Company  drummer.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Old 
South  Church. 

RETURN  WAITE. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1662,  by  John  Higginson, 
Salem. 

1663. 

ENSIGN  EPHRAIM  TURNER,  Boston;  freeman  1666; 
son  of  Lieut.  R.  Turner,  Ar.  Co.  1640. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1663,  by  Thomas  Shepard, 
Charlestown— 1st  Samuel,  XXII.  14th. 


175 


1664. 

DAVID  SEWALL. 

JOSEPH  TURNER,  Boston  ;  probably  son  of  Lieut.  R. 
Turner. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1664,  by  James  Allen, 
Boston — Joshua  I.  9th. 

1665. 

CAPT.  HABIJAH  SAVAGE,  Boston ;  eldest  son  of  Maj. 
Thomas,  Ar.  Co.  1637 ;  born  at  Boston,  August  1st, 
1638;  graduated  at  Harvard  College  1659;  admitted 
freeman  1665;  Captain  of  militia,  and  died  in  1668  or 
9.  He  married  Hannah,  a  daughter  of  Hon.  Edward 
Tyng,  May  8th,  1661.  He  had  four  children,  the  two 
last  daughters,  twins,  1667,  August  27th. 

LIEUT.  COL.  THOMAS  SAVAGE,  Boston,  shop-keeper ; 
second  child  of  Maj.  T.  Savage,  and  brother  of  the  pre- 
ceding ;  born  May  28th,  1640;  died  July  2d,  1705, 
aged  65.  He  had  nine  children.  His  will  mentions 
his  sons,  Thomas,  Ar.  Co.  1693;  Habijah,  Ar.  Co. 
1699,  and  Arthur,  Ar.  Co.  1738.  Thomas  Fitch  and 
B.  Pemberton,  both  of  the  Ar.  Co.  appraisers.  He  left 
but  small  estate.  There  was  an  inventory,  March  24th, 
1714-15,  which  I  presume  to  be  his,  wherein  his  house 
and  land  are  appraised  at  £900.  A  member  of  the  Old 
South  Church.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1681.  He  was 
a  militia  officer  in  Boston,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  Lieut. 
Col.  of  the  Boston  Regiment,  1702,  in  which  office  he 
died.  He  was  also  an  officer  in  Sir  William  Phipps's 
expedition  to  Canada,  1690-91,  and  commanded  a 
regiment. 

CAPT.  HUMPHREY  DAVIE,  Boston,  brazier ;  freeman 
1665  ;  spelt  by  Farmer,  Davy.  Representative  of  Bil- 
lerica  from  1666  to  '9,  and  for  his  services  received,  by 


176 

vote  of  the  town,  the  present  of  "  a  fat  beast."  He 
represented  VVoburn  in  1678,  and  was  Assistant  from 
1679  to  '86.  Administration  on  his  estate,  December 
29th,  1718. 

HEZEKIAH  USHER,  Boston  ;  son  of  H.  Usher,  Ar.  Co. 
1638;  born  at  Cambridge,  June,  1639 ;  died  at  Lynn, 
July  llth,  1697,  and  buried  at  Boston,  in  the  Chapel 
ground.  He  left  a  long  and  curious  will. 

CAPT.  JOHN  MILLS,  Boston  ;  member  of  the  first 
church;  requested  to  be  freeman  1630,  and  made  free- 
man 1632  or  '3,  there  being  two  of  that  name.  Two 
of  his  children  were  named  Joy  and  Recompense.  He 
may  have  been  the  John  Mills,  Town  Clerk  of  Brain- 
tree  in  1653. 

SAMUEL  JOY,  Boston  ;  born  in  1639  ;  son  of  Thomas, 
Ar.  Co. 

(JOHN)  TAYLOR,  Cambridge  ;  freeman  1651 ;  died  at 
Cambridge,  Sept.  7th,  1683,  aged  73.  This  name  was 
omitted  in  the  former  edition.  It  may  have  been  the 
James  Taylor,  of  Boston,  freeman  1683  ;  Representa- 
tive 1689  and  1693;  but  he  probably  was  too  young 
to  be  the  person  intended. 

JONATHAN  SHRIMPTON,  Boston ;  probably  brother  of 
Henry  Shrimpton,  of  Bednall  Green,  near  London,  and 
uncle  of  Col.  Samuel,  Ar.  Co.  1670. 

The  Militia  of  Massachusetts  in  1665,  says  Hutchin- 
son,  were  "  about  4000  foot,  and  400  horsemen  might 
be  in  the  lists,  but  aged  and  infirm  were  excused." 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1665,  by  Increase  Mather, 
Boston— Ephes.  VI.  llth. 

1666. 

JOHN  PAINE,  Ipswich  ;  went  to  Nantucket,  where  he 
died,  July  13th,  1677  ;  sometimes  spelt  Payne. 


177 

THOMAS  SNAWSNELL,  Boston  in  1665 ;  spelt  by  Far- 
mer, Snowsell. 

CAPT.  BENJAMIN  GIBBS,  Boston,  merchant;  admitted 
to  the  1st  church  July  13th,  1662.  He  had  several  child- 
ren born  in  Boston.  He  was  a  donor  of  £50  to  Harvard 
College,  in  1673;  a  founder  and  member  of  the  Old 
South  Church.  Josselyn  speaks  of  his  new  house  as 
being  a  stately  edifice/ which,  it  is  thought,  will  stand 
him  in  little  less  than  £3000,  before  it  be  fully  finished. 

THOMAS  WATKINS,  Boston  1652;  died  December 
16th,  1689. 

THOMAS  SANDFORD,  admitted  freeman  1637,  by  the 
name  of  Sampford,  or  his  son. 

CAPT.  THEOPHILUS  FRARY,  Boston  in  1657;  son  of 
John  Frary  of  Medfield  ;  was  a  cordwainer  ;  Ensign  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1674  ;  Lieutenant  in  1675;  Captain  1682. 
Representative  of  Boston  1689  to  1695,  and  1699  ;  the 
whole  delegation  of  Boston  that  year  having  been  elect- 
ed for  some  particular  purpose.  He  died  October  17th, 
1700.  A  founder  and  member  of  the  Old  South  Church, 
and  violently  opposed  to  the  Episcopal  Church.  Wor- 
ship according  to  their  forms  had  not  been  attempted  in 
public,  until  Andross's  arrival.  Our  forefathers  abhor- 
red all  sects  but  their  own,  and  the  Episcopalians  equally 
with  Catholics.  In  1688,  Randolph  endeavored  to  es- 
tablish worship  in  that  form,  and  wrote  in  pressing  terms 
to  the  Bishop  of  London  on  the  subject.  Hutchinson, 
in  a  note,  observes:  "A  dispute  happened  at  the  grave 
of  one  Lilly.  He  left  the  ordering  of  his  funeral  to  his 
executors.  They  forbad  Mr.  Ratclifle,  the  Episcopal 
minister,  performing  the  service  for  burial.  Neverthe- 
less, he  began.  Deacon  Frairey  interrupted  him,  and 
a  stop  was  put  to  his  proceeding.  Frairey  was  com- 
plained of,  and  besides  being  bound  to  his  good  be- 
havior for  twelve  months,  it  was  thought  the  process 


•23 


178 

would  cost  him  100  marks."  "  Moody*  s  letter  to  Ma- 
ther:" "Among  other  complaints  against  Sir  E.  An- 
dross,  this  was  one,  "  that  the  service  of  the  Church  of 
England  had  been  forced  into  their  meeting  houses." 
"  This  was  an  equivocal  expression.  Sir  Edmund  had 
made  use  of  a  meeting-house  for  the  church  service, 
against  the  wills  of  the  proprietors,  but  after  their  ser- 
vice was  over,  and  compelled  no  Congregationalist  to 
join  with  him.  Indeed,  he  threatened  to  shut  up  the 
doors,  if  he  was  refused,  and  to  punish  any  man  who 
gave  two  pence  towards  the  support  of  a  non-conformist 
minister." 

Capt.  Frary  is  the  man  here  intended.  He  was  elect- 
ed Deacon  of  the  Old  South  Church,  Nov.  5th,  1685; 
and  no  doubt  that  is  the  meeting-house  referred  to.  If 
Andross  had  never  done  any  thing  worse  than  introduce 
the  Episcopal  mode  of  worship,  his  name  would  not 
have  been  covered  with  so  much  obloquy.  The.  worthy 
Deacon  could  not  foresee,  that  in  less  than  100  years, 
that  same  Church  would  be  indebted  to  the  liberality  of 
King's  Chapel  for  the  privilege  of  worship ;  for,  while 
the  British,  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  made  a  riding- 
school,  or  circus,  of  the  Old  South,  the  congregation 
mingled  with  their  Episcopalian  brethren. 

THOMAS  HULL,  Boston.  This  may  have  been  a 
brother  of  Capt.  John  Hull,  the  Assistant.  His  inven- 
tory, £167  1  6,  appears  in  1670. 

RICHARD  JENCKS,  Boston  ;  admitted  to  the  2d  church 
October,  1682. 

HUGH  CLARKE,  Watertown  in  1640;  admitted  free- 
man 1660,  and  died  at  Roxbury,  July  20th,  1693. 

CAPT.  LAWRENCE  HAMMors7D,  Charlestown  ;  freeman 
1666;  Captain  of  militia;  Representative  of  C.  1672, 
for  six  years.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1670,  Lieutenant 


179 

1672.  He  died  at  Boston,  July  29th,  1699.  His  in- 
ventory appears  on  the  SufF.  Prob.  Rec.  Nov.  6th,  1699. 

WILLIAM  SEDGWICK,  Boston;  son  of  the  charter 
member. 

ENSIGN  TOBIAS  DAVIS,  Roxbury,  yeoman ;  died  in 
1690. 

DANIEL  BREWER,  Roxbury;  freeman  1634;  died 
January  9th,  1689,  aged  84. 

CAPT.  PHILIP  CURTIS,  Roxbury,  where  he  was  Lieu- 
tenant of  militia.  He  was  slain  in  battle  by  the  Indians, 
at  Hassanamesset,  Grafton,  Mass.,  Nov.  9th,  1675.  He 
acted  as  Lieutenant,  under  Capt.  Henchman,  in  the  ex- 
pedition against  King  Philip's  Indians,  when  he  was 
slain.  He  was  a  brave  soldier. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1666,  by  Edmund  Browne, 
Sudbury— Luke  III.  14th. 

In  September,  1666,  a  Sermon  was  preached  before 
the  Company,  at  Charlestown,  by  Rev.  John  Higginson 
of  Salem,  from  Exodus,  XV.  3d.  Sermons  were  preach- 
ed other  than  on  their  Anniversary,  in  June,  as  follows: 
In  1669,  Sept.  at  Charlestown,  by  Thomas  Thacher 
of  Boston,  from  Psalms,  LX.  4th  ;  in  1670,  Sept.  at 
Charlestown,  by  Zachariah  Whitman  of  Hull,  from 

Heb.  XIII ;  in  1677,  Sept.  at  ,  by  Urian  Oakes, 

of ,  from  Eccles.  IX.  1 1  th,  which  was  printed,  and 

is  now  before  me.  In  recurring  to  old  Almanacks,  1 
find  the  following:  For  years  1674,  '9,  '80,  '3,  '6,  say 
"  Artillery  Election  at  Salem,"  first  Monday  of  July. 
Those  for  1674,  '9,  '83,  '5,  '6,  say  «  Artillery  Election 
at  Cambridge,"  2d  Monday  of  September.  Those  for 
1679,  '83,  '94,  '6,  to  1710,  except  1706,  '14,  '15,  17,  say 
"  Artillery  Election  at  Boston,"  1st  Monday  of  June. 
Tully's  Almanack  for  1699,  May  30th,  being  the  last 
Tuesday,  says,  "Artillery  Election,  Concord;"  and  1st 
Monday  in  June,  says,  "  Artillery  Election,  Boston." 


180 

The  custom  of  monthly  trainings  had  not  then  be- 
come obsolete,  and  it  is  probable  they  were  all  called 
election  days,  and  that  in  June  the  anniversary  election 
of  officers.  No  notice  appears  of  their  being  called  so 
after  this  period.  It  is  most  probable  they  had  a  ser- 
mon, or  religious  services,  every  training  day,  at  first, 
especially  a  sermon  in  September.  These  training 
days  are  now  called  field  days,  and  they  have  no  re- 
ligious exercises,  except  the  annual  election  sermon,  in 
June.  They  hence  must  have  trained  in  ancient  times, 
except  in  June,  in  any  of  the  towns  of  the  colony,  or 
province,  as  convenience  dictated.  In  modern  times, 
they  are  confined  to  Boston,  excepting  short  excursions 
in  the  vicinity. 

1667. 

ENSIGN  FREEGRACE  BENDALL,  Boston,  merchant ; 
born  at  Boston,  1636 ;  was  the  eldest  son  of  Edward 
Bendall,  Ar.  Co.  1638.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1676. 

ENSIGN  WILLIAM  KENT,  Boston ;  Ensign  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1673,  and  died  June  9th,  1691. 

JOHN  RATCLIFFE,  bookseller. 

ENSIGN  GEORGE  BROUGHTON,  is  mentioned  by  Hub- 
bard,  Indian  Wars,  as  of  Salmon  Falls  River  in  1675. 

CAPT.  NATHANIEL  WILLIAMS,  Boston,  born  1642  ; 
son  of  Lieut.  Nathaniel,  Ar..Co.  1644;  Ensign  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1684,  Lieutenant  1693.  A  member  of  the 
Old  South  Church,  and  elected  Deacon  Oct.  15th,  1693. 

SAMUEL  BOSWORTH,  Boston  ;  son  of  Zacheus,  Ar. 
Co.  1650;  married  the  second  daughter  of  Thomas 
Bomsted,  Ar.  Co.  1647. 

"  After  forty  years,"  says  Hutchinson,  "  the  greatest 
part  of  our  first  emigrants  had  finished  their  pilgrimage, 
and  were  arrived  at  the  place  of  their  everlasting  abode. 


181 

Some  of  them  lamented  their  being  born  too  soon  to 
see  New  England  in  its  most  flourishing  state.  This  will 
be  the  case  with  their  posterity,  for  many  generations." 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1667,  by  Samuel  Dan- 
forth,  Roxbury— Exodus  XVII.  1 1th. 

1668. 

THOMAS  FOSTER,  Boston;  member  of  the  church 
1640;  freeman  1642;  styled  in  the  church  records, 
gunner. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  CRAFTS,  or  Craft,  Roxbury ;  born  1630 ; 
married  1654,  and  died  Sept.  3d,  1685. 

EDWARD  TYNG,  JR,  Boston  ;  second  son  of  Maj.  Gen. 
Edward,  Ar.  Co.  1642.  He  was  one  of  Sir  E.  Andross's 
Council,  1687  ;  appointed  Governor  of  Annapolis,  and 
was  taken  prisoner  on  his  passage  to  that  place  ;  carried 
into  France,  where  he  died. 

JOSEPH  LYALL,  Boston,  lawyer,  (sometimes  spelt 
Lisle,)  son  of  Francis,  Ar.  Co.  1640  ;  born  in  Boston, 
1642. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1668,  by  John  Wilson, 
Medfield— Luke  XIX.  42d. 

1669. 

EDWARD  SHIPPEN,  Boston ;  ancestor  of  Judge  Ship- 
pen  ;  removed  to  Philadelphia,  where  he  became  their 
first  Mayor,  under  the  City  Charter  of  1701. 

JAMES  RUSSELL,  ESQ,  Charlestown;  freeman  1668; 
son  of  the  Hon.  Richard  Russell,  Ar.  Co.  1644;  born 
Oct.  4th,  1640,  at  Charlestown.  Representative  1679; 
Assistant  1680  to  1686  ;  one  of  President  Dudley's 
Council;  a  member  of  the  Council  of  Safety,  1689; 
one  of  the  two  who  signed  the  order  to  have  Castle 
Island  delivered  up,  and  appears  one  of  the  leading 


182 

men  in  the  operations  of  that  day.  A  Counsellor  under 
the  new  charter,  1692  ;  also  a  Judge,  and  Treasurer  of 
Massachusetts.  His  wife  was  Maybel,  daughter  of  Gov. 
Haynes.  He  died  April  28th,  1709,  aged  68. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1669,  by  Samuel  Torrey, 
Weymouth— Psalms  LXXII.  2d. 

1670. 

COL.  SAMUEL  SHRIMPTON,  Boston ;  born  in  Boston, 
1643;  freeman  1673;  was  an  eminent  merchant  of 
Boston.  He  was  elected  an  officer  of  militia  when  a 
private  of  this  Company  ;  and  his  military  talents  must 
have  been  great,  for  at  that  period  (a  thing  unusual)  he 
was  (1672)  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.,  and  promoted  Lieu- 
tenant 1673.  He  was  very  active  in  the  revival  of  the 
Company,  after  Andross's  usurpation,  and  made  the 
Colonel  of  the  Suffolk  Regiment,  April  20th,  1689— the 
first  person  in  that  station  after  the  abolition  of  the 
office  of  Serjeant-major,  as  commander  of  a  regiment. 
Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1694,  the  twenty-fourth  year  of 
his  membership.  He  died  while  in  the  office  of  Colonel, 
Feb.  5th,  1698,  aged  55. 

He  was  one  of  Sir  E.  Andross's  Council  in  1687,  and 
one  of  the  Council  of  Safety  on  his  deposition,  1689. 
It  appears  he  was  a  great  landholder.  He  was  buried 
Feb.  14th,  with  great  solemnity.  "  Vir  patriae*  clarus." 
He  was  an  ancestor  of  Gen.  William  H.  Sumner,  Ar. 
Co.  1819. 

COL.  JONATHAN  TYNG,  Woburn,  (by  some  of  Dun- 
stable,)  born  at  Boston,  Dec.  15th,  1642.  He  was  one 
of  Sir  E.  Andross's  Council  in  1687  ;  a  magistrate  and 
man  of  influence.  He  married  the  daughter  of  Heze- 
kiah  Usher,  for  his  first  wife,  and  Judith,  his  second, 
survived  him,  dying  June  5th,  1736,  aged  99.  He  died 

*  Says  an  old  Almanack. 


183 

Jan.  1 9th,  1 724,  aged  82.  His  children  lived  in  Tyngs- 
boro'  and  Chelmsford,  Mass.  The  following  is  extract- 
ed from  the  News  Letter,  No.  1043,  one  of  the  first 
newspapers  in  New  England :  "  Woburn,  Lord's  Day, 
Jan.  19th,  1723-4.  We  were  here  entertained  with  a 
very  loud  memento  mori.  The  Hon.  Col.  Jonathan 
Tyng,  Esq,  walking  to  the  place  of  public  worship  in 
the  afternoon,  expired  as  soon  as  he  got  into  his  seat, 
during  the  time  of  the  first  prayer,  aged  81.  His  faith 
and  holiness  were  so  apparent,  that  we  were  persuaded 
he  was  conveyed  to  the  assembly  of  the  first  born  in 
Heaven,  to  bear  a  part  with  them  in  glorifying  their 
Creator  and  Redeemer." 

COL.  ELISHA  HUTCHINSON,  Boston,  merchant ;  born 
1641  ;  was  the  eldest  son  of  Capt.  Edward,  Ar.  Co. 
1638  ;  admitted  freeman  1668;  Representative  of  Bos- 
ton in  1680,  &c. ;  Assistant  in  1684,  '5,  '6 ;  one  of  the 
Council  1689,  and  under  the  new,  or  Provincial  Charter 
in  1692,  and  continued  in  the  Council  to  his  death, 
Dec.  10th,  1717,  in  his  77th  year.  He  was  a  Captain 
of  the  Boston  Militia ;  Sergeant-Major  of  the  Regiment, 
as  successor  of  John  Richards,  and  vt$s  the  last  person 
who  ever  sustained  that  office.  On  the  reorganization 
of  the  Militia,  he  was  Major  of  the  Suffolk,  Boston, 
Regiment,  under  Col.  Shrimpton;  in  1694,  Lieutenant 
Colonel,  and,  1699,  Colonel,  which  office  he  held  till 
1703.  He  was  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1671  ;  Lieuten- 
ant  1674;  Captain  1676.  He  continued  a  member 
through  the  troubles  of  Andross's  administration,  and  was 
the  principal  and  leading  character  who  caused  the  re- 
suscitation of  the  Company  afterwards,  being  chosen,  in 
the  autumn  of  1690,  to  command  a  second  time,  until 
the  next  regular  anniversary  election.  A  third  time 
commander,  in  1697,  and  continued  a  member  47 
years,  to  his  death. 


184 

His  wife  was  a  daughter  of  Major  Clarke,  an  eminent 
merchant,  whose  store,  &c,  at  the  North  End,  long  con- 
tinued in  the  family  by  the  name  of  Hutchinson's  Wharf. 
His  house  was  in  the  North  square.  This  part  of  the 
town,  about  his  day,  became  the  " Court  End"  where 
the  heaviest  shipping  laded  and  unladed,  and  the  most 
extensive  business  was  transacted.  His  son  Thomas 
was  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1694,  and  grandfather  of  Governor 
Hutchinson,  of  Revolutionary  fame. 

He  was  in  London,  1688,  and  joined  in  a  remon- 
strance to  King  James  II.  He  had  been  commander  at 
Castle  William,  and  sustained  that  office  when  Dudley 
arrived,  but  was  removed  to  make  way  for  the  new  order 
of  things,  and  succeeded  by  Lieut.  Gov.  Povey — after 
which,  and  until  the  Revolution,  that  office  was  a  sine- 
cure. He  was  one  of  the  Commissioners,  with  Towns- 
end  and  Leverett,  to  Port  Royal,  in  1707;  commander 
of  the  Colonial  forces  when  the  new  charter  arrived, 
having  so  disposed  of  them  as  to  cover  the  eastern  fron- 
tier, after  the  destruction  of  York,  and  having  his  head- 
quarters at  Portsmouth. 

THOMAS  NORMAN.  He  may  have  been  a  son  or 
grandson  of  Richard  N.  of  Salem,  who  came  to  N.  £. 
1627,  and  died  there,  1683. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1670,  by  John  Oxen- 
bridge,  Boston. 

1671. 

JOHN  LOWLE,  Boston,  cooper.  He  is  probably  the 
son  of  Percival  Lowle,  who  came  from  Bristol,  Eng- 
land, a  merchant,  and  settled  atNewbury.  John  Lowle 
appears  to  have  been  of  Boston  in  1 655,  and  died  June 
7th,  1694 ;  administration  on  his  estate  Sept.  27th,  1694. 
He  had  a  son,  John.  This  name  is  now  spelt  Lowell ; 
from  Percival,  the  Rev.  Charles,  D.  D.  of  Boston,  and 


183 

i 

the  Hon.  John,  a  distinguished  lawyer  of  Boston,  and 
farmer  of  Roxbury,  (quondam  rebel,)  are  descended. 

ENSIGN  THOMAS  THACHER,  JR,  Boston;  son  of  Rev. 
Thomas,  first  Minister  of  the  Old  South  Church ;  En- 
sign of  the  Ar.  Co.  1 675,  and  died  at  Boston,  April  2d, 
1686. 

CAPT.  JOHN  WING,  Boston,  mariner  ;  born  in  Boston, 
1637;  son  of  Robert.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1677; 
Lieutenant  1682;  Captain  1693.  He  took  an  active 
part  in  the  resuscitation  of  the  Company  after  Andross's 
usurpation,  and  continued  a  member  to  his  decease. 
Farmer  thinks  that  he  died  Feb.  22d,  1704 ;  but  I  find 
a  will  of  John  Wing,  master  mariner,  of  Boston,  in  the 
Suff.  Prob.  Rec.,  dated  Feb.  24th,  1701,  and  proved 
March  the  1 2th,  1 702-3.  His  inventory,  by  H .  During, 
Ar.  Co.  1682,  and  J.  Marion,  jr,  Ar.  Co.  1691,  apprais- 
ers, amounts  to  £125  15.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Old  South  Church. 

NEHEMIAH  PIERCE,  Boston ;  son  of  John,  of  Dorches- 
ter; born  1639;  died  in  1691. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  MORSE,  Boston,  shop-keeper ;  Clerk  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  in  1675,  when  the  first  Rules  were  made; 
probably  the  son  of  John,  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  of 
Dedham,  and  born  1639. 

LIEUT.  GEN.  JOHN  WALLET,*  Boston  ;  admitted  while 
a  private  citizen,  and  soon  after  has  the  title  of  Ensign, 
probably  a  militia  officer.  His  name  appears  afterwards 
as  a  bondsman ;  as  Lieutenant,  1678  ;  then  Captain, 
Major,  and  Colonel.  I  suppose  he  held  all  the  offices 
in  the  Boston  militia.  He  was  elected  Major  of  the 
Boston  Regiment,  1699,  and  soon  after  Colonel.  The 

office  of  Major  he  held  probably  as  commander  of  a 

1 

*  I  strongly  believe  he  might  be  a  relative  of  the  regicide  who  fled  to  this  coun- 
try, lived  in  fear,  and  died  in  obscurity,  in  the  interior  of  Massachusetts. 
94 


!86 

i . 

regiment,  under  Gov.  Phipps,  against  the  French  and 
Indians  in  Canada,  in  1690;  he  commanded  the  first 
expedition  against  them,  Feb.  12th,  1689.  He  rose  to 
be  Lieut.  General  of  his  Majesty's  forces  against  them, 
and  is  the  only  person  on  the  roll  that  -ever  sustained 
that  rank.  He  commanded  the  Company  three  times : 
1679,  1699,  and  1707;  in  the  two  last,  he  is  styled 
Lieut.  General.  He  must,  therefore,  have  been  an  ac- 
tive member  at  least  36  years,  and  exerted  himself  in 
its  revival.  He  continued  a  member  to  his  death,  Jan. 
llth,  1712. 

*'  At  the  first  election,"  under  the  new  charter,  says  Htltchinson, 
"  it  was  ma<le  a  question  whether,  by  the  General  Court  or  Assem- 
bly, was  intended  the  House  of  Representatives  only,  or  the  whole 
three  branches;  and  it  is  handed  down  to  us  by  tradition,  that  after 
some  time  spent  in  messages  and  "replies,  the  Council  of  the  former 
year  gave  Up  the  point,  and  -sent  TMtaj.  W  alley,  one  of  their  number, 
to  acquaint  the  Speaker  with  It ;  but  when  he  came  to  the  door,  he 
heard  the  Speaker  putting  the  question  to  the  House,  and 'finding 
they  had  conceded  to  the  Council,  he  returned  without  delivering 
'the  message;  and  a 'Committee  coming  soon  after  from  the  House, 
to  bring  up  the  vote,  the  Council  by  this  accident  retained  a-.prm- 
lege,  which  they  have  been  in  the  exercise  of  ever  since." 

•He  was  one  of  Andross's  Council  in  1687,  and  the 
Council  under  the  n£w  or  Provincial  Charter,  1692, 
and  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  df  Massachusetts.  His 
tomb-stone  says  he  died  Jan.  llth,  1711-12,  aged  69. 
In  his  will  he  gives  £100  to  Harvard  College ;  his  silver 
tankard  and  £ —  to  the  Old  South  Church,  where  he 
was  a  member ;  and  also  a  donation  to  Harvard  Col- 
lege, towards  the  "support  of  two  hopeful  scholars, 
such  as  the  President  and  Ministers  of  the  (first)  Church 
in  Cambridge  and  the  Old  South  Ministers  approve." 
His  inventory  was  £16,805  18  6,  and  debt^  £9061  11.5. 
His  descendants  now  worship  at  that  church ;  but  one  of 
them  of  the  present  age,  Thomas,  was  a  zealous  Koman 
CathoKc. 


CAPT.  JEREMIAH  DUMMER,  Boston  ;  son  of  Richard 
D.  of  Newbury  ;  born  at  Newbury,  Sept.  14th,  1645; 
settled  in  Boston.  He  was  one  of  the  Council  of  Safety, 
1689.  His  will  was  proved  June  18th,  1718.  Farmer 
says,  he  died  May  24th,  1718,  aged  73.  The  following 
is  an  extract  from  the  Boston  News  Letter  of  June  2d, 
1718:— 


"On  the  25th,  past,  departed  this  life  Jeremiah  Dummer, 
in  the  73d  year  of  his  age,  after  a  long  retirement,  under  great  in- 
firmities of  age  and  sickness;  having  served  his  country  faithfully  in 
several  public  stations,  and  obtained  of  all  that  knew  him  the  char- 
acter of  a  just,  virtuous,  and  pious  man  ;  and  was  honorably  inter- 
red on  Thursday  last." 

He  is  said  to  have  been  an  accomplished  writer  and 
scholar. 

THOMAS  BENDISH. 

CAPT.  BENJAMIN  ALFORD,  Boston,  merchant  ;  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1685.  His  sons,  John,  Ar.  Co.  1714; 
James,  1713,  and  brother-in-law,  Major  Benja.  Davis, 
1673.  His  will  is  dated  Feb.  19th,  1696-7,  and  proved 
Feb.  28th,  1709. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1671,  by  Thos,  Thacher, 
Boston—  Rev.  XVII.  14th. 

1672. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  MOSELEV,  probably  son  of  Henry 
Madsley,  Ar.  Co.  1643;  was  born  1641  ;  commanded 
a  troop  of  horse,  under  Major  Savage,  in  King  Philip's 
war,  1675.  Hutchinson  says,  he  "  had  been  an  old  pri^ 
vateer  at  Jamaica,  probably  of  such  as  were  called  buc- 
caneers." 

MAJOR  DANIEL  DAVISON,  Ipswich  1665;  removed  to 
Newbury  ;  was  a  man  of  note  there,  and  Major  of  the 
Essex  Regiment. 


188 

PETER  BENNET,  Boston,  housewright ;  administration 
Sept.  21st,  1702. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1672,  by  Uriah  Oakes, 
Pres.  Har.  Col.— Rom.  VIII.  37th.  Printed. 

1673. 

LIEUT.  JONATHAN  BRIDGHAM,  Boston,  tanner  ;  proba- 
bly eldest  son  of  Henry,  Ar.  Co.  1644,  whom  Farmer 
calls  John;  born  1645.  He  had  brothers,  Joseph  and 
Benjamin,  Ar.  Co.  1674,  whom  he  names  in  his  will, 
1689.  A  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  HAYWARD,  Watertown,  scrivener,  in 
1640  ;  Representative  in  1645.  I  conclude  he  after- 
wards resided  in  Boston.  "  Dec.  3d,  1677,  there  was 
but  one  post-office  in  Massachusetts,  at  Boston.  The 
Court  of  Assistants  appointed  John  Hay  ward  Postmaster 
for  the  whole  colony."  A  John  Hayward,  of  Charles- 
town,  was  a  donor  to  Harvard  College,  1672. 

CAPT.  HOPESTILL  FOSTER,  Dorchester  ;  son  of  Capt. 
Hopestill,  Ar.  Co.  1742,  and  father  of  Capt.  Hopestill, 
Ar.  Co.  1694. 

JAMES  PENYMAN,  Braintree. 

MAT.  BENJAMIN  DAVIS,  Boston,  apothecary ;  son  of 
Capt  William,  Ar.  Co.  1643.  He  was  a  Major,  but  of 
what  corps  we  are  not  informed ;  and  Ensign  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1679;  Lieutenant  1681.  He  died,  according 
to  Farmer,  Nov.  26th,  1704.  There  appears  adminis- 
tration on  Benjamin  Davis,  apothecary,  Boston,  June 
1st,  1704.  I  am  not  able  to  reconcile  these  dates.  A 
member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

JOHN  SANDYS,  Boston,  merchant;  born  1646. 

JACOB  JESS  ON. 

NATHANIEL  PIERCE.     I  conclude  this  was  the  son  of 


\    / 


189 

William,  Selectman  of  Boston,  a  gentleman  of  high  re- 
pute, who  died  there  1661  or  '9. 

CAPT.  JOHN  ATWOOD,  Boston,  cordwainer ;  Captain 
of  militia.  He  was  active  in  reviving  the  Company, 
after  Andross's  usurpation,  and  elected  its  Lieutenant 
1695.  Administration  granted  August  18th,  1714. 

NATHANIEL  BLAKE,  perhaps  son  of  William,  of  Mil- 
ton and  Dorchester,  Ar.  Co.  1646  ;  or  of  John,  Ar.  Co. 
1642. 

FRANCIS  MORSE.  Probably  the  surname  is  wrongly 
spelt  on  the  old  roll,  and  should  be  Francis  Moore,  of 
Cambridge,  freeman  1652,  who  married  before  1658. 

O      '  ' 

JOHN  SWEETING.  I  think  this  name,  also,  a  mis- 
take ;  for  John  Sweete,  son  of  John,  a  ship-carpenter  of 
Boston,  and  member  of  the  church  there ;  if  so,  he  was 
born  1651. 

COL.  JOHN  USHER,  Boston,  bookseller ;  son  of  En- 
sign Hezekiah,  Ar.  Co.  1638  ;  born  in  Boston,  April 
27th,  1648 ;  freeman  1673.  He  was  appointed  a  Colonel 
during  Andross's  sway,  1687,  and  one  of  his  Council, 
and  Treasurer  of  the  Colony.  He  was  appointed  Lieut. 
Governor  of  New  Hampshire  (1692)  five  years,  when, 
being  unpopular,  he  was  supplanted  by  Partridge  ;  but 
was  again  appointed,  in  1702,  under  Gov.  Dudley. 
While  in  office,  he  occasionally  resided  at  Portsmouth, 
but  carried  on  business  at  the  same  time  in  Boston. 
Many  tracts  appear,  "  published  at  J.  Usher's  Book- 
store." 

"  John  Usher,  Esq,  was  a  native  of  Boston.*  He  was  possessed 
of  a  handsome  fortune,  and  sustained  a  fair  character  in  trade.  He 
had  been  employed  by  the  Massachusetts  government,  when  in  Eng- 
land, (1689)  to  negotiate  the  purchase  of  the  Province  of  Maine, 
from  the  heirs  of  Ferdinando  Georges,  and  had  thereby  got  a  taste 

*  Belknap,  Hist.  N.  H.,  Farmer's  edition,  I.  p.  148,  chap.  XI.  Much  valuable 
information  is  obtained  from  this  work. 


190 

for  speculating  in  landed  interest.  He  was  one  of  the  part  owners 
in  the  million  purchase,  and  had  sanguine  expectations  of  gain  from 
that  quarter.  He  had  rendered  himself  unpopular  among  his  coun- 
trymen, by  accepting  the  office  of  Treasurer  under  Sir  E.  Andross, 
and  joining  with  apparent  zeal  in  the  measures  of  that  administra- 
tion, and  he  continued  a  friendly  connection  with  that  party  after 
they  were  displaced. 

"  Though  rather  of  an  open  and  generous  disposition,  yet  he 
wanted  those  accomplishments  which  he  might  have  acquired  by  a 
learned  and  polite  education.  He  had  but  little  of  the  statesman, 
and  less  of  the  courtier.  Instead  of  an  engaging  affability,  he  affect- 
ed a  severity  in  his  deportment,  was  loud  in  conversation,  and  stern 
in  command.  Fond  of  presiding  in  government,  he  frequently 
journeyed  into  the  Province,  and  often  summoned  the  Council,  when 
he  had  little  or  nothing  to  lay  before  them.  He  gave  orders,  and  found 
fault  like  one  who  felt  himself  independent,  and  was  determined  to 
be  obeyed.  He  had  an  high  idea  of  his  authority,  and  the  dignity 
of  his  commission  ;  and  when  opposed  and  insulted,  as  he  sometimes 
was,  he  treated  the  offenders  with  severity,  which  he  would  not  relax, 
till  he  had  brought  them  to  submission.  His  public  speeches  were 
always  incorrect,  and  sometimes  coarse  and  reproachful.  He  seems, 
however,  to  have  taken  as  much  care  for  the  interest  and  preserva- 
tion of  the  Province,  as  one  in  his  circumstances  could  have  done." 

The  Province  of  New  Hampshire  sometimes  voted 
him  thanks  for  his  services,  at  others  complained  of 
his  abusing  and  oppressing  them.  He  could  buy  the 
best  situated  lands  in  the  interior  for  2d.  to  4d.  per  acre, 
and,  like  most  speculators,  passed  through  a  multitude 
of  law-suits.  He  educated  his  son,  Rev.  John,  at  Har- 
vard College,  1719,  and  his  grandson,  John,  Har.  Col. 
1643,  was  the  Episcopal  Minister  of  Bristol,  R.  I.,  where 
he  died,  July,  1804,  aged  81,  the  predecessor  of  the 
present  venerable  Bishop  of  the  Eastern  Diocese.  He 
finally  removed  to  Medford,  and  died  there,  Farmer 
says,  Sept.  5th,  1726,  aged  78.  The  Boston  News 
Letter  says  he  died  Sept.  1st,  1726,  aged  79.  A  large 
tomb-stone  in  Medford  corroborates  the  News  Letter.* 

*He  purchased  the  right  and  interest  of  Georges'  heirs,  for  £1200  sterling,  and 
assigned  it  over  to  the  Governor  and  Company. 


191 

CAPT.  JOHN  WAITE,  Maiden;  freeman  1647;  Cap- 
tain of  militia  there;  Representative  1666  to  1684, 
when  he  was  Speaker.  He  was  probably  the  witness 
to  Gov.  Leverett's  will. 

THOMAS  JENNER,  Boston  ;  son  of  Thomas,  minister 
of  Weymouth. 

JOHN  TAYLOR,  Cambridge ;  freeman  1651  ;  died 
Sept.  7th,  1683,  aged  73.  [See  1665.] 

This  year  the  Castle  was  burnt;  also,  Harvard  Col- 
lege ;  and  a  liberal  contribution  to  rebuild  the  College 
was  collected  in  the  several  towns  of  the  colony. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1673,  by  Seaborn  Cotton, 
Hampton— 2d  Sam.  X.  12th. 

1674. 

JOSEPH  FARNAM  ;  probably  son  of  Henry,  Ar.  Co. 
1644. 

COL.  PENN  TOWN  SEND,  Boston,  wine  merchant,  was 
the  third  son  of  William,  born  in  Boston,  Dec.  20th, 
1651.  He  was  a  leading  man  in  town  affairs,  generally 
Moderator  of  town-meetings;  Representative  1686,  and 
annually,  except  during  Andross's  reign,  to  1698,  and 
Speaker  of  the  House  afterwards.  One  of  the  Council 
under  the  new  charter,  1721.  His  first  military  title  is 
Lieutenant,  in  the  militia  of  Boston ;  then  Captain  ; 
Major  of  the  Boston  Regiment,  1 694  ;  promoted  Lieut. 
Col.  1699;  Colonel  1703;  which  office  he  held  till 
1710.  Soon  after  his  admission,  he  was  Orderly  of  the 
Ar.  Co. ;  Lieutenant  in  1679  ;  Captain  1681.  He  was 
actively  engaged  in  its  revival,  after  Andross  was  de- 
posed, and  again  its  Lieutenant,  under  Col.  Hutchin- 
son,  October,  1690,  to  serve  until  the  next  anniversary, 
when  he  was  again  commander.  He  was  three  times 
afterwards  elected  its  Captain,  1698,  1709  and  1723 — 
the  last  time  when  he  was  71  years  old.  He  must  have 


192 

continued  an  active  member  at  least  forty-nine  years ; 
nor  did  he  cease  to  be  a  member  until  his  decease,  Au- 
gust 21st,  1727,  in  his  76th  year.  His  tomb-stone  is  No. 
30,  in  the  Granary,  close  to  the  corner  of  Park  street 
Church. 

To  judge  from  the  repeated  instances  of  his  election 
to  offices  where  he  must  preside,  he  must  have  had 
personal  dignity,  as  well  as  popularity,  commanding 
great  respect.  It  proves,  also,  that  he  was,  in  modern 
phrase,  a  working  man,  efficient,  prompt  and  accurate. 
There  are  delineations  of  his  character  in  the  old  "  News 
Letter,"  No.  35,  and  his  funeral  sermon,  by  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Foxcroft.  Notwithstanding  he  devoted  much  time 
to  the  public  service,  he  paid  strict  attention  to  his  pri- 
vate business,  and  lived  in  great  style.  Hon.  Addirigton 
Davenport,  Ar.  Co.  1692,  was  his  kinsman.  His  in- 
ventory, August  29th,  1727,  contains  239  oz.  of  silver 
plate,  and  12  oz.  of  small  plate,  an  old  silver-hilted 
sword.  His  mansion  house  and  land,  70  feet  front,  152 
deep,  £800;  South  End  brick  house,  38  by4165  feet, 
£1500 ;  wooden  house,  20  by  40,  £600  ;  farm  at  Pull- 
ing Point,  £3000— total,  real  and  personal,  £6768  1 8  6. 
No  inconsiderable  fortune,  in  those  days.  His  mansion 
house  was  probably  near  the  Mill  creek,  in  Ann  street. 
He  belonged  to  the  Old  South  Church. 

He  was  agent,  with  Col.  Hutchinson  and  President 
Leverett,  to  superintend  the  military  forces  under  Col. 
March,  destined  against  Port  Royal,  in  1707,  selected 
by  Gov.  Dudley,  on  account  of  their  great  popularity. 
Dunton  says,  he  was  "  a  gentleman  very  courteous  and 
affable  in  his  conversation. 

CAPT.  EPHRAIM  SAVAGE,  third  son  and  fourth  child  of 
Maj.  Thomas  S,  the  charter  member,  was  born  at  Bos- 
ton, July  20th,  1645 ;  graduated  at  Harv.  College  1662, 
and  admitted  freeman  1672.  An  officer  of  the  Boston 


193 

militia,  serving  in  the  expedition  to  Canada,  1690,  as 
Captain.  He  was  elected  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1678, 
Lieutenant  1680,  Captain  1683 ;  Representative  of  Bos- 
ton 1703  to  '8  and  1710.  His  will  was  proved  March 
22d,  1730-1.  He  died  at  the  close  of  February,  and  was 
buried  March  2d,  1731 ,  says  Farmer,  aged  86.  A  mem- 
ber of  the  Old  South  Church. 

CAPT.  DANIEL  TDRELL,  JR,  Boston,  son  of  Capt. 
Daniel,  Ar.  Co.  1656.  An  officer  in  the  Boston  militia. 
Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1676. 

JABEZ  SALTER,  Boston,  born  1647.  Inventory  April 
3d,  1721. 

MOSES  BRADFORD,  Boston,  born  1644,  died  Boston, 
March  23d,  1692. 

ROBERT  SEDGWICK,  probably  of  Boston,  son  of  Maj. 
Gen.  Robert,  a  charter  member.  One  of  Gen.  Sedg- 
wick's  sons  died  on  his  passage  from  Jamaica,  which 
place  he  had  visited,  and  was  buried  at  Boston.  In- 
ventory April  26th,  1683. 

JOHN  DRURY,  Boston,  son  of  Hugh,  Ar.  Co.  1659, 
born  1646.  A  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

CAPT.  EDWARD  CREEK. 

LIEUT.  AMBROSE  DAVIS,  Boston,  probably  brother  of 
Joseph,  Ar.  Co.  1675.  He  is  undoubtedly  the  Ambrose 
Dawes,  who  married  Mary,  the  first  of  that  name, 
daughter  of  Thomas  Bumsted,  Ar.  Co.  1647. 

JOSEPH  PROUT,  Boston,  probably  brother  or  son  of 
Timothy,  of  Boston,  a  shipwright. 

THOMAS  BILL,  Boston.  This  may  be  a  son  of  John, 
of  Boston,  who  died  Dec.  1638.  Thomas  and  Richard, 
Ar.  Co.  were  probably  his  sons. 

LIEUT.  EPHRAIM  SALE,  Boston,  cooper.  A  William 
Sayle,  of  Boston,  a  Captain,  and  sometime  Governor  xrf 


194 

Bermuda,  was  in  Boston  1646,  went  back  to  England, 
but  came  over  again  in  1648*  He  was  his  son,  or  the 
son  of  Ephraim,  as  described  by  Farmer.  This  name 
has  been  singularly  varied.  Lieut.  Ephraim  was  an- 
cestor of  the  Sales  hereafter  mentioned. 

LIEUT.  JOSEPH  BRIDGHAM,  Boston,  tanner,  born  in 
Boston,  1651.  He  was  nonresident  Representative  of 
Northampton  1690,  and  Boston  1697.  He  was  Ruling 
Elder  of  the  first  Church.  His  estate  was  appraised  at 
£4221  19  5.  Henry,  his  son,  Ar.  Co.  1699,  and  ex- 
ecutor, had  previously  deceased.  The  grave-stone  in 
the  Chapel  ground  says  he  died  January  6th,  1708-9, 
aged  58.  He  had  a  son,  Joseph. 

BENJAMIN  BRIDGHAM,  Boston,  brother  of  the  preced- 
ing, born  1654. 

JAMES  GREEN,  Boston,  printer;  freeman  1647.  He 
was  a  man  of  good  sense,  facetious  and  obliging  in  his 
conversation. 

ENSIGN  DAVID  HOBART,  Hingham,  was  the  seventh 
son  of  Rev.  Peter  H.  of  that  place.  His  will  styles  him 
a  tanner;  it  was  proved  Nov.  19th,  1717.  He  was 
Representative  of  H.  1692  and  '7,  and  nephew  of  Capt. 
Joshua,  Ar.  Co.  1641. 

JOSEPH  PORTER,  Roxbury. 
EXPERIENCE  WILLIS. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1674,  by  Joshua  Moodey, 
Portsmouth— 1st  Corinth.  IX,  26th.  Printed. 

1675. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  BRATTLE,  Boston,  freeman  1657,  mer- 
chant. He  was  nonresident  Representative  for  Lan- 
caster 1671  and  '2,  for  Concord  1678  and  '9,  Commis- 

*  New  England  Salamander  discovered.     Winslow,  II.     Winthrop,  334. 


195 

sioner  to  King  Philip  at  Taunton,  1671,  with  Capts. 
Davis  and  Hudson.  Maj.  Gen.  William  Brattle,  Ar. 
Co.  1729,  the  son  of  William,  minister  of  Cambridge, 
was  a  great-grandson.  Inventory,  after  deducting  debts, 
&c.  leaves  a  balance,  £7827  16  10.  Some  of  his  estate 
was  in  Brattle  street,  for  whom  it  is  named.  He  was 
one  of  the  four  persons  who  made  the  purchase  of  the 
tract  of  land  on  the  Kennebec  river,  subsequently  known 
by  the  name  of  the  Plymouth  Company,  (vulgarly,  squat- 
ters.) He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Old  South 
Church. 

DANIEL  QUINCY,  Boston,  merchant,  son  of  Edmund 
Quincy,  of  Braintree,  common  ancestor  of  all  the  Quin- 
cys  in  Massachusetts,  was  born  in  that  part  of  the  town 
now  Quincy.  He  left  but  one  son,  John,  the  great- 
grandfather of  John  Q.  Adams,  late  President.  His 
younger  brother,  Edmund,  was  the  ancestor  of  the  dis- 
tinguished orator  and  patriot,  Josiah,  father  of  Josiah, 
the  President  of  Harvard  College.  Daniel  Quincy's 
will  is  dated  August  4th,  1690,  and  proved  Sept.  8th, 
1690,  wherein  he  styles  himself  a  goldsmith. 

JOHN  NICHOLS,  Boston,  merchant.  A  member  of  the 
Old  South  Church. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  GREENOUGH,  Boston  in  1656,  master 
mariner.  A  Captain  of  the  militia  as  well  as  of  a  vessel. 
Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1691,  and  died  8th  August,  1693. 

JOHN  MOORE,  (Sudbury,)  more  probably  of  Boston, 
tailor,  whose  inventory  appears  in  the  Suff.  Prob.  Rec., 
March  8th,  1694-5. 

CAPT.  DANIEL  HENCHMAN,  Boston ;  schoolmaster  in 
Boston  from  1666  to  1671 ;  was  a  distinguished  Captain, 
in  King  Philip's  war,  of  a  company  of  foot,  June  26, 
1675,  in  company  with  Capt.  Prentice,  with  a  troop  of 
horse.  An  eclipse  of  the  moon,  that  evening,  discour- 


196 

aged  the  expedition  much.  That  over,  they  proceeded 
onward  and  arrived  at  Swanzey  before  night,  on  the 
28th.  Ensign  Savage  was  with  him.  Major  Thomas 
Savage  arrived  soon  and  took  command  of  the  forces 
and  brought  up  reinforcements.  "  A  few  skirmishes 
routed  the  Indians  in  that  quarter.  King  Philip  fled  to 
the  western  part  of  the  colony,  and  Henchman,  with 
some  of  the  troops  returned.  In  November  he  started 
again  from  Boston,  with  another  company.  Near  Men- 
don  they  heard  of  a  party  of  Indians,  and  it  was  resolved 
to  give  them  a  camisado,  as  they  called  it,  in  their  wig- 
wams. The  Captain  and  his  Lieutenant,  Philip  Curtis, 
(Ar.  Co.  1666,)  accordingly  led  their  men  out  to  the 
fight,  but  most  of  them  flinched  in  the  moment  of  need, 
and  Capt.  H.  and  Lieut.  C.  were  left  with  only  five  men 
to  finish  the  combat.  Lieut.  Curtis,  with  one  man, 
was  killed,  and  the  object  of  the  excursion  was  lost.* 
This  battle  happened  Nov.  9th,  1675,  at  what  is  now 
called  Grafton. 

He  was  a  Captain  of  militia,  and  the  person  who  sat 
out  the  great  elm  tree,  on  Boston  Common,!  for  a  shade 
to  the  military  companies  which  might  exercise  there  in 
after  time.  This  tree,  now  standing,  measured  in  cir- 
cumference, (1825,)  21  feet,  8  inches.  His  inventory, 
1686,  amounts  to  £1381  13  9.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Old  South  Church,  on  whose  records  his  name  is 
spelt  Hincksman. 

ANDREW  CLARKE. 

ENSIGN  WILLIAM  GRIGGS,  Boston,  distiller.  Admin- 
istration on  his  estate,  Nov.  5th,  1737.  SufF.  Prob.  Rec. 

ENSIGN  BENJAMIN  THURSTON,  Boston,  weaver ;  free- 
man 1665;  died  young,  according  to  Maj.  Sewall's  ac- 
count, to  whom  he  was  a  youthful  companion.  He  was 

*  Snow's  History  of  Boston,  p.  163. 

tSee  an  account  in  the  Boston  Commercial  Gazette,  April  25th,  1825. 


197 

one  of  the  members  of  the  Old  South  Church,  and  died 
of  the  small  pox,  1678. 

EPHRAIM  MORSE. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  GIBSON.  • 

ENSIGN  SIMEON  STODDARD,  son  of  Anthony,  Ar.  Co. 
1639,  was  living  in  Boston  in  1729.  A  member  of  the 
Old  South  Church. 

JOHN  JACKSON,  Boston,  born  June  26th,  1643.  John, 
his  father,  was  a  carpenter  in  Boston. 

JOSEPH  DAVIS,  Boston,  born  1645,  was  a  son  of  Capt. 
William  Davis,  Ar.  Co.  1643.  One  of  the  founders  of 
the  Old  South  Church. 

SIMEON  MES SINGER,  Boston.  Henry,  Ar.  Co.  1658, 
was  probably  his  father. 

JOHN  TEMPLE,  Boston,  probably  son  of  Sir  Thomas. 

"  Be  it  as  it  may,"  says  Hutchinson,  "it  is  certain,  that  as  the 
Colony  was  first  settled,  so  it  was  now  preserved  (Philip's  War)  from 
ruin,  without  any  charge  to  the  mother  country.  Nay,  as  far  as  we 
can  judge  from  the  materials  I  have,  the  collections  made  in  the 
Colony,  after  the  fire  in  London,  for  the  relief  of  the  sufferers  there, 
and  upon  other  occasions,  for  the  relief  of  divers  of  the  plantations, 
with  other  public  donations,  from  the  first  settlement  until  the  char- 
ter was  vacated,  will  not  fall  much,  if  any  thing,  short  of  the  whole 
sum  that  was  bestowed  upon  the  Colony  from  abroad  during  that 
time."  The  Indian  war  took  a  more  favorable  turn  in  1676. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1675,  by  Samuel  Phillips, 
Rowley — Joshua  V.  14th. 

1676. 

LIEUT.  SAMUEL  JOHNSON,  Boston ;  probably  son  of 
Capt.  James,  Ar.  Co.  1638 ;  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1697,  and  assisted  in  its  revival,  1690. 


198 

WILLIAM  TOMLIN  ;  probably  a  son  or  grandson  of 
Edward,  Ar.  Co.  1638.* 

JOHN  MEADER. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  NOYES,  Boston  ;  freeman  1675  ;  born 
June  4th,  1649;  father  of  Doct.  Oliver  N.  Ar.  Co. 
1699.  He  may  have  been  the  Ensign  of  Sudbury.  A 
member  of  the  Old  South  Church.  He  died  of  small- 
pox, 1678. 

ENSIGN  WILLIAM  COLMAN,  Boston  ;  born  aj:  Satterly, 
in  Suffolk,  England ;  father  of  the  celebrated  Rev.  B. 
Colman,  D.  D.,  first  Minister  of  Brattle  street  Church. 
He  was  a  founder  of  that  church,  in  1699,  and  contin- 
ued a  member  thereof,  under  his  son's  preaching. 

NATHANIEL  BARNES,  Boston.  Clerk  of  the  Company, 
and  by  directions  from  the  commander,  Maj.  Savage,  in 
1680,  he  made  a  complete  roll  of  all  members,  with 
their  bondsmen,  and  also  a  complete  list  of  officers  from 
the  beginning.  This  he  certified,  as  Clerk,  in  1681. 
To  the  preservation  of  this  list  we  are  mainly  indebted 
for  all  we  know  of  the  first  years  of  the  Company.  His 
labors  were  great,  and  in  1 746  they  were  thought  worthy 
of  being  transcribed.  Dunton  says,  he  was  Clerk  to 
the  government,  a  matchless  accomptant,  a  great  mu- 
sician, bookish  to  a  proverb, — very  generous  to  stran- 
gers." 

MAJ.  WILLIAM  PHILLIPS,  Saco  in  1659 ;  appointed 
a  magistrate  by  King  Charles  II ;  Commissioner  in 
1665  ;  was  a  Major  in  1675.  His  house  was  assaulted 
by  the  Indians,  Sept.  18th,  1675,  and  soon  after  burnt 
by  them.  There  was  a  William  Phillips,  innholder,  in 
Boston. 

*  The  descendants  of  members,  out  of  respect  to  their  memory  and  example, 
enrolled  themselves  as  memhers.  I  find  it  the  case  from  generation  to  generation, 
and  accompanied  with  such  incontrovertible  evidence,  that  I  conceive  it  safe 
sometimes  to  presume  the  fact. 


199 

SAMUEL  WAKEFIELD,  Boston.  In  his  house  one  of 
the  great  fires  in  Boston  began.  Samuel,  Ar.  Co.  1685, 
was  probably  his  son. 

LIEUT.  ISAAC  WALKER,  Boston ;  son  of  Isaac,  Ar.  Co. 
1644.  A  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

ROBERT  BUTCHER,  Boston ;  member  of  the  Old  South 
Church. 

JOSHUA  WINSOR,  Boston,  merchant.  His  will  is  dated 
Nov.  9th,  1717,  and  proved  Nov.  25th,  1717. 

CAPT.  BOZOUN  ALLEN,  Boston,  tanner.  He  was  en- 
gaged in  the  revival  of  the  Ar.  Co. ;  its  Ensign,  to  serve 
until  the  next  regular  election ;  its  Lieutenant  1691  ; 
Capt.  1696.  A  man  of  influence,  probably  leader  of 
the  mechanic  interest  in  Boston,  for  we  find  him  fre- 
quently Moderator  of  town-meetings,  and  in  other  town 
offices.  Representative  of  Boston  in  1700. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1676,  by  Samuel  Willard, 
Boston— Prov.  IV.  23d.  Printed. 

1677. 

COL.  JOSEPH  DUDLEY,  Roxbury,  lawyer,  was  born 
July  23d,  1647.*  He  graduated  at  Harvard  in  1665; 
was  Representative  1673  to  '5,  and  from  1676  to  1686 ; 
an  Assistant,  when  he  was  appointed  President  of  Mas- 
sachusetts and  New  Hampshire.  In  1682  and  '9,  he 
went  to  England,  and  was  deeply  engaged  in  the  court 
intrigues  there,  about  New  England  affairs.  During 
his  stay  there,  he  was  eight  years  Deputy  Governor  of 
the  Isle  of  Wight.  He  returned,  with  a  commission 
from  Queen  Anne  as  Governor  of  Massachusetts  and 
New  Hampshire,  in  which  office  he  remained  until  No- 
vember, 1715.  He  died  at  Roxbury,  April  2d,  1720, 
aged  72.  His  brother,  Paul,  joined  the  Ar.  Co.  with 

*  Allen's  Biography  says,  Sept.  23,  1647. 


200 

him.  From  his  having  the  title  of  Captain  when  he  first 
joined,  I  conclude  he  was  Captain  of  militia  in  Roxbury. 
I  suppose  he  obtained  the  rank  of  Major  and  Colonel 
in  the  British  army.  He  was  agent  for  the  colony  to 
England  in  1682,  jointly  with  Major  Richards,  and  re- 
turned Oct.  23d,  1683. 

The  following  appeared  in  the  Boston  News  Letter, 
April,  1720:* 

"On  Saturday,  2d  current,  died  the  very  honorable  Joseph  Dudley, 
Esq,  at  his  seat  in  Roxbury,  in  the  73d  year  of  his  age,  being  born 
Sept.  23d,  1647 ;  and  on  Friday,  8th  current,  he  was  interred  in  the 
sepulchre  of  his  father,  with  all  the  honor  and  respect  his  country 
was  capable  of  doing  him ;  there  being  two  regiments  of  foot,  with 
two  troops  of  horse  in  arms ;  and  while  his  funeral  was  passing,  the 
guns  at  his  Majesty's  Castle  William  were  fired ;  and  on  the  occasion 
all  the  bells  of  the  town  of  Boston  were  tolled.  There  attended  at 
the  funeral,  the  members  of  his  Majesty's  Council,  in  Boston  and 
the  neighboring  towns ;  a  great  number  of  Justices  of  the  Peace, 
Ministers,  gentlemen,  merchants  and  others. 

""  Gov.  Dudley  was  the  son  of  the  Hon.  Thomas  Dudley,  Esq,  (for 
many  years  Governor  of  New  England,)  and  the  son  of  his  old  age, 
being  born  after  his  father  was  seventy  years  old.  During  his  child- 
hood, he  was  under  the  care  of  his  excellent  mother,  and  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Allen,  the  Minister  of  Dedham,  who  married  her.  He  was  educat- 
ed at  the  free  school  in  Cambridge,  under  the  famous  master  Corlet ; 
from  thence  he  went  to  the  College  in  Cambridge,  and  there  took 
his  degrees  in  the  Presidentship  of  Mr.  Chauncey.  The  first  of  his 
public  appearance  for  his  country's  service,  was  in  the  Narragansett 
Indian  war,  1675.  In  1686,  the  government  of  the  Massachusetts 
Colony  being  changed  to  a  President  and  Council,  he  had  a  commis- 
sion to  command  in  chief;  and  after  the  arrival  of  Andross  in  the 
government  of  New  England,  New  York,  &c,  he  continued  Presi- 
dent of  the  Council  and  Chief  Justice.  In  1690,  he  had  a  commis- 
sion of  Chief  Justice  of  New  York.  In  1693,  he  went  a  third  time 
for  England.  While  in  England,  he  had  the  honor  to  serve  as  a 
member  of  the  House  of  Commons  for  the  borouh  of  Newton,  on 
the  Isle  of  Wight ;  but,  staying  in  England  till  his  Majesty's  death, 
he  was  obliged  to  get  his  commission  renewed  from  Queen  Anne, 
with  which  he  arrived  at  Boston,  June  llth,  1702,  and  was  received 

*  There  are  some  discrepancies  in  dates. 


201 

with  great  respect  and  affection,  and  continued  in  the  government 
until  November,  1715. 

"  Having  been  educated  at  Harvard  College,  he  always  retained 
for  his  Alma  Mater  an  affectionate  regard.  It  was,  no  doubt,  fortu- 
nate for  this  institution  that  so  warm  a  friend  to  it  had  so  much 
power  in  the  country,  after  the  Province  Charter  was  annulled  in  1686. 

"  He  was  a  man  of  rare  endowments  and  shining  accomplishments, 
a  singular  honor  to  his  country.  He  was  early  its  darling,  always 
its  ornament,  and  in  his  age  its  crown.  The  scholar,  the  divine,  the 
philosopher,  and  the  lawyer, — all  met  in  him.  Under  his  adminis- 
tration, we  enjoyed  great  quietness,  and  were  safely  steered  through 
a  long  and  difficult  Indian  and  French  war.  His  country  have  once 
and  again  thankfully  acknowledged  his  abilities  and  fidelity  in  their 
addresses  to  the  throne.  He  truly  honored  and  loved  the  religion, 
learning  and  virtue  of  New  England ;  and  was  himself  a  worthy 
patron  and  example  of  them  all." 

Dudley  was  of  the  moderate  party  in  1680,  supposing 
it  best  to  acquiesce  in  the  surrender  of  the  old  charter, 
and  wait  for  circumstances.  This  paved  the  way  for 
his  agency,  but  being  unsuccessful,  he  lost  his  election 
as  an  Assistant,  and  Richards  also,  in  1 684.  In  his  first 
visit  to  England,  when  he  found  he  could  not  serve  his 
country,  by  obtaining  a  confirmation  of  the  old  charter, 
he  served  himself,  and  became  a  prominent  candidate 
for  the  Chief  Magistracy.  The  idea  of  having  a  New 
England  man,  bred  and  born,  was  a  circumstance  that 
gave  him  many  friends — an  advantage  he  knew  well 
how  to  use.  It  is  probable  that  to  the  politic  use  he 
made  of  it,  he  owed  his  appointment  as  President.  We 
again  find  him  as  one  of  Andross's  Council,  on  the  next 
change  or  revolution  of  affairs,  and,  with  Lieut.  Gov. 
Stoughton,  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Superior  Court  of 
Massachusetts,  and  with-  him  was  opposed  to  the  wishes 
of  this  Council  as  to  quit-rents,  or,  rather,  Andross's 
attack  upon  the  people's  title  to  their  real  estates. 
Otherwise,  he  kept  in  with  Andross's  party,  and  so  man- 
aged as  to  keep  up  a  friendly  correspondence  with  the 
infamous  Randolph. 

28 


202 

When  Andross's  government  was  overturned  by  the 
people,  Dudley,  one  of  the  most  obnoxious  to  them, 
was  arrested  and  kept  a  close  prisoner  a  long  time,  and 
the  Representatives  in  General  Court  decided  his  of- 
fence was  such  that  he  was  not  bailable ;  and  they  sent 
up  to  the  Council  of  Safety  heads  of  charges  against  him 
and  others. 

"  Mr.  Dudley*  is  in  a  peculiar  manner  the  object  of  the  people's 
displeasure ;  even  throughout  all  the  Colonies,  where  he  hath  sat  as 
Judge,  they  deeply  resent  his  correspondence  with  that  wicked  man 
Randolph,  for  overturning  the  government.  The  Governor  and 
Council,  though  they  have  done  their  utmost  to  procure  his  enlarge- 
ment, yet  cannot  prevail,  but  the  people  will  have  him  in  the  jail ; 
and  when  he  hath  been  by  order  turned  out,  by  force  and  tumult 
they  fetch  him  in." 

He  says  himself,  in  a  letter  to  Cotton  Mather,  June  1st : 

"  I  am  told  that  this  morning  is  the  last  opportunity  for  rolling 
away  the  stone  from  the  mouth  of  this  sepulchre,  where  I  am  buried 
alive,"  &c. 

And  to  Gov.  Bradstreet,  September  12th : 

"After  twenty  weeks'  unaccountable  imprisonment,  and  many 
barbarous  usages  offered  me,  I  have  now  to  complain,  that  on  Mon- 
day the  whole  day  I  could  be  allowed  no  victuals  till  nine  o'clock  at 
night,  when  the  keeper's  wife  offered  to  kindle  her  own  fire  to  warm 
something  for  me,  and  the  Corporal  expressly  commanded  the  fire 
to  be  put  out." 

On  his  third  visit  to  England,  we  find  him  endeavor- 
ing to  take  advantage  of  complaints  from  the  Province, 
and  supplant  Gov.  Phips,  whom  he  caused  to  be  arrest- 
ed in  England,  and  held  to  bail  in  £20,000. 

In  1706,  Dudley  became  very  unpopular,  having 
negatived  Thomas  Oakes  as  Speaker  of  the  House,  and 
being  accused  of  encouraging  an  illicit  trade  with  the 
French  possessions  in  North  America.  The  famous 

*  Lieut.  Gov.  Danforth  to  I.  Mather. 


203 

Bank  party  were  his  opposers,  and  wished  his  removal. 
He  met  the  Assembly  at  the  election,  May,  1715,  for 
the  last  time,  but  made  no  speech,  as  he  was  usually 
wont.  Hutchinson  says : 

"  No  New  England  man  had  passed  through  more  scenes  of  busy 
life  than  Mr.  Dudley.  He  was  educated  for  the  ministry,  and  if  va- 
rious dignities  had  been  known  in  the  New  England  churches,  pos- 
sibly he  had  lived  and  died  a  clergyman ;  but,  without  this,  nothing 
could  be  more  dissonant  from  his  genius.  He  soon  turned  his 
thoughts  to  civil  affairs.  Ambition  was  the  ruling  passion,  and  per- 
haps, like  Caesar,  he  had  rather  be  the  first  man  in  New  England 
than  second  in  Old.  Few  men  have  been  pursued  by  their  enemies 
with  greater  virulence,  and  few  have  been  supported  by  their  friends 
with  greater  zeal.  We  have  seen  a  second  generation  inherit  the 
spirit  of  their  ancestors,  the  descendants  on  one  side  preserving  an 
affection  for  his  family  and  posterity,  and  on  the  other,  retaining 
equal  disaffection  against  them.  He  applied  himself  with  the  greatest 
diligence  to  the  business  of  his  station.  The  affairs  of  the  war,  and 
other  parts  of  his  administration,  were  conducted  with  good  judg- 
ment. In  economy  he  excelled,  both  in  public  and  private  life.  He 
supported  the  dignity  of  a  Governor  without  the  reproach  of  parsi- 
mony, and  yet,  from  the  moderate  emoluments  of  his  post,  made  an 
addition  to  his  paternal  estate.  The  visible  increase  of  his  sub- 
stance made  some  incredible  reports  of  gross  bribery  and  corrup- 
tion to  be  easily  received ;  but,  in  times  when  party  spirit  prevails, 
what  will  not  a  Governor's  enemies  believe,  however  injurious  and 
absurd  ?" 

"  Some  of  Gov.  Dudley's  descendants,"  says  Farmer,  "claim  their 
descent  from  John  Dudley,  Duke  of  Northumberland,  beheaded  by 
order  of  Queen  Mary,  August  22d,  1653,  aged  51 ;  but  the  evi- 
dence in  Dugdale's  Antiquities  of  Warwickshire,  and  Camden's 
Remains,  is  conclusive  against  such  descent." 

PAUL  DUDLEY,  ESQ,  Roxbury,  was  a  younger  brother 
of  Joseph;  born  at  Roxbury,  Sept.  8th,  1650,  when  the 
venerable  Gov.  Thomas,  his  father,  was  73  years  old. 
He  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Gov.  Leverett,  and  died 
in  1681.  He  was  Register  of  Probate.  Neither  he  nor 
his  brother  preceding  ever  sustained  any  office  in  the 
Ar.  Co.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 


204 

WIALIAM  DAVIS,  Boston ;  youngest  son  of  Capt. 
William,  Ar.  Co.  1643,  and  brother  of  Maj.  Benjamin, 
Ar.  Co.  1673.  Member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

HENRY  POWNING,  Boston  ;  born  1654;  son  of  Henry, 
of  Boston,  freeman  1644. 

JOSHUA  ATWATER.  There  was  a  Joshua  Atwater, 
Assistant,  or  magistrate  of  New  Haven  in  1653,  and  of 
Connecticut  in  1658. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  BARNARD,  Boston  ;  son  of  Mathew,  Ar. 
Co.  1660,  and  born  in  Boston,  Sept.  29th,  1654.  En- 
sign of  the  Ar.  Co.  after  its  revival  in  1696  ;  Lieutenant 
1700.*  He  was  father  of  Rev.  John,  Har.  Col.  1700. 

BENJAMIN  ALLEN,  Charlestown. 

CAPT.  JAMES  HILL,  Boston ;  probably  son  of  John, 
Ar.  Co.  1647.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1685.  A 
member  of  the  Old  South  Church,  and  elected  Deacon 
Nov.  24th,  1693. 

We  here  insert  a  copy  of  a  military  commission,  un- 
der the  old  charter  government : 

"  The  Generall  Court  of  the  Massachusetts  Jurisdiction  in  New 
England. 

'*  To  William  Dixie,  Captaine,  &c.  Whereas  you  are  chosen  and 
allowed  to  be  Captaine  of  the  ffoot  Military  Company  of  Beverly,  in 
the  County  of  Essex,  in  New  England.  These  are  therefore  to  will 
and  require  you  to  take  care  and  charge  of  the  said  Company  as 
their  Captaine,  and  diligently  to  intend  the  service  thereof,  and  ex- 
ercise the  Inferior  officers  an'd  Soldiers  thereof  in  peace  and  warr  for 
the  service  of  this  Commonwealth,  commanding  them  to  Obey  you 
as  their  Captaine  for  the  service  of  this  Commonwealth,  and  you  to 
observe  and  obey  all  such  orders  and  directions  as  from  time  to 
time  you  shall  receive  from  your  Major,  or  other  superior  officer  or 
authority  of  this  Commonwealth.  Dated  in  Boston,  the  10th  day  of 
October,  1677. 

"  By  the  Court.  EDWARD  RAWSON,  Secretary." 

*  There  being  no  regular  military  roster  of  the  Province  preserved,  I  have 
greatly  felt  the  loss  of  such  a  document.  No  doubt  in  this  case,  as  in  many 
others,  higher  offices  were  sustained  by  individuals. 


205 

The  colonists  aimed,  undoubtedly,  at  independence, 
and  were  unwilling  to  admit  the  interference  of  the  King 

t  a  O 

in  their  internal  concerns.  To  show  more  clearly  this 
sentiment  by  the  difference  of  phraseology,  we  give  the 
copy  of  a  commission  from  the  President  and  Council, 
after  the  old  charter  was  vacated : 

"  The  President  and  Council  of  his  Majestie's  Territory  and  Do- 
minion of  New  England,  in  America. 

"To  Jonath.  Danforth,  Gent.  Captain  of  the  Company  of  foot 
trained  Souldgers  in  the  Towne  of  Bellrica  in  ye  County  of  Middlesex. 

"  In  his  Majestie's  name, — You  are  required  to  take  into  your 
care  and  charge  the  said  Company  of  Trained  souldgers,  and  the 
said  Company  to  manage,  command,  and  conduct  in  Peace  and 
Warr  according  to  the  directions  of  Law,  and  usual  methods  of  dis- 
cipline ;  who  are  all  required  to  yield  all  ready  obedience  accord- 
ingly ;  and  you  are  in  all  things  to  attend  such  directions  and  orders 
as  shall  from  time  to  time  be  given  to  you  from  your  Major  Generall, 
or  any  other  your  superior  officer. 

"  By  order  of  the  President  and  Councill. 

"  ED.  RANDOLPH,  Sec'y. 

"  Given  at  the  Councill  house  in  Boston,  July  ye  3d,  1686." 

..'•'.-  4  . 
Artillery  Election  Sermon,   1677,  by  Josiah  Flint, 

Dorchester — Heb.  II.  10th. 

1678. 

NATHANIEL  ELKIN. 

MAJ.  HUMPHREY  LISCOMB,  Boston,  merchant.  Will 
dated  July  16th,  1688.  Inventory  £2704  8  0.  One  of 
the  founders  of  King's  Chapel,  in  1686. 

WILLIAM  WHITE,  Boston,  a  merchant  of  enterprise 
and  wealth,  born  in  1646.  A  founder  of  King's  Chapel. 

COL.  SAMUEL  CHECKLEY,  Boston,  physician  and  sur- 
geon, son  of  Capt.  Anthony,  Ar.  Co.  1662,  and  an  offi- 
cer of  the  militia  in  Boston.  After  the  revolution,  wkich 
overturned  Andross's  government,  he  was  actively  en- 
gaged in  reviving  the  Ar.  Co.,  was  elected  its  Lieuten- 


206 

ant  1694,  Captain  in  1700,  and  must  have  long  continued 
an  active  member.  He  was  Major  of  Boston  regiment 
1702,  in  1706  Lieut.  Colonel,  and  1710  Colonel,  which 
office  he  held  two  years.  When  he  died  I  have  been 
unable  to  ascertain,  except  that  his  will  was  dated  Jan- 
uary, 1711,  and  proved  July  1st,  1712.  I  conclude  he 
died  while  Colonel  of  the  regiment.  A  member  of  the 
Old  South  Church. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  SMITH,  Concord,  probably. 
JOHN  FAY. 

BENJAMIN  THWING,  Boston,  joiner ;  member  of  the 
Old  South  Church  1642;  freeman  1645;  was  a  prin- 
cipal proprietor  of  Watertown,  and  probably  of  Con- 
cord, and  supposing  him  only  21  when  freeman,  he 
would  be  only  54  years  old  when  he  joined.  In  the 
early  settlement  men  possessed  the  vigor  of  youth*  even 
at  an  advanced  age. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1678,  by  Samuel  Nowel — 
Genesis  XIV.  14th.  Printed. 

1679. 

SAMUEL  RAVENS  CROFT,  Boston,  married  Dionysia, 
daughter  of  Maj.  Thomas  Savage,  the  charter  member. 
He  was  a  founder  of  King's  Chapel,  1686. 

COL.  CHARLES  LIDGET,  Boston ;  died  in  London,  in 
1698.  He  appears  to  have  been  in  Boston  during  An- 
dross's  government,  and  is  mentioned  by  Hutchinson. 
He  derived  his  military  title  in  England.  One  of  the 
founders  of  King's  Chapel,  1686. 

COL.  JOSEPH  PARSONS,  Springfield,  1646;  died  Oct. 

9th,  1683. 

« 

*  Gov.  Thomas  Dudley's  son  Joseph,  born  when  he  was  70,  and  his  son  Paul, 
when  73,  at  least ;  and  Savage  chosen  Commander  two  years  after  this,  when 
much  older. 


207 

BENJAMIN  MOUNTFORT,  Boston,  merchant.  Will  dated 
Oct.  21st,  1713,  proved  Sept.  7th,  1714.  He  probably 
lived  at  the  corner  of  Ann  and  Sun-court  streets,  a  place 
long  known  and  called  Mountfort's  corner.  Father  of 
John,  Ar.  Co.  1697. 

MAJ.  THOMAS  SMITH. 

COL.  NATHANIEL  BYFIELD,  Boston,  1674,  lawyer,  son 
of  Rev.  Richard  B.  of  Long  Ditton,  in  Sussex,  and  the 
youngest  of  twenty-one  children,  was  born  in  1653.  He 
came  to  Boston  1674,  was  a  proprietor  and  one  of  the 
settlers  of  Bristol,  in  the  Narragansett  country,  which  he 
represented  in  1693  and  other  years,  and  was  Speaker. 
He  was  repeatedly  elected  into  the  Council.  He  ob- 
tained a  commission,  in  1703,  as  Judge  of  the  Vice 
Admiralty  for  the  Provinces  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  New 
Hampshire  and  Rhode  Island,  which  he  received  in 
April,  1704,  and  continued  in  that  office  until  1715. 
That  year  he  went  to  England,  to  endeavor  to  supplant 
Gov.  Dudley,  but  wanted  interest.  Having  been  re- 
proved by  Dudley,  in  Council,  for  some  alleged  errors 
in  judicial  proceedings,  injuriously,  he  was  ever  after  in 
opposition  to  him,  which  Dudley  revenged  by  negativ- 
ing his  election  as  Councillor.  He  was  a  Judge  of  the 
Common  Pleas  for  Bristol  county  thirty-eight  years; 
appointed  by  Gov.  Belcher,  being  one  of  his  favorites, 
with  E.  Cooke,  jr,  in  1730,  Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas 
in  Suffolk,  in  the  room  of  Col.  Hutchinson  and  Col. 
Dudley,  removed.  In  1729,  he  was  again  appointed 
Judge  of  the  Vice  Admiralty.  He  died  at  Boston,  June 
6th,  1733,  aged  79. 

HON.  DAVID  WATERHOUSE,  ESQ,  Boston.  Watterhouse 
on  the  old  roll.  One  of  the  Council  of  Safety,  1689. 

ROBERT  JONES. 

JOHN  COTTA,  Boston,  tailor.  Will  proved  Jan.  6th, 
1728.  He  was  active  in  the  revival  of  the  Ar.  Co. 


208 

i  '--  / 

1690,  and  held  a  commission  in  the  militia,  but,  as  the 
Council  records  were  burnt  in  1747,  we  are  not  able  to 
say  of  what  grade.  All  military  officers  were  appointed 
under  the  provincial  charter  by  the  Governor  and  Coun- 
cil. His  son  John,  Ar.  Co.  1698. 

SAMUEL  BRIDGE,  Charlestown;  born  1643. 

ENSIGN  OBADIAH  GILL,  Boston,  shipwright.     Inven- 
tory April  1st,  1702. 

MAJOR  SAMUEL  SEWALL,  Boston,  bookseller ;  son  of 
Henry ;  born  at  Bishop-Stoke,  in  England,  28th  March, 
1652 ;  came  to  New  England  in  1661  ;  graduated  at 
Harvard  College  1671  ;  admitted  freeman  1678.  En- 
sign of  the  Ar.  Co.  1683 ;  assisted  in  its  revival  in  1690, 
and  was  Captain  in  1701.  He  was  Captain  of  militia 
in  Boston ;  Major  of  the  regiment,  1675-6.  He  mar- 
ried Hannah,  only  child  of  Capt.  John  Hull,  Mint- 
master,  Ar.  Co.  1660,  by  whom  he  received  £30,000. 
Among  his  children  was  the  Rev.  Joseph,  Pastor  of  the 
Old  South  Church,  whom  he  lived  to  see  settled  there, 
and  who,  by  shedding  tears  profusely  during  his  prayers,, 
gained  the  name  of  "  weeping  apostle ;"  and  another  son, 
Major  Samuel,  Ar.  Co.  1718. 

t  He  was  an  Assistant  under  the  old  charter,  1684-6r 
and  of  the  old  and  new  Council,  1689,  and  1692  to  I725r 
being  the  last  survivor  of  the  first  named  Councillors, 
He  was  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court,  1692  ;  Chief  Jus- 
tice 1718  ;  Judge  of  Probate  for  Suffolk  1715— which 
offices  he  held  to  his  death.  In  1692,  while  Judge,  he 
was  at  first  strongly  inclined  against  the  persons  tried 
for  witchcraft ;  but  he  became  sensible  of  his  error,  and 
at  a  public  fast  gave  in  to  his  minister  (Old  South)  a 
note,  "  acknowledging  his  error  in  the  late  proceedings, 
and  desiring  to  humble  himself  in  the  sight  of  God  and 
his  people."  In  1721,  he  entered  his  dissent  to  a  de- 
claration of  war  against  the  Eastern  Indians.  He  was 


209 

"  a  good  friend  to  the  aboriginals  of  every  tribe,  not 
from  mere  humanity  and  compassion,  but  he  was  much 
inclined  to  think  they  were  part  of  the  ancient  people 
of  God,  and  that  the  ten  tribes,  by  some  means  or  other, 
had  strolled  into  America.  He  was  a  Commissioner  for 
propagating  the  Gospel  among  them,  and  with  his  own 
substance  built  them  a  synagogue,  and  did  many  other 
charitable  acts." 

In  a  letter  to  his  son,  who  enquired  of  his  aged  father 
respecting  their  genealogy,  he  says  : 

"  Mr.  Henry  Sewall,  my  great-grandfather,  was  a  linen  draper  in 
the  city  of  Coventry,  in  Great  Britain.  He  acquired  a  great  estate, 
was  a  prudent  man,  and  Mayor  of  the  city.  Henry  Sewall,  my 
grandfather,  was  his  eldest  son,  who  oute  of  dislike  to  the  English 
hierarchy  sent  over  his  only  son,  my  father,  Mr.  Henry  Sewall, 
to  N.  E.  in  the  year  1634,  with  net  cattel  and  provisions  suitable 
for  a  new  plantation.  On  25th  March,  1646,  Richard  Salton- 
stall  joined  together  in  marriage  my  father  and  my  mother,  Mrs. 
Jane  Dummer,  my  mother  about  19  years  old.  Your  fathers,  where 
are  they  1  In  1674  I  took  my  second  degree,  (at  H.  Coll.)  and  Mrs. 
Hannah  Hull,*  my  dear  wife,  saw  me  when  I  took  my  degrees,  and 
set  her  affections  on  me  :  though  I  knew  nothing  of  it  till  after  our 
marriage,  which  was  February  28th,  1675-6.  Gov.  Bradstreet  mar- 
ried us." 

He  died  at  Boston,  Jan.  30th,  1730,  in  his  78th  year. 
The  Boston  News  Letter  of  Jan.  8th,  1730,  says: 

"  After  a  month's  languishment,  died  at  his  residence  here,  the 
Hon.  Samuel  Sewall,  Esq,  who  has  for  above  forty  years  appeared  a 
great  ornament  of  his  town  and  country.  He  was  early  chosen  a 
tutor  and  fellow  at  Cambridge  College,  after  taking  his  degree,  but 
did  not  long  reside  there,  on  account  of  his  marriage  within  a  year. 
In  the  disorderly  time  of  Sir  E.  Andross's  government,  towards  the 
end  of  1688,  he  went  a  voyage  to  England;  upon  his  landing  there, 
met  the  surprising  news  of  the  happy  revolution,  and  returned  here 
the  following  year." 

"He  was  universally  beloved  among  us  for  his  eminent  piety, 

*  The  rich  heiress-  What  an  excitement  to  the  future  orators,  on  Commence- 
ment day  ! 

97 


210 

*   •  ' 

learning,  and  wisdom,  his  grave  and  venerable  aspect  and  carriage, 
his  instructive,  affable  and  cheerful  conversation, — his  strict  integrity 
and  regard  of  justice," — which,  with  many  other  excellences,  ren- 
dered him  "  worthy  of  a  distinguishing  regard  in  the  New  England 
histories." 

"  He  lived  happily  with  the  wife  of  his  youth  about  forty-three 
years,  who  died  Oct.  19th,  1717.  He  afterwards-  married  Mrs.  Abi- 
gail Tilley,  and  Mrs.  Mary  Gibbs,  who  is  now  a  mourning  widow. 
He  had  issue  only  by  the  first, — seven  sons  and  seven  daughters.  His 
understanding  continued  with  him  to  his  last  hours.  He  died  in 
peace,  and  yesterday  was  honorably  interred." 

JAMES  TOWNSEND,  Boston,  housewright,  (his  inven- 
tory, 1707-8,  says  trader,)  brother  of  Col.  Penn,  born 
1646. 

WILLIAM  SUMNER,  Dorchester  ;  freeman  1637;  Rep- 
resentative 1658,  and  twelve  other  years.  He  had  sev- 
eral sons.  Gov.  Increase  Sumner,  of  Roxbury,  was  a 
descendant,  and  his  son,  Gen.  Wm.  H.  Sumner,  Ar.  Co. 
1819;  also,  Thomas  W.  Sumner,  Esq,  Ar.  Co.  1792. 

COL.  JOHN  FOSTER,  Boston,  merchant;  freeman 
1682  ;  derived  his  military  title  in  England.  He  came 
from  Ailsbury,  in  England,  shortly  before  he  joined  the 
Ar.  Co.,  and  had  a  great  share  in  the  management  of 
affairs  from  1689  to  1692.  He  was  one  of  Dudley's 
Council,  the  Council  of  Safety,  and  the  first  Council 
under  the  new  charter,  in  which  office  he  continued  to 
his  death,  Feb.  9th,  1710-11.  Hutchinson  says  he  was 
•'  a  wealthy  merchant,  and  of  a  most  fair  and  unblem- 
ished character." 

HON.  EDWARD  BROMFIELD,  ESQ,  Boston,  merchant; 
father  of  Edward,  Ar.  Co.  1707,  and  grandfather  of 
Edward,  Ar.  Co.  1732.  He  was  twice  married.  One 
of  his  Majesty's  Council,  a  gentleman  of  great  integrity 
and  singular  piety.  Bromfield  lane  (street)  derives  its 
name  from  him.  He  died  June  2d,  1734,  aged  86. 
His  tomb  is  in  the  Chapel  ground.  A  member  of  the 
Old  South  Church.  The  New  England  Journal  says: 


211 

"  He  was  born  at  Hayward  House,  the  seat  of  the  family,  near 
New  Forest,  in  Hampshire,  in  England,  on  Jan.  10th,  1648-9, — and 
baptized  in  the  neighboring  church,  at  Chancroft,  on  Jan.  16th  fol- 
lowing ; — served  his  apprenticeship  at  London ;  soon  after,  took  a 
trading  voyage  to  Jamaica,  and  afterwards  toN.  E.,  whither  he  cam« 
in  1675 ;  and  finding  this  then  very  religious  country  agreeable  to 
his  pious  genius,  soon  chose  it  for  his  own,  and  to  live  and  die 
among  us,  and  in  the  trade  of  merchandize. 

"  He  served  this  town  in  many  offices.  Even  in  the  time  of  our 
old  charter,  he  was  one  of  the  commissioners  of  the  peace  and  trial 
of  civil  actions  under  <£10.  In  May,  1703,  chosen  into  the  Council, 
and  from  that  time  annually  elected  till  1723,  when  being  in  the  80th 
year  of  his  age,  his  growing  infirmities  released  him  from  public 
business.  He  joined  the  church  of  the  Rev.  and  famous  Mr.  Doolittle, 
about  the  17th  year  of  his  age  ; — entered  into  a  special  acquaintance 
with  the  renowned  Mr.  Baxter,  and  other  eminent  confessors  of 
Christ, — closely  attended  their  ministry  with  great  delight  through 
all  the  difficulties  of  the  then  reigning  persecution. 
»  "  Not  long  after  his  coming  over,  he  joined  himself  to  the  (Old) 
South  Church  in  this  town,  and  has  been  therein  a  distinguished 
ornament.  His  heart  was  especially  set  for  the  propagation  of  the 
Gospel  in  ignorant  places,  supporting  ministers  of  low  salaries,  main- 
taining charity  schools  for  children,  and  helping  poor  and  hopeful 
scholars  to  academical  learning. 

"  He  turned  the  pasture  behind  his  house  into  a  very  sliady  grove  ; 
and  in  the  midst  he  built  an  Oratory,  where,  even  in  his  most  flour- 
ishing circumstances  and  height  of  business,  he  would  several  times 
a  day  retire,  that  he  might  turn  his  eyes  from  beholding  vanity.  His 
temper  was  very  active,  cheerful,  open-hearted,  free  and  liberal.  He 
made  every  one  always  easy  about  him,  unless  he  had  to  do  with  bold 
transgressors,  and  then  he  rather  wished  their  reformation  than  their 
punishment.  In  the  education  of  his  children  he  was  exceeding 
careful." 

COL.  FRANCIS  FOXCRAFT,  Boston  and  Cambridge ; 
father  of  Rev.  Thomas,  of  Boston.  I  suppose  him  to 
be  the  Col.  Foxcraft  who  commanded  a  regiment  raised 
against  the  Indians.  He  died  at  Cambridge,  December 
31st,  1727. 

WILLIAM  POLLARD,  Boston,  ordinary  keeper;  father 
of  Capt.  Jonathan,  Ar.  Co.  1700,  and  grandfather  of 


212 

Col.  Benjamin,  Ar.  Co.  1726.    He  died  1690.    A  mem- 
ber of  the  Old  South  Church. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1679,  by  Edw.  Bulkley, 
Concord— -1st  Peter,  II.  llth. 

1680. 
ABEL  PORTER,  Boston  in  1643. 

COL.  JOHN  PHILLIPS,  Charlestown  ;  freeman  1673  ; 
Representative  from  C.  1683  to  '6  ;  one  of  the  Council 
of  Safety,  1689,  and  Assistant  the  same  year,  and  one  of 
the  first  Council  under  the  new  charter  till  1716.  He 
was  Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas,  then  styled  the  Su- 
perior Court,  the  Supreme  being  the  Superior  Court, 
for  Middlesex,  and  Treasurer  of  the  Province.  In  1695 
he  was  a  Commissioner  to  settle  a  treaty  with  the  Eastern 
Indians,  when  he  had  the  title  of  Colonel.  I  suppose 
he  was  Colonel  of  the  first  Middlesex  Regiment.  Lieu- 
tenant of  the  Ar.  Co.  1684,  and  Captain  in  1685 ;  and 
before  his  year  of  command  had  expired,  the  meetings 
of  the  Company  were  suspended  upon  Andross's  arrival. 
The  Company  held  their  April  field-day,  and  elected  a 
clergyman  to  preach  their  anniversary  sermon  in  June, 
1686,  but  did  not  parade  on  that  day,  or  elect  any  offi- 
cers. It  appears  he  did  not  reassemble  the  Company 
after  Andross  was  deposed,  or  resume  his  command  on 
its  revival.  Why  he  neglected,  or  refused,  we  are  not 
now  able  to  conjecture.  It  does  not  appear  he  continu- 
ed a  member  after  its  revival.  He  died  March  20th, 
1725,  aged  94. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  OLIVER,  Boston,  cooper ;  was  the  son 
of  John  Oliver,  the  charter  member,  and  born  April 
15th,  1644.  He  had  six  sons  and  four  daughters.* 

STEPHEN  BURTON. 

*  There  was  a  John  OliTer,  merchant,  whose  estate  was  administered  July  21st, 
1684,  bat  this,  I  think,  could  not  mean  this  person. 


213 

LIEUT.  ENOCH  GREENLEAF,  Boston,  sadler. 

JOHN  PELL,  Boston.  I  suppose  him  to  be  a  son  of 
William,  one  of  the  disarmed,  and  a  tallow  chandler. 

JOSEPH  GREENLEAF,  Boston ;  brother  of  Enoch,  pre- 
ceding. 

COL.  GILES  DYER,  Boston,  merchant.  Will  dated 
March  3d,  1713;  administration  account  December 
15th,  1726.* 

WILLIAM  TOWEN.  I  think  this  should  be  Towne,  and 
was  of  Cambridge ;  probably  ancestor  of  Gen.  Towne, 
of  Charlton,  Mass.  • 

ROBERT  MASON,  Portsmouth,  N.  H.  He  was  de- 
clared a  proprietor  of  N.  H.  by  Charles  II.  in  1677, 
and  by  mandamus  in  1680.  He  was  a  Councillor  in 
1782,  while  he  resided  in  Portsmouth.  He  was  named 
one  of  Sir  E.  Andross's  Council,  but  died  in  1686. 

JAMES  HAWKINS,  Boston. 

CAPT.  JOHN  NELSON,  Boston,  merchant ;  a  gallant 
young  officer,  headed  the  soldiers,  and  made  the  second 
demand  for  Andross  to  surrender.  He  entered  the  fort, 
although  much  exposed  from  within  and  the  battery  and 
shipping  below.  Sir  Edmund  surrendered  to  him,  and 
was  conducted  under  guard  to  Col.  J.  Usher's  house. 
"He  was  of  a  good  family,  nearly  related  to  Sir  Thomas 
Temple, — an  enemy  to  tyrannical  government,  but  an 
Episcopalian  in  principle  ;  of  a  gay,  free  temper,  which 
prevented  his  being  allowed  any  share  in  the  adminis- 
tration, after  it  was  settled,  although  he  was  at  the  head 
of  the  party  to  whom  the  fort  and  Sir  Edmund  surren- 
dered." He  was,  however,  selected  as  one  of  the  Coun- 
cil of  Safety.  In  the  new  Council  he  was  omitted. 
"  Notwithstanding  the  slight  put  upon  him,  yet  such  was 

*  The  Probate  Records  are  often  extremely  puzzling.  I  suppose,  from  the  de- 
tached fragments  of  settlement  of  estates,  that  the  Registers  recorded  as  little  as 
they  could.  - 


214 

the  regard  for  his  country,  that  he  ran  very  great  risk 
of  his  life  in  an  attempt  to  give  intelligence  of  the  de- 
signs of  the  French.  He  went,  not  -long  after,  (the 
surrender,)  upon  a  trading  voyage  to  Nova  Scotia, 
where  he  was  taken  by  a  party  of  French  and  Indians, 
and  carried  to  Quebec."  It  was  here  in  confinement 
he  contrived  to  send  a  letter  of  information  to  the  Court 
at  Boston,  which  Hutchinson  gives  at  length  from  their 
files,  developing  the  hostile  plans  of  the  French  in  Au- 
gust, 1692.  He  had  received  a  commission  from  the 
Provincial  Government  of  Massachusetts,  in  1691,  to  be 
Commander-in-Chief  in  -Acadia,  when  bound  on  this 
voyage ;  but  when  he  came  near  the  River  St.  John's  he 
was  taken  prisoner.  He  was  afterwards  carried  pris- 
oner from  Quebec  to  France,  where  he  was  confined  in 
the  Bastile.  The  influence  of  Sir  Purbeck  Temple,  his 
relative,  procured  his  liberation,  after  long  confinement, 
and  he  was  restored  to  his  family,  after  an  absence  of 
ten  or  eleven  years. 

Our  puritanical  ancestors  had  very  little  charity  for 
their  Christian  brethren  who  differed  in  matters  of  con- 
science or  church  discipline.  It  was  hard  for  them  to 
admit  any  one  who  differed  from  them  to  a  participa- 
tion of  even  the  ordinary  privileges  of  free  citizens.  It 
was  matter  of  great  complaint,  that  not  more  than  two 
or  three  who  favored  Episcopalian  worship,  were  admit- 
ted to  any  share  in  the  administration  of  affairs,  after 
the  new  charter.  This  resembled  their  previous  con- 
duct to  the  Baptists  and  Quakers. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1680,-  by  William  Adams, 
Dedham— Mark  XIV.  50th. 

1681. 

JOHN  PORDAGE. 
THOMAS  BEAVIS,  Boston  ;   administration  1683. 


215 

SAMUEL  BREIGHTON,  Boston,  cooper ;  administration 
Oct.  21st,  1692. 

CAPT.  RICHARD  SPRAGUE,  Charlestown  ;  son  of  Capt. 
Richard,  Ar.  Co.  1638,  and  often  a  Representative.  In 
1703,  he  bequeathed  to  Har.  Col.  £400  in  money. 

LIEUT.  NATHANIEL  REYNOLDS  ;  son  of  Nathaniel,  Ar. 
Co.  1658. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  LYNDE,  Charlestown ;  son  of  Thomas; 
born  at  Charlestown,  June  3d,  1636;  freeman  1671. 
Represented  Charlestown  1674,  &c.  and  one  of  the 
Council  of  Safety,  and  the  first  Council  under  the  new 
charter,  1692,  which  office  he  held  many  years.  He 
was  active  in  the  revival  of  the  Company,  1 690,  and 
their  Lieutenant  in  1692.  He  died  at  Charlestown, 
Jan.  29th,  1727,  aged  90.  He  must  have  been  46 
years  old  when  he  joined.  He  was  a  gentleman  es- 
teemed for  his  integrity. 

CAPT.  SOLOMON  PHIPS,  Charlestown. 

MAJ.  JOHN  CUTLER,  Charlestown,  physician ;  Rep- 
resentative in  1680  and  1682;  father  of  Rev.  Dr.  Tim- 
othy, of  Boston.  A  John  Cutler,  probably  father  of 
Maj.  John,  died  in  Boston,  September,  1671,  aged  86  ; 
and  Farmer  gives  the  death  of  a  John,  August  17th, 
1765,  aged  82. 

THADDEUS  MACCARTY,  Roxbury,  shopkeeper.    Grave 
stone  in  the  Granary  ground  says,  died  June  18th,  1705, 
aged  65.     An  older  stone,  adjacent,  with  same  name, 
says,  aged  34 — probably  his  son.     Rev.  Thaddeus,  of 
Kingston  and  Worcester,  was  probably  a  descendant. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  BARNARD,  Boston ;  born  April  4th, 
1 657  ;  son  of  Mathew,  Ar.  Co.  1 660.  He  died  aged  59. 

CAPT.  JOHN  BROOKHAVEN  ;  Captain  in  Rhode  Island, 
1669 ;  spelt  Brookheven  on  the  old  roll. 


216 

SAMUEL  WORDEN. 

CAPT.  JOHN  LONG,  Boston,  member  of  the  Old  South 
Church. 

CAPT.  JONATHAN  FARNAM,  Boston,  born  1638. 
THOMAS  BRINLEY,  Boston,  a  founder  of  King's  Chapel. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1681,  by  John  Richard- 
son, Newbury — Luke  III.  14th. 

1682. 

CAPT.  HENRY  DEERING,  Boston,  shopkeeper,  suc- 
ceeded Barnes  as  Clerk  of  the  Ar.  Co.,  its  Ensign  1693, 
Lieutenant  1696.  He  was  engaged  in  the  revival, 
1690.  He  died  1717.  Hutchinson,  speaking  of  the 
great  mortality  among  old  people,  says  he  was  buried, 
with  his  wife  in  the  same  grave,  over  70  years  of  age. 

COL.  JOHN  BALLENTINE,  Boston,  son  of  William,  born 
in  Boston,  1653;  Representative  from  Boston  in  1726 ; 
a  subaltern  in  the  militia  about  the  time  he  joined  the 
Ar.  Co. ;  was  soon  promoted  Captain ;  Major  of  Boston 
regiment;  Lieut.  Colonel  1710;  Colonel  1712.  After 
serving  as  Orderly,  he  was -elected  Ensign  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1694,  Lieutenant  1697,  and  twice  Captain,  1703, 
1710.  He  was  active  in  promoting  its  revival,  and 
from  his  so  frequently  being  bondsman,  continued  a 
member  to  his  death,  which  happened  April  27th,  1734, 
in  his  81st  year.  He  was  frequently  Moderator  of  Bos- 
ton Town  Meetings,  and  held  various  town  offices.  His 
son,  Capt.  John,  was  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1694.  His  inventory 
was,  real  estate,  £6725 ;  personal,  £533  12  5.  His 
mansion  house  was  near  the  Mill  Bridge. 

EDWARD  SMITH. 

HON.  JOHN  EYRE,  ESQ,  Boston,  merchant,  son  of 
Simon,  of  Watertown,  was  born  in  Boston,  Feb.  19th, 
1654.  He  was  one  of  the  ten  persons,  all  members  of 


217 

the  Ar.  Co.  together  with  Bradstreet,  the  former  Gov- 
ernor, Stoughton  and  one  other,  thirteen  in  all,  who 
signed  the  first  summons  sent  to  Andross  to  surrender, 
when  he  retired,  with  his  counsel  and  friends,  to  the  fort 
on  Fort  Hill,  for  safety.  Eyre  and  Nathaniel  Oliver 
were  the  bearers  of  that  summons,  which  he  did  not 
obey,  but  on  the  second  demand,  by  Capt.  Nelson, 
yielded  himself  a  prisoner.  He  was  chosen  one  of  the 
Council  of  Safety,  in  1689,  and  Representative  from 
Boston  in  1693,  '6,  '8,  '9.  He  lived  in  Prison  lane, 
formerly  called  Queen,  now  Court  street.  He  died  June 
17th,  1700.  Inventory  £6078  18  0.  "This  family," 
says  Farmer,  "is  of  ancient  descent,  and  may  possibly 
centre  in  Simon  Eyre,  Mayor  of  London  in  1445,  who 
was  son  of  John,  of  Brandon,  in  Suffolk. 

DANIEL  TAYLOR. 
MICHAEL  WILLIAMS. 

GILES  SYLVESTER. 

o  otjj£$*0  '-MI  ,tiHj  lonmvoiJ  md~ 

THOMAS  COLE. 

CAPT.  JOHN  JACOBS,  Hingham. 

EBENEZER  SAVAGE,  Boston,  upholsterer,  thirteenth 
child  and  ninth  son  of  Maj.  T.  Savage,  the  charter 
member,  born  at  Boston,  May  22d,  1660. 

BENJAMIN  SAVAGE,  Boston,  fifteenth  child  and  eleventh 
son  of  Maj.  T.  Savage,  born  at  Boston,  Oct.  1662. 

EBENEZER  PIERPONT,  Roxbury,  died  Dec.  17th,  1696. 

* 

LIEUT.  THOMAS  BAKER,  Boston,  born  1653. 
LIEUT.  JONATHAN  CALL,  Charlestown ;  Representa- 
tive 1689. 

EDWARD  HUNLOCK. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1682,  by  Samuel  Whit- 
ing, Jr.  Billerica— Psalms  XVIII.  39th. 


218 

• 

In  1683,  it  does  not  appear  that  any  members  were 
admitted. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1683,  by  John  Hale,  Bev- 
erly— Judges  III.  1st  and  2d. 

1684. 

LIEUT.  THOMAS  OAKES,  Boston,  physician,  son  of 
Edward,  of  Cambridge,  and  brother  of  President  Urian ; 
was  born  at  Cambridge,  June  18th,  1644;  graduated  at 
Harv.  College,  1662.  He  was  an  officer  of  the  militia. 
In  1689,  Representative  from  Boston,  and  Speaker. 
Soon  afterwards  he  went  to  England  as  an  agent  for 
Massachusetts,  in  procuring  the  new  charter.  He  was 
Assistant  in  1690,  while  absent.  He  sided  with  Cooke, 
Sen'r,  to  obtain  a  restitution  of  the  old  charter,  which 
was  fruitless ;  or  for  reassuming  it,  and  differed  from 
I.  Mather,  but  finally  joined  with  him  in  a  petition 
for  a  new  charter.  In  1 703,  being  again  chosen  Speaker, 
the  Governor  put  his  negative  on  the  choice ;  but  he 
continued,  notwithstanding,  to  hold  that  office.  He 
was  also  the  same  year  chosen  into  the  Council,  but  the 
Governor  (Dudley)  negatived  him  there  also.  Probably 
he  had  incurred  Dudley's  enmity  in  England.  Oakes 
seems  to  have  long  been  the  leader  of  the  opposition, 
and  not  a  very  comfortable  antagonist.  He  was  Repre- 
sentative again  for  Boston  several  years.  In  1705  he 
was  again  chosen  Speaker,  and  negatived  by  Dudley, 
who  ordered  them  to  proceed  to  the  choice  of  another 
person,  but  the  House  refused.  "As  often  as  he  was 
elected  into  the  Council  he  was  negatived ;  Dudley  had 
determined  to  keep  him  as  far  off  as  he  could,  being 
always  a  thorn  in  his  side.  He  died  at  Welfleet,  (Cape 
Cod,)  July  15th,  1719,  aged  75.* 

*Dunton  has  some  account  of  his  character.  See  Mass.  His.  Col.  Vol.  II.  and 
Snow's  Hist.  Boston,  p.  178.  "  I  was  so  happy  as  to  find  particular  friends  in 
Boston,  whose  characters  I  shall  next  give  you,  and  I'll  begin  with  Dr.  Oakes. 


219 

WILLIAM  ROBIE,  Boston,  wharfinger.  Administra- 
tion Feb.  3d,  1717. 

ROGER  KILCUP,  Boston,  master  mariner.  In  his  will 
he  styles  himself  merchant.  His  grave-stone,  in  the 
Granary  ground,  says,  "  Died  Oct.  1st,  1702,  aged  52. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1684,  by  Samuel  Cheever, 
Marblehead— Heb.  II.  10th. 

1685. 

THOMAS  CLARKE;  probably  a  grandson  of  Major 
Thomas,  Ar.  Co.  1638. 

THOMAS  MALLARD. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  HUNT,  Boston,  anchor-smith  ;  a  mili- 
tia officer,  and  zealously  engaged  in  the  revival  of  the 
Ar.  Co.;  elected  its  Ensign  1695;  Lieutenant  1698. 
Administration  on  his  estate  1709.  A  member  of  the 
Old  South  Church. 

SAMUEL  WAKEFIELD,  Boston ;  son  of  Samuel,  Ar. 
Co.  1676. 

ENSIGN  SAMUEL  MARSHALL,  Boston,  cooper ;  en- 
gaged in  the  revival  of  the  Company ;  its  Ensign  in 
1698.  His  will  is  dated  Oct.  25th,  1739  ;  proved  Feb. 
22d,  1742. 

NATHANIEL  CRYNES.  I  believe  this  surname  is  wrong 
on  the  old  transcribed  roll,  and  that  it  means  Keene,  or 
Keayne,  son  of  Christopher,  of  Cambridge,  a  member  of 
the  church  there,  who  died  as  early  as  1 658. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  BUCKLEY,  Boston,  merchant. 

He  is  an  eminent  physician,  and  a  religious  man  ;  at  his  first  coming  to  a  patient 
he  persuades  him  to  put  his  trust  in  God,  the  fountain  of  health  ;  the  want  of  this 
hath  caused  the  bad  success  of  most  physicians  ;  for  they  that  won't  acknowledge 
God  in  all  their  applications,  God  won't  acknowledge  them  in  that  success  which 
they  might  otherwise  expect.  He  was  a  great  dissenter  whilst  he  lived  in  London, 
and  even  in  New  England  retains  the  piety  of  the  first  planters." 


220 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1685,  by  Joshua  Moodey, 
Boston— Prov.  XVI.  32d. 

1686. 

STEPHEN  MASON.  I  can  find  no  trace  of  such  a  per- 
son, unless  he  was  one  of  the  first  Council  under  the 
new  charter.  Hutchinson  says  he  was  "  a  merchant  in 
London,  a  zealous  man  in  the  cause  of  New  England." 
I  suppose,  therefore,  he  might,  in  the  way  of  business, 
have  been  in  Boston  this  year,  and  joined  the  Company, 
and  having  a  full  knowledge  of  the  state  of  affairs  here, 
returned  and  advocated  the  interest  of  the  colony. 

FRANCIS  BURROUGHS,  Boston,  bookseller.  Dunton 
says,  "  he  heaped  more  civilities  on  me  than  I  can 
reckon  up."  His  will  was  proved  Dec.  llth,  1713.  A 
member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

DUNCAN  CAMPBELL,  Boston,  bookseller.  Dunton  calls 
him  the  "  Scotch  bookseller — very  industrious,  dresses 
all-a-mode,  and  1  am  told  a  young  lady  of  great  fortune 
is  fallen  in  love  with  him."  Administration  July  31st, 
1702 — wherein  he  is  styled  merchant.  His  estate  was 
insolvent,  paying  only  eight  shillings  in  the  pound. 

The  following  statement  exhibits  the  succession  of 
Major  Generals,  called  Sergeant  Major  General,  from 
the  first  appointment  of  such  an  officer  to  the  arrival  of 
Andross,  1686 : 

John  Humfrey,      appointed  1641  John  Leverett,        elected  1663 

Thomas  Dudley,       elected  1644  Richard  Bellingham,  "      1664 

John  Endicott,              "       1645  Humphrey  Atherton,   "      1665 

Edward  Gibbons,      W  •      1649  John  Leverett,   re-elected  1666 

Robert  Sedgwick,         "       1652  Edward  Tyfig,       elected  1671 

Daniel  Dennison,          «'       1653  Daniel  Gookin,           "       1681 

The  Sergeant-majors  of  Boston  Regiment,  from  the 
origin  of  the  office,  1644,  to  its  abolition,  April,  1689, 
under  the  new  charter,  were  : 


221 

Edward  Gibbons,  elected  1644  Thomas  Clarke,  elected  1673 
Humphrey  Atherton,  "  1649  John  Richards,  "  1683 
Eleazer  Lusher,  "  1665  Elisha  Hutchinson,  "  1689 

In  1680,  the  Suffolk,  Middlesex  and  Essex  Regiments 
were  divided  into  two. 

There  was  no  Artillery  Sermon  in  1686,  nor  any 
preached  again  till  1691.  There  was  no  General  Court 
during  Andross's  government,  and  therefore  no  Court 
Sermon  for  1687  and  1688. 

Sir  Edmund  Andross,  who  arrived  1674,  at  New  York,  with  a 
commission  as  Governor  of  that  Colony — which  he  had  obtained 
through  the  Duke  of  York,  afterwards  King  James  II,  and  to  whom 
he  was  subservient  in  all  things — was  appointed  Governor  of  New 
England  in  1686,  and  arrived  in  Boston  Dec.  19th.  A  commission 
had  been  given  to  Dudley,  with  a  Council  of  twenty-eight,  but  was 
of  short  duration.  In  1688,  Andross's  commission  was  enlarged  by 
the  addition  of  New  York.  He  entered  upon  the  discharge  of  the 
duties  of  his  office  with  a  strong  prejudice  against  the  people  of  Mas- 
sachusetts, and  exhibited  his  arbitrary  temper  by  removing  from 
office  the  magistrates  under  the  old  charter,  and  overturning  most  of 
the  institutions  of  the  first  settlers  of  New  England.  The  last  re- 
cords of  the  State,  under  the  old  charter,  appear  to  be  May  12th, 
1686.  Such  was  the  baseness  of  his  government,  that  the  people 
were  universally  dissatisfied,  and  despised  him  and  his  confidential 
associates.  So  sensible  was  he  of  this,  that,  by  some  means  at  this 
day  unknown,  he,  or  his  Secretary  Randolph,  destroyed  or  stole  all 
the  records  of  his  administration,  and  there  is  now  no  trace  of  them, 
or  even  a  single  paper  relative  thereto,  left  in  the  office  of  the 
Secretary. 

The  Company  must  have  held  meetings  in  the  beginning  of  the 
year  1686,  as  several  members  appear  to  have  been  admitted ;  but 
they  did  not  celebrate  their  anniversary  in  June,  by  electing  new 
officers ;  probably  by  the  order  of  Andross,  or  his  associates  in  the 
government,  the  meetings  were  suppressed  before  that  day  had  ar- 
rived, and  during  his  administration,  and  no  members  were  admitted 
until  its  revival,  1690. 

The  expectation  of  a  revolution  in  England,  in  favor  of  William 
and  Mary,  was  the  only  solace  of  the  people.  Their  dearest  rights 
and  interest  were  invaded,  their  religion  threatened,  their  titles  to 
real  estate  questioned;  and  even  the  solemn  rites  of  marriage  in- 


222 

fringed.  From  the  friends  of  William  and  Mary,  who  were  the 
friends  of  the  Colony,  they  expected  better  things.  They  anticipated 
so  much  that,  upon  the  first  rumor  that  the  Prince  of  Orange  had 
prevailed  in  England,  all  was  commotion;  the  people  assembled 
simultaneously  from  every  part  of  Boston  by  the  sound  of  a  trumpet, 
and  the  sympathy  of  the  country  adjacent  was  seen  in  an  universal 
rush  towards  Boston.  The  old  magistrates,  to  prevent  excesses  and 
preserve  some  degree  of  order  amidst  the  fermentation,  headed  the 
people,  and  cautiously  took  measures  to  assume  the  government 
until  they  should  hear  from  England. 

As  soon  as  the  transports  of  the  populace  had  subsided,  the  old 
magistrates  proceeded  to  administer  the  affairs  of  government  and 
provide  for  the  common  safety.  A  Council  of  Safety  was  organized. 
The  new  charter  granted  by  William  and  Mary  did  not  arrive  until 
May  14th,  1691,  and  the  government  was  not  regularly  organized 
under  it  until  June  8th,  1692.  Although  this  charter  differed  in  many 
respects  from  the  old,  yet  the  remembrance  of  their  sufferings  under 
the  arbitrary  government  of  Andross,  and  the  popularity  of  those 
chosen  to  administer  the  new,  made  the  people  content  under  it,  and 
they  became  more  and  more  attached  to  it,  until  the  conduct  of  the 
mother  courilry  produced  the  glorious  revolution.  The  tenacious 
affection  for  the  old  forms,  and  the  universal  distress  occasioned  by 
the  depreciated  currency,  and  wild  schemes  relative  to  banks,  cre- 
ated parties,  and  kept  up  excitement ;  but  the  Province  flourished, 
notwithstanding  numerous  Indian  and  foreign  wars. 

The  earliest  attention  of  the  new  government  was  drawn  toward 
the  organization  of  the  militia;  for,  on  the  20th  April,  1689,  they 
appointed  Hon.  Wait  Winthrop  Major  General  of  the  Province,  and 
S.  Shrimpton  Colonel  of  the  Boston  Regiment.  The  titles  of  Ser- 
geant Major  General  and  Sergeant-major  were  abolished. 

No  regular  field-day  of  the  Company  was  held  until  the  first  Mon- 
day of  April,  1691,  when  (the  old  officers  having  died  or  left  the 
Company,)  CoL  Elisha  Hutchinson  was  chosen  to  command  until 
the  succeeding  anniversary.  A  Lieutenant,  Ensign  and  Sergeants 
were  also  chosen^  and  Dr.  Cotton  Mather  to  preach  the  next  Election 
Sermon.  From  this  time  to  the  commencement  of  our  Revolution- 
ary war,  the  Ar.  Co.  held  their  meetings,  and  performed  field  duty 
with  great  regularity,  except  the  autumn  of  1721,  when  the  meet- 
ings were  omitted,  "  in  consequence  of  the  General  Assembly  at 
their  last  session  having  forbid  all  training  and  trooping  in  Boston, 
by  reason  of  the  vast  number  of  people  exercised  with  the  small- 
pox." The  exertions  to  revive  the  Company  were  attended  with 
great  success,  and  the  admission  of  many  whose  public  characters 


223 

and  services  served  to  add  lustre  to  the  distinguished  reputation  it 
had  before  sustained. 

1691. 

LIEUT.  SAMUEL  LYNDE,  Boston ;  son  of  Simon,  Ar. 
Co.  1658. 

ROBERT  COMBY. 
LIEUT.  THOMAS  WILLIS. 

TIMOTHY  WADSWORTH,  Boston,  gun-smith ;  probably 
a  son  of  Capt.  Samuel,  who  was  killed  by  the  Indians 
at  Sudbury,  April  1 8th,  1 676,  and  consequently  a  brother 
of  Rev.  Benja.  Wadsworth,  President  of  Har.  College. 

LIEUT.  THOMAS  GUSHING,  Boston ;  Ensign  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1709;  Representative  from  Boston  1724  to 
1734.  A  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  HILL,  Boston,  varnisher ;  died  1727, 
aged  80. 

TIMOTHY  PRATT. 
JOHN  CLOUGH,  Boston. 

WILLIAM  PAYNE,  Boston,  merchant.  He  was  brother- 
in-law  of  the  celebrated  Elisha  Cooke,  jr ;  and,  being 
attached  to  his  party,  upon  their  removing  John  White 
from  the  office  of  Clerk  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
for  party  reasons,  in  1721,  was  elected  to  that  station. 
He  was  Representative  from  Boston  in  1715,  '16.  He 
was  a  donor  to  Harvard  College,  where  he  graduated, 
1689.  Paine  on  the  catalogue. 

JOHN  ADAMS,  Boston,  maltster ;  son  of  Samuel  A.  of 
Braintree.  Administration  Feb.  16th,  1702.  Member 
of  the  Old  South  Church. 

LIEUT.  DANIEL  POWNING,  Boston,  shop-keeper ;  Dea- 
con of  the  New  South  Church  ;  died  in  1735. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  GIBBINS,  Boston,  shop-keeper.    Ad- 


224 

ministration  August  16th,  1711.  A  will  was  afterwards 
found.  He  was  father  to  John,  Ar.  Co.  1711,  and  al- 
though there  is  some  slight  variation  in  the  surname, 
undoubtedly  a  descendant  of  Maj.  Gen.  Gibbons,  a 
charter  member. 

JAMES  CORNISH. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  KILRY,  Boston ;  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1705.  Member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

ENSIGN  TIMOTHY  THORNTON,  Boston ;  Representa- 
tive 1693,  '4,  '5. 

SAMUEL  MARION,  Boston,  tailor.  Will  dated  April 
18th,  1726;  proved  August  13th,  1726. 

JOHN  MARION,  JR,  Boston,  eordwainer ;  brother  of 
the  preceding.  Deacon  of  the  first  Church.  Adminis- 
tration Jan.  15th,  1727-8. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  DYAR,  Boston,  iron-monger;  eldest  son 
of  John.  - 

BENJAMIN  DYAR,  Boston,  shop-keeper ;  brother  of  the 
preceding.  Will  proved  March  9th,  1718. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1691,  by  Cotton  Mather, 
Boston — Isaiah  II.  4th.  Printed. 

1692. 

MAJ.  GEN.  WAIT  WINTHROP,  Boston,  physician ;  son 
of  Gov.  John,  of  Connecticut,  grandson  of  Gov.  John, 
of  Massachusetts  ;  born  in  Boston,  Feb.  27th,  1641-2. 
His  name  in  the  family  genealogy,  or  baptismal  name, 
was  fVailstill,  which  he  varied  for  some  unknown  reason. 
He  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Hon.  William  Brown r 
of  Salem,  the  Assistant.  His  great  grandson,  by  his 
youngest  grandson,  John  Still,  Thomas  L.  Lieut.  Gov. 
of  Massachusetts,  died  in  1841. 

He  was  one  of  the  Council  appointed  by  King  James 
II.  1685,  to  advise  Sir  E.  Andross;  Chief  Justice  of  the 


225 

Superior  Court  of  Massachusetts ;  Judge  of  Admiralty 
for  N.  York,  Massachusetts,  Connecticut,  Rhode  Island, 
and  N.  Hampshire  ;  one  of  the  Council  of  Safety,  1689, 
by  the  title  of  "  A  Council  for  the  safety  of  the  people, 
and  conservation  of  the  peace."  In  1689  he  was  an 
Assistant,  and  in  1692  one  of  the  first  Council  under 
the  new  charter,  and  continued  to  be  annually  elected 
until  his  death.  The  title  of  Major  is  given  him  while 
in  Connecticut — probably  he  was  an  officer  in  their 
militia.  April  20th,  1689,  he  was  appointed  sole  Major 
General  of  Massachusetts,  which  office  he  also  held  to 
his  decease.  Hutchinson  says  :x  "Mr.  Winthrop  was 
a  good  sort  of  a  man,  and  although  he  was  of  a  genius 
rather  inferior  to  either  of  his  ancestors,  yet  he  was 
popular,  and  the  party  against  Mr.  (Joseph)  Dudley 
wished  to  have  him  Governor.  Winthrop  was  a  plain, 
honest  man."  He  was  one  of  the  old  Council,  who  had 
drawn  up  and  sent  to  England  a  narrative  of  the  pro- 
ceedings of  Sir  Edmund,  and  was  chosen  agent,  in  the 
room  of  Sir  H.  Ashurst,  for  the  colony,  and  was  ready  to 
embark  when  the  news  of  Gov.  Dudley's  appointment 
arrived,  and  prevented  his  voyage. 

Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  the  year  he  joined,  which  is 
the  second  instance  known,  and  the  first  duly  authen- 
ticated. By  profession  he  was  a  physician,  and  as  such 
was  celebrated  for  his  skill ;  he  practised  extensively, 
but  gratis,  finding  his  own  medicines.  Savage's  list  of 
Assistants,  Addenda  of  Winthrop,  says,  he  died  Nov. 
7th,  1717,  aged  75.  Farmer  says,  he  died  Sept.  7th, 
and  with  this  most  .other  accounts  I  have  seen  agree. 
His  tomb-stone,  the  same  with  his  grandfather,  says 
aged  76,  in  the  Chapel  ground.  In  his  inventory  is 
contained,  his  coach,  two  horses  and  harness,  £30 ; 
silver  plate,  £115  10  ;  farm  at  Billerica,  £200  ;  half  an 
acre  of  land  in  Boston,  £100;  Elizabeth  Islands, 
£2000  ;  stock  "  in  slaves  and  salt-works,"  (carried  out 


226 

nothing,) — whole  amount  of  inventory,  £3027  188.    A 
member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

JOSEPH  BELKNAP,  Ju,  Boston,  leather  dresser  ;  son  of 
Joseph,  Ar.  Co.  1658.  Will  dated  Dec.  22d,  1715; 
proved  June  13th,  1716.  He  held  a  militia  commission. 
A  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

GIBSON  FAWER.  This  name  may  be  an  abbreviation 
of  Fairweather ; — there  was  a  Capt.  Fairweather,  noted 
in  the  wars  with  the  Eastern  Indians,  soon  after. 

WILLIAM  KEINE,  Boston ;   possibly  a  descendant  of 
.  Capt.  Robert  Keayne,  founder  of  the  Ar.  Co. 

DAVID  NORTON. 

SAMUEL  LILLEY,  Boston.  This  was  probably  the  son 
of  the  person  about  whose  burial  Deacon  Frary  made 
such  a  fuss, — see  Frary,  Ar.  Co.  1666, — and  whose 
mother  married  Edward  Bromfield,  Ar.  Co.  1679. 

CAPT.  ADAM  WINTHROP,  Boston,  merchant;  in  the 

former  edition  Col. ,  son  of  Adam  Winthrop,  Ar. 

Co.  1642,  and  grandson  of  Gov.  John.  He  graduated 
at  Har.  Col.  1668.  Captain  of  militia.  There  were 
three  companies  of  militia  in  Boston,  April,  1689, 
which  assembled  on  the  revolution  of  Andross's  govern- 
ment ;  Winthrop  commanded  one,  Shrimpton  and  Nich- 
olas Paige  the  other  two.*  He  was  Representative  of 
Boston  1689, 1691,  '2;  Councillor  under  the  new  char- 
ter, 1692,  and  continued  to  be  elected  to  his  death,  Au- 
gust 30th,  1700,  aged  52.  He  lies  buried  in  the  family 
tomb,  in  the  Chapel  ground.  He  was  also  a  Judge  of 
the  Superior  Court,  1692. 

JOSEPH  WINTHROP,  Boston ;  son  of  General  Wait 
Winthrop. 

*  There  were  but  four  companies  of  militia  in  Boston  ns  late  as  the  Revolution- 
ary War. 


227 

HON.  ADDINGTON  DAVENPORT,  ESQ,  Boston ;  gradu- 
ated at  Har.  Col.  1689;  Representative  1711,  '12,  '13. 
In  1714»he  was  appointed  one  of  the  Trustees  of  "  Bills 
of  Credit,"  and  in  1715,  one  of  the  Commissioners  for 
keeping  the  great  seal,  public  records  and  files.  He 
was  appointed  a  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  in  1715, 
.  in  which  office  he  continued  to  1735.  He  died  the 
next  year,  aged  66. 

JOHN  WINSLOW,  Boston,  merchant;  son  or  grandson 
of  Gov.  Edward ;  born  in  1 665.  He  brought  the  Prince 
of  Orange's  declaration  to  New  England,  from  Nevis, 
in  Feb.  1689,  for  which  he*was  imprisoned  by  Sir  E. 
Andross,  although  he  offered  £2000  security.  I  sup- 
pose him  to  be  one  of  the  four  purchasers  of  the  tract  of 
land  on  Kennebec  river,  called  the  Plymouth  Company. 
(See  Brattle  and  Tyng.)  A  member  of  the  Old  South 
Church. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  KEECH,  Boston,  merchant.  Inventory 
Feb.  1st,  1696. 

LIEUT.  EDMUND  BROWNE. 

ROBERT  GIBBS,  Boston ;  member  of  the  Old  South 
Church,  and  son  of  Capt.  Benjamin,  Ar.  Co.  1666. 

EJMSIGN  JOHN  MORE,  Boston. 

JOSEPH  BRISCOE,  Boston ;  member  of  the  Old  South. 

JAMES  THORNBURY. 

HEZEKIAH  HENCHMAN,  Boston,  bookseller;  son  of 
Capt.  Daniel,  Ar.  Co.  1675, 

THOMAS  JACKSON. 

JOHN  BORLAND,  Boston,  merchant.  He  was  the 
"  noted  merchant,"  who  was  supposed  to  be  principally 
concerned,  with  Gov.  Dudley's  connivance,  in  1706,  in 
trading  with  the  French,  then  at  war,  at  Nova  Scotia 
and  Canada,  and  with  others  was  brought  to  trial  before 


228 

the  whole  Court,  found  guilty,  and  sentenced  to  a  fine 
of  £1 000,  and  three  months'  imprisonment.  The  Court 
finally  punished  him  the  most  severe  of  any  concerned, 
by  a  fine  of  £1 1 00.  This  proceeding  was  not  approved 
of  by  the  Queen,  and  the  fines  were  ordered  to  be  re- 
funded. A  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

CAPT.  NATHANIEL  HALL. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,   1692,  by  John  Bailey, 
Watertown. 

1693. 

f  .  • 

MOSES  DRAPER,  Boston,  merchant.  Inventory  March 
29th,  1715. 

SAMUEL  WENTWORTH,  Boston ;  member  of  the  Old 
South  Church. 

COL.  THOMAS  SAVAGE,  JR,  Boston,  merchant ;  son  of 
Lieut.  Col.  Thomas,  Ar.  Co.  1665 ;  born  at  Boston, 
August  2d,  1668;  was  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1701  ; 
Lieutenant  1703  ;  Captain  1705.  His  inventory,  April 
15th,  1721,  contains  the  following,  viz:  Brick  house 
and  land  in  Dock  square,  £1400 ;  brick  house  in  Union 
street,  £500  ;  wooden  house,  £730  ;  other  lands,  &c. — 
total  real  estate,  £2830 ;  real  and  personal,  £3899.  A 
member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

COL.  NICHOLAS  PAIGE,  Chelsea,  then  called  Rumney 
Marsh ;  merchant ;  came  from  Plymouth,  in  England. 
He  married  Ann  Cole,  grand-daughter  and  heiress  of 
Capt.  Robert  Keayne,  for  his  first  wife.  In  1659-60, 
the  General  Court  had  "  granted  500  acres  of  land  to 
Ann  Cole,  grand-daughter  of  Robert  Keayne,  in  conse- 
quence of  his  liberal  donations  to  the  country.'7  Keayne's 
estate  was  not  finally  settled  until  after  this  marriage. 
They  joined  in  a  will,  proved  Jan.  3d,  1717.  She  died 
before  him,  and  he  then  married  Gov.  Dudley's  sister. 


229 

He  was  witness  to  certain  articles  of  peace  with  the 
Narragansetts,  dated  July  15th,  1675,  when  he  probably 
held  the  office  of  Ensign  in  the  expedition.  He  was 
Captain  of  one  of  the  three  companies  of  militia  in  Bos- 
ton, which  rallied  immediately  on  the  attempt  to  over- 
throw Andross's  government,  April,  1689.  He  was 
elected  Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1695.  When  he  obtain- 
ed the  title  of  Colonel  I  cannot  say. 

LIEUT.  NATHANIEL  HOLMES,  Boston,  joiner. 

ENSIGN  SAMUEL  PHILLIPS,  Boston,  bookseller.  In 
his  will,  proved  Oct.  31st,  1J20,  he  is  styled  merchant. 
Gillman  Phillips,  Ar.  Co.  1714,  was  his  son.  He  had 
also  a  son  Henry.  His  daughter  Hannah  married  Ha- 
bijah  Savage,  Ar.  Co.  1699,  and  daughter  Faith  mar- 
ried Arthur  Savage,  Ar.  Co.  1738.  A  member  of  the 
Old  South  Church.* 

JAMES  FOWLES.     Fowley  in  the  former  edition. 

JOHN  COMBS  ;  supposed  to  be  John  Conney,  Boston, 
tailor.  Will  proved  Jan.  23d,  1709.  There  was  a  John 
Coombe,  member  of  Old  South  Church,  Boston. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1693,  by  John  Danforth, 
Dorchester. 

1694.    a"i:' 

THOMAS  PHILLIPS,  Boston,  shopkeeper.  Will  dated 
August  16th,  proved  Sept.  9th,  1734. 

JOSEPJS  ALLEN. 

COL.  THOMAS  HUTCHINSON,  Boston,  merchant ;  son 
of  Col.  Elisha,  Ar.  Co.  1670;  born  Jan.  30th,  1674,  at 
Boston,  and  father  of  Gov.  Thomas,  the  historian  of 

*  Dunton  calls  him  his  old  correspondent,  and  says:  "  He  treated  me  with  a 
noble  dinner,  and  (if  I  may  trust  my  eyes)  is  blessed  with  a  pretty,  obliging  wife; 
I'll  say  that  for  Sam,  (after  dealing  with  him  for  some  hundred  pounds,)  he  is 
very  just,  and  (as  an  effect  of  that,)  very  thriving.  I  shall  add  to  his  character, 
that  he  is  young  and  witty,  and  the  most  beautiful  man  in  the  town  of  Boston." 


230 

Massachusetts.  An  officer  of  the  militia  in  Boston,  and 
rose  to  command  that  regiment.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1699;  Lieutenant  1 70 1  ;  Captain  twice,  1704  and  1718, 
and  was  a  valuable  member  for  many  years. 

He  was  Representative  from  Boston,  1708  to  1714, 
then  chosen  into  the  Council,  and  continued  annually 
elected,  except  two  years,  until  his  death,  Dec.  3d,  1739, 
aged  65.  He  lived  in  the  mansion  house  afterwards 
occupied  by  his  son  while  Governor,  and  recently  occu- 
pied by  William  Little,  Esq,  in  North  square.  "  Re- 
gardless of  the  frowns  of  a  Governor,  or  the  threats  of 
the  people,  he  spoke  and  voted  according  to  his  judg- 
ment, attaching  himself  to  no  party  further  than  he 
found  their  measures  tended  to  promote  the  public  in- 
terest." He  was  violently  opposed  to  the  emission  of 
paper  money,  in  1713  and  1714.  "  He  was  an  enemy, 
all  his  life,  to  a  depreciating  currency,  upon  a  principle 
very  ancient,  but  too  seldom  practiced  upon,  nil  utile 
quod  non  honestum."  At  length,  after  a  long  struggle, 
the  party  for  a  public  bank  prevailed  in  the  General 
Court  for  a  loan  of  £50,000,  in  bills  of  credit,  which 
were  put  into  the  hands  of  five  trustees,  and  lent  for 
five  years  only,  to  any  of  the  inhabitants,  at  five  per 
cent,  interest,  one  fifth  part  of  the  principal  to  be  paid 
annually."  He  and  his  brother,  Edward,  were  appointed 
two  of  these  trustees ;  but  their  efforts  were  unavailing 
to  keep  up  their  value,  and  from  this  time  may  be  dated 
the  origin  of  the  distresses  of  the  country  on  account 
of  depreciation  and  scarcity  of  money  and  old  tenor 
troubles.  He  arrested  the  famous  pirate,  Capt.  Kidd, 
afterwards  executed  in  Boston,  1699,  when  he  drew  his 
sword  upon  the  officer. 

He  gave  £300  to  Harvard  College,  and  died  pos- 
sessed of  a  large  property.  In  his  inventory  are  men- 
tioned his  coach  and  horses,  which  none  in  those  days 
possessed  except  gentlemen  of  great  property.  He  lived 


231 

to  participate  in  the  first  centennial  celebration  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  anniversary.  He  never  received  a  liberal  edu- 
cation. 

CAPT.  JOHN  BALLENTINE,  JR,  Boston,  merchant;  son 
of  Col.  J.  B.  Ar.  Co.  1682 ;  born  1675.*  An  officer  of 
militia  in  Boston;  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1706;  Lieu- 
tenant 1708.  He  graduated  at  Harv.  College  1694-5, 
the  same  year  he  joined  the  Ar.  Co.  Inventory  May 
9th,  1735.  Real  estate,  £6550.  Personal,  £533  11  5. 
"Thursday,  Jan.  2d,  1735,  died  here,  (Boston,)  John 
Ballentine,  Esq,  one  of  His  Majesty's  Justices  of  the 
Peace,  Clerk  of  the  Superior  Court  of  Common  Pleas, 
and  Register  of  Deeds  for  the  County  of  Suffolk ;  all 
which  posts  he  discharged  with  great  prudence  and 
fidelity,!  and  was  a  gentleman  beloved  and  esteemed 
among  us." 

JEREMIAH  ALLEN,  Boston,  probably  a  brother  of  Jo- 
seph, preceding.  He  was  Province  Treasurer. 

LIEUT.  COL.  ADAM  WINTHROP,  JR,  Boston,  great- 
grandson  of  the  first  Governor  of  Massachusetts ;  Rep- 
resentative from  Boston  1714  and  1715,  and  elected  a 
Councillor;  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1702,  Lieutenant 
1704,  Captain  1706.  He  was  also  an  officer  of  the 
Boston  militia,  and  Major  of  the  regiment  1706 ;  Lieut. 
Colonel  1709,  but  never  Colonel,  as  we  can  now  ascer- 
tain. He  graduated  at  Harv.  College,  1694.  He  died 
Oct.  2d,  1743.  Inventory  £715  6  1.  His  son  Adam's 
will  1744.  Inventory  £801  0  6. 

JOHN  SAVAGE,  Boston,  the  fourteenth  child  and  tenth 
son  ef  Maj.  Thomas,  the  charter  member;  born  1661 ; 
graduated  at  Harvard  College,  1794.- 

*  This  would  make  him  but  19  years  of  age  when  be  joined  the  Ar.  Co. 

tSee  New  England  Journal,  of  Jan.  6th,  1735.  There  is  much  confusion  of 
dates  here,  but  may  be  easily  explained  by  old  style  and  new  style.  It  also  speaks 
of  the  Superior  Court  of  Common  Pleas. 


CAPT.  EDWARD  BRATTLE,  Boston,  son  of  Capt. 
Thomas,  Ar.  Co.  1675. 

JOHN  DAVENPORT,  Boston;  freeman  1669;  son  of 
Rev.  John. 

CAPT.  HOPESTILL  FOSTER,  Boston,  shopkeeper,  some 
say  housewright ;  son  of  Hopestill,  Ar.  Co.  1673;  grand- 
son of  Hopestill,  Ar.  Co.  1642;  died  Sept.  23d,  1735. 
He  had  a  son,  Hopestill,  Boston,  bookseller. 

THOMAS  BAKER,  Lynn. 
SAMUEL  CLOUGH. 

ROBERT  GUTTRIDGE,  Boston,  probably  a  son  of  Johnr 
Ar.  Co.  1640.  He  was  a  witness  in  1724. 

JOSEPH  BILLINGS. 

NICHOLAS  BUTTOLPH,  Boston,  bookbinder.  An  officer 
of  militia,  and  father  of  John,  Ar.  Co.  1718.  He  died 
Jan.  29th,  1736-7,  aged  51,  and  his  tomb  is  No.  60,  in 
the  Granary  ground.  Buttolph  street  derives  its  name 
from  his  family. 

RICHARD  GREEN. 

GEORGE  ROBINSON,  Boston,  carver. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1694,  by  Moses  Fiske, 
Braintree — Ephes.  VI.  14th.  Manuscript  in  the  Mass. 
Hist.  Library. 

1695. 

DAVID  DURE,  Boston. 

SAMUEL  SHRIMPTON,  JR,  Boston,  merchant,  son  of 
Col.  Samuel,  Ar.  Co.  1670.  Died  about  May,  1703. 

ANTHONY  CHECKLEY,  JR,  Boston,  son  of  Capt* An- 
thony, Ar.  Co.  1662,  and  brother  of  Col.  Samuel,  Ar. 
Co.  1678. 

CAPT.  RICHARD  GRIDLEY,  Boston,  currier,  grandson 
of  Capt.  Richard,  Ar.  Co.  1658,  and  probably  father  of 


233  .  , 

Col.  Jeremy  Gridley,  Attorney  General.    Member  of 
the  Old  South  Church. 

JOHN  BUCHANNAN,  Boston,  baker.  Administration  on 
his  estate  Feb.  28th,  1731. 

WILLIAM  CLOUGH,  Boston,  blacksmith.  Administra- 
tion March  18th,  1733. 

WILLIAM  SUTTON. 
AMBROSE  HUNNEWELL 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1695,  by  Peter  Thacher, 
Milton.  Printed. 

1696. 

WILLIAM  CROW,  Boston. 
SETH  SMITH. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1696,  by  Michael  Wig- 
glesworth,  Maiden. 

1697. 

CAPT.  ZECHARIAH  TUTTLE,  generally  spelt  Zachery 
Tuthill,  and  so  in  his  will,  dated  January  3d,  proved 
Feb.  5th,  1721.  He  was  of  Boston,  a  militia  officer; 
Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1700;  Lieutenant  1702. 

JOHN  MOUNTFORT,  Boston,  cooper,  son  of  Benjamin, 
Ar.  Co.  1679.  Died  January,  1723. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1697,  by  Nehemiah  Wal- 
ter, Roxbury. 

1698. 

JOHN  COTTA,  JR,  Boston,  hatter,  son  of  John,  Ar.  Co. 
1679.  In  the  administration  of  his  estate,  June  17th, 
1728,  he  is  styled  felt-maker. 

ENSIGN  BENJAMIN  EMMONS,  JR,  Boston,  trader.    En- 

30 

" 


234 

sign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1721.     Will  proved  August  17th, 
1752.     A  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

DAVID  BUCKLEY. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  NOTES,  Boston,  Esquire,  son  of  John, 
Ar.  Co.  1676.  Administration  Aug.  15th,  1749.  En- 
sign of  the  Ar.  Co.  1704. 

The  first  regular  record,  original,  remaining  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  is  dated  April  4th,  1698,  all  previous  being  lost, 
and  is  the  election  of  Rev.  Joseph  Belcher,  of  Dedham, 
to  preach  the  sermon.  The  records  from  that  time  are 
preserved. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1698,  by  Joseph  Belcher, 
Dedham— 1st  Cor.  IX.  26  and  27.  Printed. 

1699. 

RICHARD  PROCTOR,  Boston,  shopkeeper  ;  died  about 
February,  1719. 

WILLIAM  CLARKE,  Boston,  merchant ;  erroneously 
Blake  in  the  former  edition.  Representative  from  Bos- 
ton 1719,  five  years.  In  1731  there  was  some  difficulty 
about  appointing  the  annual  day  for  Fast,  between  the 
Governor  and  Council  on  one  side,  and  the  House  on  the 
other.  Clarke,  being  a  Representative,  carried  his  oppo- 
sition so  far  that  he  "  would  not  attend  public  worship, 
but  opened  his  warehouse,  as  upon  other  days."  He  was 
elected  into  the  Council  in  1722;  but  he  had  adhered 
so  closely  to  Mr.  Cooke's  party,  and  had  been  so  vio- 
lently opposed  to  the  Governor,  that  he  negatived  him  ; 
"  but  did  not  serve  his  own  interest,  Mr.  Clarke's  op- 
position being  of  greater  consequence  in  the  House." 
I  suppose  he  was  a  son  of  Capt.  Thomas,  Ar.  Co.  1644. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  KEELING,  Boston,  merchant.    He  was 


235 

a  partner  in  business  with  Charles  Chauncey,  admitted 
the  same  year.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1710  ;  Cap- 
tain 1716.  Administration  was  granted  to  his  widow, 
Jan.  26th,  1729.  The  inventory  only  amounted  to 
£206  3  0. 

LIEUT.  COL.  HABIJAH  SAVAGE,  Boston,  merchant. 
He  was  fourth  son  of  Lieut.  Col.  Thomas,  Ar.  Co. 
1665.  He  graduated  at  Har.  Col.  1695.  He  was  an 
officer  of  the  militia  in  Boston,  Major  of  the  Boston 
Regiment  1717,  and  Lieut.  Colonel  1727,  but  never 
Colonel,  as  ascertained.  He  was  first  Orderly  of  the 
Ar.  Co.,  then  Lieutenant,  1709,  and  Captain  1711, 
1721  and  1727,  and  continued  a  useful  member  to  his 
decease.  After  he  commanded  the  last  time,  being  a 
field  officer  of  the  Boston  Regiment,  and  in  the  ranks 
of  the  Company,  April  7th,  1729,  none  of  the  commis- 
sioned officers  present  to  lead,  he  was  by  hand  vote  se- 
lected to  lead  them  on  that  day.  He  did  not  do,  as  is 
often  the  case  in  modern  times,  as  soon  as  he  had  had 
the  honor  of  commanding,  begin  to  neglect  appearing 
in  the  ranks.  He  was  Representative  from  Boston  in 
1717  and  '18.  He  died  Sept.  16th,  1746,  aged  72.  A 
member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

CHARLES  CHAUNCEY,  Boston,  merchant ;  father  of 
President  Chauncey.  He  was  an  officer  of  the  Boston 
militia.  Administration  March  26th,  1712.  A  member 
of  the  Old  South. 

EDWARD  PROCTER,  Boston,  tailor ;  grandfather  of 
Col.  Edward,  Ar.  Co.  1756.  Will  proved  November 
26th,  1751. 

HENRY  BRIDGHAM,  Boston,  tanner ;  grandson  of  Capt. 
Henry,  Ar.  Co.  1644,  and  son  of  Joseph,  Ar.  Co.  1674  ; 
an  officer  of  the  Boston  militia ;  member  of  the  Old 
South. 


236 

JOHN  EDWARDS,  Boston,  gold-smith.  His  will  was 
dated  1743  ;  proved  April  22d,  1746.  His  son  Joseph, 
Ar.  Co.  1738.  &i 

SAMUEL  GASKILL,  JR. 

JOHN  ADAMS,  Boston,  shipwright ;  son  of  Alexander, 
Ar.  Co.  1652.  A  member  of  the  Old  South  Church, 
and  died  about  May,  1732. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  WHARTON. 

HON.  ELISHA  COOKE,  JR,  ESQ,  Boston,  lawyer ; 
grandson  of  Lieut.  Richard,  Ar.  Co.  1643,  and  son  of 
Elisha,  of  historic  fame.  He  was  grandson  of  Gov. 
Leverett,  by  the  mother's  side ;  was  born  in  Boston, 
Dec.  20th,  1678 ;  graduated  at  Har.  Col.  1697.  An 
officer  of  the  Boston  militia ;  he  held  numerous  civil 
offices,  and  his  fame  as  an  orator  and  politician  was  so 
great,  that  his  military  title  is  lost  sight  of.  Represent- 
ative from  Boston  1715,  eighteen  years  ;  he  died  while 
in  that  office.  He  pursued  such  measures  as  rendered 
him  obnoxious  to  the  prerogative  party.  He  was  ex- 
tremely popular  in  Boston,  and  principal  leader  of  the 
opposition  party  in  the  House,  the  other  Boston  mem- 
bers and  a  majority  of  the  country  members  adhering 
to  him  through  several  administrations.  His  eloquence 
swayed  the  public  mind,  and  he  continued  in  constant 
favor  with  the  people  until  near  his  decease.  His  ora- 
tory is  spoken  of  as  animating,  energetic,  concise,  per- 
suasive, and  pure. 

His  opposition  might  have  been  caught  from  his 
father,  who  was  of  the  violent  party,  adhering  to  the  old 
and  opposing  the  new  charter.  Mr.  Cooke,  jr,  was  of 
the  Land  Bank  party  in  1714,  a  disastrous  speculation ; 
but  he  sided  with  the  prominent  men  of  the  day.  He 
"  had  the  character  of  a  fair  and  open  enemy,  was  free 
in  expressing  his  sentiments,  and  the  Governor  was 
informed  of  some  contemptuous  language  in  private 


237 

company,  with  which  he  was  so  much  offended,  as  to 
procure  Mr.  Cooke's  removal  from  the  place  of  Clerk 
of  the  Superior  Court."  A  dispute  arising  respecting 
the  conduct  of  his  Majesty's  Surveyor  of  the  woods  in 
Maine,  Cooke  immediately  embarked  in  the  contro- 
versy, and,  with  horse  and  foot,  ever  after  was  the  great 
partizan  warrior  of  the  opposition.  This  accounts  for 
his  rejection  as  Speaker,  in  1720,  and  from  the  Council, 
1718. 

He  was  chosen  by  joint  ballot  of  the  House  and 
Council,  agent  of  the  Province  to  England,  and  sailed 
Jan.  18th,  1723.  He  had  been  a  violent  opposer  of 
Gov.  Shute,  and,  meeting  him  in  England,  refused  to 
be  reconciled  to  him.  He  continued  in  England  two 
years,  but  his  mission  was  unsuccessful.  May,  1726, 
he  was  chosen  into  the  Council,  and  Lieut.  Gov.  Dum- 
mer  did  not  negative  him.  This  may  be  considered  as 
a  mark  of  approbation  for  his  conduct  in  England  ;  his 
salary  while  absent  was  small,  but  he  "  acquiesced 
therein,  for  the  sake  of  peace."  s  In  1731,  he  seemed 
to  favor  the  idea  of  a  fixed  salary  for  the  Governor,  and 
his  popularity  began  to  decline,  so  that  in  1633  or  4,  he 
obtained  a  small  majority,  after  repeated  trials,  to  be 
Representative.  The  usual  votes  cast  in  those  days  even 
of  excitement,  rarely  exceeded  six  hundred.  Hutchin- 
son  says  of  him,  "  that  he  differed  from  most  who,  from 
time  to  time,  have  been  recorded  in  history  for  popular 
men.  Generally,  to  preserve  the  favor  of  the  people, 
they  must  change  with  the  popular  air.  He  had  the  art 
of  keeping  the  people  steady  in  the  applause  of  his 
measures.  To  be  careful  never  to  depart  from  the  ap- 
pearance of  maintaining  or  enlarging  rights,  liberties 
and  privileges,  was  all  he  found  necessary." 

When  Gov.  Burnet  arrived,  he  lodged  at  Mr.  Cooke's 
house,  while  the  Province  House  was  repairing.  He 
had  become  acquainted  with  him  in  England,  and  there 


238 

was  apparent  friendship,  but  it  did  not  last  long.  The 
shopkeepers  and  tradesmen  (mechanics)  directed  the 
councils  of  the  town,  and  were  Cooke's  supporters,  and 
the  Governor  had  been  somewhat  free  in  his  jokes  upon 
them ;  this  Cooke  knew  how  to  take  advantage  of  in 
1728.  In  1730,  Gov.  Belcher,  to  whom  he  had  been  a 
favorite,  appointed  him  Chief  Justice  of  the  Common 
Pleas  in  Suffolk.  He  died  in  August,  1737,  aged  59. 
Inventory,  real  estate,  £31,172  ;  total,  real  and  person- 
al, £32,515  7  3 — in  paper  currency  probably  ;  among 
other  things  is  437  ounces  of  silver  plate,  prized  at 
£590  15,  and  his  library  £81.  He  owned  lands  at  the 
Eastward,  of  nominal  value.  He  never  sustained  any 
office  in  the  Ar.  Co. 

THOMAS  SANDFORD. 

CAPT.  OLIVER  NOYES,  Boston,  physician ;  son  of  En- 
sign John,  Ar.  Co.  1676  ;  graduated  at  Har.  Col.  1695 ; 
Representative  from  Boston  1714,  &c. ;  and  died  in  that 
office,  while  the  General  Court  was  sitting.  He  was  of 
the  Land  Bank  party,  with  Elisha  Cooke,  jr,  in  all  his 
political  career.  Hutchinson  says,  "he  was  strongly 
'attached  to  the  popular  party,  and  highly  esteemed  by 
them  ;  was  of  a  very  humane,  obliging  disposition,  and 
in  private  life  no  man  was  more  free  from  indelicacies." 
He  was  one  of  the  original  projectors  of  Long  wharf, 
and  the  erection  of  that  noble  pier  may  justly  be  attrib- 
uted to  his  enterprising  spirit.  The  work  was  com- 
menced soon  after  the  great  fire  in  October,  1711,  called 
by  Snow  the  fourth  great  fire  in  Boston,  which  com- 
menced in  Capt.  Ephraim  Savage's  house,  in  Williams 
court,  and  swept  off  both  sides  of  old  Cornhill,  part  of 
(Queen)  Court  and  State  (King)  streets,  to  the  dock, 
together  with  the  Town  and  State  House,  and  the  first 
Church  (old  Brick,)  now  "Joy's  buildings."  The  rub- 
bish of  this  fire  was  chiefly  used  in  filling  up  Long  wharf. 


239 

He  must  have  entered  into  public  life,  and  enterprise, 
to  improve  his  native  town,  early  in  life  ;  and  from  the 
magnitude  of  his  undertakings,  resembled  the  great  au- 
thor of  India  and  Central  wharves,  Broad,  India,  Mar- 
ket, now  new  Cornhill,  Brattle  streets,  and  the  Mill- 
dam,  solid  causeway—  Uriah  Getting, 

Capt.  Noyes  was  an  officer  of  the  Boston  militia,  and 
in  1708  an  Ensign.  He  died  March  16th,  1721,  leav- 
ing a  widow.  His  inventory,  real  and  personal,  with- 
out lands  at  the  Eastward,  or  in  other  counties,  £17,193 
125;  debts,  £3663  1  2,  returned  Dec.  30th,  1723,  be- 
fore the  paper  currency  began  to  depreciate,  and  there- 
fore shows  a  large  fortune.  A  member  of  Old  South 
Church. 

^      H 

JOSEPH  RUSSELL.  If  a  son  of  William,  of  Cambridge, 
he  was  born  in  England.  Church  member. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1 699,  by  Samuel  Willard, 
Boston— 1st  Kings,  IX.  22d.  Printed. 

1700.    V>< 
DAVID  JESSE,  Boston,  goldsmith,  died  before  1706. 

CAPT.  JOHN  GERRISH,  Boston,  grandson  of  William, 
the  Captain  of  the  first  Train-band,  of  Newbury.  His 
-grave-stone,  in  the  Chapel  ground,  is  not  legible,  ex- 
cept the  name. 

EDMUND  KNIGHT. 
HENRY  JONES. 

COL.  THOMAS  FITCH,  Boston,  merchant ;  Captain  of 
militia,  1700;  Major  of  Boston  regiment,  1712;  Lieut. 
Colonel  and  Colonel,  1717;  when  he  resigned  is  not 
known.  Treasurer  of  the  Ar.  Co.  also  Lieutenant 
1705;  Captain  1708,  1720  and  1725;  Representative 
and  Councillor. 

He  was  long  a  very  useful  member  of  the  Ar.  Co 


A  member  of  the  Old  South  Church.  His  will,  proved 
June  30th,  1736,  "  bequeaths  £300  to  Harvard  College, 
for  the  education  of  scholars  of  good  capacities  for  the 
work  of  the  ministry."  His  inventory  amounted  to 
£2040  15  3,  which  may  not  be  valued  in  depreciated 
currency.  The  expenses  of  his  funeral  were  enormous, 
being  £162.  He  was  buried  in  his  tomb,  No.  19, 
Chapel  ground,  now  the  property  of  the  Peirce  family, 
who  descended  from  him  in  the  female  line. 

COL.  EDWARD  WINSLOW,  Boston,  goldsmith,  proba- 
bly the  son  of  Edward,  of  Boston,  mariner.  He  was  a 
Captain  of  militia ;  Major  of  Boston  regiment,  April, 
1729;  Colonel,  1733;  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1711 ; 
Captain,  1714  and  1729.  A  member  of  the  Old  South 
Church,  and  undoubtedly  connected  with  the  Winslows 
of  Plymouth  Colony.  Col.  Winslow  was  born  1669, 
and  died  1753,  aged  83.  He  was  the  first  Sheriff  of 
Suffolk,  of  whom  we  have  any  knowledge.  The  office 
of  Sheriff  was  unknown  in  Massachusetts  until  1692, 
and  was  appointed  by  the  King  till  the  Revolution. 

CAPT.  JONATHAN  POLLARD,  Boston.  Will,  proved 
August  9th,  1725,  speaks  of  his  house  in  Brattle  street. 
Inventory  £2,000. 

WIGGLESWORTH  SwEETsm,  Boston,  tailor,  in  King 
street.  Administration,  1745. 

WATERHOUSE  FERNLY. 

PETER  WYER. 

SILENCE  ALLEN,  Boston,  cordwainer. 

CAPT.  PENN  TOWNSEND,  JR,  Boston,  son  of  Col.  Penn, 
Ar.  Co.  1674.  Captain  in  the  militia.  He  graduated 
at  Harvard  College,  1693. 

EDWARD  OAKES,  Boston,  shopkeeper. 
LIEUT.  BENJAMIN  GUSHING. 


241 

The  Records  mention  a  revision  of  the  By-Laws,  by 
the  Company,  Boston,  Sept.  2d,  1700.  By  them  the 
Company  were  governed  many  years,  with  trifling  alter- 
ations. Most  of  the  orders  made,  1 657,  were  preserved, 
and  those  introduced  as  new,  are  as  follows : — 

"Imprimis.  That  the  successors  of  Robert  Keayne,  Nathaniel 
Duncan,  merchants ;  Robert  Sedgwick,  gentleman ;  and  William 
Spencer,  merchant,  and  such  as  are  by  them  admitted  into  the  Ar- 
tillery Company,  are  declared  and  allowed  to  be  the  present  mem- 
bers of  said  Company ;  and  such  as  from  time  to  time  they  shall 
admit,  shall  enjoy  the  privileges  and  grants  that  have  been,  or  that 
may  be,  given  and  allowed  to  them;  and  as  they  have  been,  so  shall 
continue  to  be  called,  the  Military  Company  of  the  Massachusetts. 

"  12th.  That  hereafter  the  training  days  shall  be  annually,  the 
election  day,  being  the  first  Monday  in  June, — the  first  Monday  in 
September,  the  afternoon  of  the  first  Monday  in  October,  the  after- 
noon of  the  first  Monday  in  April,  and  the  whole  day  on  the  first 
Monday  in  May. 

"  13th.  That  the  drummers  beat  in  season,  each  training  day,  and 
be  at  the  place  of  parade,  the  whole  days  at  eight  of  the  clock  in 
the  morning,  and  on  the  half  days  at  one,  on  the  penalty  of  two 
shillings  and  six  pence  fine,  to  be  paid  to  the  Clerk,  for  the  use  of 
the  Company ;  and  the  Sergeants  to  appear  at  the  place  of  parade, 
before  nine  of  the  clock  on  the  whole  days,  and  by  two  on  the  half 
days,  on  the  penalty  of  one  shilling,  to  be  paid  as  aforesaid ;  and 
every  soldier  that  appears  not  at  the  place  of  parade,  ready  to  be 
drawn  up  by  nine  in  the  morning  on  the  whole  days,  and  by  two  on 
the  half  days,  shall  pay  six  pence,  unless  his  excuse  be  allowed  by 
the  Company. 

"  14th.  That  every  soldier  belonging  to  the  Company,  not  under 
obligations  to  any  of  the  companies  of  militia  in  Boston,  shall,  for 
every  day  he  omits  or  neglects  to  appear  in  arms  in  said  Company, 
pay  one  shilling,  fine ;  and  the  officers  of  the  other  companies  in 
Boston,  that  do  or  may  belong  to  this  Company,  shall  be  liable  to 
the  like  fine. 

"  15th.  It  is  further  agreed,  not  only  by  former  grants,  but  with 
the  consent  of  the  several  commanders  of  the  militia  of  Boston,  that 
out  of  the  several  companies  of  the  town  of  Boston,  there  may  be 
listed  forty  soldiers,  and  no  more,  belonging  to  said  companies, 
which  shall  be  excused  from  any  fine  or  penalty,  on  common  train- 
ings ;  always  provided,  they  appear  on  each  of  the  Artillery  training 


31 


242 

days,  or  for  default  to  pay  six  shillings  fine,  for  the  use  of  the 
Company. 

"  16th.  That  every  one  that  is  admitted  into  the  Company,  at  his 
listing  shall  not  pay  less  than  one  shilling  entrance  money  to  the 
Clerk,  towards  bearing  the  charge  of  the  Company. 

"  17th.  That  if  any  of  the  forty  persons  that  shall  be  accepted  by 
the  Company,  and  are  excused  from  common  trainings,  be  chosen 
into  any  place  that  excuses  them  from  training  in  the  other  military 
companies,  they  shall  then,  if  they  continue  in  the  Artillery  Com- 
pany, be  no  longer  under  the  penalty  of  six  shillings  for  non-appear- 
ance, but  liable  to  the  fine  of  one  shilling,  as  others  under  the  like 
circumstances,  and  that  others  may  be  admit^d  in  their  room  to 
make  up  the  number  of  forty,  as  aforesaid. 

"  18th.  That  upon  reasonable  request  of  any  member  of  the 
Company,  they  may  have  their  dismission  granted. 

"  19th.  That  such  as  now,  or  hereafter  shall  be  accounted  mem- 
bers of  the  said  Company,  shall  subscribe  to  these  articles ;  the 
further  to  oblige  themselves,  and  especially  with  respect  to  their 
subjecting  themselves  to  the  Clerk's  power  ex  qfficio  of  distraining 
for  fines,  that  any  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  pay." 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1700,  by  Benjamin  Wads- 
worth,  Boston — Isaiah  III.  2d.  Printed. 

1701. 

GEORGE  DRIVER. 
CHRISTOPHER  MYNGS. 
THOMAS  GODFREY. 

THOMAS  FOSTER,  Boston,  brazier,  father  of  Thomas, 
1718. 

FRANCIS  CLARKE. 
ANTIPAS  TOREY. 
JOHN  COOKSON,  Boston,  gunsmith. 

CAPT.  NATHANIEL  OLIVER,  Boston  and  Chelsea  ; 
grandson  of  Capt.  Peter,  Ar.  Co.  1643 ;  Captain  of 
militia;  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1717.  He  died  at 
Chelsea,  Jan.  1st,  1769,  aged  87.  He  graduated  at 
Har.  Col.  1701.  A  member  of  the  Old  South. 


243 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1701,  by  Ebenezer  Pern- 
berton,  Boston — Luke  III.  2d.     Printed. 

1702. 

COL.  SIR  CHARLES  HOBBY,  Boston ;  son  of  William 
Hobby,  of  Boston,  merchant.  He  obtained  the  order 
of  knighthood  for  his  fortitude  at  the  time  of  the  earth- 
quake in  Jamaica.*  "  He  was  a  candidate  to  supplant 
Gov.  Joseph  Dudley;  and  Gov.  D.'s  enemies  prevailed 
upon  him  to  go  to  England  and  solicit  for  the  govern- 
ment. He  was  recommended  to  Sir  H.  Ashurst,  the 
friend  and  agent  of  the  colony,  who  at  first  gave  en- 
couragement of  success.  Hobby  was  a  gay  man,  a  free 
liver,  and  of  very  different  behaviour  from  what  one 
would  have  expected  should  have  recommended  him  to 
the  clergy  of  New  England  ;  and  yet  such  is  the  force 
of  party  prejudice,  that  it  prevails  over  religion  itself, 
and  some  of  the  most  pious  ministers  strongly  urged  in 
their  letters,  that  he  might  be  appointed  their  Governor 
instead  of  Dudley."  He  had  returned  from  England 
without  success,  in  1710,  and  had  command  of  one  of 
the  Massachusetts  regiments  raised  to  take  Port  Royal. 
He  was  senior  officer,  and  the  expedition  resulted  in 
the  surrender  of  the  place.  He  was  the  third  instance 
of  being  chosen  commander  the  year  of  admission,  and 
1713.  At  one  time  he  owned  and  occupied  a  large 
house  in  King  street,  consumed  by  the  great  fire  in 
1711.  His  mansion  house  was  in  Marlborough  (Wash- 
ington) street.  His  inventory,  1715,  mentions  six 
slaves,  valued  at  £300.  His  estate  was  represented 
insolvent,  May  5th,  1716.  His  lady  survived  him.  A 
fine  portrait  of  Sir  C.  said  to  have  been  taken  in  Lon- 
don by  the  celebrated  Sir  Peter  Lely,  is  now  (1833)  in 
the  possession  of  a  descendant  of  Mr.  John  Colman, 

*  Hutchinson  intimates,  "  for  the  further  consideration  of  j£SOO." 


244 

who  married  the  sister  of  Sir  C.  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 
Sir  C.  died  in  London,  in  1714. 

COL.  EDWARD  HUTCHINSON,  Boston,  merchant;  born 
in  Boston ;  was  son  of  Col.  Elisha,  Ar.  Co.  1670 ;  Cap- 
tain of  militia  ;  Major  of  Boston  Regiment ;  Lieut.  Col. 
1717 ;  Colonel  in  1729,  and  resigned  1733.  Ensign  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1711 ;  Lieutenant  1713;  Captain  in  1717, 
1724  and  1730.  He  was  a  very  useful  member  to  his 
decease.  Representative ;  one  of  the  five  Trustees  of 
the  first  bills  of  credit,  or  paper  money,  issued  by  the 
Provincial  Government,  1714.  His  will  was  proved 
April  24th,  1752. 

HON.  WILLIAM  DUMMER,  ESQ,  Boston.  Lieut.  Gov- 
ernor under  Shute.  During  his  troublesome  adminis- 
tration we  hear  little  of  him ;  the  salary  was  small,  and 
the  office  nominal.  In  1720,  the  Court  reduced  the 
annual  grant  from  £50  to  £35.  "  Mr.  Dummer  had  so 
much  spirit,  that  he  enclosed  the  vote  in  a  letter  to  the 
Speaker,  acquainting  him  that,  'having  the  honor  to 
bear  the  King's  commission  for  Lieutenant  Governor  of 
the  Province,  and  having  been  annually  more  than  £50 
out  of  pocket  in  that  service,  he  did  not  think  it  for  his 
honor  to  accept  of  their  grant.' '  In  1722,  the  admin- 
istration devolved  upon  him,  Gov.  Shute  having  left  the 
province  for  England,  and  he  acted  as  Commander-in- 
Chief  until  the  arrival  of  Gov.  Burnet.  "  Having  spent 
some  time  in  England,  knowing  what  conduct  would 
be  approved  of  there,  and  well  acquainted  with  the 
tempers  of  his  countrymen,  he  very  prudently  aimed 
rather  at  an  easy  administration,  than  at  any  thing  great 
and  striking — acting  in  the  most  common  affairs  by 
advice  of  Council."  In  1725,  a  favorable  treaty  with 
the  Eastern  Indians,  "  his  pacific  measures  and  accom 
modation  or  suspension  of  some  of  the  controverted 
points,"  and  his  favoring  a  Synod  of  the  clergy,  which, 


245 

having  been  laid  aside  several  years,  had  reduced  their 
influence,  rendered  him  popular  at  home,  but  incurred 
the  displeasure  of  Shute,  and  of  royalty.  Gov.  Burnet 
arrived  and  assumed  the  duties  of  his  office  in  1728,  but 
dying,  Sept.  7th,  1729,  Dummer  reassumed  the  admin- 
istration, until  superseded  by  Lieut.  Gov.  Tailor,  shortly 
before  Gov.  Belcher's  arrival  in  1730.  He  then  re- 
tired to  private  life. 

He  was  Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1719,  while  Lieut. 
Governor.  He  never  sustained  any  office  in  the  militia. 
In  his  will  he  gives  two  legacies  to  Harvard  College, 
viz :  £66  136;  also,  £133  6  8.  From  his  funeral  ser- 
mon, by  Rev.  Mather  Byles,  I  presume  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  Hollis  street  Church,  from  the  Appendix  of  which 
the  following  is  extracted : 

"  Boston,  Oct.  10th,  1761.  Departed  this  life,  aged  83,*  the  Hon. 
William  Dummer,  Esq,  and  on  the  16th  his  funeral  was  attended 
with  every  mark  of  respect  due  to  so  eminent  a  person.  Scarce  any 
one  ever  passed  this  life  with  a  more  unspotted  character,  or  per- 
formed its  various  duties  with  more  universal  esteem.  In  the  gayest 
scenes'  of  youth,  he  was  preserved  from  the  destructive  paths  of  vice  ; 
and  in  maturer  age,  was  a  shining  example  of  the  most  amiable  vir- 
tues. The  wise,  incorrupt,  and  successful  administration  of  Mr. 
Dummer,  will  always  be  remembered  with  honor,  and  considered  as 
a  pattern  worthy  the  imitation  of  all  future  Governors ; — uninfluenced 
by  party  prejudices, — superior  to  all  mercenary  attachments,  he  dis- 
covered no  passion  in  his  public  character,  but  love  to  his  country, 
and  fidelity  to  his  royal  master.  He  retired  to  enjoy  private  life,  with 
the  approbation  of  a  good  conscience,  and  the  applause  of  his  coun- 
try. In  his  domestic  character,  he  appeared  the  affectionate  hus- 
band, the  indulgent  master,  the  benevolent  friend.  Inspired  with  a 
profound  veneration  of  the  Supreme  Being, — firmly  attached  to  the 
religion  of  Jesus  ;  he  received  its  doctrines  with  submission,  attend- 
ed its  institutions  with  reverence,  and  practised  its  precepts  with 
uniformity.  At  his  death,  he  left  a  great  part  of  his  estate  to  pious 

*Gov.  D.  is  said  to  have  died  aged  82 — see  Hist,  of  Harvard  College,  p.  198. 
He  bequeathed  the  income  of  £100  sterling  to  the  two  Hollis  Professors  in  Har- 
vard College,  to  he  equally  divided  between  them,  and  £50  sterling  to  be  laid  out 
in  books  for  the  Library.  Dummer  Academy,  at  Newbury,  was  founded  by  him. 


246 

and  charitable  uses.  Having  served  his  generation,  by  the  will  of 
God,  he  fell  asleep  in  a  joyful  expectation  of  a  resurrection  to  eter- 
nal life." 

BENJAMIN  SIMPSON,  Boston ;  member  of  the  Old 
South  Church. 

OLIVER  WILLIAMS. 

CAPT.  TIMOTHY  CLARKE,  Boston ;  Captain  of  militia. 
•Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1706;  Representative;  in- 
ventory 1725. 

JOHN  Mico,  Boston,  merchant.  Inventory  1719 — 
£11230  17  0. 

WILLIAM  KEEN,  Boston. 

JOHN  NICHOLS,  Boston,  merchant.  Will  dated  Dec. 
7th,  1710. 

EDWARD  LYDE,  ESQ,  Boston,  merchant;  Naval  Offi- 
cer of  the  port.  His  father-in-law,  Gov.  Belcher,  was 
ordered  by  the  King  to  remove  him  from  that  office, 
though  he  performed  the  duties  to  universal  acceptance ; 
but  he  was  obliged  to  obey,  or  lose  his  own  office: 

THOMAS  PALMER,  Boston. 

THOMAS  NEWTON,  Boston,  lawyer ;  Secretary  of  New 
Hampshire. 

His  Majesty's  Attorney  General  for  Massachusetts  Bay,  1704  ; 
Deputy  Judge,  and  Judge  of  the  Admiralty  ;  Comptroller  of  the 
Customs,  and  for  many  years  one  of  the  chief  lawyers  of  Boston. 
He  was  born  in  England,  June  10th,  1660,  being  Whitsunday,  and 
died  at  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  May  28th,  1721,  (Whitsunday)  aged  60. 
He  was  educated  in  England,  and  beloved,  both  there  and  here ; — 
one  who  carried  himself  just  and  well  in  every  station,  being  affable, 
courteous,  and  circumspect, — of  strict  devotion  towards  God, — ex- 
emplary for  family  government,  as  well  as  humanity  to  all.  A  lover 
of  all  good  men,  and  therefore  the  more  lamented  at  his  death.  His 
funeral  was  attended  by  the  Governor,  his  Majesty's  Council,  with 
other  principal  gentlemen.* 

'Extracted  from  the  Boston  News  Letter  of  June  5th,  1721. 


247 

He  lived  in  Queen  (Court)  street,  and  was  an  Epis- 
copalian. He  signed  the  remonstrance  to  the  Queen, 
respecting  Dudley's  arbitrary  conduct  as  Governor. 

ENSIGN  SIMEON  STOOD ARD, JR, Boston,  shop-keeper; 
son  of  Simeon,  Ar.  Co.  1675.  Inventory,  1732,  £1892 
190.  A  member  of  the  Old  South. 

LOVET  SANDERS. 

CALVIN  GALPINE,  Boston  ;  administration  to  his  wife, 
1729. 

SETH  DWIGHT,  Boston. 
JOHN  SOAMES,  Boston. 

CAPT.  JOHN  GEORGE,  Boston,  merchant.  Will  proved 
Nov.  27th,  1714.  I  suppose  him  a  founder  of  the  first 
Baptist  Church  in  Boston,  and  who  suffered  persecu- 
tion. A  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  SMITH,  Boston,  merchant,  Esquire. 
Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1713 ;  Lieutenant  1715 ;  Captain 
1722.  Administration  to  his  widow  and  son,  1741 .  In- 
ventory, £5743  10  3 — among  which  was  145  ounces  of 
silver  plate.  A  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

CAPT.  ADINO  BULFINCH,  Boston,  sail-maker ;  came 
from  England  in  1680.  His  son  graduated  at  Harvard 
College,  1718.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1715.  His  will, 
proved  June  1 7th,  1 746,  speaks  of  his  being  advanced 
in  years.  Ancestor  of  Charles  Bulfinch,  Esq,  long  a 
Selectman  of  Boston. 

CAPT.  EDWARD  MARTYN,  Boston,  merchant.  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1710;  Lieutenant  1712;  Captain  1715. 
He  probably  died  young.  A  will  appeared,  dated  May 
1st,  1717,  wherein  he  gives  the  improvement  of  all  his 
estate  to  his  wife,  to  bring  up  his  children.  The  first 
account  was  £17601  18  1  ;  debts,  £10439  5  0.  His 


248 

tomb,  No.  10,  Copp's  Hill,  is  now  called  "Martyn's 
tomb." 

ISAAC  SPENCER. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1702,  by  Benjamin  Col- 
man,  Boston — Heb.  XL  33d.     Printed. 

1703. 

THOMAS  LEVERETT,  Boston ;  probably  son  of  Hudson^ 
Ar.  Co.  1656. 

AMBROSE  VINCENT,  Boston. 

WILLIAM  CLARKE,  Boston;  member  of  O.  S.  Church. 

THOMAS  NEWTON,  Boston;  son  of  Thomas,  1702. 

JOSEPH  CALLENDER. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  BAKER,  Boston. 

WILLIAM  IVORY. 

JOSEPH  BRISCOE,  Boston. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  BAKER,  Boston,  brazier ;    brother  of 
Thomas.     A  member  of  O.  S.  Church. 

ISAAC  QUEENOICAULT.  *  . 

WILLIAM  FRARY,  Boston  ;  probably  son  of  Theophi- 
lus,  Ar.  Co.  1666. 

•WILLIAM  HUTCHINSON,  Boston;  brother-in-law  to  T. 
Palmer,  Ar.  Co.  1702.  Representative  1721,  but  died 
during  the  year,  with  the  small-pox,  by  inoculation. 
Hutchinson,  the  historian,  to  whom  he  was  nearly  re- 
lated, says  :  "  He  was  a  gentleman  of  a  very  fair  char- 
acter, sensible,  virtuous,  discreet,  and  of  an  independent 
fortune.  He  began  his  political  life  at  a  time  when 
persons,  thus  qualified,  were  wanted  for  the  service  of 
their  country,  to  moderate  the  passions  of  those  who 
were  less  temperate,  and  who  had  the  lead  in  the  House. 
In  general,  he  adhered  to  the  popular  party.  Longer 


249 

experience  might  have  convinced  him,  that  he  would 
have  shown  his  gratitude  to  his  constituents  more  by 
endeavoring  to  convince  them  that  they  were  running 
to  an  extreme,  than  by  encouraging  the  same  extremi- 
ties himself."  In  another  place,  Hutchinson  says  that 
he  caught  the  infection  in  the  General  Court.*  He 
graduated  at  Harvard  College,  1702. 

HENRY  LLOYD,  Boston. 

HENRY  BRIDGHAM,  Boston,  tanner. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1703,  by  Grindall  Rawson, 
Mendon— Ephes.  VI.  Jlth.  Printed. 

If  04. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  LEVERETT,  Cambridge ;  son  of  Hudson, 
Ar.  Co.  1656;  grandson  of  Gov.  John,  Ar.  Co.  1639; 
graduated  at  Harvard,  1680.  He  was  one  of  the  Col- 
lege Corporation  and  tutors,  and  elected  President 
thereof,  1707,  while  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  He 
first  studied  theology,  and  preached  occasionally  several 
years;  but  finally  studied  law,  and  practised  in  the 
courts.  He  represented  Cambridge,  and  was  Speaker, 
1700;  also  Judge  of  Probate;  one  of  the  Council; 
Judge  of  the  Superior  Court,  1702,  which  office  he 
held  when  elected  President.  His  grandfather  seems 
to  have  predicted  his  elevation  as  a  scholar.  Dignity 
and  integrity  were  his  official  traits,  and  popular  ap- 
plause his  reward.  His  public  employments  abroad 
were,  Commissioner  to  Port  Royal  1707,  and  1704  on 
an  Indian  negotiation.  His  death  was  sudden,  May 
3d,  1724,  dying,  as  is  supposed,  sleeping,  without  a 
struggle. 

"His  qualifications"  for  the  Presidency  "were  not  only  eminent 
in  degree,  but  singularly  various.  He  had  a  great  and  generous 

*  Hutchinson,  pp.  245  and  '6. 
32 


250 

soul.  His  natural  abilities  were  of  a  very  high  order.  His  attain- 
ments were  profound  and  extensive.  He  was  well  acquainted  with 
the  learned  languages,  with  the  arts  and  sciences,  with  history,  phi- 
losophy, law,  divinity,  politics ;  and  such  was  his  reputation  for 
knowledge  of  men  and  things,  that,  in  almost  every  doubtful  and 
difficult  case,  he  was  resorted  to  for  information  arid  advice. 

"  To  his  wisdom  and  knowledge,  he  added  great  firmness,  resolu- 
tion, and  energy  of  character.  His  great  abilities  being  consecrated 
to  the  service  of  God  and  of  his  generation,  he  was  never  deterred 
by  difficulties  or  dangers  from  any  undertaking,  which  Providence 
seemed  to  impose  upon  him.  He  was  liberal  and  catholic  in  his 
sentiments  and  feelings ;  and  though,  among  the  various  institutions 
of  the  Commonwealth,  he  had  the  preservation  of  its  religious  estab- 
lishments greatly  at  heart,  he  did  not  place  religion  so  much  in  par- 
ticular forms  and  modes  of  worship,  or  discipline,  as  in  those  sub- 
stantial and  weighty  matters  of  the  €fospel,  righteousness,  faith,  and 
charity." 

iO  I.  .T'J.lii.1 

"  For  forty  years,"  says  Dr.  Colman,  "  he  has  shown 
in  this  place  and  in  the  eyes  of  this  Society,  in  near  a 
meridian  lustre.  The  young  saw  him  and  hid  themselves, 
and  the  aged  arose  and  stood  up.  Then  men  gave  ear  to 
him,  and  waited  and  kept  silence  at  his  counsel."  Flynt's 
Funeral  Oration  ascribes  to  him  Aristotle's  words  to 
Plato — '-'•Hicjacet  homo,  quern  non  licet,  non  decet,  im- 
piis  vel  ignorantibus  laudare."  His  literary  merits  pro- 
cured him  honors  from  abroad,  particularly  a  member- 
ship in  the  Royal  Society  of  London. 

JONATHAN  LORING,  Boston,  member  of  Old  South 
Church. 

THOMAS  SALTER,  Boston,  trader.  Inventory,  1714, 
£12187  9  10.  A  member  of  the  Old  South. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  SALE,  Boston,  innholder.  Ensign  of  the 
Ar.  Co,  1719. 

In  the  News  Letter,  "  June  12  to  19, 1704,"  is  the  fol- 
lowing :  "  Capt.  Thomas  Hutchinson,  Captain ;  Capt. 
Adam  Winthrop,  Lieutenant;  and  Mr.  John  Noyes, 


251 

Ensign;  officers  of  the  Honorable  Artillery  Company, 
have  caused  the  printing  of  the  Election  Sermon." 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1704,  by  Henry  Gibbs, 
Watertown— Psalms  XLIV.  6th.  Printed. 

1705. 

None  admitted  members  this  year. 
Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1705,  by  Thomas  Bridge, 
Boston— Daniel  XI.  32d.     Printed. 

1706. 
SAMUEL  GREY. 

WILLIAM  TILLEY,  Boston ;  member  of  O.  S.  Church. 

CAPT.  DANIEL  EPES,  Salem,  son  of  Daniel,  of  Ips- 
wich; born  March  24th,  1649.  Graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1669,  and  died  while  Councillor,  Nov.  23d, 
1722,  aged  73. 

CAPT.  JOHN  SMITH,  Boston,  merchant.  Administra- 
tion 1706. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1706,  by  Roland  Cotton, 
Sandwich— Math.  XI.  12th. 

1707. 

LIEUT.  RICHARD  BILL,  Boston,  merchant.  His  wife 
was  the  daughter  of  Maj.  Davis,  Ar.  Co.  1673.  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1716;  Lieutenant,  1720.  There  is  an 
inventory,  1757,  of  the  Hon.  Richard  Bill,  Esq. 

ENSIGN  BENJAMIN  ELIOT,  Boston,  bookseller.  Will 
proved  Dec.  8th,  1741.  I  suppose  him  grandson  of  the 
Indian  Apostle. 

JOSEPH  HUBBARD. 

BENJAMIN  PEMBERTON,  Boston,  member  of  the  O.  S. 
Church. 


252 

CAPT.  EZEKIEL  LEWIS,  Boston;  Representative  nine 
years;  graduated  at  Harvard  College,  1695.  Member 
of  the  Old  South. 

WILLIAM  WHITCOMB. 
LIEUT.  RICHARD  HALL. 

EDWARD  BROMFIELD,  ESQ,  Boston,  merchant.  Will 
proved  1734.  Representative.  Member  of  the  Old 
South. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1707,  by  Cotton  Mather, 
Boston— Heb.  XII.  4th. 

1708, 
JAMES  DAVIE,  ESQ,  Boston,  merchant. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  LOWDER,  Boston,  merchant,  living  in 
1726.  In  the  administration  to  his  son,  1736,  he  is 
styled  innholder.  Lieut,  of  Ar.  Co.  1723. 

AMES  ANGIER,  Boston,  son  of  Rev.  Samuel,  of  Reho- 
both  and  Waltham  ;  born  at  Rehoboth,  June  29th,  1681 ; 
graduated  at  Harv.  College,  1701 ;  brother  of  Rev. 
John,  of  E.  Bridge  water.  He  was  the  first  master  of 
the  school  at  the  corner  of  West  and  Common  streets, 
established  about  1717. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1708,  by  Samuel  Danforth, 
Taunton— Heb.  XII.  4th.  Printed. 

1709. 

COL.  FRANCIS  WAINWRIGHT,  Ipswich,  merchant ; 
graduated  at  Harv.  College,  1686 ;  a  magistrate,  and 
Colonel  of  militia ;  died  Aug.  3d,  1711.  He  was  second 
in  command  in  the  unsuccessful  expedition  against  Port 
Royal. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  HILLER,  JR,  Boston  ;  graduated  at 
Harv.  College,  1705.  Administration,  1753;  buried  in 


255 

the  Chapel  ground.    Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1718;  Lieu- 
tenant, 1719. 

SAMUEL  GERRISH,  Boston,  auctioneer.  Administra- 
tion to  his  son,  1741.  Successor  of  Capt.  Ballentine, 
as  Register  of  Deeds  in  Suffolk,  1735.  Member  of  the 
Old  South. 

JOHN  ELLIS. 

BRATTLE  OLIVER,  Boston,  merchant,  living  in  1731. 
A  member  of  the  Old  South. 

CAPT.  JOHN  HUNT,  Boston,  trader.  Member  of  O.  S. 
Church. 

CAPT.  JAMES  SMITH,  JR,  Boston,  merchant,  Esq ;  died 
August  5th,  1 769,  aged  82 ;  grave-stone  in  the  Chapel 
ground;  member  of  the  Old  South. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1709,  by  Ebenezer  Pem- 
berton,  Boston. 

1710. 

ARIEL  WALLER,  ESQ,  Boston,  merchant;  probably 
son  of  Gen.  John,  Ar.  Co.  1671.  Will  proved  August 
3 1  st,  1 759.  Member  of  the  Old  South. 

COL.  WILLIAM  TIDCOMB.  He  was  at  the  siege  of 
Louisburg,  in  1745.  Hutchinson  says,  "  Maj.  Tidcomb's 
readiness  to  engage  in  the  most  hazardous  part  of  the 
service  was  acknowledged  and  applauded.  He  survived 
the  siege,  was  Colonel  of  a  regiment  when  Gen.  John- 
son was  attacked  by  Dieskau,  and  then  lost  his  life  in 
the  service  of  his  country."  "He  was  killed,"  says 
Farmer,  "in  the  French  war,  1755." 

ROBERT  CALFE,  JR,*  Boston,  merchant ;  after,  of  Rox- 
bury.  Author  of  "  More  Wonders  of  the  Invisible 

*  Farmer  doubts  whether  Jun'r  is  properly  added.     I  find  it  so  on  the  old  roll. 
The  surname  is  now  Calef. 


254 

World,"  printed  in  London,  1700.  He  dare  not  print 
or  publish  the  book  then  in  New  England.  "  The 
friends  of  common  sense  and  humanity,  at  this  time, 
found  a  powerful  advocate  in  Mr.  Robert  Calfe,  a  mer- 
chant of  Boston.  He,  like  Reginald  Scot,  breasted 
the  current  of  popular  opinion,  and  incurred  the  resent- 
ment of  the  Mathers.  His  book,  a  perusal  of  which  is 
^so  refreshing,  was  burnt  in  the  yard  of  Harvard  College, 
by  the  hands  of  the  President  of  that  institution.  Calef 
published  his  (book)  work  in  England,  in  1700,  and  it 
has  lately  been  republished  in  Salem.*  Josiah  Caleb, 
Ar.  Co.  1806,  is  a  descendant.  He  died  at  Roxbury, 
April  13th,  1719.  Inventory  March  14th,  1721. 

GEORGE  ROBINSON,  Boston,  carver.  Died  Aug.  1737. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1710,  by  Increase  Mather, 
Boston — Joshua  I.  7th.  Printed. 

1711. 

JOHN  EUSTACE,  Boston,  housewright.  His  will  was 
proved  April  10th,  1722;  his  son,  John,  executor. 

NATHANIEL  WHEELER. 

SAMUEL  HAUGH,  Boston.  Farmer  says  he  was  grand- 
son of  Rev.  Samuel,  of  Reading. 

ENSIGN  BENJAMIN  BRIDGE,  Boston,  tailor ;  Ensign  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1728;  died  about  June,  1739. 

EPHRAIM  FENNO,  Boston.  A  member  of  O.  S.  Church. 

JOHN  GIBBONS,  Boston,  apothecary;  graduated  at 
Harv.  College,  1706;  son  of  William,  Ar.  Co.  1691. 
One  of  the  founders  of  Trinity  Church,  1734. 

*See  Boston  Monthly  Magazine,  S.  L.  Knapp,  Esq,  Editor,  under  "  Witchcraft." 
What  would  the  Mathers  have  thought,  if  they  could  have  looked  forward  one 
century,  to  witness  the  repnblicalion  of  their  "  devilish  book,"  in  the  very  village 
where  the  murders  they  had  caused  were  committed,  under  the  cloak  of  law  and 
religion  ?  And  yet  it  was  a  peace-offering  to  the  remains  of  those  martyrs,  and 
excited  no  other  sentiment  than  derision  at  the  enormous  folly  of  priestcraft. 


255 

ENSIGN  NATHANIEL.SGOODWIN,  Boston ;  Ensign  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1724.  A  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

JONATHAN  WILLIAMS,  Boston,  merchant;  living  in 
1726. 

THOMAS  PHILLIPS,  Boston,  innholder.   Will,  1726. 

EBENEZER  LOWELL,  Boston,  cordwainer.  He  died  in 
1711,  aged  36.  He  was  the  father  of  Rev.  John,  of  New- 
bury,  and  grandfather  of  Hon.  Judge  John,  of  Boston. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  GREEN,  Boston,  printer;  his  father 
was  printer  of  Harv.  College,  for  fifty  years ;  born  March 
6th,  1648 ;  died  July,  1690.  A  member  of  Old  South 
Church. 

EZEKIEL  WALKER,  Boston.  Member  of  O.  S.  Church. 

BARRAT  DYER,  Boston,  cooper.  He  presented  a  clock 
to  new  brick  church.*  His  will  was  proved  Dec.  21st, 
1753,  but  his  estate  was  insolvent. 

WILLIAM  PARKMAN,  Boston,  mast-maker.  Adminis- 
tration to  his  son,  1730.  Inventory,  £1323  5  8. 

RICHARD  HONEYWELL,  Boston,  master  mariner; 
(Hunnewell;)  died  Nov.  27th,  1742,  aged  61;  grave- 
stone on  Copp's  Hill.  He  was  the  son  of  Ambrose,  Ar. 
Co.  1695. 

ENSIGN  JAMES  TILESTON,  Boston,  housewright ;  a 
founder  of  the  second  Church,  Boston.  Ensign  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1723.  He  died  prior  to  February,  1740. 

CAPT.  JOHN  GOLDTHWAIT,  Boston;  Ensign  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1730. 

JAMES  VARNEY,  Boston,  bricklayer. 

COL.  ESTES  HATCH,  Dorchester.  Inventory  1760. 
He  married  a  daughter  of  Rev.  Mr.  Rolfe,  of  Haverhill, 
whose  life,  then  six  or  eight  years  old,  was  saved  by  his 

*  See  Ware's  Historical  Discourses. 


256 

maid  servant,  who,  when  the  Indians  attacked  that 
town,  1708,  jumped  out  of  bed  and  hid  his  two  daugh- 
ters under  two  large  tubs,  in  the  cellar.* 

JEREMIAH  BELKNAP,  Boston ;  member  of  the  Old 
South  Church. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1711,  by  Nehemiah  Wal- 
ter, Roxbury — Acts  V.  39th. 

1712. 

COL.  WILLIAM  TAILOR,!  Dorchester.  He  resided  in 
Boston,  and  had  a  country  seat  in  Dorchester.  He  com- 
manded one  of  the  regiments  raised  to  take  Port  Royal. 
In  the  fall  of  1 71 1,  Col.  Tailor  arrived  with  her  Majesty's 
commission  as  Lieut.  Governor  of  Massachusetts.  The 
next  year  he  joined  the  Ar.  Co.  and  was  made  Captain. 
He  was  in  England  in  1721 ;  and  was  sent,  with  Spen- 
cer Phipps,  as  Commissioner  to  treat  with  the  "  Six 
Nations,"  Indians,  at  Albany,  and  "  empowered  to 
promise  a  bounty  for  every  scalp,  if  they  would  go  out 
against  the  enemy,  (French,)  but  they  met  with  little 
success."! 

He  died  while  Lieut.  Governor,  at  Dorchester,  March 
8th,  1732,  aged  56.  He  was  Deacon  of  the  first  Church 
in  Boston,  and  member  of  the  Old  South  Church.  The 
inventory  of  his  estate  was— real,  £8282 ;  personal, 
£1084  19  3, — of  which  there  was  177  ounces  of  silver 
plate.  The  following  is  an  obituary  notice  of  him  :|| 

"  The  corpse  of  the  Hon.  William  Tailor,  Esq,  Lieut.  Governor  of 

*  Col.  Hatch  died  before  her,  and  she  married  Rev.  Mr.  Checkley,  Sen'r,  of 
Boston. 

t  Tailor, — his  own  hand-writing  to  the  Company  book. 

t  He  favored  the  private  Bank  party,  and  Hutcliinson  says  he  was  "  a  gentleman 
of  no  great  fortune,  and  whose  stipend  from  the  government  was  trifling."  A  pro- 
ject of  the  kind  had  been  started  in  London,  1684;  "but  this  is  not  generally 
known  in  America, — a  gentleman  of  Boston  is  the  reputed  father  of  it." 

II  New  England  Journal,  Boston,  March  13th,  1732,  No.  260. 


257 

this  Province,  was  interred  at  Dorchester,  with  great  honor  and  re- 
spect. The  bells  of  this  town  (Boston)  were  tolled  from  eleven 
o'clock  to  five.  The  cannon  of  his  Majesty's  Castle  William,  of 
which  he  was  the  Leloved  Captain,  were  discharged  at  their  funeral 
distance,  the  flag  being  half  raised.  The  pall  was  supported  by  liis 
Excellency  Gov.  Belcher,  the  Hon.  William  Dummer,  Addington 
Davenport,  Thomas  Hutchinson,  Elisha  Cooke,  and  Adam  Win- 
throp,  Esq's.  The  funeral  was  attended  by  a  great  number  of  gentry 
in  their  coaches,  &c." 

,n  i      ,~rr    -•'.(   I  nrh   id«;n  ••rb:'~itlti'ff  .1*'\1  " 

SAMUEL  OAKES,  Boston,  saddler ;  -administration  1733. 
SAMUEL  DURHAM. 

CAPT.  JOHN  GREENOUGH,  Boston,  shipwright.  En- 
sign of  the  Ar.  Co.  1717;  Lieutenant  1718 ;  Captain 
1726.  His  will  was  proved  Nov.  14th,  1732.  He  had 
sons  in  the  Ar.  Co.  1740  and  1744,  and  two  daughters. 

'  O 

LIEUT.  COLONEL  DANIEL  GOFFE,  Boston,  merchant. 
Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1734.  Administration  1742. 
An  officer  of  militia,  and,  I  suspect,  a  field  officer  of 
Boston  Regiment.  In  1740,  he  manifested  his  good 
will  to  Harvard  College  by  bequeathing  to  it  £200 ;  but 
his  estate  proving  insolvent,  this  legacy  was  not  paid. 

JOSEPH  ESSEX,  Boston,  jack-maker.  Administration 
on  his  estate,  1719.  His  trade,  like  that  of  a  pewterer, 
and  some  others,  is  extinct. 

LIEUT.  COL.  DANIEL  HENCHMAN,  Boston,  bookseller ; 
grandson  of  the  valiant  Capt.  Henchman,  in  King 
Philip's  war,  Ar.  Co.  1675,  and  son  of  Hezekiah,  1692. 
He  was  long  distinguished  as  an  extensive  bookseller  in 
Cornhill.  To  the  Old  South  Church  he  gave,  in  his 
will,  £66  134.  An  officer  of  militia  ;  Major  of  Boston 
Regiment  1742;  afterwards  its  Lieut.  Colonel.  Lieu- 
tenant of  the  Ar.  Co.  1733,  and  Captain  on  its  first 
centennial  anniversary,  1738,  and  in  1746.  While 
Commander,  he  ordered  the  Company  records  to  be 
transcribed,  and  most  of  Barnes's  transcript  of  1780, 


33 


258 

especially  the  roll  and  list  of  officers,  are  preserved,  and 
in  some  instances,  corrected  and  brought  down  to  that 
period.  He  continued  all  his  life  much  attached  to  the 
Company.  He  lived  to  enjoy,  in  its  youthful  vigor,  the 
shade  of  the  great  elm  tree  on  the  Common,  which  his 
grandfather  planted.  The  following  is  an  obituary  of 
him:  * 

"  Last  Wednesday  night,  died  here,  Daniel  Henchman,  Esq,  one 
of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  Suffolk,  and  many  years 
Deacon  of  the  (Old)  South  Church  in  this  town,  Overseer  of  the 
Poor,  &c.  He  was  esteemed  one  of  the  most  noted  and  eminent 
booksellers  and  stationers  on  this  continent.  We  hear  his  remains 
are  to  be  interred  this  afternoon."  "  First  Monday  in  March,  1761," 
says  the  Regimental  book,  then  kept  by  Col.  Dawes,  "  he  was  buried, 
not  being  in  commission,  yet  the  Officers  of  the  Regiment  all  walked 
in  procession  before  the  corpse." 

His  will  gives  all  his  estate,  after  his  wife's  decease, 
to  his  son-in-law,  Thomas  Hancock,  Esq,  and  wife.  In 
1742,  he  presented  Harvard  College  with  100  ounces 
of  silver,  and  again,  in  1747,  £250,  old  tenor. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1712,  by  Peter  Thacher, 
Weymouth— .1st  Sam,  XVIII.  14th. 

1713. 

JAMES  ALFORD,  Boston ;  son  of  Capt.  Benjamin,  1671. 

CAPT.  FRANCIS  PARNELL,  Boston,  merchant ;  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1720  ;  Lieutenant  1721.  He  died  sud- 
denly, at  Boston,  October,  1 724. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1713,  by  Sampson  Stod- 
dard,  Chelmsford— 1st  Sam.  II.  30th. 

1714. 

COL.  JOHN  ALFORD,  Charlestown ;  son  of  Capt.  Ben- 
jamin, 1671.  He  was  of  his  Majesty's  Council,  and 

*  Boston  Gazette  and  Country  Journal,  March  2d,  1761. 


259 

laid  the  foundation  of  the  Alford  Professorship  in  Har. 
Col.  He  died  at  Charlestown,  September,  1761,  aged 
76.  He  was  "  a  gentleman  of  considerable  estate,  and 
highly  respected  in  his  public  and  private  character." 

CAPT.  JOHN  WHEELWRIGHT,  Boston,  merchant.  Rep- 
resentative;  Naval  Officer,  1737,  at  Boston.  In  1721, 
one  of  his  Majesty's  Council. 

LIEUT.  NATHANIEL  BALSTON,  Boston.  Ensign  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1726;  Lieutenant  1728. 

GILLAM  PHILLIPS,  ESQ,  Boston  ;  son  of  Samuel,  Ar. 
Co.  1693.  Died  Oct.  17th,  1770,  aged  75. 

CAPT.  BENJAMIN  GERRISH,  Charlestown.  Died  1750, 
tiged  64  ;  grave-stone  in  Charlestown. 

JONATHAN  BARNARD. 

ENSIGN  SAMUEL  HOLYOKE,  Boston.  Clerk  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  and  Ensign,  1729.  Senior  writing-master  of  the 
town  school  in  Queen  (Court)  street.  Died  March 
16th,  1768. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  DARRELL,  Boston.  Ensign  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1737.  His  will  was  proved  Dec.  3d,  1746.  Dea- 
con of  West  Church. 

JOHN  HOLYOKE,  Boston  ;  brother  of  Samuel. 

CAPT.  EDWARD  PELL,  Boston,  painter.  He  drew  the 
plan  of  the  "New  Brick,"  late  Dr.  Lathrop's,  meeting- 
house, in  Middle  street,  "  said  to  be  the  handsomest  in 
the  province."  One  of  the  founders  of  that  church. 
Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1722 ;  Lieutenant  1726.  His 
will,  1735,  was  proved  March  22d,  1736.  Inventory, 
real  estate,  £1 130  2  4J  ;  personal,  £3567  7  9J. 

* 

BENJAMIN  HILLER. 

THOMAS  CHAMBERLAIN,  Boston. 

JOHN  ELIOT. 


260 

CAPT.  JAMES  GOOCH,  JR,  Boston,  merchant.  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1733.  Will  dated  1732,  proved  June 
5th,  1738. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1714,  by  Joseph  Sewatty 
Boston— Rev.  XIX.  14th. 


1715, 


JAMES  WRIGHT. 


Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1715,  by  Joseph  Stevens, 
Charlestown — Isaiah  II.  4th. 

1716. 

EBENEZER  THORNTON,  Boston,  ^ 

SAMUEL  TOWN  SEND,  Boston, 
THOMAS  JACKSON. 

COL.  WILLIAM  DOWNE,  Boston,  shop-keeper.  He 
often  appears  as  executor,  guardian,  &c. ;  but  his  ap- 
pointment to  such  trusts  is  plenary  evidence  of  his  in- 
tegrity and  ability.  Judging  from  his  inventory,  he  was 
either  a  saddler  or  upholsterer.  His  mansion  house  was 
at  the  North  End  ;  for  partition  of  that  estate  was  made 
between  two  of  his  grand-children,  Abigail  and  Rebecca 
Cheever,  in  1766.  He  joined  the  Ar.  Co.  a  private  cit- 
izen, and  after  several  years,  his  military  talents  became 
known,  and  he  was  elected  an  officer  of  militia  in  Bos- 
ton. Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1725;  Lieutenant  1727, 
and  after  that  is  styled  Lieut.  Downe.  Oct.  20th,  1727, 
he  was  chosen  one  of  the  Committee  to  go  to  Dunsta- 
ble,  now  Nashua,  and  survey  the  Company  farm ;  he 
took  a  plan,  and  was  gone  eleven  days. 

So  late  as  1725,  the  Indians  infested  Dunstable,  and 
probably  it  was  not  safe  to  venture  on  an  exploring  ex- 
pedition thus  far  in  the  interior  before  that  period.  It 
took  Downe  and  the  Committee  three  days  at  least  to 


261 

go  and  three  to  return.  Several  Committees  had  been 
chosen  to  effect  the  object  before,  but  none  had  ven- 
tured to  accomplish  it.  How  greatly  has  the  state  of 
things  changed  in  the  lapse  of  a  century  !  Then,  it  was 
but  a  forest,  the  rivers  well  stocked  with  fish,  and  the 
haunt  of  savages,  who  were  loth  to  quit  privileges  so 
valuable  to  them, — now,  changed  to  the  busy  hum  of  a 
large  village — the  site  of  valuable  factories.  The  fish 
have  been  driven  from  their  native  element,  and  the  In- 
dians are  unknown.  What  would  Downe  have  thought, 
had  any  one  suggested  that,  a  century  hence,  one  might 
start  from  Boston  in  the  morning,  dine  on  the  rich  pro- 
fusion of  a  thronged  hotel,  survey  a  farm  of  1000  acres, 
and  sleep  at  home  in  peace,  at  Boston  ?  The  story  to 
him  would  be  enchantment. 

By  charter,  the  Company  were  to  have  1000  acres  of 
land,  and  on  the  8th  of  the  8th  month,  1641,  "  a  Com- 
mittee of  the  General  Court  was  appointed  to  accom- 
pany Mr.  Oliver,*  to  see  the  Artillery  land  laid  out,  and 
make  return  to  the  next  Court ;"  but  nothing  more  ap- 
pears, until  May  6th,  1657,  about  the  time  they  adopted 
their  first  Rules.  The  Records  of  the  Colony,  page 
259,  say : — 

"  In  answer  to  the  petition!  of  the  Artillery  Company  of  Boston, 
500  acres,  part  of  the  1000  acres  formerly  granted  them,  and  laid 
out  by  John  Sherman,  near  unto  Concord  river,  where  it  comes  near 
Shawsheen  river,  being  four  hundred  rods  in  length,  and  two  hundred 
in  breadth,  (describing  the  lines,)  is  allowed  and  confirmed  to  them; 
and  it  is  further  ordered,  that  the  other  500  acres  be  laid  out  next 
the  500  acres  already  laid  out,  at  the  head  line  between  Concord 
and  Cambridge,  if  free  from  other  grants."  The  following  is  what 
is  referred  to  in  the  preceding  extract :  "  At  a  General  Court  held  at  » 
Boston,  10th  3d  mo,  1643 — Shawshin  is  granted  to  Cambridge  with- 
out any  condition  of  making  a  village  there.  And  the  land  between 
them  and  Concord  is  granted  to  them,  all,  save  what  was  formerly 

*  This  was  Col.  John  Oliver,  a  charter  member. 

t  This  petition  is  not  preserved,  and  the  Company  record  of  it  is  lost. 


262 

granted  to  the  Artillery  Company,  or  others,  provided  the  Church 
and  present  Elders  continue  at  Cambridge."* 

The  next  we  find  upon  the  subject,  is  in  Liber  3,  page  730,  Colony 
Records,  October  15th,  1673,  at  a  second  session  of  the  General 
Court,  held  at  Boston,  as  follows :  "  Artillery  of  Boston,  their  farm 
laid  out  Sept.  llth,  1673,  1000  acres  of  upland  and  meadow,  and  is 
from  a  red  oak  tree  marked  A,  by  a  gully  side  on  the  bank  of  Meri- 
mac  river,  on  a  straight  line  west  by  south,  one  mile  and  three  quar- 
ters, by  marked  trees,  unto  a  pine  at  B,  by  a  meadow  called  Spec- 
tacle Meadow,  from  B  to  C,  and  about  the  meadow  to  D,  taking  in 
those  first  patches  of  meadow,  which  meadow  is  estimated  at  thirty 
acres ;  from  D  to  E  by  the  brook,  called  Spectacle  Brook,  which 
brook,  running  into  Nashaway  river,  from  E  to  F,  by  Nashaway,  or 
Watananock  river,  in  Merimac  river.  The  Court  therefore  approve 
of  this  return ;  and  do  further  grant  the  Artillery  Company,  as  an 
addition,  the  quantity  of  500  acres  more.  The  grant  being  made 
about  thirty  years  since.  Provided  that  the  500  acres  be  laid  out  in 
some  convenient  place  next  adjoining  the  plantation  now  granted 
them." 

Whether  the  foregoing  may  be  considered  as  two  distinct  and  sep- 
arate grants  of  1000  acres,  or  whether  the  latter  was  a  grant  made 
by  the  Court  to  make  good  a  failure  in  the  title  to  the  former,  as 
having  been  granted  or  located  to  other  persons,  is  rendered  doubt- 
ful by  the  imperfect  records  of  the  times.  It  does  not  appear  the 
Company  received  any  benefit  from  the  grant,  or  in  any  way  im- 
proved the  1000  acres  last  mentioned,  until  March  8th,  1715-16, 
when,  under  the  command  of  Capt.  Edward  Martyn,  they  "  voted  to 
lease  the  1000  acres  in  Dunstable  for  eleven  years ;  on  condition 
that  a  house  and  barn  should  be  built  thereon,  an  orchard  of  120 
apple  trees  planted,  and  the  lessee  to  deliver  the  Company  one  bar- 
rel of  good  cider,  yearly,  &,c." 

Immediately  after  the  expiration  of  this  lease,  Col.  Downe  and  the 
Committee  were  sent  to  survey  the  premises.  This  farm  is  situated 
at  the  confluence  of  the  Nashaway  and  Merrimac,  and  in  June,  1830, 
was  visited  by  me  in  company  with  an  aged  and  respectable  inhab- 
itant,t  who  was  a  surveyor.  None  of  the  marked  trees,  or  their 
stumps,  were  to  be  found.  A  remnant  of  the  old  orchard  (apple 
trees)  was  found.  Some  doubt  existed  as  to  "  the  red  oak  tree  at  a 
gully  side,"  there  being  two,  a  smaller  and  larger,  and  two  gully 

*  This  notice  of  the  grant  escaped  my  notice,  if  it  was  there,  when  examining 
the  Colony  Records,  and  first  attracted  my  attention  in  Farmer's  History  of  Bil- 
lerica,  page  25. 

t  Mr.  Lund. 


263 

sides.  The  larger  tree  appeared  the  most  probable,  as  the  division 
fence  commenced  a  rod  or  two  beyond  it  and  the  larger  gully,  and 
continued  in  a  straight  line  over  to  Spectacle  Meadow,  and  my  com- 
panion informed  me  that  dividing  fence  had  not  varied  within  forty 
years.  If  this  latter  line  or  bound  be  correct,  the  tract  contained  at 
least  1200  acres.  Our  ancestors  gave  large  measurement.  On  ar- 
riving at  Spectacle  Meadow,  we  found  it  to  resemble  the  plan,  and 
about  the  quantity,  but  the  land  in  the  vicinity  almost  a  pine  barren, 
with  here  and  there  a  few  houses.  On  arriving  at  the  bridge  cross- 
ing the  brook  which  leads  from  the  lower  Spectacle  Meadow,  we  ob- 
served a  humble  dwelling,  and  a  man  chopping  wood  at  the  door, 
who  approached  us,  and  seeing  we  had  books  and  papers,  and  hear- 
ing our  conversation,  became  alarmed,  as  if  we  had  come  to  look  up 
the  title  and  take  his  land.  It  was  some  time  before  we  could  pacify 
him.  On  our  describing  the  brook  as  Spectacle  Brook,  he  immedi- 
ately commenced  cutting  off  the  outside  bark  of  a  young  oak  tree 
standing  near  the  road  and  brook,  about  six  feet  from  the  ground, 
and  then  repaired  to  the  house  and  obtained  his  dame's  old  spectacle 
bows,  without  glasses,  and  nailed  them  over  the  spot  where  he  had 
shaved  the  bark,  saying,  the  brook  is  now  fairly  christened.  The 
appearance  of  the  spectacles  was  extremely  ludicrous.  He  had  just 
finished  when  his  wife  came  out,  yelping  like  a  dog,  and  a  fine  fam- 
ily tete-a-tete  took  place. 

This  tract  of  land  is  still  known,  and  called  "the  Artillery  Farm," 
though  much  subdivided.  A  large  factory,  called  the  Jackson  Cot- 
ton Factory,  stands  on  a  part  of  it.  There  is  also  near  the  spot  a 
neat  Unitarian  Church  and  a  thriving  village. 

But  to  return  to  Col.  Downe.  In  1732  and  1744, 
Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  He  was  a  Captain  of  militia ; 
Lieutenant  Colonel  of  Boston  regiment ;  and  Colonel, 
1744,  which  office  he  held  in  1746.  He  had  no  con- 
cern in  the  Rutland  lands,  but  took  a  strong  interest  in 
the  company  finances,  and  served  on  committees  to 
make  a  better  investment  and  appropriation  of  them. 
His  improvement  of  the  finances  was  according  to 
Keayne's  design,  and  laid  the  second  stone  in  the  foun- 
dation of  their  present  prosperity.  Treasurer  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  May  1st,  1738,  and  probably  till  his  death.  *Capt. 
Ballentine  and  Joseph  Hiller  were  his  bondsmen  as 
Treasurer. 


264 

He  died  at  Boston,  June  3d,  1753,  aged  67.  His 
widow,  Sarah,*  administered  on  his  estate.  His  son, 
William  Downe,  Esq,f  died  1747-8,  January.  He  had 
been  many  years  one  of  the  Selectmen,  and  in  other 
town  offices  was  a  faithful  servant,  but  he  never  had 
any  office  in  the  provincial  government.  Probably  he 
was  not  ambitious,  except  to  be  useful,  and  it  is  but  a 
just  tribute  to  his  memory  to  say  he  was  a  distinguished 
and  good  man  in  his  sphere.  A  few  years  since,  his 
grave-stone,  with  those  of  his  wife  and  children  side  by 
side,  in  good  order,  struck  the  visiter  with  pleasant,  yet 
solemn  veneration.  They  were  situated  a  little  to  the 
north-west  of  the  car-house,  but  the  ruthless  hand  of 
improvement  has  demolished  them. 

His  first  inventory  amounted  to  £1717  15  0£,  in 
which  is  included  his  mansion  house  and  land  and  ware- 
house, at  the  north  end,  £733  6  8;  186  oz.  16  pwts. 
wrought  silver,  and  pair  of  silver  shoe  and  knee  buckles, 
£62  12  9| ;  horse,  chaise,  saddle  and  bridle,  £17 ;  and 
a  negro  boy,  £40.  His  second  inventory,  £389  14  8, 
in  which  his  farm  at  Lunenburg,  where  his  oldest  son 
lived,  is  valued  at  £233  6  8 ;  eighty  acres  of  land  in  L. 
at  £56;  wood  lot  in  L.  48  acres,  £53  68.  His  gold 
rings  (probably  presents,  as  a  pall  bearer)  and  gold  but- 
tons, are  valued  at  £9  14  8.  He  died,  therefore,  worth 
about  $10.000,  a  goodly  fortune  in  those  days;  but  his 
real  estate  has  passed  to  other  hands,  his  personal  has 
evaporated,  and  his  family  become  obscure,  or  extinct. 

WILLIAM  PELL,  Boston,  peruke  maker;  brother  of 
Edward,  Ar.  Co.  1714. 

JAMES   HALSEY,   Boston,    mathematical   instrument 

*  I  presume  this  to  be  his  second  wife — since  it  appears  he  married  Hannah,  a 
daughte^of  Samuel  Appleton,  of  Ipswich,  who  was  a  Major  in  King  Philip's  war. 
See  Farmer's  Appendix  to  Register. 

t  There  was  a  grave-stone,  near  Col.  D's,  of  William  Downe,  Esq,  aged  40, 
who  died  May  6th,  1759. 


265 

maker ;  a  founder  of  the  New  Brick  Church ;  Deacon, 
1735,  and  their  ruling  Elder — the  last  person  chosen  in 
that  church.  I  suppose  the  office  had  become  nominal, 
or  that  he  was  too  bashful  to  be  perched  up  in  so  con- 
spicuous a  seat  for  the  sole  purpose  of  watching,  lest 
the  boys  and  girls  should  wink  at  each  other.  It  seems, 
however,  the  Church  "  voted,"  August  22d,  1 739,  unan- 
imously, to  "  desire  Mr.  James  Halsey  to  take  his  proper 
place,  in  the  Elder's  seat."  His  will  was  proved  Jan- 
uary 2d,  1767. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1716,  by  Joseph  Baxter, 
Medfield— Rom.  VIII.  37th. 

1717. 

BENJAMIN  GRAY,  Lynn. 

GRAFTON  FEVERYEAR,  Boston,  barber.  Will  dated 
1751 ;  proved  April  llth,  1755. 

JAMES  HILL,  Boston,  peruke  maker.  Will  dated  April 
llth,  proved  May  29th,  1746. 

COL.  EPHRAIM  HUNT,  Rehoboth ;  Representative. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  HUBBARD,  Boston ;  died  suddenly, 
April,  1768. 

JOHN  GIBBONS,  Boston,  merchant.  Administration, 
October,  1725.  Inventory,  £449  16  1. 

LIEUT.  SAMUEL  BARRAT,  Boston.  Lieutenant  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1722. 

CAPT.  EBENEZER  BRIDGE,  Boston,  blacksmith ;  Cap- 
tain of  militia;  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1731 ;  Lieuten- 
ant, 1738.  Inventory,  1747. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1717,  by  Thomas  Blowers, 
Beverly— 1st  Samuel  XVI.  18th. 


266 

* 

1718. 

SAMPSON  DEWER. 
JONATHAN  SEWALL,  Boston;  son  of  Maj.  Samuel,  1679. 

CAPT.  JOHN  GERRISH,  JR,  Boston,  merchant;  son  of 
Capt.  John,  1700.  Administration,  1737.  A  member 
of  the  Old  South. 

JOHN  EYRE,  graduated  at  Harv.  College,  1718.  Re- 
sided in  Portsmouth,  N.  H. 

MAJ.  SAMUEL  SEWALL  Boston,  bookseller ;  eldest  son 
of  Maj.  Samuel,  Ar.  Co.  1679 ;  married  Rebecca,  daugh- 
ter of  Gov.  Dudley;  settled  in  Brookline.  He  was 
born  in  Boston,  June  1 1th,  1678.  Author  of  "  Sewall's 
Journal" — a  manuscript  began  in  1698,  and  continued 
with  minute  particularity  for  many  years,  in  fair  chirog- 
raphy. 

"  There  is  scarcely  an  ordinary  transaction,  but  what  is  minuted 
with  particular  care,  even  the  number  and  age  of  his  domestic  ani- 
mals, together  with  those  of  >his  relations,  and  the  manner  of  their 
ultimate  disposal.  The  author  appears  to  have  been  a  man  of  great 
observation,  education,  and  purity  of  style.*  The  orthography,  with 
few  limitations,  corresponds  with  the  English  language  of  the  present 
day.  Beside  his  customary  habit  of  writing  the  occurrences  of  the 
day,  he  carried  on  an  extensive  correspondence  with  several  distin- 
guished merchants,  as  well  as  literary  men,  in  London.  These  let- 
ters were  all  transcribed  with  his  own  hand,  and  afford  a  perfect  key 
to  the  manner  of  transacting  business  at  a  very  remote  period. 
They  show  that  he  possessed  a  large  property,  both  in  America  and 
England." 

An  officer  of  the  militia ;  Major  of  Boston  regiment, 
1 733,  but  probably  did  not  hold  that  office  long.  In 
1734  he  was  elected  Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  He  died 
at  Brookline,  Feb.  27th,  1751,  aged  72.  He  made  a 
list  of  the  preachers,  &c.  at  the  Elections,  and  says, 

*  Extracted  from  the  Boston  News  Letter,  January,  1826. 


267 

"  a  memorandum  taken  out  of  my  grandfather  Hull's 
character  book,  of  several  that  did  preach  the  Artil- 
lery and  Election  Sermons."  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Old  South  Church,  and.  elected  a  Deacon,  Sept.  16th, 
1663.  He  carefully  preserved  his  grandfather  Hull's 
and  father's  papers. 

CAPT.  NATHANIEL  CUNNINGHAM,  Boston,  merchant ; 
Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1727;  Lieutenant,  1730;  Cap- 
tain, 1731.  He  lived  in  Cross  street,  owned  land  there, 
and  a  large  real  estate  in  Boston,  among  which  was  a 
pasture,  at  Barton's  Point.  His  will  was  proved  Janu- 
ary 21st,  1748.  His  nephew,  James,  Ar.  Co.  1761. 
An  administration  account  was  settled  July  17th,  1761, 
stated  in  old  tenor  currency  as  £3705,  and  also  in  law- 
ful money  as  £494,  by  which  we  may  accurately  esti- 
mate the  value  of  the  depreciated  currency. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  RAND,  Boston,  physician ;  Lieutenant 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1731  ;  officer  in  the  militia.  I  suppose 
him  an  ancestor  of  the  late  Dr.  Isaac  Rand,  of  Boston. 
His  will  was  dated  January  9th,  proved  Feb.  21st,  1748. 
His  grave-stone  was  recently  standing  in  the  Granary 
ground.  A  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

WILLIAM  LEE,  Boston,  shipwright,  a  founder  and 
Deacon  of  the  New  Brick.  He  was  "  a  noted  ship 
builder;"  lived  at  the  north  end;  died  March,  1769, 
aged  90. 

LIEUT.  ERASMUS  STEPENS,  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1739. 

CAPT.  DANIEL  PECKER,  Boston,  tallow  chandler;  Lieu- 
tenant «of  the  Ar.  Co.  1729;  an  officer  in  the  militia. 
His  will  was  dated  June  7th,  proved  Oct.  16th,  1750. 
He  was  Chairman  of  the  Assessors,  1770.  There  was 
another  Daniel  Pecker,  a  tallow  chandler,  whose  will 
was  proved  March  6th,  1776-7.  Grave-stone  in  the 


268 

Granary,  says  died  March  4th,  1777,  aged  60.  One  of 
these  persons  was  a  founder  of  the  New  Brick  Church, 
and  the  last  may  have  been  the  member  of  the  Ar.  Co. 

SAMUEL  BASS,  Boston,  tanner.  Will  proved  1766. 
Member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

CAPT.  ANDREW  CUNNINGHAM,  JR,  Boston,  merchant; 
brother  of  Capt.  Nathaniel,  father  of  Maj.  James  C. 
Ar.  Co.  1761,  and  grandfather  of  Maj.  Andrew,  Ar.  Co. 
1786.  This  name  was  often  pronounced  Kinnicum. 
Inventory  1752.  There  was  an  Andrew  C.  merchant, 
upon  whose  estate  administration  was  granted  March 
18th,  1774. 

CAPT.  JOHN  BUTTOLPH,  Boston,  wine  cooper ;  son  of 
Nicholas,  Ar.  Co.  1694;  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1732. 
Administration  1739,  Inventory  1746,  and  a  will  found 
1750. 

CAPT.  JOHN  GOLDTHWAIT,  Boston ;  probably  son  of 
Capt.  John,  1711  ;  alive  in  1737. 

CAPT.  JAMES  PECKER,  Boston,  physician.  In  his  will, 
styled  wharfinger.  Founder  of  the  New  Brick  Church. 
He  died  at  Boston,  April  30th,  1734,  after  a  lingering 
illness,  very  much  lamented.  Inventory,  real  and  per- 
sonal, £2873  10  3.  Grave-stone  in  the  Chapel  ground. 
Member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 

LIEUT.  JAMES  FOSDICK,  Boston,  paver ;  Lieutenant 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1740.  His  will  1773,  speaks  of  advanced 
age ;  proved  1776. 

ZECHARIAH  THAYER. 

CAPT.  BENJAMIN  WHITE. 

• 

THOMAS  FOSTER,  Boston,  son  of  T.  Foster,  Ar.  Co. 
1701  ;  died  previous  to  May  1st,  1752.  There  was  a 
Thomas  F.  Deacon  of  the  West  Church. 

JOSHUA  LORING. 


269 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  RUSSELL,  Boston,  printer.  Died  Sep- 
tember, 1767,  aged  74. 

SIMEON  ROGERS,  Boston. 

OBADIAH  PROCTER. 

CAPT.  RICHARD  BULKLEY,  Boston. 

ROBERT  PROCTER,  brother  of  Obadiah. 

The  number  of  the  militia  of  Massachusetts  in  1718, 
was  sixteen  regiments  of  foot,  and  fifteen  troops  of 
horse — in  all  15000.  Sailors,  3493.  Tons  of  shipping, 
in  Boston  and  Salem,  25406. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1718,  by  John  Barnard, 
Marblehead— Rev.  III.  21st. 

1719. 
SOLOMON  BLAKE. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1719,  by  John  Webb, 
Boston— Eccles.  VIII.  8th. 

In  1720  and  1721,  no  members  were  admitted. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1720,  by  Thomas  Symmes. 
Bradford— 1st  Chron.  XII.  33d.  Printed. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1721,  by  Thomas  Prince, 
Boston— Ps.  CXXI1.  6th. 

1722. 

CAPT.  NATHANIEL  GREEN,  Boston ;  Representative. 
Will  July,  1736,  proved  Nov.  5th,  1737. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  GREENWOOD,  Boston,  merchant.  His 
will  says,  shipwright.  Administration  to  his  widow  and 
son  Samuel,  March  23d,  1741.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1724.  A  member  of  the  O.  S.  Church. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  WHITE. 


270 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1 722,  by  William  Cooper, 
Boston— Ps.  XLV.  3d,  4th,  5th. 

1723. 

CAPT.  JAMES  CAREY,  Boston.  Died  Nov.  21st,  1745, 
aged  60  ;  grave -stone  in  the  Granary. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1723,  by  Thomas  Fox- 
craft,  Boston— 1st  Chron.  V.  18th,  20th. 

1724. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  WARD. 

ENSIGN  JEREMIAH  BELKNAP,  Boston,  leather-dresser. 
Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1738.  Inventory  1751.  A  mem- 
ber of  the  O.  S.  Church. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  EDWARDS,  Boston,  gold-smith.  En- 
sign of  the  Ar.  Co.  1747;  Lieutenant  1750;  Captain 
1753.  He  did  not  command  until  the  30th  year  of  his 
membership.  Up  to  this  time,  that  honor  was  sparingly 
conferred  upon  young  members.  He  died  at  his  house 
in  old  Cornhill,  which  was  appraised  at  £600.  Will 
proved  1755. 

COL.  THOMAS  TILESTONE,  Dorchester,  Esquire.  Col- 
onel of  the  1st  Regiment  in  Norfolk,  then  part  of  Suf- 
folk. Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1725.  Will  proved  1745. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  WISWALL,  Dorchester.     Will  1752. 

COL.  SAMUEL  SWIFT,  Milton,  lawyer.  Colonel  of  a 
regiment  of  militia.  Ancestor  of  Dr.  Foster  Swift,  sur- 
geon in  the  U.  S.  Army,  and  father  of  Gen.  Swift,  late 
of  the  Engineer  Corps,  U.  S.  Army. 

CAPT.  CHRISTOPHER  MARSHALL,  Boston.  Captain 
in  the  expedition  to  Cape  Breton.  Administration  1745. 

STEPHEN  PAINE. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1724,  by  Ebenezer  Thayer, 
Roxbury— 1st  Tim.  VI.  12th. 


271 

1725. 

RALPH  SMITH. 
SAMUEL  JONES. 

MAJ.  JOHN  CHANDLER,  Worcester,  husbandman.  He 
came  from  Woodstock,  Conn.  He  was  Judge  of  the 
Common  Pleas,  afterwards  Chief  Justice,  and  sustained 
the  offices  of  Sheriff,  Judge  of  Probate,  Register  of 
Deeds,  County  Treasurer,  and  Clerk  of  the  Courts; 
also  Major  in  the  militia.  His  descendants  have  been 
distinguished. 

JOHN  ASHLEY,  Boston,  shopkeeper.  Administration, 
1739. 

THOMAS  W7ELLS. 
NICHOLAS  BELKNAP. 
EDWARD  DURANT. 

COL.  JOHN  PHILLIPS,  Boston,  merchant;  born  June 
22d,  1 70 1 ;  a  descendant  of  Rev.  George,  one  of  the 
earliest  ministers  in  Massachusetts,  and  grandfather  of 
the  late  Hon.  John  Phillips,  Mayor  of  Boston.  An  offi- 
cer of  militia ;  he  rose  regularly  to  be  Colonel,  and  died 
when  Colonel,  Representative,  and  Commander  of 
Castle  William.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1740;  Lieuten- 
ant, 1744;  Captain,  1747  and  1759.  He  succeeded 
Col.  Downe,  as  Treasurer  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1749,  many 
years. 

"April  19th,  1763*  Exchanged  this  life  for  a  better,  our  dear 
and  well  beloved  John  Phillips,  Esq,  Colonel  of  the  Boston  regiment. 
His  commission  was  from  Gov.  Pownal,  April  4th,  1758."  The 
following  character  of  him  was  abridged  from  the  public  paper : 
"  Departed  this  life,  aged  62,  John  Phillips,  Esq,  who  for  many 
years  was  Deacon  of  the  Church  in  Brattle  street,  Overseer  of  the 

*  Copied  from  a  letter  of  Col.  Thomas  Dawes,  to  Hon.  John  Phillips  ;  and  a 
perusal  of  the  letter  was  favored  me  by  Thomas  W.  Phillips,  Esq,  his  son. 


272 

Poor,  &c.  A  gentleman,  who,  from  principles  of  virtue  and  true 
humanity,  employed  all  his  time  in  doing  good ;  who,  with  uncom- 
mon pleasure  and  indefatigable  diligence,  devoted  himself  to  the 
service  of  the  community.  His  inflexible  integrity  gained  and  se- 
cured him  the  confidence  of  all.  He  was  never  so  happy  as  in  pro- 
moting some  benevolent  purpose  for  the  happiness  of  others,  or  in 
relieving  distress.  He  sustained  the  important  trusts,  with  which  he 
was  invested,  with  becoming  dignity,  and  discharged  the  duties  re- 
sulting from  each  to  universal  acceptance.  His  charity  and  domestic 
virtues  rendered  him  amiable,  and  all  around  him  happy.  In  the 
hour  of  his  departure  he  was  truly  happy  in  the  reflection,  that  in 
simplicity  and  godly  sincerity,  not  by  carnal  wisdom,  but  by  the 
grace  of  God,  he  had  his  conversation  in  the  world. 

"  The  funeral  was  attended  by  a  great  number  of  the  relatives — by 
the  Governor,  His  Majesty's  Council,  the  clergy,  the  magistrates  and 
the  principal  merchants,  and  others  of  the  town,  followed  by  a  num- 
ber of  ladies  in  chariots;  and  the  commissioned  officers  of  the  regi- 
ment, whereof  the  deceased  was  Colonel,  walked  in  procession  before 
the  corpse,  with  a  number  of  non-commissioned  officers  of  the  sev- 
eral companies,  who  appeared  under  arms ;  and  also  the  new  Artil- 
lery Company,  with  a  piece  of  cannon,  all  of  them  marching  in  funeral 
order,  with  the  proper  appendages  of  military  mourning.  During 
the  procession,  minute  guns  to  the  number  of  sixty-two,  (the  age  of 
the  deceased,)  were  fired.  The  corpse  being  deposited  in  the  family 
vault,  three  volleys  were  fired  by  the  companies  under  arms ;  an4 
the  whole  ceremony  was  performed  with  the  greatest  decency  and 
good  order,  amidst  a  large  concourse  of  spectators." 

He  married  a  daughter  of  Elisha  Cooke,  Jr ;  had  six 
children — one  was  Lieut,  William,  Ar.  Co.  1762. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1725,  by  Samuel  Check- 
ley,  Boston— 2d  Samuel,  XXII.  35th. 

1726. 

COL.  BENJAMIN  POLLARD,  Boston,  son  of  Capt.  Jona- 
than, Ar.  Co.  1700,  and  grandson  of  William,  1679. 
He  was  for  thirteen  years  Sheriff  of  Suffolk.  He  is  said 
to  have  been  the  first  American  gentleman  who  made 
the  tour  of  Europe.  Upon  his  return,  he  introduced 
many  improvements  observed  abroad.  He  organized 


273 
i 

the  first  Fire  Society,  and  introduced  the  use  of  the 
bayonet,  (derived  from  JBayonne,  in  France,  where  they 
were  first  manufactured  or  invented.)  The  Cadets,  un- 
der him  as  Commander,  were  the  first  corps  in  America 
which  appeared  in  public  with  a  bayonet.  He  died  at 
Boston,  Dec.  24th,  1756,  aged  61.  Will  proved  Janu- 
ary 21st,  1757. 

He  was  probably  the  first  Commander  of  the  Cadets. 
The  origin  of  the  Cadet  corps  is  thus  related :  The 
Governor  of  Massachusetts  was  about  to  proceed  to  the 
lines  to  meet  the  Governor  of  a  neighboring  province, 
but  there  was  no  escort.  Col.  Pollard,  with  other  mem- 
bers of  the  Ar.  Co.  and  several  young  gentlemen,  vol- 
unteered as  a  cavalry  escort.  During  their  journey, 
they  formed  the  determination  of  raising  a  corps  espe- 
cially as  an  escort,  or  body  guard,  for  the  Governor. 
After  their  return,  about  the  year  1754,  a  petition  was 
presented  to  incorporate  a  company  of  Cadets.  Capt. 
Thomas  Edwards,  then  commanding  the  Ar.  Co.  fear- 
ing that  the  privileges  to  be  granted  them  would  inter- 
fere with  his  own  company,  strongly  remonstrated  to 
the  Legislature  against  their  petition  until  they  could 
be  heard,  in  order  that  similar  privileges  might  be 
granted  them.  Probably  upon  a  hearing,  the  business 
was  adjusted ;  for  the  Cadet  corps  was  soon  after  or- 
ganized, and  many  members  of  the  Ancient  joined  them. 
This  circumstance,  and  the  fact  that  Col.  Pollard,  the 
supposed  founder  of  that  corps,  was  long  a  member  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  leads  us  to  trace  the  origin  of  the  Cadets 
to  the  Ancient  Company.  The  present  Independent 
Cadets  are  their  successors.  The  Ar.  Co.  formed  the 
funeral  escort  at  the  interment  of  Ex-Governor  Shirley, 
buried  from  the  late  mansion  house*  of  Judge  Paine,  in 
Federal  street,  in  1771,  when  Hutchinson  was  in  the 
chair.  The  Cadet  Company  was  then  probably  for  a 

*Now  the  site  of  Fourth  Baptist  Church,  and  Corinthian  Hall. 
35 


274 

time  disorganized.  It  made  its  appearance  the  year 
following,  however,  under  the  command  of  Col.  John 
Hancock,  afterwards  Governor.  The  Cadet  Corps,  like 
the  Ar.  Co.  did  not  meet  during  the  revolution,  but 
were  revived  about  the  same  time,  1786. 

HENRY  GIBBS,  Boston,  merchant;  a  member  of  the 
O.  S.  Church;  son  of  Rev.  Henry,  of  Watertown; 
graduated  at  Harv.  College,  1726,  and  died  at  Boston, 
Feb.  17th,  1759,  aged  50. 

COL.  BARTHELEMEW  GEDNEY,  Boston,  wharfinger. 
His  tomb  is  in  the  Chapel  ground.  Administration,  1754. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1726,  by  John  Swift, 
Framingham — Acts  X.  7th. 

1727. 

NATHANIEL  HODGDON. 

HENRY  WHEELER,  Boston;  a  founder  of  the  "New 
Brick." 

JOHN  HELYER,  Boston;  died  1739,  aged  54;  buried 
in  the  Granary. 

INCREASE  GATCHEL,  Boston,  schoolmaster.  I  have 
seen  a  quit  claim  deed  of  his  in  1727. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  SALTER,  Boston,  brazier.  Ensign  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1743,  Lieutenant  1751. 

LIEUT.  JABEZ  HUNT,  Boston.  Adjutant  of  Boston 
regiment;  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1743. 

JOSEPH  DOWDING. 

THOMAS  SIMPKINS,  Boston,  brazier;  a  descendant  of 
Capt.  Nicholas,  1650;  living  in  1736. 

JOHN  GREENLEAFE. 

JOB  COIT,  Boston,  cabinetmaker ;  died  Jan.  12th, 
1741,  aged  49;  grave-stone,  North  burial-ground. 


275 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  NICHOLS,  Boston,  joiner;  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1739. 

EDWARD  MARION,  Boston,  blacksmith ;  a  son  of  Sam- 
uel, or  John,  Ar.  Co.  1691.  He  died  March  20th,  1771  ; 
grave-stone  in  the  Chapel  ground. 

BENNET  LOVE,  Boston,  bookseller. 

JAMES  DAVENPORT. 

JOHN  SMITH,  Boston,  merchant;  son  of  Thomas,  1702. 

CAPT.  DAVID  MASON,  Boston,  upholsterer.  Died  July 
19th,  1746,  aged  43;  grave-stone  in  the  Granary. 

CAPT.  JOHN  HOBBY,  Boston,  master  mariner ;  proba- 
bly a  son  of  Sir  Charles,  1702.  A  militia  officer. 

DDDSON  KILCUP,  Boston;  son  of  Roger,  1684. 

THOMAS  FLEET,  Boston,  printer.  Inventory  of  his 
estate,  1759. 

"We  have  in  the  History  of  Printing*  some  relation  of  Thomas 
Fleet  He  continued  printing  in  Pudding  lane  (Devonshire  street) 
till  1731 ;  he  then  hired  a  handsome  house  in  Cornhill,  north  corner 
of  Water  street,  which  he  afterwards  purchased  and  occupied.  He 
erected  a  sign  of  the  Heart  and  Crown,  which  he  never  altered ;  but 
after  his  death,  when  crowns  became  unpopular,  his  sons  changed 
the  crown  for  a  Bible,  and  let  the  Heart  remain.  Fleet's  new  house 
was  spacious,  and  contained  sufficient  room  for  the  accommodation 
of  his  family  and  the  prosecution  of  his  printing  business,  besides  a 
convenient  shop,  and  a  good  chamber  for  an  auction  room.  [Albeit 
in  those  times  the  printers  were  the  principal  auctioneers.]  He  held 
his  vendues  in  the  evening,  and  sold  books,  household  goods,  &/c. 
as  appears  by  his  advertisements.  In  August,  1742,  he  thus  adver- 
tises : — '  A  Negro  woman  to  be  sold  by  the  printer  of  this  paper ; — 
the  very  best  negro  woman  in  this  town, — who  has  had  the  small  po^, 
and  the  measles, — is  as  hearty  as  a  horse, — as  brisk  as  a  bird,  and 
will  work  like  a  beaver.'  "  Fleet  was  a  man  of  wit  and  worth. 

RICHARD  MORTIMORE. 

*  By  Isaiah  Thomas,  Esq.  This  extract  is  made  from  the  Boston  News  Letter, 
of  Dec.  23d,  1826. 


276 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1727,  by  William  Wal- 
dron,  Boston — 2d  Samuel  X.  12th. 

1728. 

COL.  SAMUEL  THAXTER,  Hingham,  husbandman  ; 
Representative,  1697,  and  ten  other  years;  Colonel  of 
the  Hingham  regiment  of  militia,  and  Captain  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  the  year  he  joined. 

"  He  was*  a  grandson  of  Deacon  Thomas  Thaxter,  the  first  per- 
son of  the  name  in  Hingham  and  in  this  country.  Col.  T.  was  born 
August  1st,  16G5.  He  is  not  supposed  to  have  inherited  a  very  large 
estate,  but  by  his  industry  and  enterprise  he  became  one  of  the  most 
wealthy,  and,  for  a  long  series  of  years,  the  most  influential  citizen. 
Before  the  settlement  of  our  venerable  GAY  in  the  ministry,  two 
other  candidates  were  heard  by  the  parish.  One  of  the  gentlemen 
received  a  vote  nearly  unanimous  to  become  the  pastor  of  the  town. 
Tradition  says  that  Col.  T.  was  opposed  to  the  candidate.  Mr.  Fisk, 
the  candidate,  replied  to  the  Committee  of  the  town  that  he  could  by 
no  means  consent  to  settle  here,  with  the  consent  of  every  other 
individual  of  the  parish,  so  long  as  -an  individual  so  respectable  as 
Col.  Thaxter  was  opposed  to  him."  Fisk  did  not  settle  there. 

SAMUEL  MILLER. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1728,  by  Ebenezer  Gay, 
Hingham — Zech  I.  8th.  Printed. 

1729. 

MAJ.  GEN.  WILLIAM  BRATTLE,  Cambridge.  Gradu- 
ated at  Har.  Col.  1722.  Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1733. 
For  many  years  Major  General  of  the  Province,  and  in 
that  capacity  presided  on  the  Common  on  the  Election 
day,  June,  1774 ;  received  the  resignations  of  the  old, 
and  commissioned  the  new  officers,  notwithstanding  the 
Lieut.  Governor  was  present,  the  Governor  being  ab- 
sent at  Salem — it  being  decided  that  the  Lieut.  Gov- 

*  Manuscript  letter  of  Solomon  Lincoln,  Esq,  author  of  the  valuable  History  of 
Hingham. 


277 

ernor  held  no  authority  over  the  militia,  while  the  Gov- 
ernor was  alive  and  in  the  Province.  Jan.  16th,  1762, 
he  was  Brig.  General,  and  one  of  his  Majesty's  Council. 

CAPT.  HUGH  MCDANIEL,  Boston,  rope-maker.  A 
distinguished  free-mason ;  a  very  active,  benevolent, 
intelligent  man ;  much  respected  for  his  integrity  and 
virtues.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1741  ;  Lieutenant  1747; 
Captain  1750.  Real  estate,  £916  134,  under  incum- 
brance,  and  finally  insolvent.  He  died  March  29th, 
1770,  aged  64,  and  his  grave-stone  is  in  the  Chapel 
ground. 

EDWARD  EMERSON,  JR,  Boston ;  born  May  8th,  1702. 

SAMPSON  SALTER,  Boston ;  died  April,  1778.  His 
son,  Richard,  kept  a  splendid  toy-shop,  and  was  called 
Dicky  Salter.  Dr.  Byles,  finding  Dicky  was  paying 
his  addresses  to  a  young  lady  of  his  church,  made  a 
pastoral  visit,  and  asked  her  how  far  she  had  got  in  her 
Psalter  ?  To  which  she  instantly  replied — "  As  far,  sir, 
as  '  blessed  is  the  man.' ' 

KNIGHT  LEVERETT,  Boston,  goldsmith.  I  suppose  a 
son  of  President  Leverett.  Administration  August  3d, 
1753. 

CAPT.  JONATHAN  WILLIAMS,  JR,  Boston,  merchant ; 
son  of  Jonathan,  1711.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1742  ; 
Lieutenant  1748;  Captain  1751.  He  was  a  Deacon. 
His  dwelling  house  was  in  Cole  lane.  He  was  Mode- 
rator of  the  famous  Boston  town-meetings,  in  Novem- 
ber and  December,  1773,  respecting  Tea.  He  died 
March  27th,  1788.  He  was  buried  in  his  tomb,  now 
the  property  of  Col.  Bradford's  heirs,  in  the  Granary. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  ADAMS,  Boston,  Esquire.  Lieutenant 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1737.  A  member  of  the  Old  South.  He 
died  about  March,  1748. 


278 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1729,  by  William  Welstead, 
Boston — Isaiah  LV.  4th. 

No  members  were  admitted  during  1730  and  1731. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1730,  by  John  Hancock, 
Lexington — Prov.  XXI.  31st. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1731,  by  James  Allin, 
Brookline— Ephes.  VI.  12th,  13th. 

We  will  now  give  some  further  account  of  the  Com- 
pany lands.  The  General  Court,  May  session,  1717, 
made  good  the  additional  grant  of  500  acres,  by  grant- 
ing one  half  of  a  reservation  of  1000  acres,  belonging 
to  the  government  in  the  township  of  Rutland,  Wor- 
cester county.  The  Indians  continued  to  infest  those 
parts,  and,  in  1724,  committed  depredations  in  that 
township.  The  grant  is  as  follows : — 

"The  following  order  passed  the  House  of  Representatives — 
read — concurred,  viz :  Upon  the  petition  of  Edward  Hutchinson, 
Habijah  Savage,  John  Ballentine,  Jr,  Edward  Winslow,  and  Jona- 
than Pollard,  in  behalf  of  the  Artillery  Company  in  Boston,  praying 
that  500  acres  of  land  which  are  reserved  to  the  Province  in  the 
township  of  Rutland,  may  be  granted  to  said  Company,  to  satisfy  a 
grant  made  to  them  by  the  General  Court,  Oct.  15th,  1673 — Order- 
ed, that  500  acres  of  the  1000  acres  reserved  to  the  Province  in  the 
township  of  Rutland,  be  granted  in  answer  to  this  petition ;  but  so, 
that  John  Burrill,  Esq,  to  whom  the  other  500  acres  is  granted,  have 
the  choice  at  which  end  to  lay  out  his  grant. 

"  Consented  to.  SAMUEL  SHUTE,  Governor." 

This  grant  made  the  Ar.  Co.  owners  of  one  moiety 
of  said  1000  acres  in  common  with  the  heirs  of  Hon. 
John  Burrill,  deceased,  and  the  Ar.  Co.  April  7th,  1729, 
appointed  Capt.  Wm.  Ward,  Thomas  Smith,  and  Col. 
B.  Pollard,  to  make  partition,  which  was  mutually 
agreed  upon,  May  1st,  1729.  No  sooner  had  they  be- 
come possessed  of  their  lands  in  Rutland,  than  they 
were  taxed.  Deriving  little  benefit  therefrom,  April, 


279 

1731,  they  appointed  a  Committee,  who  reported,  "  that 
it  was  expedient  to  sell  and  dispose  of  the  1000  and  500 
acre  grants."  A  petition  was  accordingly  presented, 
and  at  June  session,  1731,  the  following  passed,  viz: — 

"In  the  House  of  Representatives,  June  14th,  1731.  Read,  and 
ordered,  that  the  prayer  of  the  petition  be  granted ;  and  that  the  Ar- 
tillery Company  within  mentioned  be,  and  hereby  are  fully  author- 
ized and  empowered  in  due  form  of  law,  to  make  and  execute 
a  good  deed  or  deeds  of  conveyance  of  the  two  tracts  of  land 
within  mentioned ;  the  produce  thereof  to  be  vested  in  such  other 
real  estate  as  may  be  most  for  their  advantage,  the  income  thereof 
to  be  applied  to  and  for  providing  necessaries  for  their  military  ex- 
ercises, and  defraying  the  other  charges  that  may  arise  by  occasion 
thereof. 

"  June  16th,  1731.     Consented  to.        J.  BELCHER,  Governor." 

The  Ar.  Co.  in  1737,  sold  their  lands  in  Rutland,  but 
to  whom,  and  for  how  much,  the  records  do  not  show. 
The  Dunstable  lands  were,  however,  sold  to  Col.  Blan- 
chard,  and  a  mortgage  taken  as  security  ;  and,  after  the 
mortgagor's  death,  long  continued  in  dispute ;  until  a 
suit  thereon  was  commenced  in  the  United  States  Court 
for  the  District  of  New  Hampshire,  and  judgment  ren- 
dered in  their  favor.  Finally,  Col.  Blanchard's  heirs 
paid  off  the  incumbrance,  1789. 

1732. 

CAPT.  JOSHUA  CHEEVER,  Boston.  From  his  inven- 
tory, June,  1753,  and  the  fact  of  the  mansion  estate  of 
Col.  William  Downe  being  divided  between  his  two 
grand-children,  I  suppose  him  the  son-in-law  of  Col. 
Downe,  and  that  he  died  before  his  father-in-law,  who 
took  care  of  his  minor  children.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1736  ;  Captain  1741.  He  was  probably  brother  to 
Ezekiel,  Ar.  Co.  1733. 

CAPT.  EBENEZER  STOKER,  Boston,  merchant.*     En- 

*  See  his  character,  in  Boston  Gazette,  June  1st,  1761. 


,  280 

sign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1744;  Lieutenant  1746;  Captain 
1 749.  He  died  May  22d,  1 76 1 ,  aged  63.  He  possess- 
ed a  large  property,  £1900  10  1,  lawful  money;  his 
dwelling  house  in  Union  street,  £800 ;  post-chariot  and 
horses,  together  with  two  negro  boys,  are  mentioned. 
His  tomb  is  in  the  Chapel  ground.  He  was  a  Deacon. 

JOSEPH  GOLDTHWAIT,  Boston,  (alive  1784.) 

EDWARD  BROMFIELD,  JR,  Boston,  merchant ;  son  of 
E.  Bromfield,  Ar.  Co.  1707,  and  grandson  of  Edward, 
1679.  Representative.  He  died  April  19th,  1756.  A 
member  of  the  Old  South. 

WILLIAM  RAND,  Boston,  physician.  Member  of  the 
Old  South. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  HUBBARD,  Boston,  merchant,  Esquire. 
Graduated  at  Har.  Col.  1721  ;  Representative  1746, 
fourteen  years  ;  Speaker  ten  years  ;  Treasurer  of  Har. 
College.  He  died  14th  January,  1773.  Deacon  of  the 
Old  South  1739,  and  resigned  1764. 

JOSIAH  CARTER. 
THOMAS  BAKER. 

CAPT.  CALEB  LYMAN,  Boston,  shop-keeper ;  born  in 
Northampton,  Sept.  17th,  1678.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1735;  Captain  1739.  Deacon  of  a  church,  and 
wealthy.  He  died  at  Weston,  Mass.  Nov.  1 9th,  1742,  aged 
65,  after  twelve  weeks'  sickness  ;  and  his  funeral  sermon 
was  preached  by  William  Williams.  His  will  gives  the 
New  North  Church  £500.  His  tomb,  in  North  (Copp's 
Hill)  burial-ground,  No.  28,  says  that  he  died  Nov.  17th, 
aged  64.  He  made  a  very  bold  excursion  up  Connec- 
ticut river  in  1704,  as  far  as  Coos  county — spelt  by 
Hutchinson,  Cohas — against  the  Indians.  He  went 
alone,  with  five  friendly  Indians,  and,  after  nine  or  ten 
days,  came  upon  the  enemy,  and  killed  seven  out  of 
nine — two  only  escaped,  wounded. 


281 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1732,  by  Oliver  Peabody, 
Natick— 2d  Sam.  I.  18th.  Printed. 

1733. 

COL.  JOHN  WENDELL,  Boston,  merchant,  (probably 
son  of  Abraham,  of  Albany,  and  born  there,  and  nephew 
of  Col.  Jacob,  1733.)  The  firm  Jacob,  or  John  Wen- 
dell &,  Co.  kept  a  large  warehouse  in  Merchants'  Row. 
More  business  was  done  and  wealth  accumulated  in 
Merchants'  Row,  than  in  any  other  street  of  equal  ex- 
tent in  Boston.  I  presume  he  was  Colonel  of  Boston 
Regiment.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1734 ;  Captain  1 740. 
He  does  not  appear  to  have  sustained  any  public  sta- 
tion. From  some  facts,  I  think  he  did  not  continue  in 
the  copartnership.  Administration  1 762  ;  his  estate  was 
appraised  at  £959  7  2,  but  was  probably  insolvent. 

CAPT.  EZEKIEL  CHEEVER,  Charlestown.  Ensign  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1736.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College 
1733.  A  Representative  and  Councillor.  I  suppose 
him  a  descendant  of  Ezekiel,  of  Boston,  who  died  1709, 
aged  94 — the  school-master  of  the  principal  gentlemen. 

CAPT.  JOHN  ENDICOTT. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JOHN  CARNES,  Boston,  pewterer.  This 
trade  was  then  profitable  and  reputable,  now  extinct. 
He  was  born  in  Boston,  April  3d,  1698.  His  father  was 
a  Captain  in  the  British  Navy.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1745;  Captain  1748  ;  an  officer  in  the  militia,  and 
Lieut.  Colonel,  in  which  office  he  died,  March  4th, 
1760,  after  a  few  days'  confinement  with  a  fever.  "  The 
officers  walked  at  the  funeral  before  the  corpse."  In- 
ventory, 1852  16  10,  lawful  currency,  among  which  is 
his  mansion  house  and  land  in  Ann  street,  £1000.  His 
tomb  is  No.  8,  Copp's  Hill.  Francis  Carnes,  Esq,  Har. 
Col.  1 805,  was  a  descendant,  as  I  am  informed.  There 
is  now  remaining  in  the  family  of  Carnes,  in  Boston,  a 


282 

picture  representing  this  ancestor  as  commanding  a 
company  on  Boston  Common.  I  suppose  it  was  the 
Ar.  Co.  on  Election  day.  A  member  of  the  Old  South 
Church. 

CAPT.  HENRY  BERRY,  Boston.  Deacon  of  West 
Church.  Administration  1760.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1742. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  FITCH,  Boston  ;  probably  son  of  Col. 
Thomas.  1700.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1741. 

ENSIGN  THOMAS  GOODING,  Boston. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  SALTER,  Boston.  Administration 
1754. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  GRANT. 
WILLIAM  WILLIAMS. 

BENJAMIN  CLARKE,  Boston.  Member  of  Old  South 
Church. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JOHN  SYMMES,  Boston.  Ensign  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1749;  Lieutenant  1752;  Captain  1755  and 
1761.  He  was  Major,  and,  on  the  decease  of  Lieut. 
Col.  Games,  Lieut.  Colonel  of  Boston  Regiment,  in 
which  office  he  died,  Feb.  27th,  1764.  He  was  buried 
under  arms — one  company  and  the  officers  of  the  regi- 
ment preceded  the  corpse.  Member  of  the  Old  South. 

GAPT.  JAMES  DAY. 

EPHRAIM  BAKER. 

EDWARD  VAIL,  Boston,  baker.     Died  July,  1749. 

ENSIGN  EPHRAIM  COPELAND,  Boston,  tailor.  Admin- 
istration 1766.  Member  of  the  Old  South. 

SAMUEL  JACKSON. 

COL.  RICHARD  SALTONSTALL,  Haverhill,  lawyer ;  born 
at  Haverhill,  June  14th,  1703;  great-grandson  of  Sir 
Richard.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  1722.  He 


283  , 

was  a  scientific  and  practical  farmer.  At  the  early  age 
of  twenty-three  he  received  a  commission  as  Colonel  of 
one  of  the  Essex  Regiments.  His  son  Richard  was  the 
fourth  in  succession  of  that  family  who  had  filled  the 
office.  He  was  chosen  Commander  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1737,  and  of  course  presided  at  the  first  centennial 
celebration,  and  undoubtedly  selected  for  that  occasion. 
The  approach  of  that  event  began,  the  year  previous  to 
his  admission,  to  stimulate  many  enterprising  merchants 
and  public  characters  to  join,  that  the  reputation  of  the 
corps  might  receive  their  support  on  that  occasion,  and 
they  gave  its  prosperity  an  impetus  which  it  deserved. 
Col.  Saltonstall  was  a  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  at 
the  time.  He,  on  that  occasion,  selected  one  of  the  first 
clergymen  in  the  State,  and,  although  an  old  man,  he 
gave  one  of  the  best  and  most  appropriate  discourses 
ever  delivered  before  the  Company.  In  his  judgment, 
a  veteran  should  preach  before  a  veteran  corps. 

Judge  Saltonstall  was  Chairman  of  the  Committee  for 
settling  the  boundary  line  between  Massachusetts  and 
New  Hampshire,  which  had  always  been  in  contention, 
1737.  "He  was  a  man  of  talents  and  learning;  an 
accomplished  officer,  and  peculiarly  distinguished  for 
hospitality  and  liberality.  His  address  was  polished, 
affable,  and  interesting ;  his  disposition  kind  and  affec- 
tionate, and  he  was  extremely  beloved  by  all  who  knew 
him.  He  left  three  sons  and  two  daughters.  Abigail 
married  Col.  Watson,  of  Plymouth,  and  died  soon  after 
marriage,  without  children ;  and  Mary  married  Rev. 
Moses  Badger,  of  the  Episcopal  Church  in  Providence, 
R.  I."  He  was  appointed  Judge  1736,  and  sustained 
his  station  on  the  bench  with  dignity  and  honor  until 
his  decease,  Oct.  20th,  1756.  The  family  of  Saltonstall 
to  this  day  remain,  sustaining  the  reputation  of  their 
ancestors.  Hon.  Leverett  Saltonstall,  of  Salem,  and 


284 

the  wife  of  Hon.  Judge  Merrill,  of  Boston,  are  of  that 
family. 

EBENEZER  SWAN. 

CAPT.  JOHN  CODMAN,  Charlestown.  Ensign  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1745.  Ancestor  of  the  Codmans  in  Boston  and 
Dorchester. 

LIEUT.  BENJAMIN  HALLOWELL,  Boston,  shipwright. 
Will  proved  Jan.  5th,  1737-8. 

CAPT.  ISAAC  WHITE,  Boston. 

CAPT.  HABIJAH  SAVAGE,  JR,  Boston,  Esquire.  Grad- 
uated at  Harvard  College  1723;  son  of  Lieut.  Col.  H, 
Savage,  1699.  Will  proved  Sept.  23d,  1746. 

JOSEPH  DYAR. 
ZECHARIAH  FITCH.  •  ;,  > 
JOSEPH  POMROY. 

COL.  JACOB  WENDELL,  Boston,  merchant ;  son  of  John 
and  Elizabeth,  and  born  at  Albany,  Aug.  5th,  1691.  He 
married  Sarah  Oliver,  daughter  of  James  and  Mary,  at 
Boston,  August  12th,  1714.  Their  issue  was  four  sons 
and  nine  daughters.  The  late  Hon.  Oliver  Wendell,  of 
Boston,  was  his  youngest  son.  He  was  many  years 
Selectman  of  Boston,  and,  in  1634,  gave  £50  toward 
the  erection  of  a  market.  His  mansion  house  was  at 
the  corner  of  School  and  Common  streets,  and  he  built 
a  new  house  between  that  and  the  present  Latin  School. 
My  grandfather  worked  as  journeyman  under  the  late 
Col.  T.  Dawes,  upon  that  building.  While  examining 
it,  the  following  recollection  of  Col.  W.  was  recited  by 
the  old  gentleman  : — 

"  Col.  Wendell  was  a  man  of  great  personal  dignity.  His  dress 
was  rich,  being  a  scarlet  embroidered  coat,  gold-laced  cocked  hat, 
embroidered  long  waistcoat,  small  clothes  with  gold  knee  buckles, 
silk  stockings  with  gold  clocks,  shoes  and  large  gold  or  silver 


285 

brfckles,  as  the  importance  of  the  occasion  or  business  required ;  full 
ruffles  at  the  bosom  and  wrists,  and  walking  with  a  gold-headed  cane. 
His  numerous  workmen  dined  at  the  same  hour  as  his  family,  but  in 
separate  rooms;  when  meals  were  ready,  Col.  W.  would  uniformly 
take  a  chair  and  ask  a  blessing  and  return  thanks,  standing  in  the 
front  entry,  between  the  rooms.  It  must  have  been  an  imposing 
spectacle  to  see  a  merchant  of  those  days,  in  such  costume,  walking 
the  exchange,  in  King  street." 

At  the  great  fire  in  Boston,  he  was  a  great  sufferer. 
Large  collections  were  made  in  other  provinces  to  aid 
the  sufferers.  He  refused  any  part  of  the  contributions. 
Upon  a  final  dividend  among  the  sufferers,  it  was  found 
that  there  was  about  £60  left,  which  could  not  easily  be 
divided.  It  was  appropriated  to  purchase,  for  his  daugh- 
ter, Margaret,  an  eight-day  clock,  &c.  Lieut.  Colonel 
of  Boston  Regiment,  1735,  and  Colonel,  1736,  which 
office  he  held,  1743;  Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1735  and 
1745,  and  remained  a  prominent  member  to  his  de- 
cease. Inventory — real  estate,  £10233  6  8;  lands,  in 
Berkshire  county,  £1466  14  8.  He  died  Sept.  7th, 
1761,  aged  72,  and  was  buried  in  his  family  tomb,  in 
the  Chapel  ground.  The  officers  of  the  regiment  all 
walked  in  procession  before  the  corpse,  though  he  was 
not  in  commission  when  he  died.  The  following  is 
taken  from  an  obituary. 

"Died  here,  the  Hon.  Jacob  Wendell,  Esq,  who  for  many  years 
was  Overseer  of  the  Poor,*  Colonel  of  the  regiment,  one  of  His 
Majesty's  Justices  of  the  Peace,  and  Council.  As  a  merchant,  he 
was  early  distinguished,  not  only  by  the  largeness  of  his  dealings, 
but  also  by  his  probity  and  honor,  which  soon  created  him  an  exten- 
sive reputation  in  the  commercial  world ;  and,  as  he  had  many  op- 
portunities of  employing  the  poor,  encouraging  the  industrious 
tradesman,  and  advancing  those  who  were  entering  upon  the  world, 
so  no  man  could  improve  such  apportunities  with  greater  pleasure. 
The  indigent  and  distressed  were  often  and  largely  relieved  by  his 
alms.  With  great  cheerfulness  he  aided  every  project  for  the  com- 
mon good. 

*  Boston  Gazette  and  Country  Journal  No.  337,  Sept.  14th,  1761. 


286 

"His  family  remember,  with  the  tenderest  feelings,  how  much4ie 
endeared  himself  in  every  domestic  relation.  His  friends  cannot 
forget  his  openness  of  heart,  his  readiness  to  oblige,  the  freedom 
and  cheerfulness  which  appeared  at  his  hospitable  board.  Through  a 
long  course  of  years,  he  gave  a  constant  and  exemplary  attendance 
upon  all  the  offices  of  Christian  piety,  expressing  upon  all  occasions 
a  regard  for  every  thing  relating  to  it." 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  WATTS,  Chelsea,  yeoman,  grandson 
of  Col.  P.  Townsend,  1674;  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1735;  Captain,  1742.  One  of  His  Majesty's  Council. 

LIEUT.  THOMAS  DOWNE,  Boston;  probably  son  of 
Col.  William. 

LIEUT.  NAT>HAN  CHEEVER. 
CAPT.  JOHN  PECKER. 
WILLIAM  WARNER. 

WILLIAM  COCK,  Boston,  master  mariner;  insolvent, 
1736. 

THOMAS  CLARKE. 

CAPT.  DANIEL  BELL,  Boston,  merchant ;  died  about 
1791. 

DANIEL  TUCKER. 
ENSIGN  THOMAS  PRATT. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1 733,  by  Nathaniel  Ap- 
pleton,  Cambridge — James  IV.  1st.  Printed. 

1734.* 

CAPT.  DANIEL  EPES,  JR,  son  of  Capt.  Daniel,  1706. 
GEAR  COFFIN. 

NATHANIEL  THAYER,  Boston,  leather  dresser ;  alive, 
1772. 

*  March  12th,  1734.  There  was  a  town  meeting  respecting  the  erection  and 
improvement  of  the  Mall.  This  may  be  considered  the  first  considerable  effort 
for  that  object.  See  the  Boston  Commercial  Gazette,  September,  1826. 


287 

COL.  JOHN  CHANDLER,  Jr,  Worcester,  eldest  son  of 
Maj.  Chandler,  1725,  and,  like  his  father,  was  Judge  of 
the  Common  Pleas,  Justice  and  Clerk  of  the  County 
Courts,  Sheriff,  Judge  of  Probate,  Register  of  Probate 
and  Deeds,  and  County  Treasurer ;  Representative, 
Coucillor,  and  Colonel  of  the  Worcester  Regiment; 
Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1736.  His  son,  John,  succeed- 
ed him  as  Judge  of  Probate.  Col.  C.  was  a  man  of 
great  influence  and  respectability.  He  died  August  7th, 
1762,  aged  68. 

CAPT.  ELNATHAN  JONES. 

COL.  JOSEPH  DWIGHT,  Brookfield;  Speaker  of  the 
House,  1749 ;  Colonel  of  a  regiment,  of  Worcester 
County;  Councillor;  Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1743. 

MATTHEW  BARNARD. 

ANDREW  SYMMES. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  BENNET,  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1750. 

LIEUT.  SAMUEL  PRATT,  Chelsea,  tanner;  Ensign  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1748;  Lieutenant,  1753— during  which 
year  he  probably  died. 

Atillery  Election  Sermon,  1734,  by  Charles  Chaun- 
cey,  Boston— Judges  XVIII.  27th-28th.  Printed. 

1735. 
ABRAHAM  BELKNAP. 

MAJ.  JOHN  WENDELL,  JR,  Boston,  merchant.  I  sup- 
pose the  son  of  Col.  John,  1733.  His  will  was  proved 
August,  1772.  He  was  buried  in  his  tomb,  No.  55, 
Granary. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1735,  by  Hull  Abbot, 
Charlestown — Exodus  XV.  3d.  Printed. 


288 

1736. 
JAMES  WRIGHT,  son  of  James,  Ar.  Co.  1715. 

CAPT.  JOHN  WELCH,  Boston,  carver.  He  lived  at 
West  Boston.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1751  ;  Lieuten- 
ant, 1754;  Captain,  1756.  He  died  Feb.  9th,  1789, 
aged  78.  In  the  front  range  of  tombs,  Chapel  ground, 
there  is  "  John  Welch,  Tomb."  "  His  wife  died  1736, 
aged  19." 

ENSIGN  AARON  BOARDMAN,  Boston,  tinman.  Will 
proved  1754. 

DANIEL  WATTS. 

COL.  NATHANIEL  THWING,  Boston;  father  of  Maj. 
Thwing,  1761.  "April  17th,  1768,  Col.  Thwing,  of 
this  town,  was  seized  with  an  apoplectic  fit,  in  the 
street,  as  he  was  returning  home  from  public  worship, 
and  now  lies  at  the  point  of  death."  "  He  died  Monday, 
18th.  He  was  a' gentleman  well  respected;  formerly 
one  of  the  Selectmen ;  in  the  late  war,  (old  French  war,) 
Colonel  of  a  provincial  regiment,  and  in  every  action 
conducted  with  approbation."* 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1736,  by  Peter  Clarke, 
Salem— 1st  Corinth.  XVI.  13th.  Printed. 

1737. 

MAJ.  MOSES  DESHON,  Boston,  auctioneer;  originally 
a  carver;  an  Assessor,  1770. 

COL.  JOSEPH  BLANCHARD,  Dunstable,  now  Nashua  ; 
born  Feb.  llth,  1705.  A  great  speculator  in  lands,  and 
purchased  the  Artillery  farm,  in  Dunstable.  He  was  a 
mandamus  councillor,  of  New  Hampshire ;  appointed 
1740,  and  sustained  the  office  until  his  death,  in  1758, 

*  Extract  from  an  old  newspaper. 


289 

April  7th,  aged  53.  In  conjunction  with  Rev.  Samuel 
Langdon,  D.  D.  he  published  a  map  of  New  Hamp- 
shire, in  1761.  He  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Sup. 
Court  of  New  Hampshire,  in  1749,  which  office  he  held 
till  his  decease.  He  commanded  a  regiment  of  500 
men,  ten  companies,  raised  in  N.  Hampshire,  in  1755, 
and  was  engaged  in  the  French  war,  at  Crown  Point. 

LIEUT.  TnoiMAS  DROWNE,  Boston  ;  Ensign  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1753;  Lieutenant,  1756.  Snow,  p.  245,  speaks  of 
a  Deacon  Drowne,  as  the  ingenious  artist  who  made 
the  figure  in  bronze  which  surmounts  the  cupola  of  the 
Old  Province  House.  If  so,  he  was  a  brass  founder* 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1737,  by  William  Williams, 
Weston— Eccles.  IX.  18th.  Printed. 

1738. 

LIEUT.  SAMUEL  HALEY. 
JOHN  DANIEL. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  EDWARDS,  Boston ;  son  of  John,  1699 ; 
Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1754, 

JACOB  EMMONS,  Boston. 

COL.  JOSEPH  JACKSON,  Boston,  distiller.  Major  of 
Boston  Regiment  1758;  Colonel  1761  to  1763.  He 
succeeded  Col.  Phillips  as  Treasurer  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1763, 
and  continued  in  that  office  till  the  Revolution.  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1746;  Lieutenant  1749;  Captain  1752. 
His  will  disposes  of  his  portrait  to  his  son  Joseph.  The 
first  inventory  was  £3535  14,  and  second,  £3144  19  5, 
stocks  principally.  He  died  at  Boston,  April  10th,  1790, 
aged  83,  (tomb-stone  in  the  Chapel  ground,)  and  was 
buried — though  not  in  commission — under  arms,  by  the 
Ar.  Co.  It  is  on  this  occasion  that  a  band  of  music  was 
first  used,  but  it  was  paid  for  by  the  family  of  the  de- 
ceased. A  member  of  the  O.  S.  Church. 


37 


290 

CAPT.  ARTHUR  SAVAGE,  Boston ;  a  descendant  of  the 
charter  member.  Will  proved  Feb.  8th,  1765.  Mem- 
ber of  the  O.  S.  Church. 

SENDAL  WILLIAMS. 

COL.  WILLIAM  TAYLOR,  Boston ;  probably  Colonel 
of  Milton  Regiment.  Died  at  Milton,  Feb.  16th,  1789, 
aged  75.  His  tomb  is  in  the  Chapel  ground.  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1756;  Lieutenant  1759;  Captain  1760. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1738,  by  Benjamin  Col- 
man,  D.  D.  Boston — Isaiah  XL  10th.  Printed. 

1739. 

GAPT.  RALPH  HART,  Boston,  shipwright.  Captain  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1754.  Died  March  14th,  1776,  aged  77— 
grave-stone  on  Copp's  Hill.  His  son  and  grandson 
were  noted  shipwrights,  and  built  the  Constitution  frig- 
ate, "  Old  Ironsides." 

CAPT.  THOMAS  SAVAGE,  Boston,  merchant;  second 
son  of  Lieut.  Col.  Habijah  S.  1699  ;  was  born  in  Bos- 
ton, Jan.  5th,  1711.  Captain  of  militia,  and  died  Dec. 
19th,  1760.  The  officers  of  the  regiment  walked  at 
the  funeral.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1752  ;  Lieutenant 
1755 ;  Captain  1757.  "  He  was  the  grandfather  of  the 
learned  Antiquary  of  New  England,"  and  author  of  the 
valuable  notes  in  the  last  edition  of  Winthrop's  History 
of  New  England.  Inventory,  £7122  6  4J,  lawful  cur- 
rency,— his  real  estate  at  the  North  End  and  Long 
wharf,  over  £2000. 

SAMUEL  SALTER,  JR. 
CAPT.  JOHN  STORER. 

MAJ.  SAMUEL  GOODWIN,  Charlestown;  died  1802, 
aged  86. 

JOHN  WALDO,  Boston,  merchant.  A  founder  of  the 
"New  Brick." 


291 

ENSIGN  WILLIAM  SIMPKINS,  Boston  ;  son  of  Thomas, 
1727.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1757. 

CAPT.  JAMES  BUTLER,  Boston ;  buried  in  the  Granary. 

JOHN  FRANKLYN,  Boston,  tallow  chandler ;  relation 
of  Dr.  Benjamin  ;  was  Post  Master,  and  died  at  Boston, 
5an.  30th,  1756,  aged  67.  Dr.  F.  was  chosen  Colonel 
of  the  Philadelphia  Regiment,  February,  1756. 

ENSIGN  THOMAS  EDES,  Boston,  printer.  Ensign  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1762. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1739,  by  Samuel  Mather, 
Boston— 1st  Sam.  XVII.  31st.  Printed. 


1740. 

CAPT.  JOHATHAN  GARY,  Boston.  Lieutenant  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1 762.  He  died  Dec.  29th,  1 801 ,  aged  85.  His 
grave-stone,  on  Copp's  Hill,  says  "  he  was  a  Univer- 
salist," — probably  one  of  the  first  converts  of  the  Rev. 
Mr.  John  Murray,  and  a  founder  of  the  first  Universalist 
Church.  The  first  Universalists  in  Boston  were  Trin- 
itarians and  believers  in  the  Atonement.  Much  oppo- 
sition was  shown  to  Murray.  At  one  of  his  early  meet- 
ings, the  Orthodox  besmeared  their  meeting-house  seats 
with  wheel  grease ;  but  the  late  Hon.  Rufus  King  very 
coolly  wiped  it  off  for  himself  and  the  ladies  in  the  pew 
with  his  white  handkerchief.  On  another  occasion, 
Murray  preached  in  the  Old  South  ;  neither  party  were 
allowed  to  take  the  pulpit ;  so  Mr.  Murray  held  a  dis- 
putation with  the  Old  South  minister,  Rev.  John  Bacon, 
afterwards  of  Stockbridge ;  and  some  of  the  hearers 
pelted  Murray  with  eggs.  Upon  his  return  from  meet- 
ing, his  garments  much  spotted,  he  was  asked  how  he 
was  treated :  "  Oh,  very  well, — 1  have  been  treated 
witti  Bacon  and  eggs." 

THOMAS  BAXTER. 


292 

MAJ.  NEWMAN  GREENOUGH,  Boston,  Esquire.  Major 
of  Boston  Regiment.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1755; 
Lieutenant  1757  ;  Captain  1758.  His  will,  proved  Feb. 
23d,  1781,  speaks  of  "  advanced  age."  Fireward  1770. 

ENSIGN  JOSEPH  BRADFORD,  Boston,  glazier.  Will 
proved  1787.  :^ 

JOHN  NICHOLS. 

BENJAMIN  GOLDTHWAIT,  Boston,  trader.  Died  March, 
1782. 

JOHN  HYLAND. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  ADAMS  ;  supposed  of  Braintree.  Will 
proved  1761. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1740,  by  Mather  By les,* 
Boston— 1st  Sam.  XVII.  45th.  Printed. 

1741. 

THOMAS  SNOW. 

i 
JOHN  DIXWELL,  Boston,  jeweller.     His  father,  John, 

was  a  goldsmith.  I  suppose  he  was  grandson  of  one  of 
King  Charles's  judges.  He  died  May,  1749. 

JOHN  MILLIKEN. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1741,  by  Samuel  Phillips, 
Andover — Judges  V.  18th.  Printed. 

1742. 
JOSEPH  BUTLER. 

LIEUT.  NATHAN  BLODGET. 

'to    fcl- 
*  Dr.  Mather  Byles  was  the  first  Congregational  Minister  who  appeared  in  the 

pulpit  at  Boston  in  a  gown  with  bands.  His  congregation  considered  it  popery. 
He  appeared  in  the  forenoon  habited  thus;  in  the  intermission,  the  deacons,  &c. 
waited  on  him,  and  he  was  obliged  to  lay  it  aside,  or  preach  to  bare  walls.  This 
dress  was  sent  a  present  to  him  by  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  with  whom  he 
is  said  to  have  corresponded.  The  year  following,  there  came  an  order  from  the 
British  government,  for  all  the  Judges  to  sit  on  the  bench  clothed  in  scarlet  cloaks 
and  large  white  wigs. 


293 

BENJAMIN  CHURCH,  Boston,  physician ;  father  of  the 
famous  Dr.  B.  Church ;  was  a  violent  Whig  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  Revolution,  but  when  the  tug  of  war 
came  on,  became  a  Tory.  An  Assessor,  1770.  He 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  1727. 

LIEUT.  JOSEPH  BELKNAP,  Boston;  son  of  Jeremiah, 
1724.  Died  at  Dover,  N.  H.  August,  1797,  aged  81. 
A  member  of  the  O.  S.  Church. 

CALEB  PHILLIPS. 
THOMAS  JOHNSTON,  JR. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1742,  by  John  Taylor, 
Milton— Prov.  XVI.  32d. 

1743. 

CAPT.  JACOB  HURD,  Boston,  merchant.  Died  at  Hal- 
ifax, N.  S.  aged  71.  He  was  one  of  the  first  settlers 
there.  There  was  one  of  the  same  name,  of  Roxbury, 
whose  inventory  appears  1758. 

KENELM  WIN  SLOW,  JR. 

CAPT.  JOHN  GORE,  Boston,  painter.  An  officer  of 
the  Boston  militia.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1758. 
His  tomb  is  No.  2,  Granary,  (repaired  1772.)  He  was 
the  father,  I  suppose,  of  the  late  Gov.  Gore. 

In  May,  1743,  Halberts  were  first  used  by  the  Sergeants;  and  it 
was  decided  that  the  Captain,  or  presiding  officer,  had  a  right  to 
make,  or  introduce,  any  motion. 

In  1743,  Lieut.  Col.  D.  Henchman,  afterwards  Commander,  intro- 
duced a  motion  to  have  a  duplicate  of  the  Records,  and  gave  a  book 
for  the  purpose.  The  transcript,  however,  was  not  completed  until 
1750.  Through  the  similar  foresight  of  Major  Thomas  Savage,  in 
1780,  Nathaniel  Barnes,  Clerk,  was  ordered  to  make  "  a  list  of  all 
the  officers'  names  of  this  Company,  which  have  been  since  their 
first  settlement,  as  far  as  any  account  is  to  be  found  thereof,  &c. ;" 
and  which  list  was  completed  September,  1681.  To  the  fidelity  of 
Barnes  we  are  indebted  for  the  preservation  of  the  roll  of  jnembers 


294 

and  list  of  officers  in  the  early  years  of  the  Company.  To  Hench- 
man we  are  no  less  indebted  for  the  preservation  of  Barnes's  doings, 
and  the  records  up  to  1750.  Much  of  the  original  is  lost ;  Hench- 
man's copy  is,  however,  entire.  The  Ar.  Co.  paid  the  Clerk  <£4  for 
this  transcript. 

At  the  same  time  the  Company,  having  somewhat  declined  in  annual 
admissions,  a  resolution  was  passed,  "  that  the  colours  (standard)  be 
hung  out  upon  our  training  days,  at  Major  Henchman's  corner,  (the 
south  corner  of  State  street  and  old  Cornhill,)  and  the  place  of  pa- 
rade to  be  the  Town  House."  The  lower  floor  of  the  State  House, 
(now  the  Post  Office,)  recently  stores  and  offices,  was  then  an  open 
area.  The  custom  of  placing  the  standard  there  in  the  morning,  to 
remain  as  a  notification  for  the  training,  until  the  Company  was 
formed,  was  long  adhered  to.  After  Faneuil  Hall  Armory  was  estab- 
lished there — which  Boston  was  obliged  to  furnish  for  the  Company, 
having  received  Keayne's  donation  for  the  purpose — the  Ar.  Co. 
held  their  meetings  and  formed  there.  The  Lieutenant  was  detach- 
ed with  a  platoon,  to  bring  the  standard  to  the  parade.  This  cere- 
mony was  abolished  in  1795.  It  was  a  stormy  day,  and  the  colors 
were  then  brought  from  Henchman's  corner,  for  the  last  time,  by 
Capt.  Joseph  Eaton.  Gen.  Arnold  Welles,  who  commanded  in  1812, 
when  a  boy,  served  his  time  in  that  store,  and  had  the  charge  of  the 
colors,  and  from  him  the  account  was  received. 

The  zeal  and  talents  of  several  commanders,  for  a  series  of  years, 
preserved  the  ancient  respectability  of  the  institution.  As  most  of 
the  members  resided  in  Boston,  most  of  the  commanders  were  se- 
lected from  among  them ;  but  the  election  of  Col.  Thaxter,  1 728  ; 
Gen.  Brattle,  1733;  Col.  Chandler,  1736;  Col.  Saltonstall,  Hon. 
Samuel  Watts,  and  others,  show  the  Company  occasionally  elected 
distinguished  men  from  various  parts  of  the  country. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1743,  by  William  Hooper, 
Boston— Gal.  VI.  14th. 

1744. 
CAPT.  JOHN  COMERIN,  Boston,  trader.  Inventory  1762. 

THOMAS  GREENOUGH,  Boston,  mathematical  instru- 
ment maker.  Will  dated  1785. 

ISAAC  CAZNEAU. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  STODDARD,  Boston  ;  probably  grand- 
son of  Anthony,  Ar.  Co.  1639.  He  commanded  a  com- 


295 

pany  against  the  Indians,  and  there  is  extant  a  printed 
sermon  on  the  occasion  of  their  departure,  by  Rev. 
Samuel  Checkley.  He  died  April  12th,  1763,  aged  64. 
His  grave-stone  stands  on  Copp's  Hill. 

ENSIGN  JOSEPH  GALE,  Boston,  upholsterer.  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1758.  Will  proved  1774. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1744,  by  Joseph  Parsons, 
Bradford— 2d  Sam.  XVII.  8th.  Printed. 

1745. 

ENSIGN  JEREMIAH  BELKNAP,  JR,  Boston  ;  son  of  Jer-' 
emiah,  1724.     Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1763.     A  mem- 
ber of  the  O.  S.  Church. 

JOHN  WEST,  Boston,  merchant.  Administration  1750. 
JOHN  WILSON. 

CAPT.  BENJAMIN  RUSSELL,  Boston,  housewright.  His 
will  names  his  sons,  Benjamin,  Ar.  Co.  1788,  John,  1792, 
Thomas,  (possibly  1769,)  and  five  others.  He  died  July 
9th,  1760,  aged  63, — grave-stone  in  the  Granary. 

BENJAMIN  WALCOTT,  Boston,  blacksmith. 

WILLIAM  BAKER. 

JOHN  BUTLER,  Boston,  cooper.     Died  June,  1748. 

CAPT.  JOHN  WENDELL,  3d,  Boston. 

JOSEPH  SHERBURNE. 

CAPT.  ENEAS  MACKAY,  Boston. 

Many  members  of  the  Ar.  Co.  took  an  active  part  as 
officers  in  the  siege  of  Louisburg,  this  year. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1745,  by  Thomas  Pren- 
tice, Charlestown — Isaiah  LXIII.  1st. 

1746. 
ALEXANDER  HILL. 

JOHN  AUSTIN. 


296 

SAMUEL  SWIFT,  Boston,  lawyer  ;  son  of  Col.  Samuel, 
1724.  Will  proved  June,  1776.  He  graduated  at  Har- 
vard College  1735.* 

COL.  SAMUEL  HENDLEY. 

MAJ.  SAMUEL  LIVERMORE,  (Watertown ;)  Major  of 
1st  regiment  militia. 

THOMAS  LAWLOR,  Boston. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1746,  by  Nathaniel  Walter, 
Roxbury— 2d  Tim.  IV.  7th,  8th.  Printed. 

1747.f 
THOMAS  MARCH. 

CAPT.  ONESIPHORUS  TILESTONE,  Boston,  housewright. 
Selectman.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1759;  Lieutenant 
1760;  Captain  1762.  His  mansion  was  in  Purchase 
street,  opposite  his  wharf,  which  still  bears  his  name. 
He  died  Nov.  27th,  1771,  aged  61.  Inventory  1772— 
mansion,  £633  6  8  ;  wharf  and  flats,  &c.  £2533  6  8  ; 
other  real  estate,  tools,  &c.  £4113  4  0,  lawful  money. 
Tomb  No.  5,  Granary. 

JONATHAN  LOWDER,  Boston  ;  son  of  William,  Ar.  Co. 
1708.  Administration  1769.  Member  of  the  Old  South 
Church. 

THOMAS  RAYMOND. 

COL.  JOSIAH  EDSON,  JR,  Bridgewater,  yeoman.  He 
was  a  wealthy,  intelligent  farmer — many  years  Select- 

*The  Register  of  1772  states  that  there  were  ten  Barristers  in  Boston,  and  that 
the  whole  number  of  Lawyers  in  Massachusetts  Province  then  was  fifty-one. 

t  This  year,  the  Council  books  of  records  were  burnt,  in  the  Court  House,  Nov. 
17th,  1747.  A  mob  set  fire  to  the  house  of  Col.  T.  Hutchinson,  in  North  square, 
in  which  his  valuable  papers  were  destroyed.  This  was  a  great  loss  in  the  early 
history  of  New  England.  At  this  time  the  militia  were  called  out  to  suppress  the 
mob,  and  were  notified  by  beat  of  drum.  This  had  been  the  early  mode  of  noti- 
fying trainings ;  it  was  also  the  only  mode  of  calling  the  people  together  for  re- 
ligious services,  until  bells  came  into  fashion  in  Boston. 


297 

man  and  Representative.  He  commanded  the  Bridge- 
water  regiment,  1772.  He  was  one  of  the  King's  Man- 
damus Council,  at  the  Revolution.  Doubting  the  pro- 
priety and  ability  of  resisting  tiie  mother  country,  he 
was  stigmatised  as  a  Tory.  The  good  people  of  B.  be- 
ing nearly  all  Whigs,  assembled  to  tar  and  feather  the 
old  man ;  and  the  mob  (several  hundred)  collected  in 
the  evening,  and  began  their  tumultuous  march.  The 
veneration  they  had  always  borne  him,  served  to  curb 
their  passions  as  they  approached,  and  it  was  found, 
when  within  half  a  mile  of  his  house,  that  the  mob  had 
imperceptibly  dwindled  to  ten ;  who  stopped  to  consider 
what  was  to  be  done,  and,  awed  by  his  amiable  charac- 
ter and  dignity,  concluded  quietly  to  return  to  their 
homes,  leaving  the  old  gentleman  to  enjoy  his  opinions 
without  molestation.  He  was  Judge  of  the  Common 

m  ni  ^u  r* 

Jrleas,  Plymouth  County. 
JOHN  EDWARDS,  JR. 

CAPT.  JOSIAH  WATERS,  Boston,  painter.  Ensign  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1760;  Lieutenant  1763;  Captain  1769. 
Administration  1785.  A  member  of  the  O.  S.  Church. 

CAPT.  WTILLIAM  HOMES,  Boston,  silversmith ;  father 
of  Lieut.  William,  1766.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co, 
1761 ;  Captain  1765.  His  place  of  business  and  abode 
was  in  Ann  street.  A  Fireward  in  1770.  A  member  of 

the  O.  S.  Church. 

O  *• 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1747,  by  William  Hobby, 

Reading— Ps.  LXXVIII.  9th,  10th.     Printed, 

.1;  ~~  not 

1748. 
EDWARD  COWELL,  JR. 

So  tenacious  had  the  Ar.  Co.  been  of  their  privileges, 
that  few  instances  are  found  of  interference.  April  1  st, 
1748,  was  appointed  for  a  town  meeting  in  Boston ; 


298 

but,  it  appearing  that  that  day  was  one  of  the  charter 
field  days,  "  the  meeting  was  declared  null  and  void,  as 
being  contrary  to  the  Artillery  charter."  A  similar  in- 
stance like  to  have  occurred  during  the  late  Mayoralty 
of  President  Quincy,  the  warrant  having  been  made 
out  ;  but  that  efficient  officer,  discovering  the  coinci- 
dence, immediately  countermanded  it. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1748,  by  Samuel  Dunbar, 
Stoughton—  Heb,  XI.  32d,  34th.     Printed. 

1749. 

WILLIAM  MORE,  Boston.    Member  of  the  Old  South 
Church. 

il  (ii^ilH)  l3i>;>ilh<rOO  t$}(Hgjh  i/iii;  1D> 
The  Ar.  Co.  found  themselves  embarrassed  by  the  Assessors  of 
Boston  taxing  the  Company  funds.  Having  reluctantly  paid  taxes  for 
three  years,  they,  by  their  Committee,  all  venerable  past  Command- 
ers, petitioned  the  Legislature  to  direct  the  taxes  to  be  refunded; 
and  that  in  future  their  property  should  not  be  subject  to  taxation. 
This  petition  contains  much  spirit,  in  claiming  their  rights,  and  pat- 
riotism in  the  public  service.  It  was  thereupon,  "  in  Council,  June 
15th,  1749,  read,  and  ordered,  that  the  prayer  of  this  petition  be 
granted,  and  that  the  aforementioned  taxes,  imposed  on  the  Treas- 
urer of  the  Artillery  Company  aforesaid,  be  remitted  ;  and  it  is  hereby 
declared  that  the  donations  made,  or  to  be  made,  to  said  Company, 
shall  be  exempt  from  all  taxes  whatsoever,  until  this  Court  shall  or- 
der otherwise. 

"In  the  House  of  Representatives  —  Read  and  concurred. 

"J.  DWIGHT,  Speaker. 
"  Consented  to.  S.  PHIPS,  Governor." 


Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1749,  by  Ellis  Gray,  Bos- 
ton— Micah  IV.  3d,  4th. 

1750. 

COL.  JOHN  LEVERETT,  Boston,  Esquire  ;  a  descend- 
ant of  Gov.  J.  Leverett  ;  Lieut.  Colonel  of  Boston  regi- 
ment, 1772;  afterwards  Colonel,  and  resigned  1773. 
Administration  July,  1777. 


299 

BRIG.  GEN.  ISAAC  ROYAL,  Medford;  Brig.  General, 
1761,  being  the  first  of  that  title  among  Americans. 
He  founded  the  Professorship  of  Law,  in  Harv.  College  ; 
left  this  country  April  16th,  1775r  and  I  presume  died 
in  England,  as  his  will  was  dated  at  Kensington,  £ngr 
land. 

THOMAS  NEWMAN. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1750,  by  Andrew  Eliot, 
Boston—  2d  Chron.  VI.  7th,  8th. 


1751. 
THOMAS  HUBBART. 

JOHN  COBURN,  Boston,  merchant  ;  died  January,  1  SOS, 
aged  78. 

JOHN  BRIDGE. 

CAPT.  DANIEL  GOOKIN,  Boston,  bookseller;  a  de- 
scendant of  Maj.  Gen.  Gookin,  1645.  Inventory,  1752. 

NATHANIEL  BAKER. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1751,  by  Samuel  Cooper, 
Boston  —  2d  Kings  V.  1st.  Printed. 

1752. 

ENSIGN  SAMUEL  TORREY,  JR,  Boston,  merchant; 
Clerk  of  the  Ar.  Co.  ;  Ensign,  1765.  He  died  Nov. 
18th,  1768,  aged  42.  Tomb  in  the  Granary.  A  mem- 
ber of  the  O.  S.  Church. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1752,  by  Ebenezer  Bridge, 
Chelmsford—  Acts  X.  1st,  2d.  Printed. 

No  members  were  admitted  in  1753. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1753,  by  Samuel  Cooke, 
Cambridge—  1st  Sam.  XVII.  38th,  39th. 


300 


1754. 

MAJ.  GEN.  WILLIAM  HEATH,  Roxbury,  yeoman ;  son 
of  William.  At  the  age  of  twenty-nine,  when  a  private 
citizen,  he  joined  the  Ar.  Co.  1754.  His  memoirs*  say, 
that  his  becoming  a  member  recommended  him  to  the 
Colonel  of  the  first  regiment  in  Suffolk,  and  he  was  ap- 
pointed Captain  of  the  company  injloxbury,  and  rose 
to  be  Colonel.  It  has  been  frequently  said  by  old  mem- 
bers, that  Gen.  Heath,  and  other  Roxbury  and  Dor- 
chester members,  used  to  walk  into  Boston,  with  their 
guns,  &c.  to  attend  drill  meetings.  The  Ar.  Co.  then 
had  no  armory.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1768 ;  Cap- 
tain, 1770. 

Gen.  Heath  was  one  of  the  first  five  general  officers 
appointed  in  the  revolutionary  army,  at  Cambridge, 
Feb.  9th,  1775.  During  the  war  he  continued  active 
in  the  cause  of  his  country,  and  his  memoirs  exhibit  a 
detailed  account  of  his  various  and  important  services. 
On  disbanding  the  army,  Gen.  Heath  retired  as  a  Major 
General.  His  writings,  under  the  signature  of  "  A  Mili- 
tary Countryman,"  were  productive  of  much  good.  He 
was  a  Representative,  1761,  from  Roxbury;  Senator 
and  Councillor,  1791-2.  His  patriotic  services  induced 
his  fellow  citizens  to  propose  him  for  Governor,  or 
Lieut.  Governor,  but  he  was  always  unsuccessful  until 
1806,  when  he  was  elected  Lieut.  Governor.  He  de- 
clined, however,  to  accept,  and  refused  to  be  qualified. 
Gen.  Heath  was  chosen  by  the  people,  1812,  an  Elector 
of  President,  and  was  President  of  the  College  of  Elect- 
ors, the  whole  of  whom  voted  for  De  Witt  Clinton. 
On  this  electoral  ticket  he  was  run  in  opposition  to  Ex- 
President  Adams,  and  considered  his  success  as  the 
happiest  victory  in  his  life. 

*  Written  by  himself ;  containing  much  information  relative  to  the  war  of  the 
Revolution. 


301 

In  1768,  several  regiments  of  British  troops  were  in 
Boston.  On  a  field  day,  under  command  of  Capt.  Heath, 
then  Lieutenant,*  it  appearing  probable  that  the  Ar. 
Co.  would  not  leave  the  Common  until  after  the  roll-call 
of  the  troops,  their  commanding  officer  sent  orders  that 
he  must  retire  without  beat  of  drum,  and  that  there 
must  be  no  firing  at  the  deposit  of  their  standard.  The 
Company  opposed  a  compliance ;  but  Lieut.  Heath, 
conceiving  it  his  duty  to  comply  with  the  orders  of  a 
superior  officer  in  his  Majesty's  service,  marched  to 
Faneuil  Hall  in  silence,  and  without  firing.  This  ap- 
peared to  some  of  the  members  an  infringement  of  their 
privileges.  One  Hopestill  Capen,  then  Orderly,  resent- 
ed it  so  highly,  that  he  went  to  the  top  of  his  house, 
and  fired  his  musket  three  times,  and  even  many  years 
after  would  not  vote  for  Gen.  Heath.  No  one  can  doubt 
the  patriotism  of  Gen.  H. ;  he  was  guided  by  that  dis- 
cretion which  ever  ought  to  characterize  a  commander. 
He  lived  to  an  advanced  age,  and  died  universally  la- 
mented. His  funeral  was  attended  by  the  Ar.  Co.  though 
he  had  ceased  to  be  a  member,  from  respect  to  his 
amiable  character  and  patriotism.  He  was  a  genuine 
republican,  affable  in  his  manners,  and  firm  in  his  prin- 
ciples. 

CAPT.  DANIEL  JONES,  Boston  ;  Deacon  of  West 
Church. 

COL.  DAVID  MASON,  Boston.  A  founder  and  first 
Captain  of  "  the  Train  of  Artillery,"  attached  to  Boston 
Regiment,  founded  about  1763,  and  who  paraded  with 
one  cannon  only  at  the  funeral  of  Col.  John  Phillips. 
It  was  formed  soon  after  the  Cadets,  and  the  present 
South  End  Artillery  are  their  successors.  Capt.  Mason 
served  under  Col.  Knox,  as  his  Lieut.  Colonel,  in  a 

• '         j  'f '  \  ? 

*  It  was  customary  before  the  Revolution,  and  so  continued  until  recently,  to  give 
the  Lieutenant  the  privilege  of  command  one  field  day  during  the  year. 


302 

regiment  of  artillery  in  the  Continental  Army.  Gen, 
Knox  was  a  bookbinder,  and  pursued  that  occupation, 
opposite  the  west  end  of  the  Town  (Old  State)  House; 
and  was  a  founder  of  a  corps  of  Grenadiers  in  Boston, 
among  whom  he  acquired  the  first  rudiments  of  military 
tactics.  When  promoted,  Col.  Mason  succeeded  him 
as  Colonel,  and  was  an  able  officer. 

COL.  THOMAS  DAWES,  JR,  Boston,  bricklayer.  Born 
at  Boston,  August  5th,  1731.  One  of  the  first  great 
mechanics  of  Boston.  His  mansion  was  in  Purchase 
street,  near  Capt.  Tileston's.  He  was  father  of  the  late 
venerable  Judge  Dawes. 

He  commenced  his  military  career  as  Adjutant  of 
Boston  Regiment,  and  commanded  the  central  militia 
company,  whose  place  of  parade  was  behind  the  first 
Church,  or  Cornhill  square.  During  his  command  of 
that  company  he  introduced  an  improvement  in  music. 
Before  that  time  no  martial  music  was  used  on  training 
days  but  the  drum.  He  employed  a  man,  with  but  one 
eye,  who  played  the  clarionet,  and  he  caused  him  to 
march  about  eight  paces  in  front.  Marigolds  were  then 
used  as  cockades.  He  was  Major  of  Boston  Regiment, 
1771,  under  Col.  Erving;  Lieut.  Colonel  under  Col, 
Leverett;  and  in  1773,  Colonel,  which  office  he  held 
till  the  Provincial  Government  was  abolished.  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1761,  Lieutenant  1765,  Captain  1766 

and  1773. 

• 

Upon  the  adoption  of  the  State  Constitution,  he  be- 
came an  intimate  friend  of  Hancock,  and  began  to  fig- 
ure in  public  life  ;  for  which  his  talents,  industry,  wealth 
and  patriotism  well  qualified  him.  He  was  Representa- 
tive, Senator  and  Councillor.  In  private  life  he  was 
active,  firm,  charitable  and  affable.  He  was  Deacon  of 
O.  S.  Church,  1786.  I  shall  never  forget  his  venerable 
appearance,  grave  deportment,  rich  dress  and  silver 


303 

locks,  when  constantly  on  the  Sabbath  he  walked  up 
the  broad  aisle.  Early  impressions  identified  him  with 
true  piety.  He  died*  at  Boston,  January  9th,  1809. 
There  is  a  neat  white  marble  monument  over  his  tomb, 
in  the  Chapel  ground. 

CAPT.  BENJAMIN  ANDREWS,  Boston. 
JOSEPH  MANN. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  CARNES,  Boston ;  son  of  Lieut.  Colo- 
nel John,  1733. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1754,  by  Samuel  Porter, 
Sherburne— Rom.  XII.  18th. 

1755. 

HENRY  PERKINS. 

FRANCIS  WHITMAN,  Boston,  shipwright ;  living  in  1760. 
WILLIAM  HYSLOP,  Brookline. 
ISAAC  DECOSTER. 

MAJ.  EDWARD  CARNES,  Boston,  ropemaker;  son  of 
Lieut.  Col.  John,  1733.  He  was  probably  the  last 
Major  of  Boston  Regiment  before  the  revolution ;  En- 
sign of  the  Ar.  Co.  1766;  Lieutenant  1769.  He  died 
in  August,  1782. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  DYER. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  WHITWELL,  Boston.  An  officer  of  the 
Revolution.  Died  at  Boston,  June,  1801,  aged  84. 

CAPT.  JOHN  JOY,  Boston,  housewright. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  BARRETT,  Boston,  sailmaker ;  proba- 
bly grandson  of  Lieut.  Samuel,  1717.  Lieutenant  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1766;  Captain  1771 ;  and  on  the  first  field 
day,  Sept.  2d,  1771,  "  a  new  stand  of  colours  was  pre- 
sented the  Ar.  Co.  by  him."  He  was  Deacon  of  the 

*He  died  January  2d,  1809,  says  O.  S.  Catalogue  of  Church  Members. 


304 

New  North  Church — an  industrious  and  pious  man.  He 
died  August  25th,  1798.  Monday,  Sept.  3d,  1798,  the 
Ar.  Co.  completed  the  field  day  duty  by  attending  his 
funeral,  with  side  arms,  in  uniform.  During  the  Revo- 
lution, there  were  some  attempts  to  revive  the  Com- 
pany. In  1783  and  1784,  there  were  several  meetings, 
which  failed  of  success.  Capt.  Barrett  acted  as  Clerk, 
and  preserved  a  regular  record  of  their  doings,  attested 
by  him,  and  the  names  of  persons  present.  This  paper, 
after  his  decease,  was  found,  and  the  hand-writing  prov- 
ing genuine,  has  been  inserted  among  the  records. 

BARNABAS  CLARKE. 
CAPT.  SAMUEL  BALLARD. 
CAPT.  JOHN  FORSYTH,  Boston. 

CAPT.  BENJAMIN  PHILLIPS,  Boston.   Died  at  Lincoln, 
May,  1792,  aged  76. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1755,  by  Thaddeus  Mac- 
carty,  Worcester— Ps.  LXVIII.  30th. 

1756. 

SETH  BLODGET. 
BENJAMIN  BROWN,  JR. 

ENSIGN  JONAS  CLARK,  Boston,  Esquire.     Ensign  of 
the  Ar.  C.  1770. 

BENJAMIN  DOLBEARE,  Boston,  merchant.  Will,  proved 
1787,  speaks  of  advanced  age. 

JOHN  WOODS. 

CAPT.  NATHANIEL  RIDGEWAY. 

CAPT.  JONATHAN  GARY,  Boston ;  son  of  Jonathan, 
1740. 

MAJ.  WILLIAM  BELL,  Boston,  bricklayer,  or  house- 
wright.     Lived  in  Hawkins  street.     Deacon  of  the  sec- 


305 

ond  (New  Brick)  Church.  JLnsign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1767 ; 
Lieutenant  1771 ;  Captain  1774 ;  and  he  reassumed  the 
command  in  1786.  He  presented  the  Ar.  Co.  with  two 
espontoons,  which,  after  the  Revolution,  were  adopted 
as  the  baton  of  office  for  the  Commander  and  Lieuten- 
ant, instead  of  the  leading-staff,  or  pike,  and  half-pike. 
After  the  battle  of  Lexington,  the  people  were  all 
actively  engaged  in  resisting  the  arbitrary  power  of 
Great  Britain.  Many  members  were  engaged  in  the 
war,  as  Continental  officers,  and  those  who  were  not 
were  so  dispersed  as  to  render  meetings  impracticable. 
To  illustrate,  however,  the  feelings  and  conduct  of  the 
people  of  that  day,  an  anecdote,  related  by  a  bystander, 
is  here  introduced  : — 

In  1775,  before  the  Ar.  Co.  suspended  its  meetings,  the  Common 
was  occupied  by  the  British  army,  and  the  Ar.  Co.  were  refused  ad- 
mittance. Capt.  Bell,  therefore,  marched  to  Copp's  Hill.  Soon 
after  the  bridge  over  Charles  river  was  built,  there  was  a  complaint 
against  the  street  at  the  foot  of  this  hill.  It  was  supposed  the  pro- 
prietors of  that  part  of  the  hill  enclosed  from  Snowhill  street,  ought 
to  repair  the  wharf  and  street  at  their  own  expense.  This  led  to  en- 
quiry, in  town  meeting,  to  whom  it  belonged ;  some  one  said  it  be- 
longed to  this  Company.  Col.  Jackson,  their  Treasurer,  was  sent 
for,  and  declared  that  he  considered  it  their  property,  a  mortgage 
upon  it  to  them  having  long  since  run  out,  and  that  Capt.  Bell,  with 
the  Company,  had  taken  possession  of  it  in  1775.  Capt.  Bell  was 
then  interrogated  by  Col.  Dawes,  the  Moderator :  Why  did  you 
march  your  Company  to  Copp's  Hill  ?  Answer  :  I  was  prohibited 
from  entering  the  Common  ;  conceiving  this  hill  to  be  the  property 
of  the  Company,  I  marched  them  there,  as  a  place  no  one  had  a  right 
to  exclude  them  from.  Question  by  Moderator  :  Supposing  a  party 
of  British  troops  should  have  been  in  possession  of  it,  and  should 
have  forbidden  you  entrance,  what  would  you  have  done?  Answer: 
I  would  have  charged  bayonets,  and  forced  my  way  as  surely  as  I 
would  force  my  way  into  my  dwelling  house,  if  taken  possession  of 
by  a  gang  of  thieves.  The  late  Col.  William  Tudor,  who  was  then 
present,  said  :  "  Mr.  Moderator,  the  hill  clearly  belongs  to  that  Com- 
pany, and  I  wish  they  would  execute  a  quit-claim  deed  of  it  to  me 
for  a  fair  price."  The  mortgage  was  discharged  afterwards,  and  the 
street  repaired  by  the  town. 

39 


306 

A  senior  Captain  of  a  regiment,  before  the  war,  rank- 
ed as  Major.  It  was  thus  Capt.  Bell  gained  his  rank. 
He  was  a  strict  disciplinarian,  and  tenacious  of  adhering 
to  the  most  ancient  ceremonies.  The  Ar,  Co.  are  prin- 
cipally indebted  to  him  for  its  revival ;  and,  being  ad- 
vanced in  years,  he  was  elected  an  honorary  member, 
and  continued  such  to  his  death.  It  was  not  unusual, 
in  those  days,  for  men  of  seventy  years  of  age  to  do 
active  duty.  Deacon  Bell  was  admired  for  his  firmness 
and  integrity  in  private  life ;  the  services  he  rendered 
to  this  institution  place  him  among  its  most  distinguish- 
ed patrons. 

CAPT.  ROBERT  JENKINS,  3d,  Boston,  merchant.  He 
was  Clerk  of  Trinity  Church.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1769;  Lieutenant  1772;  Captain  1790.  He  died  at 
Boston,  August  20th,  1797,  aged  63,  and  was  buried 
from  his  house  in  Summer  street,  the  Ar.  Co.  in  uniform 
and  side-arms,  preceding  the  corpse.  His  widow  mar- 
ried the  late  Deacon  Grant. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  RIDGEWAY,  JR,  Boston ;  brother  of 
Capt.  Nathaniel,  1756. 

JAMES  BENNETT. 

CAPT.  JOHN  DEMING,  Boston,  merchant.  Ensign  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1771.  A  member  of  the  O.  S.  Church. 

COL.  EDWARD  PROCTOR,  Boston.  A  revolutionary 
officer.  Tomb  No.  16,  Copp's  Hill.  Grandson  of  Ed- 
ward Porter,  1699. 

DANIEL  BOYER,  Boston.     Member  of  O.  S.  Church. 

Sept.  6th,  1756,  it  was  "  voted  that  every  member  of 
this  Company  have  a  bayonet  fitted  to  his  firelock,  as 
soon  as  may  be." 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1756,  by  Ebenezer  Pem- 
berton,  Boston — Heb.  XI.  34th.  Printed. 


307 

1757. 

SAMUEL  EMMES. 
JOHN  HEAD,  Boston. 
JOHN  SOLEY. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1757,  by  Samuel  Check- 
ley,  jr,  Boston — Isaiah  XIII.  4th,  5th. 

1758. 

NATHANIEL  LORING,  Boston,  merchant.     Inventory 
1770. 

CAPT.  EDWARD  JACKSON. 

v  f ; 
COL.  NATHANIEL  BARBER,  JR,  Boston,  merchant.    A 

revolutionary  officer. 

CAPT.  EDWARE  LYDE,  Boston,  merchant.  Refugee ; 
son  of  Capt.  Edward. 

JOHN  DOWNE. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  MURRAY.  i  *iv; 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  BOARDMAN,  Boston. 

RICHARD  BOYLSTON,  Charlestown.  Died  June  30th, 
1809,  aged  85. 

CAPT.  MOSES  PECK,  Boston.  Died  March,  1801, 
aged  83.  Member  of  the  O.  S.  Church. 

CAPT.  DAVID  JENKIN. 
CAPT.  JAMES  CUNNINGHAM. 
THOMAS  DEERING. 

THOMAS  SYMMES,  Boston ;  only  son  of  Lieut.  Col. 
John,  1733. 

CAPT.  DAVID  SPEAR,  Boston,  cooper.  Ensign  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1768. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1758,  by  Thomas  Bar- 
nard, Salem — Isaiah  LIV.  16th,  17th.  Printed. 


308 


1759. 

CAPT.  JOB  WHEELWRIGHT,  Boston,  cooper.  Admin- 
istration 1770. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  SKINNER.     Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1772. 
PETER  VERSTILE,  Boston,  merchant ;  living  in  1774. 

ENSIGN  JOSEPH  GALE,  JR,  Boston ;  son  of  Joseph, 
1744. 

LIEUT.  CHRISTOPHER  CLARK,  Boston,  merchant. 

MAJ.  RICHARD  BOYNTON,  Boston.  Ensign  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1764;  Lieutenant  1767.  Deacon.  Died  March, 
1794,  aged  74. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  SIMPSON. 

JOSIAH  SALISBURY,  Boston,  merchant.  Deacon  of 
the  O.  S.  Church,  1794,  and  wealthy.  He  was  one  of 
the  last  who  wore  the  old  cocked  hats.  It  was  always 
known  if  he  had  money  to  let,  without  asking  him  ;  for 
if  he  had,  he  always  wore  the  front  peak  of  his  hat  high 
up  when  he  walked  down  to  the  Exchange,  and  low 
down  was  always  sad  foreboding  to  borrowers.  He  died 
May2d,  1318. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1759,  by  Amos  Adams, 
Roxbury— Matt.  X.  34th.  Printed. 

1760. 

CAPT.  BENJAMIN  EDES,  Boston,  printer,  of  the  firm  of 
Edes  &  Gill;  son  of  Thomas,  1739. 

COL.  ANDREW  SYMMES,  JR,  Boston,  merchant.  Died 
April  llth,  1797,  aged  62. 

LIEUT.  JACOB  HOLLAND. 

ENSIGN  MOSES  PITCHER,  Boston.  Member  of  the 
O.  S.  Church. 


309 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  DAWES,  Boston.  Tomb  in  the  Chap- 
el ground. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1760,  by  Josiah  Sherman, 
Woburn— Ps.  CXL.  6th. 

1761. 

COL.  THOMAS  MARSHALL,  Boston,  tailor ;  son  of 
Capt.  Christopher,  1724.  Major  of  Boston  Regiment 
1765,  and  Lieut.  Colonel  1767  to  1771.  Captain  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1763  and  1767.  Col.  Marshall  died  at  Weston, 
Mass.  Nov.  18th,  1800.  The  following  obituary  ap- 
peared Nov.  26th,  1800  :— 

"  His  unblemished  morals,  even  from  early  youth,  have  done  honor 
to  the  Christian  religion,  which  he  firmly  believed  and  publicly  pro- 
fessed. The  first  and  principal  part  of  his  life  was  spent  in  Boston, 
where  he  was  a  worthy  and  useful  citizen,  fair  in  his  dealings,  to  the 
needy,  helpful — to  his  friends,  generous — to  strangers,  hospitable — 
to  all,  courteous — in  his  municipal  offices,  faithful — in  his  military 
character,  distinguished.  In  the  Revolution,  Col.  Marshall  com- 
manded a  regiment ;  displaying  his  love  to  his  country  by  his  zeal  in 
her  cause,  and  personal  bravery.  He  settled  in  (Weston,)  where, 
retired  from  the  bustle  of  the  world,  he  has  uniformly  practised  the 
social  and  relative  duties ;  and  his  numerous  friends  and  relatives, 
particularly  his  very  respectable  widow,  can  testify  with  great  sensi- 
bility, that  his  path  of  life  has  resembled  '  the  rising  light,  that  shines 
more  and  more  unto  the  perfect  day.' " 

MAJ.  JAMES  CUNNINGHAM,  Boston,  painter ;  born  at 
B.  April  24th,  1721  ;  father  of  Maj.  Andrew,  1786. 
Major  of  Boston  Regiment,  1767  to  1771.  Lieutenant 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1764;  Captain  1768.  Died  at  B.  June 
5th,  1795. 

CAPT.  JEREMIAH  STIMPSON. 

SANDERSON  WEST,  Boston.     Will  proved  1770. 

MAJ.  NATHANIEL  THWING,  Boston  ;  son  of  Col.  N.  T. 
1736. 


310 

CAPT.  MARTIN  GAT,  Boston,  brass  founder;  son  of 
Rev.  Dr.  Ebenezer,  of  Hingham.  Captain  of  militia. 
He  was  included  in  the  absentee  act.  He  lived,  how- 
ever, to  realize  the  benefits  of  a  free  government.  I 
had  frequent  opportunities  of  hearing  him  converse.  It 
was  not  for  want  of  love  for  his  country  that  he  became 
a  Tory,  but,  having  large  property,  and  fearing  the 
ability  to  resist  with  success  the  power  of  the  mother 
country,  were  the  causes  of  his  adopting  that  side,  as 
many  of  the  most  considerate  men  in  the  country  did 
from  like  motives.  The  period  has  arrived  when  we 
can  look  back  and  with  candor  attribute  to  many  of 
that  class  good  motives  for  their  conduct.  He  secretly 
wished  for  his  country's  success.  His  latter  days  were 
spent  in  retirement,  and  the  pleasures  of  the  family 
circle,  in  which  he  appeared  amiable  and  happy.  Lieu- 
tenant of  the  Ar.  Co.  1770;  Captain  1772.  He  died 
January,  1 809,  aged  82,  and  was  buried  in  his  tomb, 
No.  6,  Granary.  He  was  a  Fireward  in  1770,  and  Dea- 
con of  West  Church. 

JOHN  WEBB,  JR,  Boston,  merchant. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JOSEPH  WEBB,  Boston,  trader ;  brother 
of  John.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1773.  An  officer  in 
the  Revolution.  Will  dated  in  1787. 

Soon  after  the  establishment  of  the  Cadets,  and  "  Train  of  Artil- 
lery," a  Company  was  formed  among  the  students  in  Harvard  Col- 
lege. They  applied  to  Gov.  Hutchinson  for  arms,  but,  as  they  were 
mostly  opposed  to  the  mother  country,  he  reluctantly  yielded  to  their 
request,  and  avoided,  as  long  as  possible,  to  sign  an  order  for  their 
delivery.  These  young  heroes,  not  discouraged,  procured  wooden 
guns,  and  were  reviewed  (using  them)  while  the  Superior  Court  was 
in  session  at  Cambridge,  by  the  Judges,  &-c.  This  corps  was  "  super- 
seded" during  the  Revolution,  revived  during  the  administration  of 
Gov.  Gerry,  and  abolished  by  President  Quincy. 

The  institution  of  the  Cadets  and  "  Train  of  Artillery"  probably 
served  to  lessen  admissions  into  the  Ar.  Co.,  and  as  it  had  been  de- 
clining, a  Committee  was  chosen  "  to  consider  some  method  for  the 


311 

advantage  and  unity  of  the  Company."  April  field-day,  1761,  the 
two  following  resolutions  were  adopted  : — 

"  1st.  That  when  any  person  offers  himself  for  admission,  he  shall 
be  publicly  proposed,  and  stand  candidate  one  term ;  that  so,  none 
may  be  admitted  but  persons  of  good  repute,  who  are  able  and  wil- 
ling to  attend  on  training  days,  and  bear  their  part  of  the  expense. 

"2d.  That  the  members  of  the  Company  duly  attend  their  duty 
on  training  days,  study  for  peace,  unity  and  good  order  among  them- 
selves ;  that  so  they  may  encourage  the  officers  of  the  militia  and 
other  suitable  persons  to  join  them,  and  support  the  credit  and  use- 
fulness of  the  Company,  always  keeping  to  those  good  and  whole- 
some rules,  by  which  the  Company  has  subsisted  for  123  years." 

These  resolutions,  adopted  while  Col.  William  Taylor  was  Com- 
mander, produced  the  desired  effect ;  for,  upon  comparing  the  roster 
of  Boston  Regiment,  of  1770,  with  the  roll,  we  find  that,  of  the  forty- 
four  commissioned  officers  of  the  regiment,  including  the  "  Train  of 
Artillery,"  every  officer,  field,  platoon,  or  staff,  excepting  one  Lieu- 
tenant and  five  Ensigns,  were  members  of  the  Ancient.  It  is  proba- 
ble they  reverted  back  to  Keayne's  advice. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1761,  by  Jason  Haven, 
Dedham— Prov.  XVI.  32d.  Printed. 

1762. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  PHILLIPS,  Boston ;  born  August 
29th,  1737;  merchant;  youngest  son  of  Col.  John, 
1 725.  Married  Margaret,  daughter  of  Col.  Jacob  Wen- 
dell, and  died  December,  1771. 

THOMAS  STEVENSON,  Boston.  After  failing  in  trade, 
he  was  long  a  Constable,  and  lived  to  a  venerable  age, 
being  one  of  the  last  who  kept  up  the  ancient  dignity  of 
that  office. 

COL.  ADINO  PADDOCK,  Boston,  chair-maker.  Lived 
in  Tremont  street,  opposite  the  .Granary  burial-ground, 
the  venerable  elms  in  front  of  which  he  planted.  He 
was  a  British  Colonel.  Fireward  1770.  He  succeeded 
Capt.  Mason  as  Commander  of  the  "  Train  of  Artillery," 
1668.  Under  Paddock,  who  was  a  complete  Artillery- 
man, this  Company  became  a  celebrated  military  school, 


312 

t 

and  furnished  many  excellent  officers  in  the  revolution- 
ary army,  some  unknown.  He  was  a  Loyalist,  or  Tory, 
and  left  the  town  when  the  British  troops  evacuated  it, 
and  never  returned.  He  was  afterwards  appointed  Gov- 
ernor of  one  of  the  British  W.  I.  islands,  where  he  died. 
Most  of  the  Ar.  Co.  were  high  Whigs.  Col.  P.  was  in- 
cluded in  the  absentee  act.  His  real  estate  was  £2531 
17  6,  lawful  money;  personal,  only  71  5  7.  His  adver- 
tisements in  the  newspapers  of  that  day,  say,  "  at  his 
shop  in  Longacre,  Common  street."  In  one,  he  offered 
"  a  guinea  reward  for  the  detection  of  the  person  who 
hacked  his  trees  in  front  of  his  shop — as  said  trees  were 
planted  and  cultivated  at  considerable  expense." 

CAPT.  CALEB  CHAMPNEY,  Dorchester.     Died  June, 
1803,  aged  63. 

On  the  records,  May  3d,  1762,  we  find  the  following, 
^among  other  propositions  : — 

""  1st.  That  the  Company  for  the  future  break  up  at  Faneuil  Hall, 
should  leave  be  obtained  of  the  Selectmen  for  that  purpose. 

"  3d.  That  the  Governor,  Council,  &,c.  be  invited,  on  the  Anni- 
versary Election  of  Officers  as  formerly,  to  dine  at  Faneuil  Hall. 
The  expense  to  be  paid  as  usual. 

"  3d.  The  Governor,  Council,  &c.  after  the  election  of  officers, 
to  be  invited  and  entertained  as  usual,  (at  Faneuil  Hall,)  the  ex- 
pense to  be  equally  paid  by  the  commissioned  officers  for  the  year 
ensuing." 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1762,  by  Samuel  Locke, 
Sherburne. 

1763. 

ELIAS  DUPEE,  Boston.  He  kept  a  school  in  Boston 
during  the  siege,  gratuitously. 

LIEUT.  HOPESTILL  CAPEN,  Boston,  shopkeeper.  This 
person  showed  resentment  at  Gen.  Heath's  complying 
with  the  orders  of  the  British  officers.  He  died  March 
2d,  1807,  aged  76 — grave  stone  on  Copp's  Hill. 


313 

v 
MAJ.  JOHN  PERKINS,  JR.     A  revolutionary  officer. 

LIEUT.  BENJAMIN  EUSTISS,  Boston,  housewright.  His 
father  was  a  housewright.  He  was  the  father  of  the  late 

o 

Gov.  Eustiss.     The  name  was,  originally  Eustace,  and 
he  was  a  descendant  of  John,  Ar.  Co.  1711. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1763,  by  Thomas  Balch, 
Dedham— Daniel  IV.  35th.  Printed. 

1764. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  BROCAS,  Boston,  sailmaker.  Adminis- 
tration 1770.  He  died  aged  67. 

MAJ.  GEN.  JOHN  WINSLOW,  Marshfield,  husbandman. 
Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1765.  He  was  grandson  to  Gov. 
Josiah  Winslow,  of  Plymouth  Colony,  and  early  in  life 
became  a  military  character.  In  1740,  he  commanded 
a  company  in  the  regiment  sent  to  Cuba.  He  was 
Maj.  General  in  the  British  line,  and  had  the  chief  com- 
mand of  several  expeditions  to  Kennebec,  and  of  the 
provincial  forces  at  Fort  Edward,  in  1757.  Hutchin- 
son  says  "  he  was  younger  brother  to  Capt.  Josiah,  and 
possesses  the  same  martial  spirit."  He  was  Judge  of  the 
Common  Pleas,  and  died  at  Hingham  in  April,  1774, 
aged  71.  His  portrait,  with  those  of  his  ancestors,  are 
in  the  Mass.  Historical  Library.  His  sword  is  now 
transmitted  in  the  family.  His  bravery  was  proverbial, 
and  his  reputation  as  an  officer  excellent 

CAPT.  LEVI  JENNINGS. 

WILLIAM  HICKLING,  JR. 

MAJ.  THOMAS  BUMSTEAD,  Boston ;  a  descendant  of 
Thomas,  1764;  lived  on  the  ancestral  estate,  and  died 
May  8th,  1 828,  aged  88.  A  member  of  the  O.  S.  Church. 

CAPT.  JOHN  OSBORN,  JR,  Boston. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1764,  by  Samuel  Wood- 
ward, Weston— Gen.  XIV.  14th. 


314 


1765. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  ADAMS,  Boston,  printer.  Died  Sept. 
9th,  1796,  aged  53.  Tomb  No.  39,  Granary. 

TIMOTHY  THORNTON,  Boston,  paver.  Will  proved 
1770. 

CAPT.  JOHN  WELLS,  Boston ;  father  of  John,  1792. 
CAPT.  WILLIAM  HEATH,  Boston,  sailmaker. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  SELLON,  Boston,  farrier.  Tomb  in 
the  Chapel  ground. 

COL.  THOMAS  CRAFTS,  JR,  Boston ;  an  officer  in  the 
Revolution.  He  read  the  Declaration  of  Independ- 
ence from  the  balcony  of  the  Old  State  House,  first  in 
Boston.* 

JOHN  LEIGHTON. 

LIEUT.  SAMUEL  GRIDLEY,  Boston;  died  Oct.  1801, 
aged  67. 

LIEUT.  GEORGE  TROTT,  Boston. 

LIEUT.  EDWARD  TUCKERMAN,  Boston,  baker ;  Repre- 
sentative ;  died  July  17,  1818,  aged  78. 

CAPT.  JONATHAN  STOOD ARD,  Boston ;  died  January, 
1790.  One  of  the  five  founders  of  the  first  Universalist 
Society  in  Boston,  1785. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  ROGERS. 
CAPT.  CHRISTOPHER  MARSHALL. 

CAPT.  DIMOND  MORTON,  Boston ;  brother  of  Hon. 
Perez. 

LIEUT.  COL.  WILLIAM  PERKINS,  Boston;  officer  in 
the  Revolution ;  Captain  of  Castle  Island,  formerly  Cas- 
tle William,  now  Fort  Independence.  Died  Oct.  27th, 
1802,  aged  60. 

*  See  Thatcher's  Medical  Journal,  p.  55. 


315 

MAJ.  NATHANIEL  HEATH,  Boston. 

LIEUT.  ZEPHANIAH  HARTT,  Boston,  shipwright;  died 
1791. 

MAJ.  EPHRAIM  MAY,  Boston ;  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1773;  died  May,  1797,  aged  69.  Tomb  No.  124, 
on  the  Common. 

LIEUT.  COL.  SAMUEL  BRADLEY,  Boston ;  elected 
Lieut.  Colonel  of  Boston  Regiment  Oct.  10th,  1797; 
died  July  30th,  1798,  in  commission,  and  was  buried 
under  arms. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  CUNNINGHAM. 
CAPT.  SARSON  BELCHER. 
LIEUT.  DAVID  WHEELER,  JR. 

CAPT.  CLEMENT  COLLINS,  JR,  Boston  ;  died  Septem- 
ber, 1798,  aged  65. 

WILLIAM  TORREY,  Boston,  baker.     Inventory,  1769. 

CAPT.  JOHN  STUTSON,  Boston ;  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1774;  housewright. 

ENSIGN  ASA  STODDARD,  Boston,  bricklayer;  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1774.  Administration,  1787. 

CAPT.  EBENEZER  TORREY,  Boston ;  resided  at  Lan- 
caster several  years.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1787. 
He  died  March  14th,  1828.  In  1811,  he  presented  the 
Company  with  a  new  standard.  He  made  a  will  about 
that  time  in  which  he  gave  them  $750  in  bank  stock  ; 
his  children  having  all  deceased  and  grandchildren 
being  well  off,  but  some  young  members  of  that  day 
made  remarks  relative  to  the  old  members  who  attended 
the  drill  meetings  regularly,  to  see  the  younger  mem- 
bers exercise,  enjoying  the  scene,  and  hovering  about 
the  Company  in  the  field  also.  These  remarks  hurt 
their  feelings,  broke  up  the  custom,  and  coming  to  his 
ears,  he  made  a  new  will  and  gave  the  legacy  to  others. 


316 

A  solemn  warning  to  those  who  make  themselves  too 
officious  before  they  have,  by  long  service,  become 
acquainted  with  the  customs.  He  was  buried  in  his 
tomb,  No.  4,  Granary.  The  Ar.  Co.  attended  his 
funeral. 

LIEUT.  SAMUEL  SEARLE,  Boston,  tailor.  A  revolu- 
tionary officer,  and  Lieutenant  in  Col.  Crafts'  regi- 
ment. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1765 ;  by  Gad  Hitchcock, 
Pembroke.  Printed. 

1766. 

BENJAMIN  ROMANS,  Boston;  died  1802,  aged  61. 
JONATHAN  FARNAM,  JR,  Boston,  hairdresser. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JOHN  POPKIN,  JR,  Boston ;  died  at 
Maiden,  May  8th,  1827,  aged  85.  He  was  father  of 
Rev.  John,  the  learned  Professor  of  Greek  in  Harvard 
College.  A  revolutionary  officer  and  long  an  officer 
of  the  customs.  After  he  was  eighty  years  old  he 
walked  into  Boston  from  Maiden  to  the  custom-house. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  HOMES,  JR,  Boston,  silversmith 
in  Ann  street ;  member  of  the  O.  S.  Church.  A  man 
of  small  stature,  pious,  amiable,  and  much  beloved. 
A  few  days  before  his  death  he  was  a  -witness  in  the 
Supreme  Court,  on  the  trial  of  the  Price  will  contro- 
versy between  Trinity  Church  and  King's  Chapel ;  it 
was  a  severe  cold  day,  and  the  old  gentleman  never 
went  out  of  his  house  after.  He  died  Feb.  1 825,  aged 
83. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1 766 ;  by  John  Brown, 
Hingham. 

In  1767,  no  members  admitted. 
Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1767,  by  Daniel  Shute, 
Hingham — Eccles.  IX.  18th.     Printed. 


317 

1768. 

LIEUT.  CHARLES  WILLIAMS,  Boston. 
CAPT.  NATHANIEL  WATERMAN,  Boston. 

MAJ.  WILLIAM  DAWES,  JR,  Boston.  Member  of 
the  Old  South.  • 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  HOOGS,  Newton ;  removed  to  Can- 
ada, and  in  crossing  the  lakes  was  drowned,  with  his 
whole  family. 

CAPT.  JACOB  WILLIAMS,  Boston,  merchant,  was 
shipwrecked  on  the  coast  of  Africa,  and  one  of  the 
survivors  who  reached  Macao  after  great  suffering,  as 
related  in  Saunders's  Journal.  He  went  to  Vermont, 
where  he  died  at  an  advanced  age  in  1821  or  2. 

MICHAEL  HOMER,  Boston ;  died  at  Hopkinton  aged 
69. 

JOHN  GREENLEAFE. 

SAMUEL  CONDON,  Boston,  Clerk  of  Ar.  Co. ;  died 
March  12th,  1775,  aged  28. 

CAPT.  JOHN  NEWALL,  Boston,  cooper;  died  1792, 
aged  54. 

CAPT.  ISRAEL  LORING,  Boston.  Ensign  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1790;  died  at  Dover,  Mass.  Dec.  1820,  aged  79. 

CAPT.  JOHN  HASKINS,  Boston. 

CAPT.  JOHN  SKILLIN,  JR,  Boston,  shipwright ;  died 
July,  1801,  aged  63. 

JOHN  FULLERTON,  Boston,  distiller.  Administration 
1793. 

SETH  ADAMS,  Boston.     Member  of  the  Old  South. 
CAPT.  ELISHA  EATON,  Boston. 


318 

April  8th,  1768,  a  Committee,  appointed  the  September  preced- 
ing, "  to  consider  what  plan  may  be  most  expedient  to  raise  the  rep- 
utation, secure  the  interest,  and  save  the  expense  of  said  Company," 
reported :  "  It  appears  to  the  Committee  that  the  extraordinary  ex- 
penses attending  the  officers  of  said  Company,  have  been  very  dis- 
couraging to  its  members,  as  well  as  to  many  who  have  an  inclina- 
tion to  join  it.  It  also  appears  that  a  very  great  saving  may  be  made 
in  the  expenses."  They  then  suggest,  that  enquiry  ought  to  be  made, 
what  the  funds  are,  or  ought  to  be,  (surprising  oversight!)  and, 
"  supposing  them  to  amount  to  <£500,  recommend  that  the  interest, 
or  $100,  be  annually  appropriated  to  assist  the  officers  in  the  anniver- 
sary expenses."  They  then  say,  "  that  the  expense  of  the  evening 
(anniversary)  be  paid  by  the  newly  elected  officers,"  in  certain  pro- 
portions ;  "  that  the  Sergeants  entertain  the  Company  in  their  re- 
spective turns,  as  formerly,  and  to  make  no  other  provision  than  is 
proposed  by  the  plan  annexed,  which  is  thought  to  be  fully  suffi- 
cient, viz : 

"  9  bottles — that  is,  two  gallons — wine,  £Q    9s  4d 

"  8  gallons  of  >  half  hundred  lemons,  0  10    8 

Punch,       )      rum  and  sugar,  068 

"Biscuit,  048 

"  10  Ibs.  cheese,  068 

£1  16    0 

"  If  souring  is  scarce  and  dear,  then  the  Sergeants  to  provide  wine 
only,  that  the  sum  of  .£1  16s  be  not  exceeded." 

In  the  Boston  Chronicle,  Feb.  1768,  we  find:  "In  the  brigantine 
Abigail,  Capt.  Stevens,  from  London,  came  two  beautiful  brass  field- 
pieces,  three-pounders,  with  the  Province  arms  thereon,  for  the  use 
of  the  'Train  of  Artillery'  of  the  Regiment  of  this  Town.  They 
were  cast  from  two  old  pieces,  which  were  purchased,  some  time 
since,  by  the  General  Court  of  this  Province."  These  were  after- 
wards probably  the  pieces  named  the  Hancock  and  Adams. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1768,  by  Jonas  Clark, 
Lexington— 2d  Chron.  XVII.  16th.  Printed. 

1769. 

MAJ.  JOSHUA  LORING,  Boston.  A  member  of  the  O. 
S.  Church.  Sheriff  of  Suffolk,  April,  1775.  Town 
Major.  What  office  this  was,  I  am  ignorant ;  but,  as  he 
was  a  Tory,  it  was  probably  an  office  created  during 


319 

"  the  siege,"  by  Gov.  Gage.     He  left  Boston  with  the 
British  troops,  March,  1776. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  PIERCE,  Boston,  merchant.  A  founder 
and  second  Captain  of  the  Grenadiers ;  Gen.  Henry 
Knox  was  2d  Lieutenant.  His  store  was  on  the  north 
side  of  State  street,  and  in  an  old  picture  of  the  State 
House,  taken  before  the  Revolution,  his  name  appears 
on  a  sign.  Representative.  Member  of  the  Old  South 
Church.  He  became  poor,  and  died  at  Boston,  Jan. 
1st,  1828,  aged  82. 

COL.  JOSIAH  WATERS,  JR,  Boston,  merchant ;  son  of 
Capt.  Josiah,  1747.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1787  ; 
Captain  1791  ;  for  several  years  Treasurer,  and  exerted 
himself  to  place  the  finances  in  good  order.  He  col- 
lected many  facts,  for  a  history,  but  never  published 
them.  The  manuscript  is  lost.  The  older  members 
used  to  speak  of  it  as  containing  important  facts,  as 
well  as  anecdotes  of  members,  now  preserved  in  the 
imperfect  recollection  of  survivors.  In  1 804,  Col.  Wa- 
ters proposed  to  establish  a  Military  Library,  but  it  was 
never  carried  into  effect.  There  is  no  doubt  it  would 
be  highly  useful  and  honorable,  and,  by  small  exertion, 
an  extensive  collection  of  military  works  of  standard 
worth  might  be  made.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Old 
South  Church. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  F.  OSGOOD,  Boston.  Administration 
1792. 

JOSEPH  CROSWELL. 

JOHN  ARNOLD,  Boston,  cabinet  maker.  Administra- 
tion, 1784. 

CAPT.  MANAS SEH  MARSTON,  Boston,  cooper.  Will 
proved  1791. 

CAPT.   JOHN  BARTLETT,    Roxbury;    father  of   Dr. 


320 

Thomas,  1792.     Died  1823  or  '4.     For  several  years 
he  was  blind. 

JOHN  GRANT,  JR,  son  of  John,  1733. 
THOMAS  SHERBURNE,  JR. 

ENSIGN  THOMAS  RUSSELL,  Boston,  brazier;  son  and 
executor  of  Capt.  Benjamin,  1740.  Maj.  Benjamin, 
1788,  and  John,  1792,  were  his  brothers. 

CAPT.  JOHN  SIMPKINS,  Boston,  upholsterer ;  descend- 
ant of  Capt.  Nicholas,  1650 ;  grandson  of  Thomas, 
1727,  and  son  of  William,  1739.  The  last  surviving 
member  admitted  previous  to  the  Revolution,  and  he 
died  a  member,  Dec.  llth,  1831,  aged  91.  Deacon  of 
the  New  North  Church  many  years,  and  an  active  old 
gentleman.  He  left  a  handsome  estate.  His  mansion 
was  near  Brattle  street  Church. 

'"'    'i  i  I'^jut PITT    *»flTi 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1769,  by  Phillips  Payson, 
Chelsea— Ps.  CXLIV.  1st. 

1770. 
COL.  JOHN  BOYLE,  Boston,  bookseller.     Captain  of 

the  Cadets. 

i 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  MILLER. 

LIEUT.  DANIEL  REA,  JR,  Boston.  House  in  Quaker 
lane  (Congress  street.)  Died  December,  1798,  aged  87. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1770,  by  Samuel  Still- 
man,*  Boston— 2d  Tim.  II.  3d.  Printed. 

1771. 

CUTHBERT  INGLESBY,  Boston.    Removed  to  Vermont. 

MARTIN  BICKER,  Boston,  merchant. 

' 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1771,  by  Eli  Forbes, 
Brookfield— Exodus  XV.  3d.  Printed. 

*  The  first  of  any  other  sect,  than  Congregational,  who  ever  preached  before 
the  Ar.  Co. 


321 


1772. 

CAPT.  ABRAHAM  HUNT,  Boston. 

MAJ.  JOHN  HINKLEY,  Boston,  auctioneer.  Adminis- 
tration 1787. 

CAPT.  EDWARD  KNEELAND. 

STEPHEN  WHITNEY,  JR. 

MAJ.  OBADIAH  WITHERELL,  Boston,  miller.  A  revo- 
lutionary officer,  and  living  in  Kennebec  County,  Maine, 
in  1825. 

DANIEL  NEAL. 

. 
JOHN  SPEAR,  Boston.     An  officer  in  the  Revolution. 

He  died  at  Boston,  April  14th,  1824,  aged  75. 

The  Post  Boy,  of  May  llth,  1772,  announces  the  following  officers, 
as  appointed  by  the  Governor,  in  the  Corps  of  Cadets,  viz : 
John  Hancock,  Captain,  with  the  rank  of  Colonel. 
William  Coffin,  Lieutenant,  with  the  rank  of  Lieut.  Colonel. 
Daniel  Hubbard,  Ensign,  with  the  rank  of  Major. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1772,  by  Nathaniel  Rob- 
bins,  Milton— Ps.  CXXII.  8th.  Printed. 

1773. 

JEREMIAH  BUMSTEAD,  Boston.  Member  of  the  Old 
South  Church. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  EATON,  Boston,  hatter.  He  claimed 
the  honor  "  of  hauling  down  the  first  British  colors," 
at  the  commencement  of  the  Revolution.  He  was  a 
republican*  to  such  an  enthusiasm  as  to  express  the  wish 
never  to  live  beyond  the  age  of  seventy-five,  and  his  de- 
sire was  granted.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1795. 
He  died  in  1825,  and  the  Ar.  Co.  attended  his  funeral 
in  citizen's  dress. 

*  Still  hU  annual  toast,  Election  day,  was — "  May  the   Medford  Brooks  be 
swelled  higher  by  50  per  cent. 
41 


322 

"  All  recollect  an  old  gentleman  who  died  last  year,*  an  honorary 
member  of  the  A.  and  H.  Artillery,  whose  arm,  on  parade  days,  was 
completely  covered  with  strips  of  lace.  This  same  man  once  loaded 
a  cannon  in  State  street,  to  keep  the  regulars  from  landing, — was 
one  of  the  '  unknown  Indians'  who  threw  the  Tea  overboard, — took 
an  oath,  forty  years  before  his  death,  never  to  taste  a  drop  of  ardent 
spirits,  which,  it  is  said,  he  never  violated; — wore  a  cocked  hat,  and 
was  a  hatter  by  trade.  He  styled  himself  'General.'"  Some  fur- 
ther anecdotes  of  this  eccentric  man  may  be  amusing.  He  was 
small  in  stature,  and  lean  in  flesh  as  well  as  purse.  In  the  latter  part 
of  life,  he  would  buy  his  fore  quarter  of  poor  lamb  out  of  a  butcher's 
cart,  and  start  from  his  shop.  The  Police  Court  lay  in  his  way  home. 
He  would  hitch  it  on  to  some  nail  on  the  brick  wall  of  the  old  Court 
House,  if  he  saw  the  Constables  bringing  up  a  lot  of  vagabonds  for 
trial,  walk  in  and  sit  till  the  boys  would  tell  him  his  larnb  was  roasted 
by  the  sun  and  basted  by  the  flies,  when  he  would  start  in  a  jerk,  as 
if  from  a  dream,  and  travel  homeward. 

In  his  early  days,  he  was  a  rogue.  To  repeat  his  own  story,  he 
once  set  his  little  furnace  with  coal  in  the  street,  to  heat  his  hat  iron, 
on  April  fool  day, — a  coal-cart  passed  by,  a  sturdy  yeoman  crying 
*'  charcoal,"  whose  face  was  equally  as  black.  Eaton  caught  a  live 
coal  from  his  furnace  and  threw  it  into  the  coal-cart.  The  man 
drove  on,  crying  loudly.  The  boys  soon  began  to  gather,  and  bawl 
out — :"  Mister,  your  coal-cart  is  on  fire."  "  Darn  it,"  said  he,  "  you 
aint  agoing  to  make  an  April  fool  of  me, — Gee  up,  Elder — who-haw, 
Deacon — charcoal !"  Thus  he  went  on  through  the  principal  streets, 
and  would  not  look  behind,  amidst  the  shouts  of  laughter  of  Eaton, 
and  the  rest  of  the  urchins  ;  his  cart,  in  full  blaze,  at  last  was  arrest- 
ed by  the  Police  officers  and  firewards. 

WILLIAM  WALKER,  Milton. 

LIEUT.  STEPHEN  GORE,  Boston,  leather-dresser. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  TODD,  JR,  Boston,  housewright. 
Died  August  IBth,  1822,  aged  75.  Tomb  No.  101,  on 
the  Common. 

SAMUEL  BELKNAP,  Boston,  shopkeeper.  Died  July, 
1821,  aged  70. 

SAMUEL  WILD. 

*  Boston  News  Letter,  April  1st,  1826. 


323 

JOHN  HOWE,  Boston,  turner.  An  officer  of  Artificers 
in  the  Revolution.  Died  November,  1823,  aged  93 

Artillery  flection  Sermon,  1773,  by  Simeon  Howard, 
Boston — Gal.  V.  1st.  Printed. 

1774. 

CAPT.  NATHANIEL  CALL,  Boston^  housewright.  Enr 
sign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1791.  Captain  of  Artificers  in  the 
Revolution.  He  lived  in  Green  street,  and  died  much 
beloved,  August  18th,  1827,  aged  82.  Tomb  No.  64, 
on  the  Common. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  SPEAR,  JR,  Boston.  A  Captain  in 
Craft's  Regiment. 

THOMAS  S.  BOARDMAN,  Boston,  hatter.  Died  April 
26th,  1828,  aged  76. 

LEMUEL  ROBINSON,  Dorchester.  A  revolutionary 
officer. 

CAPT.  JOHN  WISE,  Boston, 

BRIG.  GEN.  JACOB  GILL,  Milton.  A  revolutionary 
officer.  Elected  Brig.  General  of  the  1st  Brigade,  then 
comprising  Boston  and  the  eastern  part  of  Norfolk,  and 
1st  Division,  August  21st,  1797,  and  during  his  contin- 
uance in  office,  Boston  was  constituted  a  Legionary 
Brigade. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1774,  by  John  Lathrop, 
Boston— Rom.  XII.  18th.  Printed. 

In  June,  1774,  the  Ar.  Co.  held  their  election,  when  the  late  Dr. 
John  Lathrop  delivered  an  excellent  and  patriotic  discourse.  It  is 
related,  that  while  Dr.  Lathrop  preached,  British  troops  were  in  the 
vicinity,  and  a  sentry  was  placed  on  the  pulpit  stairs,  lest  any  thing 
rebellious  should  be  expressed.  One  fact  the  compiler  remembers, 
viz  :  to  have  heard  Dr.  L.  say,  when  he  was  accused  of  advancing 
sentiments  inimical  to  his  country,  that  no  one  certainly  could  doubt 
his  patriotic  spirit,  for  he  had  preached  republicanism  with  a  British 


324 

sentry,  armed,  on  the  pulpit  stairs,  to  watch  what  he  said ;  but  he  did 
not  mention  the  occasion. 

No  Artillery  Sermon  was  preached  after  1774,  until  June,  1787. 

April,  1639,  upon  the  restoration  of  order,  Boston  was  organized 
into  a  Regiment  by  itself.  Some  field  officers  may  have  been  omit- 
ted, and  some  dates  of  their  commissions  may  be  incorrect.  I  have 
given  the  year  when  I  first  found  the  titles  applied  to  them.  All  of 
them  were  members  of  the  Ar.  Co.  except  two,  down  to  the  Revolu- 
tion. From  1689  to  the  Revolution,  the  Province  of  Massachusetts 
had  only  one  Major  General,  and  two  only  of  these  are  known  to 
me,  Wait  Winthrop,  appointed  after  Andross  was  deposed,  and  Wil- 
liam Brattle,  of  Cambridge. 

From  April  3d,  1775,  the  Ar.  Co.  held  no  regular  meetings,  until 
August,  1786.  The  intention  of  reviving  it  was  kept  alive,  but  no 
effectual  measures  were  taken  until  the  summer  of  1786,  when  Ma- 
jor Bell,  the  Commander,  elected  June,  1774,  convened  the  surviv- 
ing members.  Several  of  the  officers  and  non-commissioned  officers 
of  1774,  had  died ;  the  Company  therefore  voted,  that  Capt.  Bell 
should  remain  in  command  until  the  next  anniversary,  June,  1787  ; 
and  they  promoted  the  surviving  officers  regularly,  filling  vacancies 
from  the  ranks.  No  admissions,  therefore,  took  place  during  the 
intermission.  It  was  observed  by  Capt.  Eaton,  1773,  that,  on  its 
revival,  fifteen  was  the  utmost  number  in  the  ranks.  They  soon 
after  appeared  with  full  ranks;  and,  therefore,  a  few  should  never  be 
discouraged  in  their  exertions  to  transmit  the  institution  to  posterity. 
The  increase,  on  its  revival,  is  remarkable,  fifty-three  members  be- 
ing admitted  in  one  year,  among  whom  were  many  ornaments  to  the 
town  and  State. 

After  the  war,  Massachusetts  fell  into  a  great  apathy  in  military 
affairs.  The  fortifications  of  Fort  Hill  were  permitted  to  decay,  and 
much  complaint  was  made.  Such  was  the  want  of  military  ardor  in 
the  metropolis,  that  the  Executive,  on  the  general  election,  1786, 
were  escorted  by  the  Roxbury  Artillery,  under  Major  Spooner.  The 
Centinel  observes,  that  on  that  day  Boston  could  not  furnish  twenty- 
five  men  to  wait  upon  the  Executive,  and  that  there  was  not  a  single 
commissioned  officer,  or  soldier.  The  Executive  was  escorted  by  the 
Roxbury  Artillery,  July  4th,  and  on  Commencement  day  following.  A 
sharp  rebuke  was  published  in  the  Centinel,  July  5th,  1786,  purport 
ing  to  be  an  extract  of  a  letter  dated  Roxbury,  viz  :  "  Our  spirited 
Company  was  once  more  called  upon  to  act  in  a  military  character 
yesterday,  and  accordingly  marched  into  our  luxurious  metropolis.  I 
conclude,  however,  that  this  will  be  the  last  time  we  shall  be  called 
upon,  as  I  am  told  the  ladies  of  the  capital,  seeing  the  effeminacy  of 


325 

the  gentlemen  of  Boston,  have  come  to  a  resolution  to  embody,  equip 
themselves  in  uniform,  and  form  a  brilliant  military  company." 

These  sarcasms  touched  the  pride  of  Bostonians,  and  several  mil- 
itary associations  were  formed.  Shays'  insurrection  in  the  autumn, 
also,  awakened  the  citizens.  These  things  had  a  happy  effect  in  the 
second  revival  of  the  Ar.  Co.  The  records,  Oct.  27th,  1786,  speak 
thus  upon  the  subject :  "  His  Excellency  the  Captain  General,  by 
the  gentlemen  Selectmen  of  Boston,  applied  to  the  Company  (Ar. 
Co.)  for  their  aid  in  the  present  emergency  of  public  affairs.  The 
Company  immediately  voted  their  readiness  to  exert  themselves,  in 
every  thing  in  their  power,  to  support  the  Government  of  the  Com- 
monwealth, and  to  hold  themselves  in  readiness,  on  the  shortest  no- 
tice, to  turn  out  in  defence  of  the  same."  They  were  reviewed  at 
Faneuil  Hall,  the  Saturday  following,  by  the  Governor,  when  they 
appointed  a  Committee,  agreeable  to  his  Excellency's  request,  "  to 
find  gentlemen  who,  upon  the  present  emergency,  would  accept  of 
the  command  of  the  several  companies  of  the  militia  of  Boston." 
The  persons  recommended  by  the  Committee,  accepted  their  ap- 
pointments. The  Ar.  Co.  made  all  the  necessary  arrangements  for 
active  service ;  Col.  Waters  was  appointed  Adjutant,  and  John  War- 
ren, M.  D.  Surgeon  to  the  Company.  The  firmness  and  wisdom  of 
the  government,  the  prompt  and  energetic  measures  adopted,  pro- 
duced the  most  happy  effects;  for  the  insurrection  was  speedily 
crushed,  before  it  had  accumulated  strength  or  unity  sufficient  to 
endanger  essentially  the  public  welfare. 

The  present  Corps  of  Independent  Cadets,  a  revival  of  that  found- 
ed by  Col.  Pollard,  was  re-organized  by  a  resolve  of  the  Legislature, 
Oct.  21st,  1786;  and  the  late  amiable  and  courteous  Samuel  Brad- 
ford, Esq,  elected  Commander.  Before  the  Revolution,  they  were 
officered  by  a  Colonel,  Lieut.  Colonel,  and  Major;  and  by  the  new 
organization,  still  preserved,  a  Lieut.  Col.  Commandant,  a  first  and 
second  Major,  and  an  Adjutant  with  the  rank  of  Captain.  A  Com- 
pany of  Light  Infantry,  called  the  Republican  Volunteers,  was  insti- 
tuted, and  also  a  Light  Infantry  Company,  whose  first  Commander 
was  Hon.  Harrison  G.  Otis.  These  two  corps  are  extinct.  In  rival- 
ship  to  the  Volunteers,  the  recent  Company  of  Independent  Fusil- 
liers  (originally  called  Massachusetts  Fusilliers)  was  organized, 
which  has  survived,  under  the  name  of  Hancock  Light  Infantry. 
Capt.  William  Turner  was  their  first  Captain ;  Capt.  Joseph  Laugh- 
ton,  second ;  Capt.  John  Brazier,  the  third.  The  Fusilliers  were 
created  by  resolve  of  the  Legislature,  and  had  the  exclusive  privilege 
of  four  commissioned  officers.  Their  uniform  is  elegant,  and  has 
but  little  varied. 


326 

The  Centinel,  Nov.  18th,  1786,  observes  :  "  The  late  commotions 
in  this  State  have  awakened  that  spirit  of  military  ambition,  which 
so  nobly  distinguished  us  in  1774  and  1775.  In  all  parts  of  the 
country,  troops  and  companies  of  horse  and  foot  are  raising.  In  this 
town  (Boston)  which,  a  few  weeks  since,  had  to  lament  the  want  of 
a  single  company  of  soldiery,  besides  the  standing  militia,  can  now 
produce  four  companies,  almost  the  whole  of  which  are  completely 
disciplined  and  equipped,  viz :  the  Ancient  and  Honorable,"  &.c.  as 
above.  "  The  Massachusetts  Fusilliers  is  also  now  forming  with 
rapidity.  Such  a  military  spirit,  through  our  Commonwealth,  must 
afford  the  highest  satisfaction  to  every  sincere  friend  and  well-wisher 
to  our  independence,  and  fully  justifies  the  observation,  that  while 
Massachusetts  can  boast  of  citizens,  who  profess  a  knowledge  of 
military  affairs,  and  understand  the  use  of  arms,  they  can  have  noth- 
ing to  fear  from  foreign  or  domestic  foes." 

Sept.  4th,  1786,  "  for  the  first  time  since  the  commencement  of 
the  late  Revolution,"  says  the  Centinel,  "  the  A.  and  H.  Artillery 
Company,  commanded  by  Maj.  Bell,  paraded  at  the  State  House  in 
this  town,  and,  preceded  by  a  band  of  music,  marched  into  the  Com- 
mon, where  they  performed  a  number  of  military  exercises;  after 
which,  they  marched  to  Faneuil  Hall,  discharged  a  volley  of  small 
arms,  and  finished  the  day  much  to  their  honor  and  the  credit  of  the 
town.  It  was  gratifying  to  the  real  friends  of  this  country,  to  see  our 
aged  citizens,  some  of  whom  were  nearly  seventy  years  of  age, 
equipped  in  the  accoutrements  of  soldiers,  and  setting  an  example  to 
the  younger  part  of  the  community,  that,  should  their  country  re- 
quire their  aid  in  the  field,  they  might  be  found  ready  disciplined 
and  fit  for  immediate  service." 

The  ancient  respectability  of  the  Ar.  Co.  attracted  public  atten- 
tion. Many,  who  had  borne  high  commissions  in  the  Continental 
Army,  enrolled  their  names,  and  militia  officers,  generally,  joined  it. 
The  Company  was  revived  at  an  important  crisis,  "  and  had  the 
honor,"  say  their  records,  "  of  leading  in  the  military  duties  of  the 
day — the  insurrection  under  Daniel  Shays." 

1786. 

MAJ.^GEN.  JOHN  BROOKS,  Medford,  physician,  the 
first  member  admitted  after  the  revival,  was  born  at 
Medford,  June  6th,  1752.  Having  received  the  prepar- 
atory education  of  that  period,  he  studied  medicine  with 
a  respectable  physician  at  Medford,  and  commenced 


327 

practice  at  Reading,  at  the  age  of  twenty-one  ;  but  he 
relinquished  it  from  1775  to  1783,  when  he  returned 
from  the  public  service,  with  a  well-earned  fame,  and 
resumed  his  professional  pursuits  in  his  native  town  and 
vicinity,  and  for  years  practised  with  reputation  and 
success.  In  1781,  he  received  the  honorary  degree  of 
A.  M.  at  Yale  College,  and  in  1787,  at  Harvard,  where, 
in  1810,  he  was  further  complimented  with  the  degree 
of  M.  D.  and  in  1816,  of  L.  L.  D.  In  1786,  he  was 
elected  a  Fellow,  and  afterwards  a  Counsellor,  of  the 
Mass.  Med.  Society.  In  1793,  he  was  chosen  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Am.  Acad.  of  Arts  and  Sciences.  In  1795, 
he  was  one  of  the  Medical  Committee  of  the  University 
on  the  Boylston  prize  questions. 

During  the  Revolution,  his  benevolent  endeavors  to 
ameliorate  the  calamities  of  war,  pointed  him  out  as  a 
proper  presiding  officer  of  the  society  of  Free  Masons 
in  the  Massachusetts  line  of  the  army,  and  in  1780  he 
pronounced  an  oration  at  West  Point,  in  the  presence 
of  Gen.  Washington,  and  before  the  largest  assembly  of 
that  fraternity  which  had  ever  convened.*  In  1787,  he 
delivered  the  first  oration  before  the  Society  of  Cincin- 
nati, of  which  he  was  many  years  President  ;f  1792,  an 
address  to  the  Middlesex  Medical  Association  ;  1795,  a 
discourse  before  the  Humane  Society ;  1800,  an  eulogy 
at  Medford,  on  the  character  of  Gen.  Washington  ;  and, 
1 802,  the  annual  dissertation  to  the  Mass.  Med.  Society. 

Gen.  Brooks  began  his  military  life  by  commanding 
a  company  t>f  volunteers,  raised  in  Reading,  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  Revolution.  He  marched  to  Con- 
cord, at  the  head  of  his  company,  and  participated  in 

*  About  5000  walked  in  procession  at  the  laying  of  the  corner  stone  of  the  Bun- 
ker Hill  Monument,  and  at  the  laying  the  corner  stone  of  the  Masonic  Temple,  in 
Common  street,  including  all  grades  and  orders. 

t  Only  three  other  orations  have  been  delivered  in  Massachusetts,  before  that 
Society,  viz:  Gen.  Hull,  1788;  Dr.  S.  Whitwell,  1789,  and  Col.  William  Tndor, 
1790. 


328 

the  battle  of  Lexington.  He  was  afterwards  appointed 
Major  in  a  regiment  of  Minute  Men,  and,  at  the  age  of 
twenty-two,  a  field  officer  in  the  Continental  line,  and 
rose  to  the  rank  of  Lieut.  Colonel.  At  the  close  of  the 
war  he  was  discharged,  with  the  brevet  commission  of 
Colonel.*  The  regiment  was  first  called  Jackson's 
Regiment,  after  their  Colonel,  and  gained  the  camp 
name  of  the  bloody  eighth, — the  fast  in,  and  the  last  out 
of  battle.  This  regiment  took  a  distinguished  part  in 
the  battle  of  Saratoga,  and  was  then,  and  during  most 
of  the  war,  commanded  by  Col.  Brooks.  After  the 
evacuation  of  Boston,  he  marched  to  New  York,  and 
was  actively  engaged  in  the  battle  of  White  Plains.  In 
the  memorable  battle  of  Monmouth,  he  was  Adjutant 
General  of  the  advanced  column  of  the  army.  When 
Baron  Steuben  was  made  Inspector  General,  Lieut.  Col. 
Brooks,  at  the  recommendation  of  Washington,  (who 
had  before  recommended  him  to  the  Provincial  Con- 
gress for  as  high  a  commission  as  they  could,  consist- 
ently with  his  age,  give,)  was  appointed  an  Inspector 
General  under  the  Baron. 

Upon  the  organization  of  the  militia,  after  the  war, 
he  was  appointed  Major  General  of  the  Middlesex 
Division,  Which  office  he  held  ten  years.  In  the  sup- 
pression of  the  insurrection  under  Shays,  he  was  actively 
engaged.  During  the  late  war  with  Great  Britain,  1812, 
Gen.  Brooks  sustained  the  arduous  and  important  office 
of  Adjutant  General  of  Massachusetts,  which  office  he 
held  until  1816,  when  he  was  elected,  by  49,578  of  his 
fellow  citizens,  Governor.  Seven  years  successively  he 
filled  the  Chair  of  State,  with  dignity,  impartiality  and 
energy,  when  he  voluntarily  declined. 

When  the  Federal  Constitution  was  adopted  by  Mas- 
sachusetts, Gen.  Brooks  was  in  the  Convention.  He 

*The  Confederation  could  give  no  other  pay  than  honor. 


329 

was  first  Marshal  of  Massachusetts,  appointed  by  Wash- 
ington. When  Gen.  Washington  accepted  the  office  of 
Lieut.  General  of  the  American  Armies,  by  the  appoint- 
ment of  President  Adams,  he  selected  John  Brooks  as 
his  first  Brig.  General.  He  has  also  sustained  the  of- 
fices of  Representative,  Senator,  Councillor,  and  Elec- 
tor of  President  and  Vice  President.  It  may  be  asked, 
why  enumerate  these  things  ?  It  was  asked  at  the  can- 
vass for  his  first  election  as  Governor,  tauntingly  by 
his  opposers,  Who  is  John  Brooks  ?  An  obscure  indi- 
vidual, was  the  answer  from  the  same  press.  His  modest 
mind  made  no  pretensions  to  excellency, — self-taught, 
he  won  his  way  by  worth  of  character,  purity,  fortitude, 
prudence — not  parsimony,  for  he  was  poor,  nor  creep- 
ing servility, — he  always  maintained  an  erect  attitude, 
and  never  bent  his  brow  to  a  plebeian's  girdle,  except 
in  kindness.  He  was  possessed  of  a  nobleness  of  mind 
too  large  to  do  a  little  thing,  and  too  elevated  to  do  a 
mean  one.  His  townsmen,  his  warmest  friends,  com- 
plained at  his  acceptance  of  the  Gubernatorial  Chair, 
for  it  deprived  them,  in  a  degree,  of  his  kind  and  valu- 
able medical  assistance,  and  it  was  not  unfrequent  that 
he  was  called,  after  laborious  service  at  the  Council 
Chamber  in  Boston,  to  visit  and  comfort  his  sick  neigh- 
bors— an  act  he  was  never  too  much  fatigued  to  per- 
form, gratuitously. 

The  Ar.  Co.  have  twice  been  honored  by  him  as 
Commander,  1787,  1794;  and  he  continued  a  member 
to  his  decease.  It  is  not  from  want  of  inclination,  that 
that  we  do  not  enlarge  upon  the  virtues  and  services  of 
this  patriot  of  the  Revolution.  In  the  language  of  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Deane,  in  his  Artillery  Sermon,  1816,  the  first 
public  appearance  of  Gen.  Brooks  as  Governor :  "  Here 
we  behold  the  wise  and  virtuous  ruler  in  the  midst  of 
his  subjects ;  like  the  father  of  a  family,  inspiring  love 
and  respect  by  his  presence,  deriving  the  strength  of  his 


330 

government  from  his  sacred  regard  to  their  happiness, 
and  receiving  from  them  the  homage  of  the  heart,  and 
not  of  compulsion."  He  had  two  gallant  sons ;  one 
was  a  distinguished  officer  in  the  U.  S.  Army — the 
other  fell  gloriously  fighting  the  battle  of  his  country  on 
Lake  Erie.  He  probably  caught  a  severe  cold,  while 
attending  the  funeral  of  his  successor,  Gov.  Eustiss, 
whom  he  survived  but  a  few  days.  He  died  at  Medford, 
March  1st,  1825,  aged  73,  and  was  buried  March  3d 
following,  without  ostentation.  The  travelling  was  very 
bad.  Medford  appeared  clad  in  mourning — all  busi- 
ness was  suspended — the  shops  were  closed.  His  body 
was  carried  into  the  meeting-house,  which  was  filled  by 
his  townsfolk,  of  all  ages  and  both  sexes,  and  strangers 
of  distinction.  Above  ninety  of  the  Ar.  Co.  under  Col. 
Gibbens,  in  citizen's  dress,  attended  his  funeral.  It  was 
solemn  to  see  them  march,  single  file,  up  the  broad  aisle, 
and  stop  to  take  a  last  look  of  their  beloved  member ; 
and  the  sacred  tear  started  involuntarily  from  the  firm- 
est of  them,  as  they  moved  onWard.  A  well-written 
character  of  him  is  in  the  Centinel  of  March  5th,  1 825 ; 
also,  Quarterly  Review,  XIV.  1842. 

CALEB  DAVIS,  ESQ,  Boston.  Deacon.  Speaker  of 
the  House  1780.  Died  July  6th,  1797,  aged  59.  Tomb 
No.  123,  on  the  Common. 

CAPT.  JOHN  LUCAS,  Boston,  baker.  In  old  age  he 
married  a  celebrated  preceptress  of  Hingham  Academy ; 
but,  with  all  her  accomplishments,  she  failed  to  render 
him  happy.  He  gave,  in  his  will,  to  Judge  Dawes  an 
estate  in  Court  street,  worth  $  10,000,  for  his  early 
friendship. 

COL.  JOHN  MAY,  Boston,  merchant.  An  owner  of 
May's  Wharf.  Whence  he  derived  his  title  of  Colonel, 
is  unknown.  Representative,  and  many  years  a  Select- 
man. 


331 
MAJ.  ROBERT  DAVIS,  Boston,  merchant. 

BRIG.  GEN.  JOHN  WINSLOW,  a  native  of  Boston ;  born 
Sept.  29th,  1753,  and  educated  a  merchant.  His  father's 
name  was  Joshua,  and,  as  Col.  Edward,  1700,  had  a 
son  of  that  name,  I  conclude  he  was  his  grandfather. 
His  father  died  before  he  arrived  of  age,  and  left  him  to 
launch  forth  on  the  world  to  seek  his  fortune.  Col. 
Edward's  portrait,  in  elegant  military  costume,  is  now 
preserved  in  the  family. 

At  the  age  of  twenty-two  he  entered  the  Revolutionary 
Army,  as  Deputy  Paymaster  General,  and  rank  of  Lieu- 
tenant, in  the  Northern  Department.  He  joined  the 
army  at  Quebec,  under  Gen.  Montgomery,  and  was  in 
the  battle.  June  8th,  1777,  he  received  a  commission 
as  Captain  of  Artillery,  and  was  placed  under  the  com- 
mand of  Maj.  Ebenezer  Stevens,  late  a  Maj.  General  in 
New  York.  He  was  in  the  battle  which  resulted  in  the 
capture  of  Burgoyne,  and  one  of  those  who  took  the 
account  of  stores,  &c.  found  in  his  camp  ;  and  also  had 
the  charge  of  many  prisoners.  He  was  afterwards  sta- 
tioned at  West  Point,  and  White  Plains.  When  the 
American  Army  was  retreating,  under  Gen.  Wooster, 
from  Quebec,  and  the  enemy  close  upon  their  heels,  he 
saved  the  public  chest,  and  lost  his  own  baggage  and 
wardrobe,  as  valuable  as  any  officer's  in  the  line.  He 
was  thus  left  destitute  of  clothing,  not  having  sufficient 
to  change  his  linen  for  thirty-five  days.  He  received, 
on  the  settlement  of  his  accounts  as  Paymaster — the 
foot  of  which  was  $865,700  81 — a  certificate  from  the 
Paymaster  General,  wherein  his  conduct  was  highly  ap- 
proved ;  and,  it  was  said,  he  was  almost  the  only  Pay- 
master who  had  faithfully  accounted  for  the  public 
moneys.  He  was  at  the  battle  of  Ticonderoga,  and 
when  the  army,  under  Gen.  Sinclair,  retreated  from 
that  place,  he  again  saved  the  books  and  property  en- 


332 

trusted  to  his  care,  and  lost  most  of  his  own.  He  was 
soon  after  relieved,  and  settled  his  second  account — 
$104,518. 

Nov.  5th,  1778,  he  was  honorably  discharged,  at  his 
own  request.  When  the  militia  of  Boston  was  organ- 
ized, he  was  elected  a  Major,  and  soon  Colonel.  March 
21st,  1799,  he  was  elected  Brig.  General  of  ihe  Legion- 
ary Brigade.  In  1809,  he  was  chosen  Maj.  General, 
but  did  not  accept,  ajid  immediately  resigned  his  office 
of  Brig.  General.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1788; 
Captain  1792  and  1798.  He  was  many  years  Fire- 
ward,  and  President  of  the  Board  of  Health — Treasu- 
rer of  the  Ar.  Co.  and  Cincinnati,  and  often  Repre- 
sentative. In  1810,  he  lost  his  property  by  an  un- 
expected failure,  and  his  embarrassments  continued 
during  life.  His  integrity  and  honor  were  never  ques- 
tioned, and  the  people  placed  him,  seven  years  succes- 
sively, in  the  responsible  office  of  County  Treasurer,  to 
his  death,  Nov.  29th,  1819.  The  fidelity  with  which  he 
discharged  its  duties,  induced  his  constituents  to  pro- 
nounce him  the  best  Treasurer  that  had  ever  filled  the 
office. 

As  a  neighbor  and  friend,  he  was  zealous  and  char- 
itable— frequently  employed  by  the  rich  to  bestow  their 
secret  alms  upon  the  virtuous  poor.  He  was  not,  by 
talent  or  education,  a  great  man,  but  formed  by  nature 
an  upright  one.  The  numerous  instances  of  being 
guardian,  referee,  &c.  prove  his  integrity.  He  was 
prompt,  but  prudent ;  rigid,  but  not  austere ;  independ- 
ent, yet  popular  ;  shrinking  from  public  honors,  yet  de- 
serving them  ;  fearless  in  the  discharge  of  public,  social 
and  moral  duties,  yet  amiable  and  beloved  by  all.  The 
composure  with  which  he  met  his  troubles,  and  even 
saw  the  approach  of  death,  show  the  sterling  value  of 
his  heart  and  mind.  He  never  communicated  his  trou- 
bles, because  it  might  disturb  others  ;  but  rather  suffer- 


333 

ed  them  to  gnaw  upon  him  in  secret,  while  the  world 
supposed  him  cheerful.  In  his  family,  he  was  spotless, 
kind  and  affectionate  ;  his  fireside  was  the  seat  of  hos- 
pitality, his  home  the  mansion  of  happiness.  He  was 
buried  in  his  tomb,  near  the  centre  of  the  Chapel  ground, 
the  Ar.  Co.  in  citizen's  dress,  preceding  the  corpse. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  CUNNINGHAM. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JOSHUA  FARRINGTON,  Boston.  Died  at 
Trinidad,  February,  1792. 

CAPT.  ALEXANDER  HODGDON,  Boston.  Died  atDed- 
ham,  1797,  aged  56.  Treasurer  of  State,  1787. 

ISAAC  DAVENPORT. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  BROWN,  Boston,  merchant ;  resided 
at  the  famous  "  Green  Stores,"  once  a  place  of  exten- 
sive business.  Deacon  of  Hollis  street  Church.  Rep- 
resentative and  Senator.  A  man  of  common  education, 
but  of  strong  mind ;  popular  and  much  respected.  Al- 
though not  a  frequent  or  elegant  speaker,  yet  his  mild 
manner  and  perfect  knowledge  of  human  nature,  ren- 
dered him  a  powerful  legislator.  He  long  prevented 
the  erection  of  South  Boston  Free  Bridge,  while  his  in- 
genuity circumvented  his  adversaries,  and  obtained  the 
bridge  above,  near  his  own  property,  and  originated  the 
building  of  Front  street.* 

BRIG,  GEN.  AMASA  DAVIS,  Boston,  merchant.  Cap- 
tain of  the  Ar.  Co.  1795,  while  Colonel.  Quarter-Mas- 
ter General  of  the  State  many  years.  A  gentleman  of 
fortune,  given  to  hospitality.  There  is  a  tradition  that 
the  Ar.  Co.  presented  him  with  a  sword.  On  the  anni- 
versary which  closed  his  year's  service,  he  presented,  by 
the  hands  of  his  daughter,  Miss  Catherine  Davis,  the  Ar. 
Co,  with  an  elegant  standard,  that  presented  by  Capt. 
Barrett  being  defaced.  He  died  at  Boston,  Jan.  30th, 

*  1841,  Harrison  Avenue. 


334 

1825,  aged  82,  and  the  corps  attended  his  funeral,  in 
citizen's  dress. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  COOLIDGE,  Boston. 

SAMUEL  EMERY. 

RICHARD  GARDNER. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  BOARDMAN,  JR,  Boston,  merchant. 

ANDREW  OLIVER,  Boston.    Member  of  O.  S.  Church. 

LIEUT.  ZECHARIAH  HICKS,  Boston,  saddler.  Lieu- 
tenant of  the  Ar.  Co.  1791.  Representative.  He  is 
now  living,  (1842)  one  of  the  oldest  inhabitants,  highly 
respected. 

THOMAS  NEWELL,  JR. 

SAMUEL  GREENOUGH,  Boston.  He  died  at  Dorches- 
ter, August  22d,  1796,  aged  48.  .^  f 

JAMES  LANMAN,  Boston.     Deacon. 

JONATHAN  BALCH,  Boston,  pump  and  block  maker. 
Owner  of  Balch's  wharf.  A  member  of  O.  S.  Church. 

CAPT.  HENRY  PRENTISS. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  COFFIN  BOYD,  Boston,  merchant.  Re- 
moved to  Portland,  where  he  was  Captain  of  the  Vol- 
unteers, and  died  May,  1 823,  aged  63,  while  Treasurer 
of  Maine. 

LIEUT.  SAMUEL  HASTINGS,  Boston,  painter.  Mem- 
ber of  O.  S.  Church. 

LIEUT.  RUSSELL  STURGISS,  Boston,  merchant.  Died 
Sept.  7th,  1826,  aged  76. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  TODD,  Boston,  housewright.  He  lived 
in  Cole  Lane  (Portland  street.)  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1793,  Captain  1797.  He  was  the  first  armorer  who 
took  charge  of  the  company  equipments  in  Faneuil  Hall. 
He  died  a  member  at  an  advanced  age,  March  31st,  1815. 


335' 

Tomb  No.  101,  on  the  Common.  The  Ar.  Co.  at- 
tended his  funeral  in  citizen's  dress.  He  was  much  be- 
loved. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  WELLS,  Boston. 
JONAS  CLARKE  MINOTT. 

CAPT.  JOHN  JOHNSTON,  Boston ;  Ensign  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1788,  Lieutenant  1790. 

SAMUEL  GORE,  Boston,  painter ;  brother  of  Gov. 
Gore.  He  was  one  of  the  mechanics,  who  obtained, 
secured  and  sent  out  of  Boston,  when  in  the  hands  of 
the  British,  at  the  commencement  of  the  Revolution, 
the  only  two  cannon  then  in  the  country,  except  what 
had  been  brought  here  by  the  British.  He  was  one  of 
those  who  on  16th  Dec.  1773,  proceeded  to  the  tea 
ships,  at  Liverpool  (then  Griffin's)  wharf,  and  destroy- 
ed their  cargoes.*  He  died  at  Boston,  Nov.  16th, 
1831,  aged  80. 

CAPT.  JOHN  BRAZER,  Boston,  shopkeeper,  (some- 
times miscalled  Major.)  Third  Captain  of  the  Inde- 
pendent Fusilliers;  Engign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1794.  He 
was  an  excentric  character,  a  violent  partizan,  wealthy, 
and  a  great  patron  of  the  drama.  He  was  the  princi- 
pal originator  of  the  2d  Universalist  Church,  School 
street,  and  died  at  Boston,  May  7th,  1828,  aged  75. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  FORD,  Boston ;  died  Nov.  1797, 
aged  56. 

CAPT.  TURNER  PHILLIPS,  Boston,  merchant;  brother 
of  Major  James,  1790;  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1789, 
several  years  Chairman  of  the  Selectmen.  He  died  at 
Boston,  Sept.  13,  1836,  aged  81  ;  a  very  intelligent 
and  respectable  citizen,  who  held  various  offices  of 
responsibility,  public  and  private. 

*  Col.  Centinel,  Nov.  26th,  1831,  obituary. 


336 

MAJ.  ANDREW  CUNNINGHAM,  Boston,  merchant,  son 
of  Capt.  James,  1761,  was  born  in  Boston,  Feb.  16th, 
1760.  The  latter  part  of  his  life  he  confined  himself 
to  the  business  of  insurance.  He  was  many  years  a 
Fireward.  How  he  gained  his  military  title  I  am  una- 
ble to  state.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1789;  Cap- 
tain, 1793.  The  year  following  Gen.  Brooks  was  se- 
lected to  succeed  him,  and  wished  his  services  as  Order- 
ly, and  the  Company  accordingly  chose  him.  He  died 
at  Roxbury,  August,  1829,  aged  69. 

HON.  JOHN  AVERT,  JR,  ESQ,  Boston,  Secretary  of 
State  from  1780  to  1806.  He  graduated  at  Har.  Col. 
1759.  Deacon  of  West  Church,  and  died  at  Boston, 
June  7,  1806,  aged  67. 

PEPPERELL  TYLER,  Boston. 

MAJ.  GEN.  BENJAMIN  LINCOLN,  a  native  of  Hingham, 
yeoman ;  born  Jan.  23d,  (O.  S.)  1733,  in  the  house  in 
which  he  died.*  His  father  had  the  sarne  name,  a  far- 
mer, which  occupation  Gen.  L.  followed  till  more  than 
forty  years  old.  He  enjoyed  no  advantages  of  early  ed- 
ucation, proportioned  to  the  eminence  which  he  attain- 
ed. The  native  force  and  perspicuity  of  his  mind,  and 
his  happy  disposition,  contributed  to  his  superiority  over 
multitudes.  He  owed  something  to  culture,  and  much 
to  circumstances.  He  was  many  years  Town  Clerk, 
Magistrate,  and  Representative  1773,  '4,  '5,  '88,  '9. 
His  first  military  office  was  Adjutant  of  the  3d  Regi- 
ment in  Suffolk,  July,  1755,  and  he  was  Lieut.  Colonel 
January,  1772,  when  the  war  broke  out.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Provincial  Congress  assembled  in  1775, 
at  Concord,  Cambridge  and  Watertown,  and  a  sincere, 
determined,  though  temperate  Whig. 

Upon  the  news  of  the  battles  of  Lexington  and  Con- 

*  Extracted  from  a  pamphlet,  said  to  have  been  written  by  President  Kirkland. 
See  the  Hist.  Coll.  of  Mass,  and  Lincoln's  Hist,  of  Hingham. 


337 

cord,  he  summoned  the  military  under  his  command, 
with  a  view  of  repairing  to  the  scene  of  action.     The 
return  of  the  royal  troops  to  Boston  the  same  night, 
prevented  his  marching.     He  was  appointed  a  Briga- 
dier, February,  1776,  and  Maj.   General  in  May,  and 
much  employed  in  disciplining  the  militia.     On  the  2d 
of  August  following,  he  was  appointed  to  command  the 
troops  of  the  State  doing  duty  at  and  near  the  harbor  of 
Boston.     The  impression  entertained  of  his  military  tal- 
ents, and  his  influence  with  the  militia,  led  the  General 
Court,  in  September,  to  give  him  the  command  of  the 
regiments  to  be  raised  by  the  State  to  reinforce  the 
army  under  the  Commander-in-Chief,  at  New  York  and 
New  Jersey,  which  had  now  become  the  seat  of  the  war. 
Feb.  1 1th,  he  arrived  at  Gen.  Washington's  camp.    The 
Commander-in-Chief,  while  at  Cambridge  and  Boston, 
had  become  acquainted  with  him,  and  recommended 
him  to  Congress  as  an  excellent  officer,  whom  it  was 
desirable  to  place  in  the  Continental  line.   Accordingly, 
soon  after  he  joined  the  army  in  February,  1777,  he  was 
created  a  Major  General  by  Congress.    The  calm  cour- 
age and  good  judgment  of  Lincoln  were  always  evident. 
He  was  first  attached  to  the  Northern  Army,  under  Gen. 
Schuyler,  and  afterwards  under  Gen.  Gates.     He  was 
severely  wounded,  during  the  campaign,  in  the  leg, 
which  caused  his  removal  first  to  Albany,  and  after- 
wards to  Hingham.     He  was  not  able  to  take  the  field 
till  August  7th ;  his  restoration  was  not  complete,  how- 
ever, till  long  afterwards. 

No  inconsiderable  share  in  the  success  of  the  North- 
ern Army,  in  the  capture  of  Burgoyne,  had  been  al- 
ways ascribed  to  Gen.  Lincoln.  His  excellent  character 
as  a  man,  and  his  military  reputation,  induced  the  Del- 
egates from  South  Carolina  to  request  Congress  to  ap- 
point him  to  the  chief  command  in  the  Southern  depart- 
ment. He  arrived  at  Charleston  early  in  December, 


338 

1778.  His  campaigns  in  the  Southern  department  were 
meritorious,  but  unsuccessful,  and  ended  in  the  surren- 
der of  Charleston,  May  12th,  1780,  when  he  was  taken 
prisoner.  He  was  admitted  to  his  parole,  and  in  the 
summer  returned  to  Hingham.  In  November  following 
he  was,  to  his  great  joy,  exchanged. 

On  the  commencement  of  the  campaign  of  1781, 
Gen.  Lincoln  joined  the  army  under  Washington,  occu- 
pying the  high  grounds  on  the  North  River,  with  a  view 
to  operations  against  New  York.  Before  the  end  of 
the  summer,  the  plan  of  the  campaign  was  changed, 
and  the  movements  of  the  army  directed  against  Lord 
Cornwallis,  in  Virginia.  Our  General  commanded  a 
central  division  at  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  and  had  his 
full  share  oT  the  honor  of  that  brilliant  and  auspicious 
event.  The  articles  of  capitulation  stipulated  for  the 
same  honors  in  favor  of  the  surrendering  army  as  had 
been  granted  to  the  garrison  of  Charleston.  Gen.  Lin- 
coln was  appointed  to  conduct  them  to  the  field  where 
the  arms  were  deposited,  and  receive  the  customary 
submission. 

Oct.  31st,  1781,  he  was  chosen  Secretary  at  War, 
with  power  to  retain  his  rank  in  the  army,  residing  at 
Philadelphia,  till  October,  1783,  when  he  resigned. 
Having  thus  laid  down  the  load  of  public  cares,  he  re- 
tired with  heartfelt  pleasure  to  the  repose  of  private  life. 
His  military  service  had  not  increased  his  property,  and 
he  resumed  his  farm.  Neither  his  circumstances  nor 
disposition  would  permit  him  to  be  idle.  Although 
he  had  intended  to  avoid  any  public  employments,  he 
was  persuaded  to  take  command  of  the  first  Division  of 
the  Militia  of  the  State.  He  was  willing,  with  other 
distinguished  officers  of  the  late  army,  to  make  a  con- 
siderable sacrifice  to  preserve  to  the  community  the 
benefit  of  the  military  knowledge  acquired  by  the  ex- 
perience of  the  war. 


339 

In  1786-7,  the  insurrection  took  place  in  Massachu- 
setts. Gen.  Lincoln  was  appointed  to  command  the 
militia — between  four  and  five  thousand — detached  to 
restore  order.  He  was  selected  as  Commissioner,  with 
others,  in  negotiations  with  different  Indian  tribes,  and 
in  one  with  the  Creeks,  1789,  on  the  Southern  frontier, 
he  had  the  pleasure  of  meeting  Gen.  Washington,  for 
the  first  time  since  1783,  stopping  at  Mount  Vernon  on 
his  way.  His  aid  was  solicited  in  framing  the  first  mil- 
itia law  of  the  United  States,  and  when  the  Committee 
had  the  subject  under  consideration,  he  introduced  a 
clause  to  preserve  the  ancient  privileges  and  customs  of 
such  independent  corps  as  were  then  created  by  charter 
or  otherwise.  Gen.  Blount,  of  Carolina,  one  of  the 
Committee,  was  vehemently  opposed  to  any  such 
clause,  when  Gen.  Lincoln  stated  the  origin  and  claims 
of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable.  Blount,  in  a  passion 
and  with  a  sneer,  exclaimed — "  And,  pray,  who  in  h — 1 
commands  this  Ancient  and  Honorable  ?"  Gen.  Lin- 
coln calmly  replied — "  Your  very  humble  servant." 
This  put  Blount  and  his  adherents  to  silence,  and  the 
clause  was  included  in  the  act.  Thus  the  original 
charter,  usages,  and  privileges  of  the  Ar.  Co.  are  con- 
firmed by  Congress. 

In  April,  1787,  Gen.  Lincoln  had  a  plurality  of  votes 
for  Lieut.  Governor,  and  was  elected  by  the  Legislature. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Convention  for  ratifying  the 
new  Constitution,  and  in  1789  was  made  Collector  of 
Boston,  which  office  he  held  till  within  two  years  of  his 
death,  when  his  earnest  desire  to  resign  was  complied 
with  by  Mr.  Jefferson.  In  this  station  he  acquitted  him- 
self with  judgment,  fidelity  and  success,  never  forgetting 
his  allegiance  to  the  government,  and  never  giving 
cause  to  any  to  complain  of  the  insolence  of  office. 

The  University  gave  him,  in  1780,  the  honorary  de- 
gree of  Master  of  Arts.  He  was  one  of  the  first  mem- 


340 

bers  of  the  Am.  Acad.  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  and  the 
Mass.  Hist.  Society,  who  have  an  elegant  portrait  of 
him,  in  military  costume ;  and  he  contributed  in  their 
collections  published.  He  was  President  of  the  Cin- 
cinnati from  its  foundation  to  his  decease,  and  Com- 
mander of  the  Ar.  Co.  June,  1788. 

"  The  interval  between  his  resignation  as  Collector  and  his  death, 
passed  in  much  serenity.  He  daily  experienced  the  increasing 
weight  of  years,  but  without  any  severe  pain.  After  a  short  attack 
of  disease,  he  expired  on  the  9th  May,  1810,  aged  77  years. 

"In  Gen.  Lincoln's  character,  strength  and  softness, the  estimable 
and  amiable  qualities,  were  happily  blended.  His  mind  was  quick 
and  active,  yet  discriminating  and  sound.  He  displayed  a  fund  of 
thought  and  information,  derived  from  select,  though  limited  reading, 
from  careful  observation  of  men  and  things,  and  from  conversation, 
He  was  patient  and  cool  in  deliberation ;  in  execution,  prompt  and 
vigorous ;  conspicuous  for  plain,  strict,  inflexible  integrity,  united, 
however,  with  prudence,  candor,  a  liberal  and  compassionate  dispo 
sition.  He  had,  it  was  said,  by  constitution,  strong  passions,  but 
they  were  so  disciplined  by  reason  and  religion,  and  qualified  and 
counteracted  by  good  sentiments  and  generous  feelings,  that  they 
never  betrayed  him  into  any  extravagance,  nor  suffered  him  to  give 
way  to  any  impulse  of  anger.  He  knew  how  to  exercise  command 
without  exciting  aversion.  Paying  deference  to  the  rights  and  feel- 
ings of  others,  whether  present  or  absent,  his  own  were  not  likely  to 
suffer  injury  or  insult.  He  was  always  an  early  riser,  temperate  in 
his  habits,  frugal  without  parsimony,  diligent  and  methodical  in  his 
business.  He  believed  in  the  preponderance  of  good  in  the  human 
condition ;  often  mentioning  particularly  the  resources  and  comforts 
accommodated  to  the  successive  periods  of  life,  as  affording  proofs 
of  the  goodness  of  the  Creator.  He  thought  gratitude,  acquiescence 
and  hope  a  tribute,  at  all  times  due  to  a  wise  and  benevolent  Provi- 
dence. He  was  called  to  encounter  adversity  in  different  forms ; 
some  of  which  were  of  a  nature  to  dishearten  an  ordinary  man ;  but 
his  fortitude  and  equanimity  never  forsook  him,  and  he  always  main- 
tained an  erect  attitude. 

"As  a  military  commander,  he  was  judicious,  brave,  determined, 
indefatigable.  His  distinguished  merit  in  this  character  was  never 
denied  ;  whilst  all  have  not  agreed  in  opinion  upon  some  of  his  plans 
in  the  Southern  command.  Being  a  soldier  of  the  Revolution,  he 
had  to  anticipate  the  effect  of  experience,  and  might  commit  mis- 


takes.  He  was  surrounded  by  difficulties  :  he  met  extraordinary  dis- 
appointments in  his  calculations  upon  supplies  and  succors.  In  the 
principal  instances  which  issued  unfortunately — the  storming  of  Sa- 
vannah and  the  siege  of  Charleston — he  had  but  a  choice  of  evils  ; 
and  which  ever  way  he  decided,  the  course  rejected  would  have 
seemed,  to  many  persons,  more  eligible.  He  had  true  courage,  with- 
out rashness.  His  calmness  in  danger  seemed  like  unconcern;  but 
he  affirmed  that  he  never  was  exposed  without  feeling  deeply  inter- 
ested in  his  own  life  and  the  lives  of  others. 

"  In  civil  functions,  he  took  the  plain  way  of  probity  and  patriot- 
ism, not  despising  popular  favor,  but  never  pursuing  it  as  an  end,  and 
never  thinking  it  an  equivalent  for  the  sacrifice  of  principle.  By  the 
change  of  political  parties  in  the  Commonwealth,  his  agency  in  sup- 
porting the  laws  and  suppressing  the  insurrection  came,  at  one  time, 
to  be  considered  as  demerit,  and  the  office  of  Lieut.  Governor,  when 
held  by  him,  was,  by  this  sinister  influence,  deprived  of  the  limited 
salary  which  the  Second  Magistrate  of  the  State  had  always  before 
received.  He  was  a  Federalist  of  the  Washington  school.  From 
1801,  the  party  which  had  opposed  the  Federal  Administration,  held 
the  supreme  power.  He  experienced  the  sense  entertained  by  the 
community  of  his  services,  in  being  suffered  to  retain  his  office  of 
Collector. 

"  Religion  exerted  its  full  influence  over  the  mind  and  conduct  of 
Gen.  Lincoln.  He  was  a  Christian  of  the  anti-sectarian,  catholic, 
or  liberal  sect,  firm  in  his  faith,  serious  and  affectionate  in  his  piety, 
without  superstition,  fanaticism,  or  austerity.  He  was  from  early 
manhood  a  communicant,  and  for  a  great  part  of  his  life  a  Deacon 
of  the  Church.  He  never  shunned  an  avowal  of  his  belief,  nor  feared 
to  appear  what  he  was,  nor  permitted  the  reality  of  his  convictions 
to  remain  in  doubt.  But,  avoiding  ostentation  and  bitterness,  think- 
ing the  excellence  of  the  tree  more  apparent  in  the  fruit  than  the 
leaves,  and  being  a  good  man  the  best  proof  of  being  a  good  Christian, 
he  was  able  to  reconcile  fidelity  to  his  religion  with  the  spirited  and 
graceful  exercise  of  his  military  functions  and  all  the  offices  of  civil 
and  social  life.  Amidst  the  license  so  common  in  armies,  no  pro- 
fane expression  or  irreverent  sally  escaped  his  lips;  and  no  stain 
came  upon  the  purity  of  his  life. 

"  The  person  and  air  of  Gen.  Lincoln  betokened  his  military  vo- 
cation. He  was  of  middle  height,  erect,  muscular,  with  open,  intel- 
ligent features,  a  venerable  and  benign  aspect.  His  manners  were 
easy  and  unaffected,  but  courteous  and  polite.  lie  delighted  in 
children,  and  made  himself  loved  by  them.  He  admitted  young  per- 
sons of  merit  to  his  intimacy ;  let  them  into  his  sentiments  on  inter- 


342 

esting  subjects,  and  was  forward  to  aid  their  reputation  and  advance- 
ment in  the  world.  He  had  a  high  relish  for  the  pleasures  of  con- 
versation, in  which  he  hore  his  part  with  good  sense,  delicate  raillery, 
anecdote,  and  always  a  moral  vein.  His  house  was  the  seat  of  real 
hospitality.  The  accession  to  his  income,  during  the  last  twenty 
years  of  his  life,  was  applied  to  a  decent  provision  for  his  advancing 
age,  to  the  increase  of  his  charities,  and  to  the  benefit  of  his  numer- 
ous family.  He  twice  made  a  distribution  of  considerable  sums 
among  his  children.  As  they  had  good  habits,  and  knew  the  use  of 
property,  he  thought  it  was  unnecessary  to  leave  their  claims  to  be 
answered  by  his  executor.  He  lived  in  great  conjugal  happiness 
with  the  wife  of  his  youth  more  than  fifty-five  years,  and  had  sons 
and  daughters,  in  whom,  and  in  their  descendants,  he  found  the 
greatest  solace.  May  the  principles  and  virtues  of  such  men  be  ex- 
emplified in  successive  generations  in  our  country,  that  the  blessings 
purchased  by  the  wisdom  and  valor  of  the  fathers  may  be  inherited  by 
the  children  to  the  latest  time." 

LIEUT.  EDWARD  CURTIS. 

COL.  EBENEZER  BRATTLE. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  CLARK,  Boston,  merchant ;  son  of 
Rev.  Jonas,  of  Lexington,  grandson  of  Ensign  Jonas, 
1756  ;  was  born  at  Lexington,  Sept.  27th,  1759.  The 
first  time  Capt.  C.  put  on  a  military  coat,  was  to  join 
with  the  Cadets  in  firing  a  salute  on  the  news  of  the 
capture  of  Burgoyne's  army.  The  custom  had  been, 
when  a  new  Governor  arrived  from  England,  to  present 
the  Cadet  corps  with  a  new  standard.  When  Gov. 
Gage  arrived,  Hancock  was  Commander  of  the  Cadets, 
and  Gage  presented  a  standard;  but,  as  soon  as  he 
found  out  the  spirit  of  Hancock,  he  dismissed  him 
from  the  command,  and  ordered  a  new  choice.  The 
Company  met  and  disbanded  themselves  by  vote,  and 
returned  the  standard  to  Gov.  Gage.  In  this  the  Tories 
joined  with  the  Whigs.  After  this,  the  members  occa- 
sionally met.  Afterwards,  a  new  company  of  volun- 
teers was  raised;  Col.  Henry  Jackson  was  Captain, 
Benjamin  Hichbon  Lieutenant,  and  Perez  Morton  En- 
sign— called  the  Independent  Company,  and  went  to 


343 

Newport,  R.  1.  on  service.  Capt.  Clark  belonged  to 
them.  He  joined  the  Ar.  Co.  on  its  revival ;  was  elect- 
ed its  Lieutenant  1792,  Captain  1796,  and  many  years 
Clerk,  till  1809. 

Upon  the  death  of  the  venerable  William  Cooper, 
Town  Clerk  of  Boston  half  a  century,  there  were  nu- 
merous popular  candidates,  of  both  parties.  This  cre- 
ated a  warm  struggle.  Capt.  Clark  had  become  infirm, 
and  realized  little  from  his  business  of  auctioneer,  to 
support  his  large  family.  Just  before  the  election,  a  few 
friends  suggested  him  as  a  candidate,  with  little  hope  of 
success  ;  but  no  sooner  was  his  name  announced,  than 
the  Ar.  Co.  members  and  past  members  rallied  to  his 
support,  from  all  parties,  and  elected  him  by  a  decided 
majority  over  all.  After  that,  he  was  elected  without 
opposition  until  the  organization  of  the  City  Govern- 
ment, when  he  was  Assistant  Clerk.  He  had  a  salary, 
$750,  and  the  perquisite  of  marriage  publishment  fees, 
said  to  amount  to  $1000  annually.  He  died  at  Boston, 

May,  1832,  aged  72. 

• 

Soon  after  the  revival  of  military  spirit,  1786,  a  company  of  Cav- 
alry was.  raised  in  Boston,  and  the  first  commander  was  Rufus  G. 
Amory,  Esq,  a  distinguished  lawyer  in  Boston.  This  company, 
however,  was  long  ago  disbanded.  Another  troop  of  horse  was  soon 
raised,  called  the  Boston  Dragoons,  which  was  recently  disbanded  : 
their  first  Commander  was  Capt.  Henry  Purkitt,  a  cooper,  who  had 
served  as  a  Sergeant  in  Pulaski's  corps  of  Cavalry,  in  the  Revolu- 
tion. As  the  population  and  wealth  of  the  metropolis  increased,  the 
disposition  to  institute  other  corps  may  be  attributed  to  the  military 
ambition  excited  by  the  public  ceremonies  of  the  Ar.  Co. 

No  Artillery  Election  Sermon  this  year,  (1786.) 

1787. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  DALL,  Boston,  merchant.  Died  Sept. 
18th,  1829,  aged  76. 

CAPT.  JOHN  GREEN,  Boston.  Died  at  Cambridge- 
port,  June  24th,  1826,  aged  67. 


344 

WILLIAM  SHATTUCK. 

JOHN  FENNO,  Boston.     Member  of  O.  S.  Church. 

CAPT.  JEREMIAH  WILLIAMS. 

LIEUT.  EZRA  WHTNEY,  Boston. 

MAJ.  WILLIAM  BIRD. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  CALL. 

CAPT.  LEMUEL  GARDNER,  Boston,  cooper.  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1792;  Lieutenant  1799;  Captain  1803. 
He  lived  at  a  time  of  prosperity  among  mechanics  in 
Boston,  who,  earning  their  money  easy,  lived  gener- 
ously. He  belonged  to  a  set,  very  hospitable,  whose 
sideboards  were  loaded  with  plate,  and  who  brought  up 
their  families  in  expensive  style.  They  were  enterpris- 
ing, ready  to  promote  all  public  improvements,  firm 
friends,  carried  a  great  sway  in  public,  sung  good  songs, 
and  seldom  had  a  heavy  heart  or  felt  want.  A  member 
of  the  Old  South  Church. 

DAVID  HATCH. 
PHINEAS  DANA. 

BENJAMIN  COBB,  JR,  Boston.  Admitted  a  member  of 
the  church  while  young.  He  was  a  worthy,  industrious 
and  respectable  man,  having  a  large  family. 

CAPT.  PETER  PARKER. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1787,  by  John  Clarke, 
Boston — Isaiah  IV.  5th. 

1788. 

MAJ.  JOHN  BRAY,  Boston,  cooper,  was  born  in  Bos- 
ton, August  4th,  1761,  and  served  apprentice  at  Boston 
and  Charlestown.  He  had  twelve  children,  one  of 
whom  was  the  compiler's  first  wife.  Commencing  life 
poor,  he  acquired  by  his  industry  an  independence.  He 


345 

was  a  culler  and  packer  of  fish — having,  at  one  time, 
eighteen  journeymen  and  apprentices — on  Spear's 
wharf,  which  he  owned.  As  one  of  the  three  weighers 
and  gangers  in  the  Custom  House,  who  were  then  paid 
by  fees,  I  have  heard  him  say  that  his  share,  on  one  oc- 
casion, was  $750  for  a  month.  After  Gen.  Lincoln  re- 
signed, he  was  removed  by  his  successor,  for  his  politi- 
cal opinions,  and  lived  at  ease  on  his  income.  Having 
had  small  advantages  of  education,  which  he  always 
lamented,  he  balanced  it  by  providing  the  best  education 
for  his  children.  He  was  passionate,  but  never  vindic- 
tive, and  his  sudden  transitions  were  peculiar.  His  house 
was  the  hospitable  resort  of  old  and  young,  whose  en- 
joyment he  delighted  to  witness,  and  he  was  charitable 
and  kind  to  his  poor  neighbors. 

In  August,  (1821,)  he,  attended  by  his  wife,  was  robbed  on  the 
Medford  Turnpike,  by  the  notorious  Martin,  of  §14  and  his  gold  re- 
peating watch,  which  led  to  his  discovery.  Martin  rode  up  to  his 
chaise  on  horseback,  presented  a  horse-pistol  to  his  breast^  and  de- 
manded his  money  and  watch,  which  he  gave  him.  Mrs.  Bray  wore 
a  gold  watch  also,  and  she  asked  if  he  wanted  hers,  when  he  an- 
swered, he  robbed  gentlemen  only.  Maj.  B.  became  anxious  to  have 
him  reprieved,  his  sentence  commuted,  or  even  pardoned,  and  was 
much  distressed  at  the  idea  of  his  testimony  being  the  means  of 
taking  life.  On  the  day  of  execution  he  had  determined  to  visit 
him ;  his  family  remonstrated,  and  watched  him, — yet  he  eluded  their 
vigilance,  and  was  prevented  by  some  acquaintance  from  rushing  into 
the  crowd  around  the  scaffold.  He  had,  up  to  this  time,  been  cor- 
pulent ;  but,  before  his  death,  he  became  extremely  emaciated.  His 
mind,  also,  was  greatly  shaken.  Conviviality  was  no  longer  agreea- 
ble to  him,  and  the  pleasures  of  company  were  so  irksome,  that  his 
festive  board  was  less  frequently  spread,  until  wholly  laid  aside. 

The  only  civil  office  he  ever  held  was  that  of  Select- 
man. He  was  a  founder  of  the  North  End  Artillery, 
called  the  Columbian  Artillery,  and  elected  its  first 
senior  Lieutenant.  He  succeeded  Col.  R.  Gardner  as 
its  Captain,  and  was  promoted  Major  of  the  Sub-legion 

44 


346 

of  Artillery.  This  office  he  held  but  one  year.  He  was 
Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1793  ;  Lieutenant  1798,  and  con- 
tinued a  valuable  member  to  his  death.  He  desired  that 
his  funeral  should  be  private.  He  left  a  valuable  prop- 
erty, and  died  August  12th,  1829,  aged  68. 

If  J  were  to  indulge  my  own  feelings — and  they  are 
certainly  disinterested,  for  my  wife,  his  daughter,  died 
long  before  him — I  should  stop  to  pay  a  tribute  of 
affection  to  his  memory  ;  for  he  was  ever  a  generous, 
open-hearted  opponent — a  firm  and  lasting  friend  ;  and 
many  acts  of  benevolence  and  sympathy,  with  his  disin- 
terested advice  and  confidence,  endeared  him  to  me. 

LIEUT.  ELIJAH  WILLIAMS. 

ELISHA  SIGOURNEY,  Boston,  merchant.  A  man  of 
strong  mind  and  high  sense  of  honor — scrupulously  hon- 
est, indefatigable  in  business.  Many  of  his  acts  of  kind- 
ness were  so  abruptly*  communicated  as  to  be  unthank- 
fully  received.  He  was  in  his  day  much  relied  upon  for 
his  judgment,  and  died  highly  esteemed.  He  directed 
that  his  funeral  should  be  private,  in  the  morning,  before 
breakfast, — and  he  was  buried  accordingly,  on  one  of 
the  islands.  He  was  a  descendant  of  a  French  refugee 
Protestant  of  that  name,  who  came  to  Boston  about 
1686. 

CAPT.  FRANCIS  GREEN,  Boston.  An  Assessor.  An 
officer  in  the  Revolution.  He  died  Sept.  2d,  1831, 
aged  81. 

COL.  PETER  GREEN,  Boston ;  brother  of  Francis.  An 
officer  in  the  Revolution, — probably  the  graduate  at 
Harvard  College,  1766. 

JOSIAH  ELLIOT. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  PRINCE,  Boston,  tailor.  A  man  of 
amiable  disposition.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1794. 

MAJ.  JOSEPH  HALL,  JR,  Boston,  lawyer ;  one  of  Gen. 


347 

Broofcs's  staff.  He  graduated  at  Har.  Col.  1781.  Rep- 
resentative ;  Sheriff  of  Suffolk  from  1818  to  '25,  and 
Judge  of  Probate — an  office  more  congenial  to  his  feel- 
ings, and  in  which  he  long  displayed  accuracy,  upright- 
ness, intelligence  and  kindness.  He  never  attempted 
to  shine  as  a  politician,  though  the  companion  of  Sulli- 
van, Gore  and  Dexter  ;  but  his  temperate  course  never 
failed  to  be  viewed  with  approbation. 

ENSIGN  JOSEPH  LOVERING,  JR,  Boston,  tallow-chand- 
ler. Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  179V  Representative  many 
years ;  Selectman,  and  wealthy.  He  is,  1842,  the  oldest 
member  on  the  roll. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  LORING,  Boston,  jeweller;  father  of 
Col.  Joseph,  1792. 

MAJ.  BENJAMIN  RUSSELL,  Boston,  printer ;  fifth  son 
of  Capt.  Benjamin,  1740 ;  was  born  in  Boston,  in  Court 
street,  then  called  Prison  lane,  Sept.  13th,  1762,  (by 
some  accounts  Sept.  30th.)  When  quite  a  lad,  he  joined 
the  army  of  the  Revolution,  as  a  common  soldier,  and 
was  in  the  campaigns  on  the  North  River,  but  did  not 
serve  out  the  war.  Upon  his  return,  he  set  up  the 
newspaper  called  the  Columbian  Centinel,  and  contin- 
ued the  editorship  more  than  forty  years,  till  Nov.  1st, 
1828,  after  fighting  manfully  the  Adams  cause  for  the 
Presidentship.  A  complimentary  dinner  was  given  him 
by  his  brother  editors  and  printers.  In  early  life,  he 
also  printed  almanacks,  and  was  in  moderate  circum- 
stances ;  but  his  peculiar  talents  as  editor  gained  him 
much  celebrity,  and  gave  his  paper  extensive  circula- 
tion. His  editorial  remarks  and  summary  of  news  were 
sought  after  by  all,  as  the  most  to  be  relied  upon.  He 
was  a  self-taught  man,  and  enjoyed  much  esteem  among 
his  fellow  citizens.  He  is  the  second  oldest  member 
now  on  the  roll.  He  was  a  Delegate  at  the  Conven- 


348 

tion  of  1 820 ;  Representative  twenty-four  years,  Sena- 
tor and  Councillor. 

MAJ.  GEN.  EBENEZER  THAYER,  JR,  Braintree,  yeo- 
man. He  might  have  been  chosen  Major  General  by 
the  Legislature,  but  did  not  accept.  He  was  Sheriff 
of  Norfolk. 

ABRAHAM  WILD,  Boston,  merchant. 

MAJ.  SAMUEL  SWAN,  Medford.  One  of  Gen.  Brooks's 
staff.  Died  at  Medford,  November,  1825,  aged  76. 

MAJ.  GEN.  WILLIAM  HULL,  Newton,  lawyer,  was 
born  at  Derby,  Conn.  June  24th,  1753,  and  died  at 
Newton,  Mass.  Nov.  29th,  1825,  aged  72.  He  gradu- 
ated at  Yale  College,  1 772.  In  the  Revolution  he  rose 
to  the  rank  of  Colonel.  After  the  war,  he  returned  to 
Newton,  and  practised  law  with  reputation,  and  be- 
came wealthy.  He  was  long  a  leading  man  in  the  Mas- 
sachusetts House  and  Senate,  and  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Jefferson  the  first  Governor  of  Michigan  Territory, 
where  he  removed,  1 805.  On  the  breaking  out  of  the 
war  with  England,  (1812,)  he  was  appointed  a  Brig. 
General  in  the  U.  S.  Army.  He  had  sustained  the 
office  of  Major  General  of  the  Middlesex  Militia,  upon 
Gen.  Brooks's  resignation,  1796.  His  disastrous  cam- 
paign in  Canada,  which  resulted  in  the  surrender  of  the 
U.  S.  Army  under  his  command,  August  15th,  1812, 
brought  him  to  a  Court  Martial,  like  Admiral  Byng, 
and  he  was  by  them  sentenced  to  be  shot  for  cowardice, 
(1814,)  but  recommended  to  mercy  on  account  of  his 
brave  revolutionary  services,  and  pardoned  accordingly. 
He  returned,  and  spent  the  remainder  of  his  days  in  retire- 
ment at  Newton.  He  published  a  series  of  letters  before 
his  death,  in  vindication  of  his  conduct.  This  develop- 
ment of  facts,  and  other  mysterious  circumstances  attend- 
ing his  trial,  restored  his  fame  in  a  great  measure,  and  he 
was  very  generally  accounted  a  sacrifice  to  political  in- 


349 

trigue.  In  delicacy  to  the  feelings  of  a  valuable  mem- 
ber, hereafter  appearing  on  the  roll,  and  whose  own 
political  life  and  character  has  ever  been  marked  by  a 
high  sense  of  probity  and  honor,  we  forbear  to  rake 
open  the  ashes  of  the  dead,  which  a  further  illustration 
of  the  facts  might  warrant,  but  leave  posterity  to  judge 
impartially  for  themselves.  Gen.  Hull  was  a  distant  re- 
lation of  the  brave  Commodore  Hull.  Captain  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1789;  a  distinguished  member  of  the  Cincin- 
nati, He  was  counsel  for  the  Ar.  Co.  in  their  suit  to 
recover  the  Dunstable  lands, — a  man  of  urbanity  and 
gentlemanly  deportment. 

MAJ.   THOMAS   CURTIS s,   Boston,  merchant.     Died 
Nov.  26th,  1823,  aged  59. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1788,  by  David  Osgood, 
Medford— Isaiah  IV.  5th.  Printed. 

1789. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  WILLIAMS,  Boston,  hatter.  Removed 
to  Maine. 

CAPT.  MICHAEL  HOMER,  Boston,  bricklayer.  Died 
Oct.  28th,  1828,  aged  66.  Son  of  Michael,  1768. 

DANIEL  REA,  3d,  Boston,  cooper;  son  of  Daniel, 
1770. 

WILLIAM  WHITTEMORE,  West  Cambridge,  manufac- 
turer. By  a  patent  for  sticking  the  teeth  for  factory 
cards,  &c.  he  accumulated  a  large  property.  Senator 
from  Middlesex,  and  Delegate  at  the  Convention  of 
1820. 

CAPT.  BELA  CLAPP,  Boston ;  father  of  Lieut.  William, 
1820.  Member  of  the  O.  S.  Church. 

JOHN  BAXTER,  Boston,  merchant. 
JOHN  BONNER,  Boston. 


350 

CAPT.  JONAS  S.  BASS,  Boston,  tanner.  Lieutenant 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1797;  Captain  1800.  He  died  at  B, 
September,  1 834,  aged  72. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  CLARK,  Boston. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1789,  by  Thomas  Bar- 
nard, Salem — Isaiah  XI.  13th.  Printed. 

1790. 

MAJOR   JAMES   PHILLIPS,   Boston,  ropemaker.     His 
father,  Isaac,  was  a  merchant.    Major  P.  was  born  in  B. 
May  14th,  1767,  the  youngest  son  of  the  sixth  genera- 
tion, from  Peregrine  White  the  first  born  male  child  in 
Plymouth  Colony,  by  his  grandmother's  side.     His  title 
was  gained  by  being  Brigade  Quarter  Master  to  Gen. 
Winslow.     He   was  brother  of  Capt.   Phillips,    1786. 
He  became  Superintendent  of  the  Alms-house,  and  af- 
terwards Clerk  of  the  Overseers.     In  his  old  age  hav- 
ing brought  up  a  large  family,  this  office   afforded  a 
scanty  living,  but  he  never  lost  his  habit  of  pleasantry. 
For  fifty  years  he  has  enlivened  the  social  meetings  of 
the  Company ;  his  peculiar  eccentric  songs  of  "  Con- 
tentment," "  The  Parson  who'd  a  remarkable  foible," 
"  Gafler  Gray,"  &c,  were  always  enthusiastically  re- 
ceived.    His  venerable  white  locks,  peculiar  tone  and 
gravity  of  manner,  will  long  be  remembered.     He  pos- 
sesses an    amiable   disposition,  frank  manners — great 
benevolence  and  purity.     He  is  now  an  "  active  mem- 
ber" in  tapping  his  "  Barrel  of  Beer"  every  Anniver- 
sary.    He  was  a  judicious  and  efficient  Fireward.    En- 
sign of  the  Ar.  Co.  1798,  Captain,  1802.     His  tomb 
No.  94,  on  the  Common,  was  built  and  owned  jointly 
by  him  and  his  friend  Col.  D.  Messinger. — Sero  in 
ccdum  redeant. 

LIEUT.  ASA  FULLER. 


351 

ENSIGN  JOHN  G.  DOUBLED  AY,  Boston.  Ensign  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1796. 

ENSIGN  JEREMIAH  KAHLER,  Boston,  a  native  of  Ger- 
many, once  an  eminent  merchant  in  Boston,  "  of  great 
activity  in  business,  and  one  who  took  a  lively  interest 
in  all  our  institutions.*  He  remained  an  honorary  as- 
sociate in  the  Ar.  Co.  till  his  death.  He  was  always 
charitable  while  he  had  the  means,  and  ever  ready  in 
acts  of  friendship.  Editors  were  often  indebted  to  him 
for  translations  from  the  Gazettes  of  his  native  coun- 
try. Reverses  of  fortune  did  not  impair  his  habits  of 
industry,  nor  his  power  of  being  useful,  though  they 
limited  his  sphere  of  employment.  He  enjoyed  the 
esteem  of  numerous  acquaintance,  and  his  memory  is 
respected."  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1795.  He  died  at 
Boston,  Feb.  2d,  1829,  aged  86,  extremely  poor. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  COWDIN,  Boston,  son-in-law  of  Gen. 
Davis,  1786. 

EBENEZER  LITTLE  BOYD,  Boston,  merchant,  a  broth- 
er of  Capt.  Boyd,  1786.  Having  for  years  engaged  in 
business  on  Long  Wharf,  he  became  a  Baptist,  was  or- 
dained a  preacher,  and  removed  from  Boston. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1 790,  by  Jonathan  Homer, 
Newton— 1st  Chron.  XII.  33d.  Printed. 

1791. 

CAPT.  SHUBAEL  BELL,  Boston,  housewright.  Deputy 
Sheriff  and  Jailer.  A  man  of  great  generosity  and  hu- 
manity, a  zealous  Episcopalian,  and  many  years  a 
Warden  of  Christ's  Church,  supporting  his  favorite  wor- 
ship during  the  long  period  of  feebleness  in  that  society 
after  the  death  of  Doct.  Walter.  He  was  the  principal 
founder  of  St.  Mathew's  Chapel,  at  South  Boston.  He 
was  very  indu£trious,  but  negligent  of  his  charges  and 
died  poor.  In  early  life  he  married,  but  his  wife  soon 


352 

dying,  he  lived  a  widower  until  far  advanced  in  years 
when  he  married  again,  but  never  had  children.  He 
was  distinguished  as  a  Free  Mason,  one  of  the  first 
Knights  of  Malta  and  Knight  Templars  in  New  Eng- 
land. He  died  at  B.  much  lamented  in  1819. 

» 
CAPT.  JOHN  GARDINER,  Boston,  lawyer. 

LIEUT.  ROBERT  BALL,  Boston. 

SAMUEL  PERKINS,  Boston,  painter,  son  of  Lieut.  CoL 
William,  1765;  Representative  from  B.  He  is  now  a 
member,  residing  at  Roxbury. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  PECK,  Boston,  merchant.  He  devised 
the  plan  of  filling  up  the  Mill  Pond,  and  owned  largely 
therein,  but  not  realizing  his  sanguine  expectations  in  a 
ready  sale,  he  became  involved,  and  removed  to  Ken- 
tucky. 

WILLIAM  WALTER,  Boston,  merchant,  son  of  Rev. 
Doct.  W.  A  Representative. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1791,  by  Samuel  Parker, 
D.  D.  Boston. 

1792.* 

CAPT.  RICHARD  AUSTIN,  Boston,  pewterer.  This 
trade  had  been  a  lucrative  branch  of  manufactures,  but 
about  this  time  began  to  go  out  of  fashion.  The  better 
sort  of  people  used  pewter  platters,  spoons,  plates,  por- 
ringers, &,c,  and  it  was  a  mark  of  poverty  nof  to  see  a 
dresser  abundantly  furnished  with  pewter  ware.  New 
England  housewives  considered  it  a  display  of  luxury. 
Capt.  Austin  was  a  man  of  strict  honesty  and  honor  as 
well  as  liberality.  When  his  trade  declined  he  entered 
into  copartnership  with  George  Blanchard  hereafter 
mentioned.  Mr.  Austin,  deeply  in  debt,  suffered  the 

*  It  is  impossible,  by  the  negligence  of  the  Clerk,  to  distinguish  from  1792  to 
1795,  inclusive,  what  year  each  member  was  admitted. 


353 

latter  part  of  his  life  much  depression.  But  no  creditor 
ever  imprisoned  him,  and  he  was  always  respected. 
Having  married  a  lady  whose  father  was  wealthy  he 
never  knew  want.  He  had  no  children.  He  was  long 
seVerely  afflicted  with  the  stone,  of  which  he  died,  after 
an  ineffectual  operation,  1817.  Although  the  lack  of 
offspring — the  misfortunes  of  business — the  treachery  of 
his  partner  and  the  severity  of  bodily  pain,  cast  a  secret 
gloom  over  his  warm  heart,  yet  he  always  wore  the 
same  cheerful  countenance,  and  died  with  great  forti- 
tude and  resignation.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1800. 
He  died  a  member,  but  was  buried  privately  according 
to  his  request.  If  this  be  a  tribute  of  respect,  it  is  im- 
partial, since  in  his  failure,  the  compiler  lost  all  his 
property. 

WILLIAM  COOLIDGE,  Boston,  an  ingenious  machinist. 

CAPT.  JONATHAN  LORING,  JR,  Boston,  housewright. 
Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1801,  Lieutenant  1807.  He  was 
frequently  elected  to  important  town  offices;  Repre- 
sentative. He  died  at  B.  August  29th,  1 834,  aged  67. 

JOSHUA  THOMAS,  Boston,  physician. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  WALDRON  SUMNER,  Boston,  house- 
Wright,  was  wealthy  and  retired  to  Brookline  where  he 
cultivated  a  small  but  good  farm.  He  was  employed 
as  a  draftsman,  superintendant  or  referee  respecting 
building  contracts,  and  for  several  years  was  a  Boston 
Representative.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1799,  and  con- 
tinues a  member.  When  the  Ar.  Co.  were  embar- 
rassed he  gave  the  largest  sum  towards  its  liberation, 
viz.  $50  50. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  HOWE,  JR.  Boston,  turner,  son  of  John, 
1773  ;  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1802;  died  May,  1828. 

LIEUT.  GEORGE  SINGLETON,  JR,  Boston,  cooper ;  the 
first  2d  Lieutenant  of  the  Columbian  Artillery.  When 


•15 


354 

Bray  was  made  Major,  Singleton,  a  good  officer  and 
thriving  mechanic,  was  superseded,  and  his  spirits  were 
so  mortified  that  he  became  dissipated  and  soon  died 
poor,  leaving  a  large  family. 

WILLIAM  BASS. 

JOHN  S.  LOWELL,  Boston,  merchant,  died  at  Bom- 
bay, Dec.  1796,  aged  27. 

COL.  DANIEL  MES SINGER,  Boston,  hatter,  son  of 
Daniel,  a  farmer  in  Wrentham,  where  Col.  M.  was  born 
June  27th,  1768.  He  was  first  an  officer  in  the  militia, 
founded  the  Light  Infantry  Corps,  called  the  Winslow 
Blues,*  and  was  long  their  first  Captain,  a  good  disci- 
plinarian and  that  corps  flourished  under  his  command. 
Upon  the  organization  of  the  Light  Infantry  companies 
in  Boston  into  a  Sub-legion,  he  was  elected  Major  and 
continued  in  that  station  until  the  Legionary  Brigade 
was  reorganized  as  the  3d  Brigade  of  1st  Division, 
1 809,  when  the  Light  Infantry  companies  were  distrib- 
uted among  the  three  regiments ;  the  Fusilliers  and 
Washington  Light  Infantry  assigned  to  the  first — the 
Boston  Light  Infantry  to  the  second,  and  soon  after  the 
New  England  guards  were  formed.  The  Winslow  Blues 
were  assigned  to  the  third;  the  Rangers,  at  first  Light 
Infantry,  now  Riflemen,  were  soon  added.  Col.  M. 
was  chosen  first  as  Lieut.  Col.  Commandant  of  the 
third  Regiment  and  held  that  office  until  a  law  was 
passed  to  conform  to  a  law  of  the  United  States,  giving 
all  Lieut.  Colonels  Commandant  a  brevet  commission. 
Regiments  thereafter  were  organized  by  having  a  Col- 
onel, &c.  agreeable  to  the  more  ancient  method.  Upon 
the  resignation  of  Gen.  A.  Wells  of  3d  Brigade  he  was 
chosen  to  succeed  him  but  declined,  and  Gen.  Sullivan 
being  elected  he  resigned. 

He  was  Lieutenant  of  the   Ar.  Co.   1800,  Captain 

*  Named  in  honor  of  their  patron  Gen.  J.  Winslow. 


355 

1804,  and  1810,  and  always  an  active  and  useful  mem- 
ber. He  was  Delegate  in  the  Convention  of  1820,  an 
intelligent  and  valuable  member  of  the  Mass.  Char. 
Mechanic  Association.  He  was  repeatedly  chosen  a 
Representative  and  Senator  of  Suffolk.  His  modest 
diffidence  in  his  abilities  induced  him  to  decline  higher 
honors,  civil  and  military.  He  had  a  musical  voice 
and  pleasant  manner,  which  endeared  him  to  his  com- 
panions, who  delighted  in  his  old  fashioned  songs  of 
My  Friend  and  Pitcher,  Green  grmv  the  rushes  Oh,  To- 
morrow, &,c.  We  may  justly  say  he  has  been  an  orna- 
ment to  the  Boston  mechanics — universally  esteemed' 
at  the  present  time  and  through  a  long  life.  % 

OLIVER  GRIDLEY,  Boston,  died  at  Providence,  R.  L 
1831. 

ROBERT  HOMES,  Boston,  grandson  of  Capt.  William, 
1747. 

HUMPHREY  CLARK,  Boston,  tailor ;  a  man  of  amiable 
disposition.  He  acquired  a  handsome  property  by 
honest  industry,  but  lost  it  by  the  fluctuation  of  affairs, 
and  with  it  his  energy.  He  had  an  excellent  wife  and 
virtuous,  intelligent  offspring.  The  education  he  had 
given  them  was  their  capital,  where  there  could  be  no 
failure.  One  of  his  sons,  an  accomplished  merchant, 
received  a  present  from  the  insurance  offices  for  his 
intrepidity  in  saving  a  ship  and  cargo  from  England  at 
sea.  Mr.  Clark  was  messenger  to  the  Board  of  Health, 
and  finally  spent  the  last  years  of  his  life  in  solitude  at 
Danvers,  and  died  May  7th,  1829,  aged  67. 

COL.  NEHEMIAH  FREEMAN,  Boston;  an  officer  in 
the  U.  S.  Army,  and  rose  to  be  Colonel.  He  long 
commanded  at  Fort  Independence,  but  left  the  army  ; 
many  young  officers  so  swiftly  rose  beyond  him  in  the 
road  of  promotion,  and  became  prison  keeper  in  Bos- 
ton, and  soon  after  died. 


356 

JOHN  WELLS,  Boston,  coppersmith,  brother  of 
Thomas,  1811;  was  Deacon  of  the  New  North  Church, 
and  a  Representative.  He  died  Oct.  14th,  1832,  aged 
69.  "  He  was  an  honest  man  in  the  truest  sense." 

COL.  JOSEPH  LORING,  JR,  Boston,  son  of  Joseph, 
1788.  He  was  a  dashing  Cornhill  shopkeeper.  Hav- 
ing failed  in  business  and  changed  his  politics,  disap- 
pointed in  not  sustaining  a  commissioned  office,  he 
became  a  violent  partizan  and  first  Captain  of  the 
Washington  Light  Infantry.  By  his  temper  he  kept 
the  whole  Brigade  in  a  continual  ferment.  At  a  Brig- 
ade Muster  he  marched  on  to  the  parade  with  his  two 
subalterns,  four  sergeants  and  music  without  a  single 
private.  For  this  he  was  tried  by  a  Court  Martial  but 
acquitted ;  the  doings  of  the  Court  were  disapproved 
by  Gen.  Elliot,  who  ordered  it,  and  by  the  voice  of  dis- 
interested men.  He  was  never  contented  with  his  rank 
if  the  highest ;  would  neither  be  satisfied  to  have  his 
Company  considered  Infantry  or  Light  Infantry,  and 
was  ever  at  variance  with  his  brother  officers.  At 
length  he  was  again  tried  by  a  Court  Martial,  broken, 
and  disqualified  from  holding  any  office  in  the  militia. 
Yet  he  had  the  address  to  obtain  in  high  party  times  a 
Colonel's  commission  in  the  U.  S.  Army  in  the  war  of 
1812.  He  reaped  no  laurels,  and  was  one  of  the  first 
officers  dropped  upon  the  return  of  peace.  After  this 
he  became  an  officer  in  the  custom-house.  His  rest- 
less temper  finally  let  him  down  to  insignificance. 
After  his  disgrace  harmony  was  restored,  and  from  that 
time  there  has  been  no  lack  of  subordination  or  im- 
provement in  the  Boston  militia. 

BENJAMIN  GOLDTHWAIT. 

GIDEON  BATEY,  Boston,  merchant. 

SAMUEL  HAMMOND,  Boston,  cordvvainer,  born  in  Lin- 


357 

coin,  and  his  original  Christian  name  was  Asa.     He 
became  wealthy,  and  died  at  B.  Nov.  1838,  aged  71. 

CAPT.  EDMUND  BOWMAN,  Boston,  cordwainer,  born 
in  Lincoln,  1771.  He  came  with  Hammond  (preced- 
ing) poor  boys  to  Boston,  and  for  a  while  succeeded  in 
business,  but  being  a  more  convivial  companion  and 
possessed  of  a  melodious  voice,  he  never  accumulated 
property.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1803;  Captain, 
1807.  He  was  an  excellent  drill  officer,  and  during 
his  command  the  Ar.  Co.  was  better  instructed  than 
they  had  been  for  many  years.  His  display  on  the 
election  day  when  he  resigned  (1808)  was  accurate 
and  brilliant,  prepared  and  executed  with  the  most  per- 
fect ease.  He  was  so  poor  when  chosen  that  he  de- 
clined the  office.  The  expenses  of  a  commander  then 
exceeded  $100.  Yet  his  friends  insisted  on  his  accept- 
ing, agreed  to  pay  all  his  expenses,  and  gave  him  the 
most  liberal  support.  During  the  embargo  he  was 
master  of  a  special  revenue  cutter  in  Boston  harbor, 
and  soon  after  died,  leaving  an  interesting  family. 

THOMAS  BARTLETT,  Boston,  apothecary,  son  of  Capt. 
John,  1769.  He  long  kept  the  sign  of  the  Good  Sa- 
maritan in  Old  Cornhill,  which  originally  was  -painted 
with  "  a  Priest  passing  by  on  the  other  side."  This 
was  soon  erased,  because  the  painter  had  copied  the 
portrait  and  costume  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Walter  of  Christ 
Church,  with  his  full  wig  so  exactly  that  travellers  were 
wont  to  recognize  the  likeness,  probably  too  near  a  re- 
semblance in  another  point  of  view. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  THWING,  Boston,  baker. 

THOMAS  GREEN. 

DUDLEY  WALKER,  Boston,  shopkeeper. 

JOHN  OSBORN,  Boston,  merchant;  died  Aug.  1819. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  S.  LILLIE,  Boston. 


358 

SAMUEL  HILL,  Boston;  died  1796,  aged  27 — en- 
graver. 

SAMUEL  WATTS,  Boston,  sailmaker. 

GEORGE  MAKEPEACE,  JR,  Boston,  merchant. 
JOHN  WINNECK. 
JOHN  HAYWARD. 

MAJ.  GEORGE  BLA.NCHARD,  Boston,  truckman.  He 
was  rough  in  speech  and  haughty  in  manners,  but 
accumulated  a  valuable  property,  principally  in  real 
estate,  and  lived  in  a  degree  of  splendor.  *  *  *  * 
*******  Gen.  Winslow  appointed  him 
his  Brigade  Major  by  which  he  gained  his  title.  He 
was  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1801 ;  Captain,  1805; 
Ensign,  1811 ;  Treasurer  of  the  Ar.  Co.  and  Represen- 
tative several  years.  About  1810,  he  entered  into 
copartnership  with  Capt.  Austin,  before  spoken  of,  as  a 
broker.  His  acquaintances  placed  large  sums  in  their 
hands  on  their  single  security  as  bankers,  and  they 
gained  general  confidence.  Suddenly  they  failed,  and 
his  real  estate,  valued  at  fifty  thousand  dollars,  which 
had  been  free  of  incumbrance  was  attached.  Very 
little  personal  property  was  ever  found  and  no  explana- 
tion given.  Blanchard  was  suspected,  and  committed 
to  prison,  but  after  severe  examination  permitted  to 
take  the  poor  debtor's  oath.  The  Ar.  Co.  lost  nothing 
by  him  as  Treasurer  by  the  vigilance  of  his  successor, 
but  the  Washington  Benevolent  Society  lost  the  whole 
of  their  large  funds.  He  lived,  as  it  were,  in  obscurity, 
till  December  17th,  1820,  when,  after  eating  a  lobster 
supper,  he  retired  to  bed  and  never  awoke.  He  was 
49  years  old  when  he  died,  and  was  buried  privately. 
Tomb  No.  127,  on  the  Common. 

ZECHARIAH  SEAVER. 

JONATHAN  KILTON,  Boston,  baker. 


359 

LIEUT.  JOHN  WHEELWRIGHT,  Boston,  merchant.  An 
effective  officer  of  the  customs,  much  beloved.  When 
Gen.  Jackson's  reign  commenced,  he  was  displaced,  or 
"  reformed  ;"  but  the  citizens  immediately  elected  him 
Representative. 

DANIEL  COWDIN,  Boston. 

JOSEPH  BAXTER,  JR,  Boston,  merchant.  Died  at 
Fayette,  Maine,  September,  1828,  aged  59. 

ENSIGN  NAHUM  PIPER,  Boston,  merchant.  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1805. 

ENSIGN  OLIVER  HOLDEN,  Charlestown.  Represent- 
ative. 

THOMAS  NEIL. 

COL.  ROBERT  GARDNER,  Boston,  merchant.  He  lived 
in  the  Vernon  house,  in  Charter  street.  Captain  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1799.  He  was  born  in  Boston,  and  married 
Sarah,  daughter  of  Gilbert  Dench,  Esq,  of  Hopkinton, 
Mass.  He  was  the  founder  and  first  Captain  of  the 
Columbian  Artillery,  then  Lieut.  Colonel  in  the  Legion- 
ary Brigade  on  its  formation.  Having  had  a  family 
quarrel  with  General  Winslow,  who  married  his  cousin, 
he  changed  his  politics  from  violent  Federalist,  and 
joined  with  Joseph  Loring,  in  his  military  quarrels.  He 
was  cashiered  by  a  Court  Martial,  being  deprived  of  the 
privilege  of  holding  office  in  the  militia.  He  was  then 
appointed  an  officer  in  the  U.  S.  Army,  and  made  a 
Commissary  of  prisoners  of  war ;  but,  having  failed  as 
a  merchant  and  auctioneer,  and  being  displaced  from 
the  Commissary  department,  and  the  office  of  Secretary 
of  the  Board  of  Health,  he  removed,  with  the  remains  of 
his  family,  to  Washington,  where  he  soon  died  suddenly, 
in  the  street.  He  was  above  the  middle  stature,  of  a 
noble  form,  open  and  fair  countenance.  Although  of  a 
generous  and  free  spirit,  his  temper  was  too  much  tine- 


360 

tured  with  pride  and  passion.     He  was  the  compiler's 
only  uncle,  by  the  mother's  side. 

ROWLAND  FREEMAN,  Boston,  merchant.  Died  April, 
1820. 

WILLIAM  GREENOUGH,  son  of  Maj.  G.  1740. 

MAJOR  CHARLES  CLEMENT,  Boston,  housewright. 
Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1804. 

JOHN  RUSSELL,  Boston,  printer;  brother  of  Major 
Benjamin  R.  1788  ;  was  long  one  of  the  firm  which 
printed  the  Gazette.  He  retired  to  private  life  at  Bath, 
Maine,  where  he  died,  August  23d,  1831,  aged  70. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  ALEXANDER,  Boston,  cabinet  maker. 
He  never  held  office  in  the  militia.  Lieutenant  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1802  ;  Captain  1806.  He  was,  in  early  life,  a 
steady,  industrious,  modest  man,  having  peculiar  talents 
as  an  officer.  The  offices  of  the  Ar.  Co.  were  almost 
forced  upon  him  by  his  friends,  who  wished  to  advance 
him  in  society.  He  became  intemperate,  lost  his  prop- 
erty, and  died  in  Boston  almshouse,  a  few  years  after, 
neglected  and  forgotten.  He  had  been  an  excellent 
husband  and  father,  but  his  wife  and  children  totally 
neglected  him,  even  in  his  last  moments.  He  lived  in 
a  day  of  unprecedented  prosperity  and  dissipation,  that 
swept  off,  in  its  fatal  current,  many  of  the  best  mechan- 
ics, as  well  as  others. 

RUFUS  DAVENPORT,  Boston,  merchant.  He  invested 
his  property  in  the  grand  speculation  at  Cambridgeport, 
and  failed.  His  creditors  would  not  take  his  lands,  and 
he  remained  years  a  prisoner  on  the  limits.  He  became 
almost  insane  against  imprisonment  for  debt.  His  assi- 
duity in  the  poor  debtor's  cause  made  many  avoid  him 
for  his  importunity.  He  died  about  1838,  his  cause 
having  prevailed. 

WILLIAM  JACKSON,  Boston,  tallow-chandler. 


361 

JAMES  HARRISON,  Boston,  merchant;  accumulated  a 
large  property,  and  removed  to  Charlestown,  where  he 
died,  poor.  He  was  a  Baptist  Deacon,  philanthropic, 
much  esteemed,  and  a  distinguished  Free-Mason. 

SAMUEL  TOWN  SEND,  Boston. 

CAPT.  EPHRAIM  PRESCOTT,  Boston,  shopkeeper.  He 
went  to  China,  where  he  procured  a  large  punch-bowl 
(ten  gallons)  to  be  made,  with  the  Company's  name, 
&c.  thereon  ;  but,  dying  on  the  passage  homeward,  the 
intended  present  did  not  come  to  the  knowledge  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  for  many  years.  It  was  preserved  by  his  widow, 
who  became  poor.  Nearly  thirty  years  afterwards,  it 
was  accidentally  discovered  and  purchased  by  Hon. 
Jonathan  Hunnewell,  for  $15,  and  presented  by  him  to 
the  corps.  It  ha&been  kept  with  great  care,  and  is 
used  only  on  the  anniversary. 

CAPT.  JOSHUA  EATON,  Boston. 

DAVID  W.  CHILD,  Boston,  merchant.  A  man  of 
wealth;  Alderman  and  Representative.  Died  Feb.  1st, 
1830.  A  member  of  the  O.  S.  Church. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1792,  by  Joseph  Eckley, 
D.  D.  Boston— Ps.  LXXXV.  -llth;  1793,  by  Peter 
Thacher,  D.  D.  Boston— Judges  XVIII.  7th;*  1794, 
by  Samuel  West,  D.  D.  Boston— 2d  Tim.  II.  3d;  1795, 
by  JohnT.  Kirkland,  D.  D.  Boston— Ps.  LXXVI.  10th  ; 
1796,  by  William  Bentley,  D.  D.  Salem— Prov.  XXX. 
5th,  6th.  All  printed. 

1796. 

LIEUT.  BENJAMIN  COATES,  Boston,  merchant.  En- 
sign of  the  Ar.  Co.  1803  ;  Lieutenant  1808.  He  died 
Dec.  2d,  1827,  aged  61. 

*  Samuel  Parker,  Boston,  is  the  first  instance  since  the  settlement  of  the  country, 
of  an  Episcopal  clergyman  preaching  an  Election  Sermon.  He  preached  the  Court 
Election  Sermon  in  1793. 

46 


362 

CAPT.  SOLOMON  PHIPPS,  Charlestown.  Died  Feb. 
16th,  1822,  aged  66. 

JOHN  P.  DUNCKLE,  Charlestown,  Constable. 

ANDREW  DUNLAP,  JR,  Boston,  brewer. 

CAPT.  JOHN  MILLER,  JR,  Boston. 

MAJ.  AMASA  STETSON,  Boston,  merchant.  Major  of 
a  Sub-legion,  and  cashiered  by  the  same  Court  with  Col. 
R.  Gardner. 

JOTHAM  BARNES,  Boston,  merchant. 

SETH  ADAMS. 

EDWARD  BRINLEY,  Boston. 

JOHN  KENNEDY,  Boston,  merchant. 

ENSIGN  WILLIAM  JEPSON,  Boston,  ^ousewright.  En- 
sign of  the  Ar.  Co.  1806. 

LIEUT.  COL.  PETER  OSGOOD,  Boston,  bricklayer,  was 
born  at  Lancaster,  1771.  He  removed  to  Boston  1790, 
with  his  schoolmate,  Col.  Whitney,  with  whom  he  com- 
menced business.  He  was  Captain  of  militia,  Major  of  a 
Sub-legion,  and  Lieut.  Col.  Commandant  of  the  2d  Reg- 
iment, which  office  he  held  till  the  peace,  1815.  Lieu- 
tenant of  the  Ar.  Co.  1806  ;  Captain  1809.  He  failed, 
and  was  supported  by  the  industry  of  his  wife.  He  owed 
his  military  distinction  to  his  neutrality  in  politics.  He 
died  about  1833. 

ENSIGN  ELIJAH  DAVENPORT,  Boston,  merchant; 
brother  of  Rufus,  1795.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1804. 
A  member  of  the  O.  S.  Church. 

WARD  JACKSON,  Boston,  housewright.  Deacon  of 
the  3d  Baptist  Church, 

PETER  OILMAN. 

CHARLES  NOLEN,  Boston,  merchant.  Removed  to 
Philadelphia,  and  died  March  20th,  1838,  aged  70. 

EDWARD  B.  WALKER,  Boston,  hatter. 


363 

COL.  JONATHAN  WHITNEY,  Boston,  bricklayer,  was 
born  at  Lancaster,  March  27th,  1771,  and  served  his 
time  at  Claremont.  In  1790  he  removed  to  Boston, 
and  commenced  partnership  with  Col.  Osgood,  which 
continued  many  years.  They  did  extensive  business, 
but,  before  their  dissolution,  failed.  Whitney  became 
dejected,  and  there  was  danger  of  his  becoming  a  loss 
to  his  family  and  society  ;  but  he  entered  into  the  stone 
and  lime  business,  which  was  very  profitable,  and  again 
acquired  property.  He  married  a  daughter  of  Capt. 
Stetson,  1765,  and  their  family  was  well  educated  and 
highly  respectable.  For  many  years  he  would  not  ac- 
cept any  commission  in  the  militia,  until,  in  high  party 
times,  he  was  elected  a  Captain  of  one  of  the  Ward 
Companies,  by  one  vote.  The  election  was  contested, 
and  he  thereby  induced  to  accept.  He  was  promoted 
Major  of  the  2d  Regiment,  and  succeeded  Osgood  as 
Lieut.  Colonel,  and  when  the  State  law  was  altered,  he 
received  the  brevet  commission  as  Colonel.  He  was 
a  superior  officer  to  Col.  Osgood, — a  man  of  sound 
judgment  and  strong  mind.  He  was  repeatedly  Repre- 
sentative, and  one  of  the  warmest  Federalists  of  the  day. 
Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1807;  Lieutenant  1810;  Cap- 
tain 1813;  and  was  always  strongly  attached  to  the  in- 
stitution. A  man  of  great  benevolence — but  his  charity 
was  not  ostentatious.  He  chose  the  private  way  of  ad- 
vice and  encouragement  in  business  to  his  unfortunate 
brother  mechanics.  He  died  at  Brookline,  in  the  spring 
of  1839. 

BENJAMIN  WEST,  Boston,  merchant ;  son  of  Rev.  Mr. 
West,  of  Hollis  street  Church,  where  he  became  a  Dea- 
con. A  man  of  unblemished  character.  He  died  at 
Charlestown,  N.  H.  March  25th,  1829,  aged  53. 

In  June,  1796,  at  the  Anniversary  printed  cards  of 
invitation  were  first  used  for  invited  guests. 


364 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1797,  by  Henry  Ware, 
Hingham— 1st  Cor.  XII,  25th,  26th. 

1798. 
ENSIGN  DEXTER  DANA,  Boston,  merchant.     Ensign 

9  *  O 

of  the  Ar.  Co.  1808  and  several  years  Clerk.  He  fail- 
ed, but  being  discharged  from  his  creditors,  commenced 
business  as  a  grocer  and  failed  again.  Soon  after  he 
became  deranged,  and  was  removed  to  Portland,  where 
he  lived  with  his  family  several  years,  supported  by  his 
brothers,  and  died  poor,  Oct.  1 822,  aged  50. 

DAVID  DEVENS,  Charlestown,  merchant. 
DAVID  STETSON. 

CAPT.  MELZAR  HOLMES,  Charlestown,  merchant, was 
born  in  Kingston.  He  was  enterprising  in  business,  an 
excellent  officer,  and  one  of  the  founders  and  Captain 
of  the  Warren  Phalanx.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1805;  Captain  1808.  When  the  election  day  for  his 
resignation  occurred,  (1809,)  old  Faneuil  Hall  was  un- 
dergoing repairs  and  enlargement,  (doubled  in  width 
and  raised  one  story,)  and  the  Ar.  Co.  dined  in  the  Ex- 
change Coffee-House.  After  dinner,  the  rain  poured 
in  torrents,  and  the  Company  exchanged  badges  in  the 
large  area  in  the  centre.  The  spacious  galleries  were 
crowded  to  excess.  That  elegant  orator,  Gov.  Gore, 
presided.  Capt.  Holmes  became,  soon  after,  embar- 
rassed by  the  restrictive  measures  of  the  U.  S.  Govern- 
ment. His  enterprise  then  led  him  to  the  West  Indies, 
where  he  fell  a  victim  to  the  prevailing  fever. 

JOSEPH  CALLENDER,  JR.  Boston,  shopkeeper.  He 
took  advantage  of  the  Bankrupt  Act,  and  became  a 
grocer,  and  brought  up  a  numerous  family.  Clerk  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  one  year.  He  died  May,  1823,  aged  60, 
A  member  of  the  Old  South  Church. 


365 

JOSHUA   GARDNER,   JR,   Boston,   brother  of  -Capt. 
Lemuel,  1787,  died  1799,  aged  58. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1798,  by  Nathaniel  Thay- 
er,  Lancaster,  Prov.  XVI.  32d.     Printed. 

1799. 
CAPT.  THOMAS  OLIVER  LARKIN. 

JOSIAH  MARSHALL,   Boston,  merchant;  Alderman; 

Representative;  died  suddenly  in  1841. 

•fi'i 
BENJAMIN  HALE,  Boston. 

EDWARD  GOODWIN,  Charlestown. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1799,  by  William  Emer- 
son, Harvard,  (Boston) — Ps.  CXLIX.  6th.    Printed.  - 

1800. 

HENRY  MESSINGER,  Boston,  hatter.     Brother  of  Col. 
M.  1792. 

HENRY  BRAZER,  Boston. 

In  May,  1800,  while  Col.  R.  Gardner  commanded 
the  Ar.  Co.  it  was  voted,  that  there  should  be  a  fourth 
officer  chosen  at  the  next  election,  with  the  rank  of 
Second  Lieutenant,  and  to  be  called  the  Adjutant. 
Upon  consultation  with  his  Excellency  and  the  oldest 
members,  the  project  of  having  a  fourth  officer  was,  at 
the  next  meeting  in  the  Senate  Chamber  of  the  Old 
State  House,  reconsidered.  Col.  G.  was  at  this  time 
Captain  of  the  Columbian  Artillery.  This  Company 
was  formed  about  the  year  1799,  and  from  the  circum- 
stance of  their  officers  being  selected  from  the  Ar.  Co. 
we  may  trace  their  origin  to  it.  We  may  also  trace 
the  origin  of  other  light  corps  in  Boston  in  the  same 
manner ;  for,  as  observed  in  the  commencement  of  this 
work,  the  Ar.  Co.  was  the  source  from  which  the  mili- 
tary character  of  New  England  may  be  traced.  The 


366 

Washington  Light  Infantry  was  founded  soon  after  by 
Col.  Joseph  Loring,  jr,  and  Lieut.  Ezra  Davis,  mem- 
bers of  the  Ar.  Co. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1 800,  by  David  Kellogg, 
Framingham — Judges  VII.  18th. 

1801. 
SAMUEL  DOWNER,  Boston,  merchant. 

MAJOR  SAMUEL  LARKIN,  Boston.  Removed  to  Ports- 
mouth, N.  H.  auctioneer. 

CAPT.  JOHN  BINNEY,  Boston,  merchant.  Captain  of 
the  North  End  Artillery.  Captain  in  the  U.  S.  army 
in  the  war  of  1812.  Alderman  and  Representative. 
He  died  Sept.  30,  1838,  aged  58. 

SAMUEL  BRIGHT,  Boston. 
ISAIAH  LUCAS. 

LIEUT.  RICHARD  EDWARDS,  Boston,  merchant ;  after- 
wards auctioneer.  Now  lives  in  N.  York  City.  He  is 
uncle  to  Major  E.  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1822. 

ENSIGN  ISAAC  P.  SIMPSON,  Boston,  mason.  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1809. 

MAJOR  ASA  HATCH,  Boston.  Major  of  a  Sub-legion; 
cashiered  by  the  same  Court  with  Col.  R.  Gardner. 

LIEUT.  EZRA  DAVIS,  Boston,  merchant ;  first  Ensign 
of  the  Washington  Light  Infantry. 

SAMUEL  BILLINGS,  Boston,  merchant ;  Alderman, 
Representative,  Senator. 

JOHN  B.  HAMMATT,  Boston,  upholsterer.     He  resided 
with  his  family  about  ten  years  at  Alexandria,  D.  C. 
GEORGE  NOBLE,  Boston,  merchant. 
CAPT.  SAMUEL  WILLIAMS,  Boston. 
LIEUT.  JEREMIAH  GARDNER,  JR,  Boston,  housewright 


367 

Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1 809.     He  became  poor,  re- 
moved to  Hingham,  and  died  May  15th,  1826,  aged  51. 

ENSIGN  JAMES  BIRD,  Boston,  housewright.  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1810.  He  died  May,  1835,  aged  63. 

ABRAHAM  BUTTERFIELD. 

DANIEL  G.  INGERSOLL,  Boston,  jeweller. 

THOMAS  HILLYARD. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1801,  by  John  S.  Popkin, 
Boston— Neh.  IV.  18th. 

1802. 

ENSIGN  LEVI  MELCHER,  Boston,  merchant.  Armorer, 
and  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1814. 

LIEUT.  JACOB  HALL,  Boston,  distiller.  Lieutenant 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1813,  and  Treasurer  several  years.  Al- 
derman, Representative,  Senator  and  Councillor. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1802,  by  Abiel  Abbott, 
Haverhill— Ephes.  V.  29th.  Printed. 

1803. 
JOSHUA  B.  WOOD,, Boston. 

The  division  order  of  Gen.  Elliot  for  creating  the 
Washington  Light  Infantry,  is  dated  July  7th,  1803, 
and  their  first  officers  were  elected  July  29th,  viz. — 
Blake,  Captain ;  Joseph  Loring,  Jr,  Lieutenant,  and 
Ezra  Davis,  Ensign.  Blake  did  not  accept,  and  Au- 
gust 14th,  1803,  the  Company  elected  Joseph  Loring, 
Jr,  Captain,  and  Davis,  Lieutenant,  and  Edmund  Mun- 
roe,  Ensign. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1803 ;  by  Jedediah  Morse, 
D.  D.  Charlestown— Ps.  LXXV1I.  5th.  Printed. 


368 


1804. 

WILLIAM  MARSTON,  Boston,  merchant.  This  man 
possessed  a  most  savage  temper.  He  was  repeatedly 
prosecuted  for  high-handed  assaults  and  batteries.  One 
instance  is  characteristic  of  his  disposition.  He  had  a 
small,  indigent  girl,  of  tender  years,  a  servant  in  his 
family,  whom  he  repeatedly  whipped,  for  small  faults, 
severely,  until  she  was  so  intimidated  as  to  shudder  in 
his  presence.  This  man  was  a  violent  anti-mason. 
He  died  at  Woonsocket  Falls,  August  8,  1836,  aged 
58. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1804;  by  Joseph  Tuck- 
erman,  Chelsea— Mattv  XL  19th.  Printed. 

1805. 
LIEUT.  NATHANIEL  BROWN,  Boston. 

DAVID  FORSAITH,  Boston,  shopkeeper,  afterwards 
auctioneer.  Died  suddenly  in  the  street,  April  9th, 
1824,  aged  52. 

NATHANIEL  CLARKE,  Boston. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  L.  CHASE,  Boston,  shopkeeper.  An 
officer  in  the  U.  S.  Army,  1812. 

CHARLES  DAVIES,  Boston,  coppersmith. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1805;  by  Thaddeus  M. 
Harris,  D.  D.  Dorchester— 2  Peter,  I.  10th,  llth. 
Printed. 

1806. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  HOWE,  Boston,  tinman ;  was  born 
July  9th,  1782,  in  the  mansion  house  of  his  grandfather 
in  Marshall's  Lane,  which  was  built  in  1701,  and  on 
which  is  now  seen  a  coat  of  arms  in  the  brick  work. 
Capt.  Howe  first  joined  the  Winslow  Blues,  and  was  a 


369 

promising  officer.  When  a  vacancy  of  Captain  occurred 
by  the  promotion  of  Col.  Messinger,  they  superseded 
Capt.  H.  on  account  of  his  strictness  in  discipline.  He 
immediately  left  that  corps  and  joined  the  Ar.  Co.  who 
made  him  their  Orderly,  and  in  1812,  Ensign,  and  Cap- 
tain, 1814.  He  removed  from  the  State. 

SAMUEL  WALDRON,  Boston,  housewright. 

CALEB  EDDY,  Boston,  merchant ;  son  of  Benjamin, 
master  mariner,  and  cousin  to  the  compiler's  mother. 
Alderman.  He  married  an  accom- 
plished young  lady  of  fortune.  After  paying  his  ad- 
dresses to  her  a  considerable  time  and  she  giving  him 
no  convenient  opportunity  to  offer  his  hand,  he  made 
bold  to  do  it  at  a  party  of  their  numerous  young  friends. 
She  replied  with  composure  she  would  take  thirty  days 
to  consider  of  it.  When  the  time  expired,  another 
party  had  collected,,  and  he  reminded  her  of  its  expira- 
tion and  requested  an  answer.  She  replied,  Sir,  you 
know,  as  a  merchant,  that  every  note  payable  at  given 
time,  has  three  days'  grace.  Here  the  subject  again 
was  dropped.  When  the  grace  had  expired,  she  placed 
herself  at  his  disposal  without  further  importunity. 
Thus  was  this  singular  and  courteous  courtship  begun 
and  ended.  A  very  enterprising  and  popular  citizen 
and  an  excellent  man. 

MAJ.  THOMAS  DEAN,  Boston,  printer,  afterwards 
broker,  of  the  celebrated  firm  of  Gilbert  &  Dean.  He 
passed  through  various  misfortunes  in  business  which 
he  bore  with  firmness,  and  ever  had  the  reputation  of 
strict  integrity.  He  was  indefatigable  in  his  industry, 
and  had  a  large  and  interesting  family.  But  a  sad  mis- 
fortune among  his  numerous  circle  of  promising  chil- 
dren was  too  much  for  his  benevolent  heart.  He  died 
somewhat  suddenly  of  a  violent  fever,  leaving  his  family 

47 


370 

poor.     He  was  second  Major,  2d  Regiment,  1809-10. 
Lieut,  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1812  ;  Captain,  1819. 

In  September,  1819,  the  Ar.  Co.  were  desirous  of  expressing  their 
veneration  for  the  surviving  members,  admitted  before  the  Revolu- 
tion. It  was  ascertained  that  only  fifteen  were  living.  Maj.  Thomas 
Bumstead,  the  oldest  person  on  the  roll,  invited  all  those  in  Boston 
or  its  vicinity  to  his  house.  Eight  attended  ;  their  ages  were  as  fol- 
lows. Maj.  Bumstead,  79;  Capt.  John  Simpkins,  79 ;  Lieut.  William 
Homes,  78 ;  Capt.  Joseph  Pierce,  74 ;  Mr.  Samuel  Belknap,  68 ;  Capt. 
Joseph  Eaton,  70 ;  Capt.  William  Todd,  72,  and  Capt.  Nathaniel 
Call,  74.  To  whom  in  a  body,  the  Ar.  Co.  under  command  of  Maj. 
Dean,  paid  the  usual  salutes,  and  were  then  invited  to  partake  of  the 
hospitality  of  Maj.  B.  in  company  with  the  above  named  ancient 
members.  The  following  anecdote  was  related  by  Maj.  B.  at  the 
time.  "  On  the  day  when  the  news  of  Gen.  Burgoyne's  defeat 
arrived,  some,  doubtful  of  the  authenticity  of  the  fact,  denied  it.  A 
number  of  the  Ar.  Co.  being  present,  one  of  them  offered  a  bet, 
which  was  accepted.  In  the  afternoon  when  the  report  was  satisfac- 
torily confirmed,  the  members  assembled  at  Maj.  B.'s  to  drink  the 
punch.  It  was  prepared  in  a  large  china  bowl,  which  held  ten  gal- 
lons." From  this  bowl  the  Company  partook  on  this  occasion. 
Maj.  Dean  died  Sept.  9th,  1826,  aged  48.  The  Ar.  Co.  attended 
his  funeral  in  citizen's  dress. 

LIEUT.  HENRY  FOWLE,  Boston,  block  and  pump 
maker ;  died  at  Boston,  March,  1837,  aged  70. 

CAPT.  DAVID  FRANCIS,  Boston,  bookseller.  A  foun- 
der and  first  person  Lieutenant  of  the  Rangers.  Rep- 
resentative. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  BOWMAN,  Boston,  hatter.  He  kept 
in  Ann  Street  and  flourished  in  business,  but  having 
failed  lost  all  exertion,  but  was  addicted  to  no  vice. 
He  became  so  poor  that  he  was  ragged  and  would  sleep 
on  the  floor  near  the  stoves  of  the  Court  House  in  win- 
ter. In  this  situation  he  was  discovered  one  cold 
morning,  by  a  jury  who  had  been  out  all  night,  and 
some  of  which  were  members  of  the  Ar.  Co.  his  former 
associates.  They  interested  themselves  in  his  condi- 


371 

tion,  and  obtained  for  him  a  commission  as  Ensign  in 
the  army  of  1812.  He  immediately  repaired  to  Sack- 
ett's  Harbor,  engaged  in  several  battles  on  the  lines, 
and  by  his  cool  bravery  rose  to  the  rank  of  Captain. 
Upon  the  restoration  of  peace  he  returned  to  Boston, 
and  resumed  his  occupation.  He  died  at  Cambridge- 
port,  1820. 

LIEUT.  ROBERT  FENNELLY,  Boston,  apothecary,  highly 
respected.  He  acquired  a  handsome  estate,  but  had 
no  children.  Lieut,  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1815.  Alderman. 
Representative.  He  died  Sept.  22d,  1828,  aged  53. 

He  was  Warden  of  Christ's  Church,  but  joined  the  Baptists. 
While  Warden,  the  minister  and  church  members,  male  and  female, 
met  at  his  house.  He  had  just  obtained  a  demijohn  of  old  wine  to 
compound  into  medicine,  and  had  unfortunately  placed  it  beside  a 
similar  demijohn  of  ipecac  in  the  shop  below.  His  wife  mistook  the 
right  vessel  and  the  whole  church  were  physicked  thoroughly  before 
the  mistake  was  discovered.  This  was  shortly  previous  to  his  change 
of  sentiment. 

JONATHAN  KILHAM,  Boston,  tailor. 
JOHN  PICKENS,  JR,  Boston,  merchant. 
BENJAMIN  FULLER,  Boston,  shopkeeper. 

JOHN  BANISTER,  Boston,  cooper ;  removed  to  New 
Orleans,  and  died  there  about  1 824. 

BENJAMIN  CLARK,  Boston,  cooper. 

HENRY  HUTCHINSON,  Boston,  sailmaker ;  died  at 
Boston,  July  1 7th,  1 833,  aged  70. 

JAMES  PENNIMAN,  Boston,  shopkeeper. 

ANDREW  SIGOURNEY,  Boston,  merchant ;  Treasurer 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  and  of  the  town,  also  Representative, 
and  much  employed  as  executor,  guardian,  &c.  In 
many  respects  he  resembled  his  relative  of  Ar.  Co.  1788. 


372 

He  died  somewhat  suddenly,  August,  1820.     He  was  a 
descendant  of  one  of  the  French  Refugee  Protestants. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  C.  LEGATE,  Boston.  An  officer  in 
U.  S.  Army,  1812. 

WILLIAM  COFFIN,  JR,  Boston,  merchant. 

JOSIAH  CALEF,  Boston,  merchant ;  descendant  of 
Robert  Calfe,  Jr.  Ar.  Co.  1710;  a  man  of  great  phi- 
lanthropy. 

STEPHEN  BEAN,  Boston,  lawyer ;  graduate  of  Dart. 
Coll.  1798;  died  at  B.  Dec.  10th,  1825,  aged  53. 

CAPT.  CASWELL  BEAL,  Boston,  tailor ;  born  at  Hing- 
ham :  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1813.  A  man  of  lively 
disposition  and  amiable.  He  died  at  N.  Orleans  of 
consumption,  1819. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1 806,  by  James  Kendall, 
Plymouth— 2d  Chron.  XXXII.  5— 8th.  Printed. 

1807. 

CAPT.  GEORGE  WELLES,  Boston,  jeweller  ;  was  born 
June  14th,  1784,  at  Hebron,  Conn,  called  Pump  town, 
because  the  inhabitants  loaded  and  fired  a  pump  at  the 
British  during  the  Revolution.  He  came  to  Boston  a 
poor  boy,  and  became  wealthy.  He  was  married,  but 
had  no  children.  He  had  the  reputation  of  being  a 
good  disciplinarian,  but  was  given  to  intrigue,  and  su- 
perseded when  candidate  for  Major.  Lieut,  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1814  ;  Captain,  1820.  He  died  at  Framingham  of 
a  rapid  consumption,  May  6th,  1827,  aged  43,  and  was 
buried  in  Connecticut. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  T.  ARMSTRONG,  Boston,  printer.  He 
resided  some  years  at  Charlestown.  Captain  of  the 
Warren  Phalanx.  He  was  Deacon  of  the  Old  South 
Church.  Alderman,  Mayor,  and  Representative.  He 


373 

became  wealthy,  but  had  no  children.     Lieut.  Gover- 
nor in  1833. 

PETER  CON  ANT  JR,  Boston,  trader,  afterwards  school- 
master. 

JAMES  R.  KNIGHT,  Boston,  merchant ;  died  at  Green- 
wich, N.  York,  May  22d,  1824,  aged  43. 

CALEB  KNIGHT,  Boston,  brother  of  James. 
WILLIAM  ABRAMS,  JR,  Boston. 

JOSEPH  TUCKER,  Boston,  housewright;  died  June 
20th,  1 824,  aged  55. 

ENSIGN  TERENCE  WAKEFEILD,  Boston,  apothecary. 
Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1815. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1807,  by  Thomas  Bald- 
win, D.  D.  Boston— Mark  XIII.  7th.  Printed. 

1808. 

ASA  WARD.  Boston,  merchant. 

7  7 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1 808 ;  by  Leonard  Woods, 
Newbury— Heb.  II.  10th.  Printed. 

1809. 
EPHRAIM  FRENCH,  JR,  Boston,  trader. 

MESHACK  SHATTUCK,  Boston,  silk  dyer.  In  a  fit  of 
melancholy  he  was  drowned  from  Charles  River  Bridge, 
leaving  a  wife  and  family. 

May  18th,  1819,  a  Committee  was  chosen  to  ascertain  the  rights 
and  privileges  of  the  Company,  secured  by  their  charter ;  and  to 
apply  to  the  Legislature  (if  they  thought  proper)  to  insert  in  the 
militia  law  a  clause,  denning  their  rights,  to  prevent  all  disputes 
with  the  officers  of  the  militia,  or  any  other  company.  One  Capt. 
Gleason,  insisted  that  by  virtue  of  his  commission  he  had  a  right  to 
membership.  On  a  field  day,  while  the  members  were  parading  in 
upper  Faneuil  Hall,  he  appeared  on  the  stairs.  The  Commander 
expectingjsuch  an  occurrence  placed  Gen.  J.  Winelow  as  sentinel 


374 

on  the  stairs.  Gleason  was  hailed  and  refused  a  pass.  He  attempted 
to  proceed,  when  the'  General  charged,  throwing  open  his  pan. 
Gleason  said,  I  will  pass.  The  General  said,  "  You  must  then  enter 
at  the  muzzle  and  come  out  at  the  touchhole."  Gleason  sneaked 
off,  and  thus  the  controversy  ended.  The  last  clause  of  the  10th 
Section  and  whole  of  llth  Section  of  the  Militia  Law  passed  by 
Congress,  May  8th,  1792,  were  introduced  at  the  instigation  of  Gen. 
B.  Lincoln  with  special  reference  to  the  Ar.  Co.  viz.  "  And  whereas 
sundry  corps  of  Artillery,  Cavalry  and  Infantry,  now  exist  in  several 
of  the  said  States,  which  by  the  laws,  customs,  or  usages  thereof, 
have  not  been  incorporated  with,  or  subject  to,  the  general  reg- 
ulations of  the  militia. — Section  llth.  Be  it  further  enacted,  That 
such  corps  retain  their  accustomed  privileges,  subject  nevertheless, 
to  all  other  duties  required  by  this  act,  in  like  manner  with  the  other 
militia." 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1 809  ;  by  John  Foster, 
Brighton— Prov.  XXIV.  6th.  Printed. 

1810. 
EZRA  WHITNEY,  JR,  Boston,  son  of  Ezra,  1787. 

LIEUT.  COL.  ELEAZAR  G.  HOUSE,  Boston,  printer. 
Publisher  of  the  first  edition  of  this  History. 

COL.  DANIEL  L.  GIBBENS,  Boston,  grocer ;  born  in 
B.  Nov.  16th,  1786,  and  served  his  time  at  Braintree. 
He  commenced  business  poor,  with  a  numerous  family. 
By  his  industry  and  frugality  he  accumulated  property 
and  advanced  in  respectability.  He  was  a  man  of  kind 
and  tender  feelings,  very  hospitable,  and  urbane  in  his 
manners.  A  sincere  friend  of  pure  morals  and  integri- 
ty. Ensign  on  the  organization  of  the  Boston  Militia, 
1809-10,  and  promoted  regularly  to  be  Colonel  of  the 
2d  Regiment.  Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1824.  He  was 
a  good  officer,  without  ostentation.  Indeed,  all  his  es- 
sential characteristics  were  generous,  and  more  solid 
than  specious.  Representative  several  years. 

COL.  WILLIAM  KING,  Boston,  hatter;  brother-in-law 
of  Col.  Gibbens.  Ensign  of  militia.  He  received  a 


375 

commission  in  the  U.  S.  Army,  1812,  and  rose  to  be 
Captain.  Upon  the  return  of  peace,  he  commenced 
business  at  Sackett's  Harbor ;  became  President  of  a 
Bank,  and  Colonel  of  a  regiment  of  New  York  militia. 
He  died  at  Niagara,  May  or  July,  1 829,  of  apoplexy. 
Representative  in  the  New  York  Legislature. 

LIEUT.  COL.  MICHAEL  ROULSTONE,  Boston,  glazier. 
Lieut.  Col.  of  the  2d  Regiment.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1818.  He  was  inclined  to  corpulency,  and  took  great 
pride  in  his  military  office.  A  facetious  friend  (Lieut. 
Redman)  advised  him,  when  elected  Lieut.  Colonel,  to 
purchase  a  new  belt,  made  of  India  rubber. 

CAPT.  NATHANIEL  HEARD,  Boston,  cordwainer. 

LIEUT.  THOMAS  REDMAN,  Boston,  paper-stainer.  A 
man  of  generosity  and  wit. 

CAPT.  SILAS  WHITNEY,  JR,  Boston,  truckman ;  inn- 
keeper at  Charlestown,  where  he  died,  January,  1824, 
aged  43. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  WHITNEY,  Boston,  truckman  ;  brother 
of  Silas.  He  was  Steward's  deputy  for  Har.  College, 
and  died  at  Cambridge,  June  21st,  1826,  aged  41. 

MAJ.  SAMUEL  CURTIS,  Boston,  leather-dresser.  Ma- 
jor in  the  3d  Regiment.  He  died  October  21st,  1820, 
aged  45. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  O.  DRAYTON,  Boston,  bricklayer.  Re- 

j  x    re- 
moved to  Ohio. 

ABRAHAM  WOOD,  Boston,  shopkeeper.  Died  at 
Northboro',  July,  1821,  aged  35. 

CAPT.  JOHN  DODD,  Boston,  merchant ;  born  at  Hoi- 
den,  Nov.  25th,  1779;  served  his  apprenticeship  in 
Vermont.  His  brothers,  Silas,  1816,  and  Benjamin, 
1817.  He  had  a  melodious,  powerful  voice,  possessed 
an  elegant  taste  and  critical  judgment  in  music.  Mem- 


376 

her  of  the  Handel  and  Haydn  Society,  and  he  did  much 
to  improve  the  style  of  church  music.  His  excellent 
songs,  glees,  catches,  &c.  were  the  life  of  the  convivial 
circle,  and  delight  of  the  anniversaries.  Lieutenant  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1817. 

EDWARD  GRAY,  Boston,  housewright.  Removed  to 
New  York  city. 

COL.  BENJAMIN  LORING,  Boston,  bookbinder ;  born 
at  Hingham.  He  rose  regularly  from  an  Ensign  of 
militia  to  be  Colonel  of  the  2d  Regiment.  Lieutenant 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1816;  Captain  1818,  and  many  years 
Treasurer.  He  was  a  bachelor,  but  universally  popular 
and  justly  esteemed,  and  there  was  as  much  of  a  bene- 
diction in  his  countenance  as  in  that  of  the  late  Presi- 
dent Kirkland. 

ENSIGN  EDWARD  CHILDS,  Boston,  livery  stable  keep- 
er. Died  August  22d,  1826,  aged  43. 

LIEUT.  ZACHERIAH  GARDNER  WHITMAN,  Boston,  law- 
yer ;  eldest  son  of  Hon.  Benjamin  Whitman,  descended 
from  John,  freeman  1638,  one  of  the  first  planters  and 
proprietors  of  Bridgewater.  He  was  born  at  Provi- 
dence, R.  I.  Feb.  10th,  1789,  and  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  1807.  He  waded  through  much  social  trouble, 
but  his  biography  may  be  best  summed  up  by  saying, 
that  Freemasonry,  this  ancient  corps,  Episcopacy,  and 
Antiquarianism,  were  the  objects  of  his  unwearied  favor. 
The  manuscript  of  the  History,  left  at  his  decease,  was 
given  by  his  widow  to  the  Ar.  Co.  together  with  seven 
volumes  of  Anniversary  Artillery  Sermons,  the  most 
perfect  collection  extant.  The  Company  generously 
acknowledged  this  donation  by  $100  in  return.  Lieut. 
W.  died  at  Boscawen,  N.  H.  where  he  resided  the  last 
nine  years,  March  llth,  1840,  aged  51,  of  disease  of 
the  heart.  He  was  Lieutenant  of  the  corps  1819,  and 
Clerk  several  years.  His  prospects  brightened  near  the 


377 

close  of  life,  and,  though  hasty  in  temperament,  he  was 
always  a  man  of  good  motives  and  strict  integrity.  His 
body  was  brought  to  Boston,  and  buried  under  St. 
Matthew's  Church,  of  which  he  had  been  a  strong  sup- 
porter. Many  of  the  Company,  though  the  notice  was 
short,  attended  his  funeral.  He  was  Ensign  in  the  mil- 
itia 1 809.  His  laborious  research  and  patient  hope  to 
render  this  edition  a  valuable  work  of  history  and  biog- 
raphy to  the  Company  and  the  country,  will  remain  a 
rich  legacy  to  his  children. 

CAPT.  EBENEZER  OSGOOD  FIFIELD,  Boston,  trader. 
Graduated  at  Dartmouth  College,  1 804. 

JAMES  HOOPER,  Boston,  tailor ;  born  in  England. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JOSEPH  JENKINS,  Boston,  housewright. 
Officer  of  militia  ;  Lieut.  Colonel  of  the  3d  Regiment. 
He  was  a  reflective  and  self-taught  man — very  industri- 
ous, and  had  a  numerous  family.  Misfortunes  in  busi- 
ness rendered  him  poor.  He  then  entered  into  a  large 
contract  with  the  U.  S.  Government  to  build  their  Cus- 
tom-House  and  other  public  buildings  at  New  Orleans, 
and  became  independent.  Alderman,  Representative, 
and  a  distinguished  Free-mason. 

CAPT.  JAMES  B.  MARSTON,  Boston,  painter.  Officer 
of  militia.  Died  August  23d,  1817. 

WILLIAM  CUTTER,  Boston,  rope-maker.  Died  Octo- 
ber, 1822,  aged  41. 

For  several  years  the  Ar.  Co.  had  encroached  upon  their  funds,  by 
annually  appropriating  a  larger  sum  than  the  income  to  defray  anni- 
versary-expenses. Their  uniform,  blue  and  buff,  had  become  totally 
different  from  that  of  the  militia,  which  reduced  those  who  joined  to 
the  necessity  of  providing  two  uniforms.  The  older  members  ex- 
erted themselves  to  keep  the  institution  alive.  At  the  anniversary, 
1810,  only  thirty-two  appeared  in  the  ranks.  A  stand  of  arms,  with 
complete  accoutrements,  and  new  badges  for  the  officers,  were  pur- 
chased. They  also  changed  the  uniform  to  conform  to  that  of  the 


48 


378 

militia  officers.  They  were  aided  by  liberal  donations  from  distin- 
guished citizens  of  the  town,  amounting  to  $802  25  ;  the  remainder 
was  taken  from  the  funds,  to  restore  which,  the  fee  of  admission  was 
increased  from  $5  to  615;  and  Col.  Daniel  Messinger,  then  com- 
manding the  3d  Regiment,  was,  for  the  second  time,  called  to  com- 
mand. Notwithstanding  the  increased  expense  of  membership,  and 
the  diminished  state  of  the  productive  funds,  the  experiment  of 
changing  the  uniform  had  a  beneficial  effect ;  for,  at  the  next  meet- 
ing, upwards  of  twenty  gentlemen,  mostly  militia  officers,  were  pro- 
posed, and  from  that  time  a  large  proportion  of  militia  officers  have 
been  members.  Little  patronage  was  received  from  the  1st  Regi- 
ment. Some  thought  that  political  prejudices  silently  had  an  effect ; 
but  the  Ar.  Co.  for  many  years,  have  never  suffered  the  distinctions 
of  party  to  enter  their  ranks.  The  question  is  never  asked,  to  what 
party  does  the  candidate  belong? — but,  is  he  a  gentleman  and  a  sol- 
dier ?  The  members  always  hare  been,  and  now  are,  of  different  po- 
litical sentiments;  and  it  is  a  subject  of  congratulation  and  pride 
among  them,  that  they  are  united,  confining  their  emulation  to  the 
more  noble  object  of  advancing  the  common  welfare.  It  is  hoped  the 
glory  of  the  institution  will  never  be  tarnished  by  any  party  distinction. 
A  company  of  Cavalry  was  raised  this  year  in  Boston,  called  the 
Hussars.  Their  uniform  was  brilliant.  The  Hon.  Josiah  Quincy 
was  their  first  Captain ;  but,  in  a  few  years,  they  were  disbanded. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1810,  by  Charles  Lowell, 
Boston — Sara.  X.  12th.  Printed. 

1811. 

CAPT.  ROBERT  CLARK,  Boston,  shopkeeper.  Officer 
of  militia.  In  1812,  he  received  a  subaltern's  commis- 
sion in  the  U.  S.  Army,  and  rose  to  a  Captaincy.  He 
died  in  the  service,  on  the  frontiers. 

ENSIGN  THOMAS  WELLS,  Boston,  bookbinder ;  son 
of  Capt.  Thomas,  1786.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1819. 
He  died  at  B.  Dec.  31st,  1829,  aged  49.  A  man  of  un- 
assuming manners,  great  purity,  and  much  beloved, 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  LEWIS,  Boston,  baker.  A  man  of 
quick,  discerning  mind,  and  public  spirit.  Represent- 
ative. 


379 

HORATIO  GATES  WARE,  Boston,  grocer. 

DANIEL  L.  WARE,  painter ;  brother  of  the  preceding. 

LIEUT.  JOSEPH  D.  ANN  ABLE,  Boston,  housewright, 
and  grocer. 

LIEUT.  MOSES  WATSON,  Boston,  housewright. 
CAPT.  ISAIAH  ATKINS,  Boston,  tinman. 

CAPT.  JOSHUA  SIMONDS,  Boston,  printer.  Died  sud- 
denly, Jan,  29th,  1825,  aged  45. 

CAPT.  FRINK  STRATTON,  Boston,  grocer  and  auc- 
tioneer. 

COL.  WILLIAM  FERNALD,  Charlestown,  leather-dress- 
er. Colonel  of  the  Charlestown  Regiment,  and  died 
Dec.  15th,  1834,  aged  53. 

DAVID  W.  BRADLEE,  Boston,  wine  merchant.  Many 
years  Armorer  of  the  Ar.  Co.  A  man  of  a  noble,  phil- 
anthropic spirit.  Member  of  the  Board  of  Health.  He 
died  March,  1833,  aged  68— wealthy. 

BRIG.  GEN.  ARNOLD  WELLES,  Boston,  merchant ; 
born  in  Boston,  Sept.  21st,  1761.  He  commanded  the 
Cadets  several  years.  At  the  reorganization  of  the 
militia  of  Boston  as  a  Brigade,  he  was  made  Brig.  Gen- 
eral ;  and  by  his  zeal  and  military  accomplishments,  re- 
stored harmony  among  the  troops,  and  gave  them  an 
exalted  character  for  discipline.  He  commanded  with 
great  ease  and  readiness.  In  1811,  while  Brig.  Gen- 
eral, he  joined  the  Ar  Co. ;  was  chosen  its  Captain,  and 
the  Company  advanced  in  correct  discipline.  He  grad- 
uated at  Har.  College  in  1780.  He  declined  all  public 
offices,  except  in  the  military.  The  latter  part  of  his 
life  he  was  President  of  an  Insurance  office,  and  devoted 
himself  to  literary  pursuits.  He  possessed  an  ample  for- 
tune, but  had  no  children,  and  died  of  the  croup,  March 
2d,  1827,  aged  65.  For  some  time  previous  to  his  death 
he  was  almost  perfectly  blind. 


380 

"  A  life*  of  uprightness  and  integrity, — a  most  benevolent  devo- 
tion to  the  interest  of  individuals  and  the  numerous  societies  with 
which  he  was  connected,  while  his  health  would  permit,  will  long  be 
gratefully  remembered.  In  his  extensive  connection  with  the  militia 
of  the  Commonwealth,  his  correctness  and  courtesy  in  periods  of 
difficulty,  afforded  him  many  proofs  of  attachment  and  respect  from 
his  associates,  which,  next  to  a  faithful  discharge  of  duty,  gave  him 
the  highest  satisfaction.  He  died  in  the  firm  hopes  and  faith  of  a 
Christian,  and  has  gone,  we  humbly  trust,  to  receive  the  promised 
reward." 

CAPT.  ANDREW  ROULSTONE,  Charlestown,  wheel- 
wright. Captain  of  Artillery  there.  Brother  of  Michael, 
1810,  and  John,  1812. 

LIEUT.  COL.  GEORGE  SULLIVAN,  Boston,  lawyer ;  son 
of  Gov.  Sullivan,  and  gained  his  title  by  being  his  Aid- 
de-Camp.  He  graduated  at  Har.  College  in  1801,  and 
was  Secretary  to  Hon.  James  Bowdoin,  Minister  to 
Spain.  He  was  several  years,  after  his  return,  in  the 
practice  of  law ;  the  first  person  elected  Lieutenant  of 
the  New  England  Guards,  and  afterwards  their  Com- 
mander. He  was  Judge  Advocate  of  the  1st  Division. 
He  married  a  daughter  of  Lieut.  Gov.  Winthrop.  Rep- 
resentative and  Senator.  He  now  resides  in  the  city  of 
New  York.  1 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1811,  by  Horace  Holley, 
Boston— Neh.  IV.  14th,  18th. 

1812. 

CAPT.  GEORGE  WHEELER,  Boston,  merchant.  Third 
Captain  of  the  Winslow  Blues.  He  died  May  24th, 
1823,  aged  44. 

CAPT.  JOHN  ROULSTONE,  Boston,  truckman ;  son  of 
George,  a  coppersmith,  and  born  at  Boston.  When 
the  Oxford  army  was  raised,  during  the  administration 

*  Columbian  Centinel,  March  3d,  1827. 


381 

of  the  elder  Adams,  he  was  appointed  a  Lieutenant. 
He  was  Lieutenant  of  the  Dragoons,  when  formed. 
Commander  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1815.  He  had  the  reputa- 
tion of  being  a  good  officer.  His  changeable  disposi- 
tion induced  him  to  set  up  a  riding-school, — and  here 
he  was  in  his  element.  Mounted  on  an  elegant  steed, 
prancing  among  his  female  scholars,  giving  lessons  on 
the  road,  you  would  certainly  think  him  the  Grand 
Seignor.  (Tomb  No.  138,  on  the  Common.) 

COL.  JOSHUA  B.  PHIPPS,  Charlestown,  grocer.  Col- 
onel of  militia. 

CAPT.  ASA  RICHARDSON,  Boston,  grocer.  He  was 
born  in  Billerica,  and  rose  from  poverty  to  affluence. 
He  committed  suicide,  from  insanity,  Dec.  llth,  1833. 
He  was  much  respected.  Aged  51. 

CAPT.  JOHN  PARK,  Boston,  painter.  Ensign  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1820. 

CAPT.  PHILIP  CURTIS,  Boston,  merchant.  Ensign 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1816.  Soon  after  marriage  he  was  af- 
flicted with  lingering  sickness,  and  died  August  20th, 
1825,  aged  39.  He  was  buried  at  Sharon,  where  he 
was  born.  The  Ar.  Co.  attended  his  funeral,  in  citi- 
zen's dress,  as  far  as  the  South  burial-ground.  He 
was  active,  intelligent,  a  zealous  friend  and  lively  com- 
panion. 

CAPT.  LUKE-RICHARDSON,  Boston,  hair-dresser ;  born 
at  Woburn,  of  obscure  and  indigent  parents,  who  bound 
him,  a  poor  boy,  an  apprentice  to  a  barber.  He  was 
faithful,  intelligent,  industrious  and  discreet.  When  of 
age,  he  set  up  for  himself,  without  friends  or  capital. 
His  habits  of  frugality  soon  enabled  him  to  purchase  a 
decayed  estate  of  small  value,  near  the  Boylston  Mar- 
ket, where  he  set  up  the  sign  of  the  "  Rose."  He  early 
married  a  young  woman  of  humble  station,  but  by  her 


382 

virtues  she  made  his  days  happy,  except  she  bore  him 
no  child  for  about  twenty  years.  She  dying,  he  again 
married,  and  had  several  children ;  but  the  scene  was 
reversed, — his  property  began  to  dwindle,  and  he  died 
at  Medford,  April  llth,  1830,  aged  50.  He  was  a 
Captain  of  militia,  and  afterwards  of  the  Dragoons. 
Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1818. 

LIEUT.  ROBERT  G.  MITCHELL,  Boston,  merchant. 
Removed  to  Havana. 

LIEUT.  ELNA  HAYT,  Boston,  ivory-turner.  Died  at 
Savannah,  Georgia,  Jan.  17th,  1821,  aged  33. 

ICHABOD  ROLLINS  CHADBOURNE,  Boston,  lawyer. 
Graduated  at  Dartmouth,  1808.  Settled  at  Machias, 
Maine. 

LIEUT.  COL.  DANIEL  DUNTON,  Boston,  merchant. 
Lieut.  Colonel  of  1st  Regiment.  Ensign  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
J817.  He  died  Dec.  1st,  1820,  aged  35 — of  consump- 
tion. 

LIEUT.  HENRY  S.  WALDO,  Boston,  shopkeeper. 

LIEUT.  COL.  ABNER  BOURNE,  Boston,  merchant;  born 
at  Middleboro',  Mass.  Dec.  4th,  1780.  At  an  early  age 
he  entered  his  father's  store,  and  was  there  employed 
until  about  seventeen ;  when  he  chose  to  learn  the  trade 
ot  a  carpenter,  but  did  not  pursue  the  business.  He 
was  married,  Nov.  28th,  1801 ;  went  to  New  Bedford 
to  reside,  and  engaged  in  the  dry  and  West  India  goods 
business.  He  removed  to  Boston  in  about  three  years, 
and  pursued  the  dry  goods  business  for  about  ten  years. 
During  this  time  he  was  connected  with  a  voluntary  fire 
company,  and  also  became  much  interested  in  military 
matters.  He  was  stationed  at  South  Boston,  as  Adju- 
tant of  the  Regiment,  until  he  left  the  city  and  removed 
to  Brunswick,  Maine,  in  1817.  He  was  Treasurer  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  and  the  Handel  and  Haydn  Society,  (insti- 


383 

tuted  March  30th,  1815.)  He  was  agent  for  the  cotton 
and  woollen  factory  in  Brunswick,  about  eight  years. 
After  a  lapse  of  about  twelve  years,  he  returned  to  Bos- 
ton, and  died  June,  1840. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JOHN  LANGDON  SULLIVAN,  Boston,  mer- 
chant. Aid-de-Camp  to  his  father,  Gov.  S.  and  a  man 
of  enterprise.  He  removed  to  New  York  city. 

CAPT.  JOHN  FROTHINGHAM,  Charlestown. 
EZRA  REED,  Boston,  bookseller. 
JOHN  CHILDS,  Boston,  sailmaker. 
JOSHUA  BELCHER,  Boston,  printer. 
LIEUT.  JAMES  RUSSELL,  Boston,  shopkeeper. 

ENSIGN  OTIS  HOWE,  Boston,  jeweller.  Removed  to 
Portsmouth,  N.  H.  Died  October,  1825,  aged  37. 

CAPT.  DVAID  MOODY,  Boston,  housewright.  A  dis- 
tinguished architect  and  engineer  in  the  improvement 
of  Lowell.  Representative  from  Boston,  and  died  in 
1832,  aged  50. 

EPHRAIM  DANA,  Boston,  merchant ;  brother  of  Dex- 
ter, 179S. 

June,  1812,  the  Ar.  Go.  presented  their  Commander,  Brig.  Gen. 
Arnold  Welles,  then  at  the  head  of  the  Brigade,  an  elegant  sword,* 
as  a  testimony  of  their  respect — a  reward  for  his  exertions  to  pro- 
mote the  interest  of  the  institution,  and  for  "  his  brilliant  military 
services,  whereby  the  discipline  of  the  Company  had  been  so  greatly 
improved."  The  Ar.  Co.  on  their  field  day,  Oct.  4th,  1812,  then 
under  command  of  Major  Benjamin  Russell,  as  Captain  a  second 
time,  marched  to  Medford,  and  encamped  for  the  night. 

During  the  war,  a  Company  of  Riflemen  was  formed  in  Boston, 
whose  first  officers  were  Hon.  Samuel  P.  P.  Fay,  of  Cambridge, 
Captain;  John  Wheelwright,  Ar.  Co.  1792,  Lieutenant;  and  Phin- 
eas  Upham,  Ensign.  This  company  was  disbanded  soon  after  peace. 
A  company,  consisting  of  masters  and  mates  of  vessels  in  Boston, 

*The  Sword  of  State,  worn  by  Gov.  Sullivan,  and  purchased  of  his  heirs. 


384 

was  also  formed,  and  called  the  Sea  Fendbles.  They  adopted  an 
uniform  suitable  to  their  profession,  and  had  two  twelve-pounders. 
They  were  armed  with  swords  and  pikes,  and  acted  as  Artillery. 
Their  first  Commander  was  Nehemiah  W.  Shillings.  They  were 
attached  to  the  Boston  Brigade,  but  not  included  in  the  Battalion  of 
Artillery,  and  were  recently  disbanded. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1812,  by  Eliphalet  Porter, 
D.  D.  Roxbury— Heb.  XI.  32d,  34th.  Printed. 

1813. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  B.  FORD,  Boston,  merchant;  born 
in  Wilmington,  and  died  on  his  passage  from  South 
Carolina  to  Boston,  August  23d,  1821,  aged  36. 

JOHN  BLUNT,  Boston,  grocer  ;  removed  to  the  West. 

BRIG.  GEN.  JOHN  TARBELL,  Cambridge,  Deputy 
Sheriff. 

HENRY  SPEAR,  Boston,  printer ;  died  August  1828, 
aged  39,  in  New  York. 

DANIEL  WISE,  Boston,  cordwainer  and  innkeeper. 

ENSIGN  GEORGE  BARRELL,  Boston,  trader.  He  had 
the  peculiar  talent  of  magnifying  this  subaltern  office 
by  the  splendor  of  his  dress,  his  vast  consequence  to 
the  militia,  and  his  never  condescending  to  notice  offi- 
cers of  less  grade  than  Brig.  General.  He  unfortunately 
was  superseded,  and  removed  to  the  South 

LIEUT  JOHN  L.  PHILLIPS,  Boston,  painter.  He 
could  not  trace  any  connection  with  any  Phillips  before 
named.  He  never  held  office  in  the  militia,  but  was 
Lieut,  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1820.  A  very  industrious,  intel- 
ligent and  substantial  mechanic.  Representative." 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1813;  by  John  Pierce, 
D.  D.  Brookline— Ps.  CXXII.  6— 9th. 


385 


1814. 

LEVI  BARTLETT,  Boston,  merchant ;  born  in  Salis- 
bury, N.  H. ;  Treasurer  of  the  Ar.  Co.  Representa- 
tive. 

LIEUT.  SAMUEL  W.  KENDALL,  Boston,  merchant ; 
son  of  Rev.  Samuel,  of  Weston  ;  removed  to  New  York 
and  died  January,  1821. 

SAMUEL  K.  WHITE,  Boston,  shopkeeper. 
LIEUT.  CHARLES  SPENCER,  Cambridge,  trader. 

LIEUT.  CHRISTOPHER  GORE,  Boston,  painter.  En- 
sign of  the  Ar.  Co. 

ENSIGN  CHARLES  C.  GRAY,  Cambridge  ;  removed 
to  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  and  died  January  26th,  1 820. 

CHARLES  A.  DENNETT,  Boston,  merchant. 
JOHN  TYLER,  Boston,  merchant. 

LIEUT.  ETHAN  ALLEN  GREENWOOD,  Boston,  lawyer. 
He  graduated  at  Dart.  Coll.  1 806.  He  became  a  por- 
trait painter,  and  long  the  Overseer  of  the  N.  E.  Mu- 
seum. He  removed  to  Hubbardston,  and  was  Senator. 

THOMAS  ROBINSON,  Boston,  shopkeeper. 

JONAS  PROUTY,  Boston,  painter ;  independent  but 
childless ;  universally  beloved  for  his  unobtrusive  phi- 
lanthropy, and  amiable  temper.  He  was  long  an  in- 
valid, though  a  man  of  regular  habits,  and  studious  to 
promote  his  health  by  travelling.  He  died  suddenly, 
Dec.  18,  1828,  aged  47,  of  apoplexy. 

ELEAZER  NICHOLS,  Boston,  housewright. 

WILLIAM  EAGER,  Boston,  merchant ;  (original  name 
Welcome.) 

COL.  LUSHER  GAY,  Cambridge,  merchant;  born  at 
Dedham  ;  a  descendant  of  Maj.  Lusher,  1638 ;  Colonel 


•49 


386 

of  the  Cambridge  Regiment ;  Lieut,  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1 822  ;  removed  to  Albany. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  M.  MARSTON,  Boston,  merchant ; 
Consul. 

LIEUT.  COL.  BENJAMIN  HUNTINGTON,  Boston,  broker. 
Lieut.  Col.  of  militia. 

HEMAN  FAY,  Boston,  merchant. 

JOHN  KENDRICK,  Boston,  merchant;  died  Sept.  17th, 
1834,  aged  49. 

CAPT.  ASA  TISDALE,  Boston,  hatter.  This  gentle- 
man was  very  tall,  erect,  and  broad  shouldered. 

On  the  return  of  peace,  1815,  there  were  numerous  militia  vacan- 
cies. An  election  took  place  on  the  same  day  in  nearly  thirty  com- 
panies. By  way  of  joke  it  was  proposed  to  elect  Tisdale.  The  Ann 
Street  Company  elected  him  Captain,  and  the  Federal  Street  Com- 
pany elected  him  Ensign.  The  Committee  where  he  had  been 
chosen  Captain  waited  on  him  first  and  he  accepted,  brought  in  his 
dozen  of  wine,  and  with  his  fellow  boarders,  much  enjoyment  was 
had.  Before  the  first  Committee  had  retired,  the  second  arrived, 
tendering  him  the  office  of  Ensign.  Nobody  said  any  thing  of  the 
previous  election.  Tisdale,  really  puzzled  what  to  say,  ordered  in 
another  dozen  of  wine,  and  prepared,  with  much  solemnity,  to  give 
his  answer,  which  was,  that  he  felt  highly  honored,  but  could  not 
accept ;  he  was  again  urged  by  all  the  motives  the  ingenuity  of  the 
Committee  could  suggest.  Tisdale  coolly  and  dryly  answered  that 
he  had  just  accepted  of  the  office  of  Captain,  and  he  did  not  see  how 
he  could,  with  his  great  size,  cover  more  space  than  that  commission 
required. 

ASA  TAYLOR,  Boston. 

EBENEZER  GOODRICH,  Boston,  organ  builder.  He 
died  at  Boston,  May  13th,  1841,  aged  58. 

By  accident  it  was  discovered,  (1816)  that  no  records  had  been 
made  for  four  years.  The  deficiency  was  supplied  by  recollection, 
and  the  preservation  of  reports.  On  the  14th  of  July,  1814,  Capt. 
William  Howe  issued  orders  to  call  the  Company  together  on  the 
18th  following.  The  United  States  were  then  at  war  with  Great 


387 

Britain,  and  Boston  was  threatened  with  invasion.  Several  members 
were  absent  on  duty  by  order  of  the  Commander-in-Chief.  All 
necessary  measures  were  taken  to  put  the  Company  in  readiness, 
and  they  continued  during  the  autumn  of  the  year  to  exert  themselves 
to  maintain  their  ancient  character  for  patriotism.  Capt.  Howe 
issued  an  order  organizing  the  Company :  Ensign  Levi  Melcherr 
who  held  no  commission,  was  ordered  to  perform  the  duties  of  Lieu- 
tenant ;  and  the  fourth  Sergeant,  Mr.  Thomas  Wells,  the  duty  of 
Ensign.  The  four  oldest  active  members,  not  in  commission,  were 
made  Sergeants.  This  order  was  promptly  complied  with.  Several 
who  had  formerly  been  members  rejoined,  and  Capt.  Howe,  at  their 
request,  applied  to  the  Commander-in-Chief  for  a  commission.  Caleb 
Strong  was  Governor,  and  Maj.  Gen.  John  Brooks,  Adjutant  Gen- 
eral. Capt.  Howe  was  advised  not  to  take  a  written  commission,  as 
that  would  render  him  a  junior  Captain  and  a  junior  officer  to  Capt. 
Wells  his  Lieutenant ;  but  relying  on  the  ancient  usages  of  the  Com- 
pany, to  hold  himself  in  readiness,  subject  to  his  Excellency's  orders, 
through  the  Adjutant  General,  to  act  near  his  Excellency's  person, 
or  where  necessity  should  require.  This  was  considered  most 
agreeable  to  the  dignity  and  practice  of  the  Ar.  Co.  in  former  times. 
Capt.  Howe  performed  his  duty  at  this  important  period  with  great 
honor  to  himself,  and  exactness  of  discipline.  The  official  returns 
of  the  Sergeants  on  guard  were  not  exceeded  in  correctness  by  any 
of  the  militia  on  duty,  and  probably  not  by  any  regular  troops.  The 
Ar.  Co.  performed  their  regular  field  duty  during  this  period,. in  ad- 
dition to  the  extra  duty  imposed  by  the  crisis.  On  the  7th  of  De- 
cember, 1814,  the  apprehension  of  danger  having  subsided,  Capt. 
Howe  issued  his  orders  restoring  the  Company  to  a  peace  establish- 
ment. Before  the  spring  campaign  opened,  peace  was  concluded, 
which  superseded  the  necessity  of  further  extraordinary  exertions. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1814;  by  Samuel  Gary, 
Boston— 2d  Sam.  XXIV.  16th.     Printed. 

1815. 

CAPT.  EPHRAIM  HARRINGTON,  Roxbury,  bricklayer. 
Representative  1838. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1815;  by  Francis  Park- 
man,  Boston— Matt.  X.  34th. 


388 

.". 
1816. 

LIEUT.  COL.  FRANCIS  SOUTHACK,  Boston,  baker. 
Lieutenant  Colonel  of  the  militia.  He  died  at  Boston, 
about  1835. 

DAVID  ANDREWS,  Boston,  merchant;  removed  to 
Providence,  R.  I. ;  he  died  at  Boston,  May,  1831,  aged 
40. 

CAPT.  NATHANIEL  RICHARDS,  JR,  Boston,  innkeeper. 
Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1822  ;  removed  to  Hingham. 

BRIG.  GEN.  HENRY  A.  S.  DEARBORN,  Roxbury ;  son 
of  Maj.  Gen.  Henry  Dearborn  of  Maine.  He  resided 
when  young  at  Portland,  and  came  to  Massachusetts 
when  his  father  was  appointed  Collector  of  Boston.  He 
owned  an  elegant  seat  at  Roxbury  called  Brinley  Place. 
On  his  father's  being  appointed  a  Major  General  in  the 
U.  S.  Army,  he  was  made  Collector,  which  office  he 
filled  with  great  ability  and  integrity.  He  was  removed 
at  the  commencement  of  Gen.  Jackson's  presidency, 
and  immediately  chosen  a  Representative  from  Rox- 
bury,— then  Senator  and  Councillor,  and  elected  to 
Congress,  1831.  He  was  Brigadier  General  of  the  1st 
Brigade,  1st  Division,  and  Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1816. 
In  1 830,  he  received  the  honorary  degree  of  Master  of 
Arts,  in  Har.  Col.  A  member  of  the  Am.  Acad.  of 
Arts  and  Sciences,  one  of  the  Delegates  from  Roxbury 
at  the  Convention  of  1820,  and  appointed  Adjutant 
General,  1834-5. 

CAPT.  EZEKIEL  JONES,  Boston,  jeweller;  died  July 
14th,  1826,  aged  38. 

CAPT.  NATHAN  EATON,  Boston,  cordwainer ;  born  at 
South  Reading,  and  died  August  31st,  1828,  aged  46. 

CAPT.  JOSIAH  WILKINS,  Boston,  trader ;  removed  to 
Mobile  where  he  was  Alderman. 


389 

COL.  THOMAS  HUNTING,  Boston,  merchant,  born  at 
Belchertown,  Sept.  25th,  1790.  Colonel  of  the  third 
Regiment.  Adjutant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1823;  Captain, 
1827.  He  was  long  an  active  and  useful  member  of 
the  Financial  Committee.  He  was  of  modest  manners 
amiable  temper,  industrious  habits,  and  was  rarely 
known  to  make  a  mistake  in  military  affairs.  Repre- 
sentative from  1834  to  '41.  Alderman  many  years. 
Treasurer  of  the  Ar.  Co. 

CAPT.  EDWARD  BUGBEE,  Boston,  hair  dresser. 

CAPT.  EPHRAIM  WHITNEY,  Boston,  truckman,  brother 
of  Silas  and  John,  1810.  He  died  at  St.  Barts,  April 
23d,  1821,  aged  34. 

CAPT.  JAMES  N.  STAPLES,  Boston,  wine  merchant. 
He  was  Clerk,  and  long  a  very  useful  member  of  the 
Finance  Committee.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1823. 

CAPT.  IRA  BROWN,  Boston.     Removed  to  N.  York. 

LIEUT.  SILAS  DODD,  Boston,  merchant;  brother  of 
John,  1810  ;  died  abroad  May  28th,  1821. 

LIEUT.  PLINY  SMITH,  Boston,  butcher. 

CAPT.  MICAH  B.  BACON,  Boston,  housewright.  Re- 
moved to  the  West. 

January  23d,  1816.  The  Ar.  Co.  finding  their  financial  concerns 
again  in  a  low  state,  voted  to  petition  the  Legislature  for  aid.  The 
Joint  Committee  unanimously  reported  in  their  favor.  Their  report 
substantially  was  to  purchase  the  arms  and  accoutrements,  and  loan 
them  thereafter,  the  Company  keeping  them  in  repair  ;  but  their  re- 
port was  negatived,  and  their  petition,  for  the  first  time,  was  not 
granted.  Heavy  as  their  burthens  were,  they  soon  raised  by  sub- 
scription, $700,  which  freed  them  from  embarrassment.  Since  that 
time,  a  Committee  of  Finance,  annually  elected  by  ballot,  superin- 
tend the  finances,  and  while  that  Committee  rigidly  adhere  to  the 
examples  before  them,  the  Company  can  never  be  in  a  like  condi- 
tion. Unparalleled  success  has  marked  their  way  thus  far,  for  under 
the  present  arrangements,  a  large  sum  has  been  added  to  the  pro- 


390 

ductive  capital,  and  the  annual  expenses  gradually  lessened,  and  in 
time  must  be  comparatively  nothing.  We  ought  to  reflect,  that  the 
selfish  motive  of  present  gratification  is  not  worthy  to  be  cherished 
by  a  member  of  this  ancient  institution.  We  are  bound  to  transmit 
to  posterity  that  which  has  descended  to  us  enlarged  and  improved. 
The  $700  above  alluded  to  was  raised  among  the  members,  except- 
ing a  donation  of  $100,  from  Lieut.  Gov.  Phillips.  This  gift  was 
not  the  Jirst  nor  second  of  like  amount,  bestowed  on  this  institution 
by  that  benevolent,  Christian,  and  patriotic  friend  of  his  country. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1816;  by  Paul  Dean,* 
Boston— Rom.  XIII.  4th.  Printed. 

1817. 

LIEUT.  BENJAMIN  DODD,  Boston,  merchant ;  brother 
of  John,  1810,  and  Silas,  1816. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  CONANT,  Boston,  trader.  Died  at  Lou- 
isville, Ky.  September,  1822. 

LIEUT.  CHARLES  W.  GAYETTY,  Boston. 

LIEUT.  SIMON  GARDNER,  Boston,  printer.  A  propri- 
etor and  editor  of  the  Boston  Commercial  Gazette.  He 
died  of  a  brain  fever,  April  15th,  1824,  aged  34. 

CORNELIUS  BRIGGS,  Boston,  cabinet-maker,  Roxbury. 

LIEUT.  ALFRED  CURTIS,  Boston,  merchant;  brother 
of  Philip,  1812.  Removed  to  New  York. 

WILLIAM  PALMER,  Boston,  merchant.  His  business 
led  him  to  New  Orleans,  the  graveyard  of  New  England, 
where  he  fell  a  victim  to  the  yellow  fever. 

MAJ.  GEN.  EBENEZER  MATTOON,  born  at  Amherst, 
August  19th,  1755.f  His  ancestors  came  from  Scot- 
land, in  1662.  His  grandfather,  Deacon  Eleazer,  moved 
from  Northfield,  with  his  son  Ebenezer,  to  Amherst,  then 

*  This  was  the  first  Universalist  minister  chosen  by  the  Ar.  Co. 

t  The  author  of  this  memoir  is  unknown;  the  letter  following  was  received  in 
answer  to  a  letter  from  the  compiler,  requesting  information  relative  to  the  nu- 
merous stations  he  had  been  called  to  fill. 


391 

called  East  Hadley,  in  1734,  and  was  one  of  the  first 
settlers  of  the  town.  He  died  in  1765,  aged  79.  Eben- 
ezer,  the  father  of  Maj.  General  M.  was  a  respectable 
farmer  in  Amherst ;  he  died  in  1806,  aged  87.  Eben- 
ezer,  the  subject  of  this  memoir,  was  admitted  into  Dart- 
mouth College, — a  member  of  the  Phi-Beta-Kappa  So- 
ciety while  there. 

After  the  examination  in  College,  preparatory  to  the 
degree  of  A.  B.  February,  1776,  the  country  being  in 
alarm,  and  a  heavy  loss  being  sustained  by  the  defeat 
and  death  of  Gen.  Montgomery,  young  Mattoon,  with 
three  of  his  classmates,  volunteered  their  services,  and 
obtained  permission  from  the  College  to  join  the  army  in 
Canada.  Although  the  army  was  in  a  broken  situation, 
yet  he  connected  himself  with  a  regiment  of  N.  Hamp- 
shire troops,  enlisted  for  one  year.  Col.  Budle,  who 
commanded  this  regiment,  and  his  Adjutant,  were  soon 
after  arrested  for  malconduct,  so  that  the  command  de- 
volved on  Lieut.  Col.  Wait,  who  appointed  Mattoon 
his  Adjutant,  which  office  he  held  until  the  army  retreat- 
ed to  Ticonderoga.  At  that  time,  the  regiment,  origi- 
nally 450  men,  was  so  reduced  by  action,  fatigue,  and 
capture,  as  not  to  contain  more  than  120,  including 
officers.  Personally  worn  down  by  the  small-pox,  the 
camp  disease,  and  the  toils  of  a  soldier's  life,  he  obtain- 
ed a  furlough,  and  returned  to  Amherst,  to  enjoy  the 
kindness  and  quiet  of  home.  His  ill  state  of  health  did 
not  permit  him  again  to  join  his  regiment.  Partially 
recovering  his  health,  he  was  chosen,  in  1777,  a  Lieu- 
tenant of  militia  in  his  own  town,  and  was  immediately 
ordered  to  Ticonderoga.  He  was  in  St.  Clair's  retreat 
from  that  place,  July,  1777. 

In  August  following,  he  was  detached  by  Gen.  Lin- 
coln, in  a  company  of  Artillery,  commanded  by  Capt. 
Furnival,  in  the  Continental  line, — the  militia  being 
fearful  of  entering  the  service  under  Continental  offi- 


392 

cers.  After  some  difficulty,  Lieut.  Mattoon  succeeded 
in  enlisting  48  men,  who  joined  the  company  with  him 
under  Capt.  F.  Gen.  Lincoln,  who  was  now  at  Pawlet, 
in  Vermont,  was  directed  to  join  the  grand  army,  under 
Gen.  Gates,  at  Bemis's  Heights.  In  the  last  action  at 
that  place,  on  the  7th  of  October,  Capt.  Furnival's  com- 
pany was  engaged.  Being  closely  pressed,  the  Infantry 
gave  way,  and  the  fortune  of  the  day  seemed  to  be  lost. 
At  this  juncture,  an  old  soldier,  with  a  long  hunting  gun, 
came  near  to  Lieut.  Mattoon,  who  said  to  him — "  Well, 
Daddy,  do  you  mean  to  leave  us  so?"  "No,"  said  he, 
"  I  will  give  them  one  gun  more."  At  this  moment,  a 
cluster  of  officers  was  discovered  about  twelve  rods 
distant,  and  a  General  officer  at  their  head.  The  old 
man  fired,  and  the  General  officer  pitched  forward  and 
grasped  the  horse's  mane ; — they  were  immediately  en- 
veloped in  smoke.  The  old  man  said — "  I  have  killed 
that  officer,  lefriim  be  who  he  will."  This  officer  was 
Gen.  Frazier.  The  subject  of  these  memoirs  has  never 
doubted  these  facts,  notwithstanding  any  testimony  to 
the  contrary  given  by  Gen.  Wilkinson  and  others  ;  and 
more  especially  as  the  Rifle  corps,  spoken  of  by  Gen. 
Wilkinson,  was  at  that  time  more  than  eighty  rods  dis- 
tant from  the  spot  where  Gen.  Frazier  fell.  At  the 
close  of  the  campaign,  January  following,  Lieut.  Mat- 
toon  returned  once  more  to  his  father's  house.  The 
next  spring  he  was  detached  as  a  Lieutenant  in  the  mil- 
itia, and  joined  Col.  Wade's  regiment  at  Rhode  Island, 
and  was  in  the  action  there,  and  retreat.  At  the  close 
of  that  year,  1778,  he  left  the  service.  ,  t 

He  was  Representative  from  Amherst,  and  Captain 
of  the  militia  there.  In  1785,  he  was  chosen  Major, 
and  in  1787  Colonel  of  the  4th  Regiment ;  1792,  Brig. 
General  of  the  1st  Brigade,  4th  Division;  1797,  ap- 
pointed by  the  Legislature  Major  General  of  that  Divis- 
ion, which  office  he  resigned,  1816,  and  was  appointed 


393 

by  Gov.  Brooks  as  his  successor  in  the  office  of  Adju- 
tant General.  The  next  year  he  was  admitted  and  cho- 
sen to  command  the  Ar.  Co.  In  1792,  1796,  1820  and 
1832,  he  belonged  to  the  Massachusetts  College  of 
Electors  of  President.  Senator  in  1795  and  1796; 
Sheriff  of  old  Hampshire  twenty  years.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  sixth  and  seventh  Congress  of  the  Unit- 
ed States.  November,  1817,  he  was  seized  with  vio- 
lent ophthalmia,  which  terminated  in  his  utter  loss  of 
sight.  On  the  following  June,  he  bade  farewell  to  all 
public  employment.  When  the  Convention  was  called, 
in  1 820,  to  revise  the  Constitution  of  Massachusetts,  he 
was  induced  to  take  his  seat  as  a  member  of  that  body  ; 
to  deliberate  and  act  in  that  assembly,  composed  of  the 
ablest  jurists,  the  profoundest  politicians,  and  the  most 
tried  patriots.  Thus  has  terminated  the  military  and 
political  career  of  one,  whose  brow  has  been  deservedly 
decked  with  so  many  martial  and  civil  honors. 

"AMHERST,  July  5th,  1828. 
"Zach.  G.  Whitman,  Esq. 

"  Dear  Sir : — I  herewith  enclose  you  a  sketch  of  my  life.  Not 
being  able  to  write  myself,  a  friend  of  mine  undertook  to  be  my 
amanuensis.  .  When  he  came  to  copy  it,  he  added  some  of  his  own 
reflections,  which  appear  to  be  improper  to  come  from  me.  Several 
friends  have  examined  it,  among  which  was  Dr.  Swift,  who  insisted 
upon  my  forwarding  it,  as  it  is.  I  have  complied  with  their  wishes, 
upon  this  express  condition — that  it  be  submitted  to  your  judgment 
and  friendship,  whether  to  retain  or  expunge  it,  as  you  may  think 
proper. 

"  There  is  one  circumstance  omitted,  which  I  should  like  to  have 
inserted  in  its  proper  place.  The  next  morning  after  the  battle  of 
the  seventh,  Gen.  Lincoln's  Aid-de-Camp  being  engaged  in  writing, 
he  requested  me  to  mount  one  of  their  horses,  and  ride  with  him  to 
the  lines.  I  did  so,  and  soon  found  his  object  was  to  reconnoitre 
the  enemy's  position.  As  he  proceeded  along  the  lines,  he  received 
from  the  enemy  a  constant  stream  of  fire  from  cannon  and  musketry ; 
but  he  was  so  intent  upon  his  object,  that  he  appeared  totally  insen- 
sible to  his  perilous  situation.  Being  anxious  for  his  safety,  (and 


50 


394 

probably  more  so  for  my  own,)  I  observed  to  him,  that  his  life  was 
too  valuable  to  the  army  to  be  thus  hazarded.     I  had  scarcely  fin- 
ished the  sentence,  when  he  was  struck  with  a  ball,  that  shattered 
his  ancle,  and  deprived  the  army  of  his  services  for  a  long  time. 
"  1  am,  &c.  E.  MATTOON." 

Gen.  Mattoon  was  a  scientific  and  practical  farmer  ; 
a  man  of  quick  discernment,  discriminating  judgment, 
independent  frankness.  When  invited  to  join  the  corps, 
he  replied,  "  that  although  an  old  man,  he  should  be 
proud  to  shoulder  his  gun  again  in  the  ranks  of  that 
Company."  He  entered  with  his  peculiar  zeal  into  the 
cause  of  the  institution;  and  to  his  personal  exertions, 
in  a  great  degree,  may  be  attributed  the  reintroduction 
of  field-pieces.  At  what  period  they  abandoned  the 
use  of  great  guns,  is  not  known  ;  but  probably  in  1691. 
In  1810,  the  project  was  started,  to  apply  to  the  Legis- 
lature for  field-pieces;  but,  as  the  report  contained 
other  suggestions  of  expensive  improvement,  the  plan 
was  relinquished. 

Gen.  Mattoon,  however,  was  not  permitted  to  enjoy 
the  fruits  of  his  own  labor.  He  was  heard  to  observe, 
on  the  ^election  day,  when  he  was  to  have  resigned  the 
badges  of  Commander,  and  in  the  ceremonies  of  which 
he  could  not  partake,  that  it  was  one  of  the  most  mel- 
ancholy days  he  had  ever  been  called  to  spend,  as  he 
had  calculated  with  no  small  degree  of  pride  on  that  day. 

The  Governor  and  Council  transmitted  the  following  General  Or- 
ders to  the  Company  : — 

In  Council,  July  3d,  1817.  The  Military  Committee  of  Council, 
to  whom  was  referred  a  petition  from  a  Committee  of  the  Hon.  and 
Ancient  Artillery  Company,  appointed  for  that  purpose,  requesting 
a  loan  of  a  pair  of  brass  field-pieces,  that  thereby  they  may  be  restor- 
ed to  the  ancient  situation  of  the  Company,  (as  its  name  imports;) 
as  well  as  to  assist  them  in  acquiring  a  correct  knowledge  in  the  ex- 
ercise of  Artillery,  united  to  their  present  improvements  in  Infantry, 
respectfully  report :  That  his  Excellency  be  advised  to  direct  the 
Quarter-Master  General  to  loan  to  the  A.  and  H.  Artillery  Company 


395 

a  pair  of  brass  six-pound  cannon,  completely  equipped  for  field  ser- 
vice, and  to  supply  said  Company,  for  the  use  of  said  cannon,  the 
usual  quantity  of  ammunition  as  directed  by  law  for  other  Companies 
of  Artillery  within  the  Commonwealth. 

In  Council,  July  3d,  1817.  This  report  is  accepted,  and  by  the 
Governor  approved.  ALDEN  BRADFORD,  Sec'yofthe  Com'th. 

Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts. — General  Orders.     Head  Quar- 
ters, Boston,  July  12th,  1817. 

The  Commander-in-Chief  having,  on  the  3d  instant,  been  advised 
by  the  Honorable  Council,  to  direct  the  Quarter-Master  General  to 
loan  to  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  a  pair  of  brass 
six-pound  cannon,  completely  equipped  for  field  service,  and  to  sup- 
ply said  Company  with  the  usual  quantity  of  ammunition  as  is  direct- 
ed by  law  for  other  Companies  of  Artillery  within  the  Common- 
wealth :  His  Excellency  accordingly  directs  the  Quarter-Master 
General  to  furnish  by  loan  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery 
Company  with  two  pieces  of  cannon  of  the  description  above  men- 
tioned, together  with  complete  equipments  for  the  same,  for  field 
service,  and  in  every  respect  to  comply  with  the  above  written  ad- 
vice of  Council.  The  cannon  thus  loaned  to  be  kept  at  the  Labora- 
tory in  Boston,  and  when  not  in  use  to  be  under  the  care  of  the 
Quarter-Master  General. 

By  his  Excellency's  command. 

WILLIAM  H.  SUMMER,  Aid-dc-Camp. 

In  the  beginning  of  the  Revolution,  the  Americans  had  no  Artil- 
lery. While  the  troops  were  assembling  in  the  neighborhood  of 
Boston,  and  the  British  had  shut  up  the  town,  so  that  nothing  could 
enter  or  depart  without  their  inspection,  these  field-pieces  were  de- 
posited, in  the  gun-house  at  the  South  End.  Samuel  Gore,  Ar.  Co. 
1786,  with  two  others,  laid  a  plan  to  obtain  and  convey  them  to  the 
American  army.  They  privately,  at  night,  removed  a  board  from 
the  gun-house,  whereby  they  entered,  dismounted  these  pieces,  and 
secreted  them  in  a  load  of  manure,  to  be  carried  out  of  town.  The 
next  day,  the  British  unsuspectingly  suffered  the  countryman  to  pass 
with  his  load,  and  they  were  triumphantly  carried  to  the  American 
camp.  They  were  eminently  serviceable  to  our  army  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  war,  during  which  they  were  in  many  engage- 
ments, and  were  taken  and  retaken  several  times.  They  were  chris- 
tened by  the  patriotic  names  of  Hancock  and  Adams.  At  the  close 
of  the  war,  they  remained  the  property  of  Massachusetts,  and  were 
confided  to  the  care  of  the  Ar.  Co.  After  the  peace,  they  were  or- 
namented with  the  following  engraving : — "  The  Hancock.  Sacred 


396 

to  liberty.  This  is  one  of  the  four  cannon  which  constituted  the 
whole  train  of  Field  Artillery,  possessed  by  the  British  Colonies  of 
North  America  at  the  commencement  of  the  war,  on  the  19th  of 
April,  1775.  This  cannon,  and  its  fellow,  belonged  to  a  number  of 
citizens  of  Boston ;  were  used  in  many  engagements  during  the  war. 
The  other  two,  the  property  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts, 
were  taken  by  the  enemy.  By  order  of  the  United  States,  in  Con- 
gress assembled,  May  19th,  1788." 

The  piece  called  Adams,  had  the  same  engraving  upon  it.  It  was 
split,  in  target  practice,  under  Capt.  G.  Wells.  The  Governor  and 
Council  afterwards  gave  both  pieces  to  the  Bunker-Hill  Monument 
Association,  to  be  placed  in  the  Monument.  The  State  still  fur- 
nishes two  six-pounders  to  the  Company,  with  apparatus  complete. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  DAVIS,  Boston,  merchant. 

BRIG.  GEN.  THOMAS  H.  BLOOD,  Sterling,  hatter. 
Representative  and  Senator,  Brig.  General  of  the  2d 
Brigade,  7th  Division,  of  Militia.  A  Delegate  at  the 
Convention  of  1820. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  BUTTERFIELD,  Boston. 

CAPT.  FRANCIS  WYMAN,  Cambridge,  trader.  Died 
December,  1 83 1 ,  aged  45. 

NATHANIEL  BRYANT,  Boston,  cabinet-maker. 

While  the  Ar.  Co.  was  commanded  by  Gen.  Dearborn,  an  elegant 
sword  was  presented  by  a  Committee  of  past  Commanders,  on  the 
Common,  Election  day,  June,  1817,  to  his  Excellency  Gov.  Brooks, 
in  testimony  of  their  esteem  and  respect.  This  sword  and  its  para- 
phernalia cost  nearly  $200,  raised  principally  by  subscriptions  among 
the  members. 

It  appears,  May  26th,  1817,  the  inventory  of  equipments  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  was  valued  at  $2515  82,  and  that  their  stand  of  arms  was  64. 
The  productive  funds  of  the  Company  consisted  of  24  shares  Union 
Bank,  Boston,  $2400,  and  a  certificate  of  United  States  seven  per 
cent,  stock,  of  $400.  These  stocks  were  then  much  above  par. 
The  funds  are  now  ( 1842)  $3950.  The  stand  of  arms,  &c.  in  1821, 
were  100 ;  Gen.  Lyman  gave  the  knapsacks,  and  a  new  standard  was 
given. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1817,  by  Daniel  C.  Saun- 
ders,  D.  D.  Medfield— 2d  Chron.  XVII.  10th.  Printed. 


397 


1818. 

CAPT.  BENJAMIN  JV1.  NEVERS,  Boston,  livery  stable 
keeper.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1827. 

LIEUT.  EBENEZER  W.  NEVERS,  Boston,  wood  wharf- 
inger, (brother  of  the  preceding.)  He  died  at  Boston, 
August  17th,  1838,  aged  47. 

LIEUT.  COL.  DANIEL  BROWN,  Boston,  printer.  Lieut. 
Colonel  of  2d  Regiment. 

LIEUT.  ROBERT  SOMERBY,  Boston,  jeweller.     Died  at 

Roxbury,  August  20th,  1821,  aged  27. 

\ 
Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1818,  by  Henry  Colman, 

Hingham— Ps.  CXXXVII.  5th,  6th.     Printed. 

1819. 
LIEUT.  GEORGE  W.  THAYER,  Boston,  merchant. 

BRIG.  GEN.  WILLIAM  SULLIVAN,  Boston,  lawyer;  son 
of  Gov.  Sullivan.  Graduated  at  Harvard  College  1792, 
and  became  eminent  in  his  profession.  He  was  a  man 
of  popular  talents,  and  a  polished  gentleman.  Repre- 
sentative ;  Senator  ;  Major  of  the  Cadets ;  but  his  diffi- 
dence induced  him  to  resign  when  offered  the  Colonelcy 
of  that  corps.  After  several  years  he  was  selected  by 
the  field  officers  of  the  Boston  Brigade  for  their  Com- 
mander, and  reluctantly  accepted.  Delegate  at  the 
Convention  of  1820.  He  was  author  of  some  useful 
school  books  ;  devoted  himself  to  literature  of  late  years, 
and  died  about  1 838. 

BRIG.  GEN.  WILLIAM  H.  SUMNER,  Boston,  lawyer ; 
only  son  and  Aid-de-Camp  of  Gov.  Sumner ;  was  born 
in  Boston,  July  4th,  1780;  a  descendant  of  Col.  S. 
Shrimpton,  1670,  and  William  Hyslop,  1755.  He  grad- 
uated at  Har.  Col.  1799.  Representative.  He  succeed- 


398 

ed  Gen.  Mattoon  as  Adjutant  General.     Captain  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1821,  and  is  now  a  gentleman  of  fortune. 

LIEUT.  COL.  SAMUEL  SWETT,  Boston,  lawyer.  Grad- 
uated at  Har.  Col.  1 800 ;  afterwards  engaged  in  mer- 
cantile and  literary  pursuits,  and  was  wealthy.  He  was 
Aid-de-Camp  to  the  Governor,  by  which  he  gained  his 
title,  and  first  Captain  of  the  New  England  Guards. 
Representative. 

LIEUT.  COL.  RUEL  BAKER,  Boston,  painter ;  born  at 
Sudbury.  Lieut.  Colonel  of  the  3d  Regiment ;  Lieu- 
tenant of  the  Ar.  Co.  1824. 

MAJ.  BENJAMIN  WINS  LOW,  Boston,  merchant.  One 
of  the  Brigade  staff. 

MAJ.  GEN.  ELIJAH  CRANE,  Canton,  yeoman.  He 
never  sustained  office  in  the  Ar.  Co.  having  joined  it 
when  advanced  in  years,  solely  to  encourage  the  militia. 
His  first  office  was  Cornet  of  Cavalry,  from  which  he 
rose  to  Major  General  of  the  1st  Division,  and  served 
in  commission  21  years,  or,  to  use  his  own  expression, 
"till  he  was  free."  He  died  February,  1834. 

CAPT.  PETER  L.  R.  STONE,  Boston,  merchant. 

MAJ.  GEN.  NATHANIEL  AUSTIN,  Charlestown,  mer- 
chant. Captain  of  the  Warren  Phalanx;  Maj.  General 
of  the  Middlesex  Division.  Sheriff  of  Middlesex;  Rep- 
resentative ;  Senator ;  Councillor. 

CAPT.  EZRA  HAWKS,  Boston,  tinman. 

TIMOTHY  Rix,  Boston,  merchant.  Removed  to  Ha- 
verhill,  N.  H. 

LIEUT.  COL.  BENJAMIN  T.  PICKMAN,  Boston,  mer- 
chant ;  born  in  Salem.  Aid-de-Camp  to  the  Governor ; 
Representative,  Senator,  and  President  of  the  Senate. 
He  died  of  apoplexy,  March  21st,  1835,  aged  45. 

LIEUT.  GEORGE  STEARNS,  Boston,  trader. 


399 

In  1819,  the  Ar.  Co.  printed  a  list  of  members,  from  1638.  This 
list  was  made  as  perfect  as  possible,  and  the  thought  of  compiling  a 
History  was  suggested.  In  the  course  of  preparing  the  sketch,  many 
additions  and  corrections  were  made  to  that  list,  and  it  was  again 
printed,  still  imperfect.  It  was  then  ascertained  that  134  were  offi- 
cers, who  had  no  titles.  Nearly  as  many  now  remain  in  this  work, 
for  whom  no  correct  title  can  be  discovered.  The  Rules  adopted 
1819,  were  approved  by  the  Governor  and  Council,  viz  : — 

Council  Chamber,  Feb.  llth,  1820.  The  Committee  of  Council, 
to  whom  was  referred  the  Rules  and  Regulations  of  the  A.  and  H. 
Artillery  Company,  the  same  having  been  laid  before  the  Executive 
for  approbation,  according  to  ancient  charter  and  usage,  respectfully 
report,  that  they  have  examined  the  same,  and  nothing  therein  being 
found  objectionable,  they  recommend  that  the  same  be  approved  by 
His  Excellency  the  Governor  and  the  Honorable  Council.  Which  is 
submitted.  SAMUEL  P.  P.  FAY,  Per  Order. 

In  Council,  Feb.  llth,  1820.  This  report  is  accepted,  and  by  the 
Governor  approved,  ALDEN  BRADFORD,  Sec'y  of  the  Com'th. 

After  the  State  Constitution  went  into  force,  the  Boston  Militia 
formed  one  Regiment,  with  a  Colonel,  &c.  Colonelcies  were  soon 
abolished,  and  another  Major  added,  till  1816,  when  Congress  re- 
stored them,  and  the  State  created,  by  brevets,  Lieut.  Colonels,  to 
be  Colonels,  &,c.  In  1798,  Boston  and  Chelsea  Militia  were  a  Le- 
gionary Brigade,  under  a  Brig.  General ;  Infantry,  four  Companies 
each,  formed  Sub-legions  ;  Light  Infantry  and  Artillery,  each  a  Sub- 
legion.  The  Sub-legion  was  under  a  Major,  and  all  under  a  Lieut. 
Colonel.  In  1810,  Boston  and  Chelsea  formed  three  Regiments,  or 
the  3d  Brigade,  abolishing  the  title  Legionary,  the  Infantry  being 
apportioned  to  them — the  Artillery  being  a  separate  Battalion.  The 
Major  Generals  have  been,  for  the  1st  Division — 

Benjamin  Lincoln,  Hingham,  elected  April  3d,  1786. 

Henry  Jackson,  Boston,  elected  Feb.  18th,  1792. 

Simon  Elliot,  Boston,  elected  June  18th,  1796. 

Elijah  Crane,  Canton,  elected  June  16th,  1809. 

Aaron  Capen,  Dorchester,  elected  1830. 

John  S.  Tyler,  Boston,  elected  Feb.  4th,  1834. 

Edward  W.  Bradley,  Dorchester,  elected . 

Appleton  Howe,  Weymouth,  elected  1839,  1841. 

At  first,  the  Ar.  Co.  re-elected  eminent  members  to  offices  before 
sustained,  which  is  now  uncommon.  Maj.  Savage  and  Col.  Town- 
send  were  Lieutenants  twice,  Captains  five  times ;  Gen.  Gibbons 
Captain  four  times  ;  seven  persons  have  been  twice  Captains,  and 
32  once  Captains  who  were  never  Subalterns.  The  only  names  of 


400 

officers  of  the  Ar.  Co.  now  lost,  are  the  Lieutenant  and  Ensign  of 
1649,  and  the  Ensign  of  1741. 

Since  1810,  there  have  been  founded — The  "New  England 
Guards;"  "  City  Guards,"  now  "City  Greys;"  "  Pulaski  Guards," 
1836  ;  "  Washington  Phalanx,"  first  Capt. Kurtz,  1841 ;  "  High- 
land Guards,"  1837;  "National  Lancers,"  Cavalry,  1836, under  the 
patronage  of  Gov.  Everett,  who  presented  them  a  standard — the  most 
efficient  and  best  furnished  corps  in  the  State ;  "  Rangers,"  now 
"  Rifle  Rangers  ;"  "  Mechanic  Riflemen  ;"  "  La  Fayette  Guards  ;" 
"  Montgomery  Guards."  The  three  corps  last  named,  with  the 
"  Winslow  Blues,"  have  been  disbanded  since  1810. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1819,  by  Thomas  Gray, 
Roxbury — Rom.  XI.  13th.  Printed. 

1820. 
ENSIGN  SAMUEL  A.  BELKNAP,  Boston,  jeweller. 

ANDREW  G.  WINSLOW,  Boston,  merchant,  son  of  Gen. 
John,  1786.  Clerk  of  the  Ar.  Co.  He  died  at  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio,  Oct.  1832,  of  the  Asiatic  cholera. 

BRIG.  GEN.  NATHANIEL  GUILD,  Dedham,  house- 
wright.  Brigadier  General  of  the  2d  Brigade,  1st 
Division. 

BRIG.  GEN.  THEODORE  LYMAN,  JR,  Boston,  mer- 
chant ;  born  in  Boston,  Feb.  22,  1792.  He  graduated 
at  Harvard  College,  1810.  Aid-de-Camp  to  the  Gov- 
ernor. Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1821,  under  Gen. 
Sumner.  He  had  no  practical  knowledge  of  military 
tactics,  when  he  accepted  that  office.  By  the  unex- 
pected absence  of  Gen.  Sumner  one  drill  meeting,  the 
command  devolved  upon  him.  His  ill  success  disap- 
pointed the  numerous  members  present.  He  dismissed 
the  Company  early,  and  during  the  week  following 
studied  most  earnestly  upon  his  duty.  On  the  next 
drill  meeting  he  again  commanded,  and  the  contrast 
was  strikingly  evident.  Such  was  the  deserved  reputa- 
tion he  gained,  that  at  the  next  anniversary  he  was 


401 

elected  Commander  and  chosen  Brigadier  General  of 
the  Boston  Militia,.  No  person  ever  commanded  the 
Boston  troops  with  more  distinguished  fame.  An  en- 
thusiasm and  improvement  in  a  new  system  of  discipline 
and  tactics  which  he  infused  into  the  whole  body  drew 
from  men  of  high  military  fame  the  most  decided 
approbation.  The  praise  of  the  Marquis  La  Fayette, 
who  had  qn  opportunity  of  witnessing  his  talents,  was 
spontaneous  and  unequivocal.  He  continues  a  very 
useful  member  and  possessing  a  fortune,  he  has  not 
been  sparing  in  his  liberal  donations  to  the  Ar.  Co.  or 
the  militia  generally.  Representative  from  Boston, 
Senator,  and  Mayor  of  Boston. 

COAXES  EVANS,  Boston,  trader. 

CAPT.  EPHRAIM  DODGE,  Boston,  innkeeper.  First 
Commander  of  the  Militia  of  South  Boston,  upon  that 
section  being  set  off  as  a  Company  by  itself. 

CAPT.  PETER  MACKINTOSH,  JR,  Boston,  shopkeeper, 
afterwards  schoolmaster.  A  distinguished  Commander 
of  the  Boston  Light  Infantry. 

CAPT.  BENJAMIN  DARLING,  Boston,  plumber  and  gla- 
zier. He  commanded  the  Winslow  Blues.  Lieutenant 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1825. 

MAJ.  ALEXANDER  HAMILTON  GIBBS,  Roxbury,  mer- 
chant, born  at  Boston,  August  2d,  1791.  Lieutenant 
of  the  Fusilliers,  and  afterwards  first  Captain  and  foun- 
der of  the  "  Norfolk  Guards  "  at  Roxbury,  from  which 
he  was  promoted  Brigade  Major  of  the  1st  Brigade, 
1st  Division.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1821,  Captain, 
1823.  The  following  is  an  obituary  notice  of  him.* 

"  Died  in  this  city,  March  5,  1827,  Alexander  H.  Gibbs,  Esq. 
aged  35,  suddenly  of  a  pleurisy.  Society  has  lost  a  very  valuable 

*  Boston  Patriot ;  Chronicle,  and  Palladium  of  March  9th,  1827. 
51 


402 

member.  He  was  a  public  spirited,  active  citizen,  always  prompt 
to  perform  his  whole  duty  as  was  exhibited  in  his  zeal  in  several  of 
our  military  associations,  in  his  punctual  and  energetic  performance 
of  duty  as  an  Engineer  in  our  new  Fire  Department,  and  in  the  faith- 
fulness to  the  government  and  urbanity  to  the  citizens,  with  which 
he  always  conducted  as  an  officer  of  the  customs.  At  the  early  age 
of  thirty,  he  was  elected  to  the  command  of  the  Ar.  Co.  In  all  the 
relations  of  private  life  he  was  uniformly  exemplary,  a  kind  and  judi- 
cious father ;  a  faithful  and  affectionate  husband  ;  a  generous,  true, 
and  constant  friend.  His  well  proportioned,  athletic,  and  graceful 
form,  gave  to  human  view  a  prospect  of  long  life,  and  a  few  days 
since  he  was  in  the  midst  of  us,  full  of  health,  activity  and  useful- 
ness ;  but  God  has  changed  his  countenance,  and  sent  him  away,  as 
we  humbly  trust  and  believe,  to  receive  the  reward  promised  to  the 
faithful  and  just."  He  was  a  member  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  and 
upon  his  decease  the  Rev.  Mr.  Potter  preached  an  excellent  funeral 
sermon. 

COL.  SAMUEL  H.  PARKER,  Boston,  bookseller.  Cap- 
tain of  the  Winslow  Blues,  Colonel  of  the  3d  Regi- 
ment, Adjutant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1822.  He  enlivened 
every  circle  in  which  he  met  with  his  chaste  and  delight- 
ful songs. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  W.  CLAPP,  Boston,  the  talented 
editor  of  the  Evening  Gazette ;  son  of  Capt.  Bela, 
1789. 

MAJ.  STEPHEN  FAIRBANKS,  Boston,  saddler,  after- 
wards dealer  in  hardware.  Brigade  Major  under  Gen. 
Sullivan.  Representative,  President  of  the  Mass.  Char. 
Mechanic  Association. 

LIEUT.  COL.  CALEB  HARTSHORN,  Boston,  hatter; 
came  from  Walpole,  Mass.  Captain  of  the  Fusilliers ; 
Lieutenant  Colonel  of  Boston  Regiment.  He  became 
insane  about  the  year  1 838,  and  recovered. 

MAJ.  MARTIN  BRIMMER,  Boston,  merchant.  He 
graduated  at  Harvard  College,  1814.  When  in  college 
he  commanded  the  University  Corps.  Captain  of  the 
Rangers,  and  Brigade  Major  under  Gen.  Lyman.  Cap- 


403 

tain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1826.     Representative  and  Alder- 
man. 

CAPT.  GEORGE  A.  HODGES,  Boston,  merchant ;  born 
at  Salem. 

COL.  THADDEUS  PAGE,  Boston,  grocer.  Col.  of  Bos- 
ton Regiment ;  died  January  27,  1837,  aged  49. 

COL.  JOSEPH  S.  PORTER,  Charlestown,  cordwainer; 
Captain  of  the  Columbian  Guards ;  Colonel  of  the 
Charlestown  Regiment ;  removed  to  New  York. 

LIEUT.  CHRISTOPHER  A.  BROWN,  Charlestown,  shop- 
keeper. 

MAJ.  JAMES  TALBOT,  Dedham,  shopkeeper.  One 
of  Gen.  Crane's  staff. 

CAPT.  JOHN  MUZZY,  Boston,  grocer* 
CAPT.  CALVIN  HATCH,  Boston,  tailor. 

ENSIGN  WILLIAM  H.  HUNT,  Boston,  housewright; 
died  at  Montreal,  Sept  29th,  1824,  aged  30. 

LIEUT.  COL.  NEHEMIAH  WYMAN,  Charlestown,  butch- 
er. Captain  of  the  Warren  Phalanx  ;  Lieutenant  Col- 
onel of  the  Charlestown  Regiment.  He  resigned  his 
Lieutenant  Colonelcy  and  again  commanded  his  favor- 
ite corps  and  restored  its  discipline  and  numbers. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1 820  ;  by  John  Codman, 
D.  D.  Dorchester — Jer.  IV.  6th.  Printed. 

1821. 

COL.  WILLIAM  BEACH,  Gloucester.  Representative. 
Colonel  of  militia.  Delegate  at  the  Convention,  1820. 

CAPT.  BREWSTER  REYNOLDS,  Boston,  grocer. 
ENSIGN  ISAAC  M.  HAWES,  Charlestown,  trader. 

LIEUT.  COL.  ELIAB  W.  METCALF,  Cambridge,  prin- 
ter to  Har.  University.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1824 ; 


404 

Lieut.  Colonel  of  militia ;  Representative ;  died  Nov. 
27th,  1835,  aged  54. 

MAJ.  GEN.  MICAH  M.  RUTTER,  East  Sudbury,  yeo- 
man ;  Deputy  Sheriff  of  Middlesex,  and  rose  regularly 
to  the  command  of  the  Middlesex  Division  as  successor 
to  Gen.  N.  Austin.  Representative  ten  years ;  Senator  ; 
died  at  Wayland  (East  Sudbury)  May  8,  1837,  aged  58. 

COL.  ISAAC  KURD,  JR,  Concord,  manufacturer  or 
innkeeper.  Colonel  of  the  3d  Regiment,  1st  Brigade. 
He  died  about  1828. 

COL.  ROBERT  ROBINSON,  Lynn,  cordwainer.  Col- 
onel of  militia. 

COL.  ARTEMAS  CONANT,  Stow,  trader.  Colonel  of 
militia. 

COL.  WILLIAM  BALDWIN,  East  Sudbury,  yeoman. 
He  succeeded  Col.  Conant. 

COL.  JOSEPH  BDTTERFIELD,  Tyngsboro',  trader.  Di- 
vision Inspector.  Representative. 

MAJ.  SAMUEL  A.  COBURN,  Dracut,  innkeeper. 

MAJ.  JOHN  KEYES,  Concord,  lawyer.  Representa- 
tive ;  Senator  six  years ;  Judge  Advocate ;  Delegate  at 
the  Convention,  1 820.  He  graduated  at  Dart.  College 
in  1809. 

LIEUT.  COL.  WILLIAM  BUTTRICK,  Pepperell.  Rep- 
resentative five  years. 

LIEUT.  COL.  DRURY  FAIRBANKS,  Sudbury. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  ADAMS,  Chelmsford.  Captain  of  a 
well  disciplined  Rifle  Company. 

CAPT.  EBENEZER  EATON,  Dorchester,  innkeeper. 
MAJ.  ABRAHAM  GATES,  Marlboro'. 

MAJ.  WILLIAM  A.  BANCROFT,  Townsend,  yeoman. 
Brigade  Major. 


405 

i 

DOCT.  WILLIAM  INGALLS,  Boston.  Professor  of 
Anatomy  in  Brown  University ;  graduated  at  Har.  Col. 
1790. 

LIEUT.  COL.  THOMAS  C.  AMORY,  Boston,  merchant. 
He  commanded  the  Cadets.  Representative. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  TUCKER,  Boston,  merchant. 

COL.  DANIEL  SHATTUCK,  Coocord,  trader.  Repre- 
sentative and  Senator. 

CAPT.  RICHARD  BRACKET,  Chelsea* 

MAJOR  SAMUEL  BURR,  Concord,  trader.  Aid  to  Gen. 
Austin  ;  Representative.  Died  in  1 832. 

LIEUT.  MOSES  GRAGG,  Dedham,  innkeeper.  Caval- 
ry officer. 

CAPT.  SILAS  PIERCE,  Boston,  grocer. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  DOGGETT,  Roxbury,  merchant. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JONATHAN  A.  RICHARDS,  Roxbury.  Rep- 
resentative. 

ENSIGN  STEPHEN  S.  DAVIS,  Roxbury,  trader. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  L.  ABBOT,  Boston,  merchant.  Cap- 
tain of  the  Winslow  Blues. 

LIEUT.  GEORGE  M.  GIBBENS,  Boston,  grocer;  broth*- 
of  Col.  Gibbens,  1810.  Died  October,  1830,  aged  34. 

CAPT.  WINSLOW  LEWIS,  Boston,  merchant.  He 
commanded  the  Sea  Fencibles.  Representative;  Al- 
derman. He  commanded  the  Artillery  detachment  on 
the  CC  anniversary  of  the  Ar.  Co. 

LIEUT.  AMOS  SUMNER,  Boston,  tailor. 

CAPT.  SOLOMON  LOUD,  Boston,  cabinet-maker.  Cap- 
tain of  the  Washington  Light  Infantry.  Lieutenant  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1827.  Died  January,  1833,  aged  45. 


406 

COL.  LEVI  BATES,  Weymouth,  trader.  Colonel  of 
militia.  Representative  five  years. 

COL.  CHARLES  M.  DOMETT,  Boston,  saddler.  Colo- 
nel of  militia.  Died  previous  to  1838. 

CAPT.  ISAAC  DAVIS,  Boston,  shopkeeper.  Captain 
of  the  Boston  Dragoons.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1831.  He  was  lost  in  the  steamboat  Lexington,  on  the 
night  of  the  13th  January,  1840,  on  her  passage  from 
New  York  to  Stonington ;  only  4  or  5,  out  of  150  pas- 
sengers, escaped.  "  His  heart  was  the  seat  of  kind  and 
generous  affections,  and  he  was  delighting  himself  with 
the  thoughts  of  home,*  on  that  sad  night,  when  sudden- 
ly, with  a  hundred  others,  he  had  but  the  fearful  alterna- 
tive of  the  burning  flame  or  the  suffocating  wave." 

LIEUT.  LEWIS  BAILEY,  Boston,  merchant.  Died 
January,  1834. 

COL.  FRANCIS  PEABODY,  Salem,  merchant.  He  com- 
manded the  Salem  Regiment.  Representative; 

LIEUT.  COL.  JAMES  HAMILTON,  Framingham.  Found- 
er and  first  Captain  of  a  Light  Infantry  Company  there. 
Lieut.  Colonel  of  militia.  He  kept  the  celebrated  Ex- 
change Coffee-House,  in  Boston.  Lieutenant  of  the 

Ar.  Co.  1823.     He  removed  to  New  York  city. 

• 

CAPT.  ELIPHALET  WHEELER,  Framingham.  Second 
Captain  of  the  Light  Infantry  there. 

CAPT.  HENRY  FOWLE,  JR,  Boston,  block  and  pump 
maker ;  oldest  son  of  Henry,  1 806. 

CAPT.  NATHAN  HOBBS,  Boston,  jeweller. 
LIEUT.  FREDERICK  GOULD,  Boston,  clothier. 

COL.  SILAS  STEWART,  Boston,  grocer ;  succeeded 
Col.  Domett.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1826. 

*See  Dr.  Sharp's  excellent  Artillery  Sermon,  1840, 


CAPT.  WALTER  FROST,  Boston,  coach-maker. 

BRIG.  GEN.  JOSIAH  S.  FISHER,  Dedham ;  succeed- 
ed Gen.  Guild.  Representative.  Died  October,  1828, 
aged  38. 

MAJ.  THOMAS  J.  LOBDELL,  Boston,  merchant.  He 
commanded  the  South  End  Artillery,  and  the  Battalion. 

LIEUT.  COL.  HARRISON  G.  OTIS,  JR,  Boston,  lawyer; 
oldest  son  of  Hon.  H.  G.  Otis.  Graduated  at  Harvard 
College  1811.  He  commanded  the  Cadets.  He  died 
on  a  journey  among  his  friends,  of  apoplexy,  at  Spring- 
field, January,  1827.  A  young  gentleman  of  great 
promise. 

CAPT.  JOHN  ELLIOT,  Boston,  grocer.  Died  Septem- 
ber, 1832,  aged  48. 

COL.  JOHN  F.  BANISTER,  Boston,  cooper;  oldest  son 
of  John,  1 806.  Colonel  of  the  3d  Regiment.  Adjutant 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1828. 

MAJ.  ALFRED  ALLEN,  Walpole,  now  Charlestown, 
merchant.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1829.  A  staff 
officer  under  Gen.  Guild. 

MAJ.  FREEMAN  FISHER,  Dedham,  merchant.  A  staff 
officer  under  Gen.  Guild. 

COL.  PRENTISS  HOBBS,  Boston,  wood  wharfinger. 
Colonel  of  3d  Regiment.  Representative  nine  years. 

COL.  JAMES  BROWN,  Framingham. 

MAJ.  GEN.  SALEM  TOWNE,  JR,  Charlton,  yeoman. 
Colonel  of  militia ;  Major  General  of  the  Worcester 
Division.  Representative  and  Senator. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  HOOTEN,  Boston,  sailmaker. 

BRIG.  GEN.  JOHN  TEMPLE  WINTHROP,  Boston,  lawyer; 
born  May  14th,  1796 ;  a  descendant  of  the  first  Governor 
of  Massachusetts.  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in 


1815.  Colonel  of  the  2d  Regiment,  and  succeeded  Gen. 
Lyman  in  the  Brigade.  Adjutant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1824; 
Captain  1 825.  Representative.  His  name  is  altered  to 
John  Temple  James  Bowdoin. 

CAPT.  EDDY  FAIRBANKS,  Roxbury. 

CAPT.  EDWARD  L.  SCOTT,  Boston,  master  mariner. 
He  commanded  the  Sea  Fencibles. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JOHN  BRAZER  DAVIS,  Boston,  lawyer; 
grandson  of  Capt.  Brazer,  1786,  and  son  of  Lieut. 
Davis,  1801.  He  graduated  at  Har.  College  in  1815, 
and  was  a  Tutor.  Editor  of  the  Chronicle  and  Patriot. 
Aid-de-Camp  to  Gov.  Lincoln.  Representative  five 
years.  He  died  at  Boston,  December,  1832.  "He 
was  a  gentleman  of  great  promise  in  his  profession,  and 
has  been  much  distinguished  in  our  public  affairs  for 
one  of  his  years." 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  HARVARD  ELIOT,  Boston,  lawyer.  He 
gaduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1815.  Aid-de-Camp 
to  Gen.  Lyman.  He  was  a  young  gentleman  of  pleas- 
ant temper,  amiable  manners,  and  enterprising  spirit. 
By  the  death  of  his  father,  Samuel  Eliot,  Esq. — a  pol- 
ished gentleman  of  the  old  school — he  became  possessed 
of  an  ample  fortune.  He  projected  the  building  of  the 
Tremont  Hotel.  He  was  selected,  though  very  young, 
to  succeed  Hon.  H.  G.  Otis  as  Mayor  of  the  City,  sev- 
eral unsuccessful  attempts  having  been  made  to  effect 
an  election.'  It  was  expected  his  popularity  would  unite 
the  contending  parties.  While  the  electioneering  cam- 
paign was  going  on,  and  just  preceding  the  ballot,  the 
following  appeared  in  the  Courier,  Dec.  8th,  1831 : — 

"  A  third  candidate  (Lyman  and  Wells)  now  formally  presented 
for  our  suffrages,  is  Mr.  William  Harvard  Eliot,  a  gentleman  whose 
popularity  with  all  classes  of  citizens  will  ensure  him  a  very  consid- 
erable vote.  Of  the  many  good  qualities  which  have  given  him  this 


409 

popularity,  and  justified  his  friends  in  bringing  his  name  before  the 
public,  we  are  prepared  to  speak  cheerfully  and  liberally.  *  *  * 
"  Alas  !  The  voice  of  praise  and  the  commendations  of  friend- 
ship have  no  power  to  recall  the  breath  that  is  gone,  nor  can  the  re- 
cital of  claims  to  public  honors  and  distinctions  '  provoke  the  silent 
dust,  or  soothe  the  dull,  cold  ear'  of  the  dead.  Well  may  we  ex- 
claim, in  the  language  of  Burke,  '  What  shadows  we  are  !  What 
shadows  we  pursue !'  Our  pen  refuses  all  other  office,  than  to  blot 
out  nearly  all  that  we  had  written  as  useless  and  unavailing  ;  for  be- 
fore we  had  finished  our  contemplated  task,  the  subject  of  our  recom- 
mendation ceased  to  be  a  candidate  for  the  honors  that  his  friends 
and  fellow-citizens  were  preparing  to  bestow.  William  H.  Eliot  is 
dead.  That  short  sentence  comprises  all  that  can  now  be  said  of 
him,  in  connection  with  the  topics  discussed  in  this  article.  His 
merits  deserve  a  different  notice,  but  the  present  moment  is  to« 
affecting — and  here  we  stop." 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  WHITNEY,  Concord,  blacksmith. 

LIEUT.  EDWARD  WATSON,  Boston,  jeweller.  Died 
about  1839. 

CAPT.  NATHANIEL  SNOW,  Boston,  master  mariner. 

He  commanded  the  Sea  Fencibles,  and  died  at  B. 

/ 
Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1821,  by  Edward  Everett, 

Prof.  Har.  Col.— Ps.  CXXVI.  10th. 

1822. 

CAPT.  AMOS  B.  PARKER,  Boston,  bookbinder.  Died 
March,  1833,  aged  37. 

MAJ.  GEN.  JOHN  S.  TYLER,  Boston,  merchant.  Prin- 
cipal founder  and  first  Commander  of  the  City  Guards. 
He  rose  regularly  to  be  Maj.  General  of  1st  Division, 
Adjutant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1827 ;  Captain  1832.  He  was 
born  at  Guilford,  Vt.  1796,  and  was  an  excellent  disci- 
plinarian. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  A.  DICKERMAN,  Boston,  merchant. 
Removed  to  New  York.  Lieutenant  of  City  Guards. 

CAPT.  HENRY  HUGLE  HUGGEFORD,  Boston,  lawyer. 

53 


410 

He  graduated  at  Bar.  College  in  1817.  Deputy  Sheriff. 
Clerk  of  the  Ar.  Co.  He  succeeded  Gen.  Tyler  as  Com- 
mander of  the  City  Guards.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1828.  He  became  insane  in  1840,  having  lost  his  prop- 
erty. He  was  a  generous,  firm,  useful  and  honorable 
man,  and  died  at  Worcester,  April  1,  1841,  aged  42. 

CALVIN  WASHBURN,  Boston,  merchant. 

CAPT.  RUSSELL  GLOVER,  Boston,  master  mariner. 
Captain  of  the  Sea  Fencibles.  Removed  to  New  York 
city. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  L.  SMITH,  Boston,  grocer.  Captain 
of  the  South  End  Artillery.  Removed  to  Lexington. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  L.  FOSTER,  Boston  ;  son  of  Rev. 
Edmund,  of  Littleton.  Captain  of  U.  S.  Infantry,  1812. 
He  died  June  llth,  1822.  He  appeared  in  the  ranks 
on  the  first  Monday  of  June,  1822. 

COL.  SAMUEL  JACQUES,  Charlestown,  merchant.  Di- 
vision Inspector.  Representative. 

CAPT.  DANIEL  GOODENOW,  Cambridge,  innkeeper. 
He  raised  and  first  commanded  a  well  disciplined  Light 
Infantry  Company,  at  Cragie's  Point.  He  removed  to 
New  Hampshire,  and  lastly  to  Windsor,  Vt.  A  gentle- 
man of  benevolent,  convivial  feelings. 

CAPT.  OTIS  B.  PRESCOTT,  Cambridge.  Removed 
south. 

CAPT.  GENET  HOLBROOK,  Boston,  grocer.  Died  Nov. 
21st,  1826,  aged  31.  He  added  much  to  the  festivities 
of  the  Company  by  the  taste  and  purity  of  his  songs. 

LIEUT.  COL.  EBENEZER  NEAL,  Lynn.     Militia  officer. 

COL.  DANIEL  N.  BREED,  Lytfn,  innkeeper.  Colonel 
of  militia. 

ENSIGN  JOSHUA  C.  BATES,  Boston,  trader. 


411 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  HOBBS,  Weston,  tanner ;  brother  of 
Col.  P.  Hobbs,  1821.     Representative. 

JOHN  H.  PEARSON,  Boston;  born  in  Wilmington.  AR 
enterprising  merchant,  and  most  estimable  man. 

MAJ.  Louis  DENNIS,  Boston,  mason.  Major  of  2d 
Regiment.  An  excellent  officer  and  estimable  citizen. 
Adjutant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1833  ;  Captain,  1838.  .He  was 
born  at  Hardwick,  Mass.  Feb.  8,  1799.  He  com- 
manded the  Fusilliers,  and  again  when  their  name  was 
changed  to  Hancock  Light  Infantry. 

LIEUT.  ASA  CLARK,  Boston,  glazier. 

LIEUT.  COL.  ELI  AS  KINGS  LEY,  Boston,  plaisterer. 

CAPT.  JOHN  RUGGLES,  Cambridge,  victualler ;  Cap- 
tain of  Light  Infantry. 

CAPT.  DANIEL  T.  CURTIS,  Cambridge,  leather-dres- 
ser. A  very  industrious,  frugal  and  temperate  man. 
He  had  acquired  property,  and  had  several  children. 
He  fell  among  gamblers,  who  stripped  him  in  four 
weeks  of  all  he  possessed.  In  pursuit  of  them  he  was 
found  hanging  to  a  bed-post  at  Providence  Hotel.  Sus- 
picions arose  of  his  being  murdered. 

CAPT.  GEORGE  JOHNSON,  Lynn. 
LIEUT.  JACOB  H.  BATES,  Cambridge. 

LIEUT.  CHARLES  EVERETT,  Cambridge.  Represen- 
tative. 

COL.  SAMUEL  LEARNED,  Watertown,  housewright  ; 
born  at  W.  March  9th,  1789.  Colonel  of  militia,  Lieu- 
tenant of  the  Ar.  Co.  1825;  Captain,  1828.  He  died 
of  the  Asiatic  cholera  in  1832,  at  Whitehall,  Vt. 

COL.  ELISHA  STRATTON,  Watertown,  innkeeper. 
He  succeeded  Col.  Learned.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  1826. 


412 

CAPT.  JAMES  GARLAND,  Boston,  housewright. 
CAPT.  FRANCIS  ALDEN,  Dedham,  innkeeper. 

JOSIAH  W.  HOMES,  Boston,  merchant;  died  Dec. 
1833,  aged  40,  while  Armorer. 

DANIEL  MESSINGER,  JR,  Boston,  hatter;  oldest  son 
of  Col.  M.  1792. 

ELISHA  KING,  Boston,  shopkeeper. 

MAJ.  MARSHALL  B.  SPRING,  Watertown,  lawyer ; 
graduated  at  Har.  College,  1812.  An  officer  of  the 
Cadets.  Representative.  He  died  Sept.  17th,  1825, 
aged  33.  "  The  worth  of  this  young  man  was  such," 
says  his  obituary,  "  that  the  town  attended  his  funeral 
at  the  meeting-house,  and  a  sermon  was  preached." 

CAPT.  JOHN  FARRIE,  JR,  Boston,  lawyer ;  son  of 
John,  cooper,  Boston.  He  was  distinguished  by  school 
honors  in  his  youth,  and  educated  a  lawyer  without  a  col- 
lege education.  He  possessed  the  qualities  which  make 
the  useful  citizen,  was  social,  liberal,  energetic,  and 
public  spirited.  Captain  of  the  Winslow  Blues,  and 
their  Treasurer,  extricating  them  from  heavy  embarrass- 
ments. Assistant  Clerk  of  the  Senate.  He  died  Oct. 
13th,  1826,  aged  32,  of  rapid  consumption.  He  never 
had  an  enemy,  was  dutiful  and  affectionate,  in  all  re- 
lations, ever  doing  good  offices.  He  dined  with  his 
father  and  family  on  the  day  of  his  death.  Fully  per- 
suaded of  the  near  approach  of  death,  he  heard  with 
perfect  composure  his  physician  apprize  him  of  his  situ- 
ation ;  conversing  with  his  friends  without  alarm,  and 
died  giving  directions  respecting  a  cause  of  his  client. 
He  was  never  married.  Although  no  public  notice  had 
been  given  of  his  funeral,  it  was  attended  by  a  long 
procession,  composed  of  the  Bar,  the  Ar.  Co.  and  vari- 
ous societies. 

COL.  FRANCIS  B.  FAY,  Southboro',  yeoman ;  repre- 


413 

sented  that  town,  1830;  removed  to  Chelsea  and  was 
Representative  ;  Senator,  1 842. 

CAPT.  DANIEL  HASTINGS,  2o,  Boston,  housewright. 
LIEUT.  REUBEN  VOSE,  Boston,  shopkeeper. 

BR*G.  GEN.  JOSIAH  L.  C.  AMEE,  Boston,  sailmaker. 
Colonel  of  the  3d  Regiment ;  Brig.  General,  August  3d, 
1836.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1835. 

CAPT.  AMOS  H.  HASKELL,  Boston,  bookbinder. 
CAPT.  REUBEN  CARVER,  JR,  Boston,  trader. 
LIEUT.  EDDY  FAIRBANKS,  Roxbury. 

LIEUT.  SUMNER  FULLER,  Boston,  soap  boiler ;  mem- 
ber of  O.  S.  Church. 

CAPT.  NICHOLS  TOWER,  Cohasset,  trader. 
CAPT.  CHARLES  HUBBARD,  Boston,  sign  painter. 
CAPT.  JAMES  SHARP,  Boston,  cabinet  maker. 

COL.  HENRY  S.  KENT,  Boston,  trader;  succeeded 
Col.  Stewart. 

MAJ.  ABRAHAM  EDWARDS,  Cambridge,  lawyer  ;  grad- 
uated at  Har.  College  in  1819.  Brigade  Major.  Ad- 
jutant of  the  Ar.  Co.  1825;  Captain,  1842.  Repre- 
sentative from  Brighton  and  Cambridge.  He  com- 
manded the  "  Mass.  Guards  "  at  Cambridge.  He  was 
born  in  Boston,  Sept.  7th,  1 798. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1822;  by  John  G.  Pal- 
fray,  Boston — Jer.  VI.  16th. 

1823. 

CAPT.  THADDEUS  B.  BIGELOW,  Cambridge ;  gradu- 
ated at  Har.  College,  1820. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  HAVILAND,  Boston,  plaisterer. 
ENSIGN  BENJAMIN  TRUE,  Boston. 


414 

ABRAHAM  WILD,  ESQ,  Boston,  lawyer ;  graduated  at 
Har.  College,  1 809  ;  oldest  son  of  Abraham,  1 788.  He 
died  suddenly,  Sept.  30th,  1 825,  aged  35. 

ENSIGN  WILLARD  PARTRIDGE,  Boston. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  P.  CARVER,  Boston,  trader ;  brother 
ofCapt.  C.  1822. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  H.  HOWARD,  Boston,  iron  founder. 
CAPT.  ELIJAH  PACKARD,  Boston,  machinist. 

CAPT.  LUTHER  PARKER,  Boston,  truckman.  Captain 
of  the  Dragoons. 

CAPT.  ALEXANDER  PARRIS,  Boston,  architect.  Cap- 
tain of  U.  S.  Artificers,  1812. 

CAPT.  EDMUND  LONGLEY,  Boston,  blacksmith  ;  died 
1832. 

LIEUT.  THOMAS  HARBACK,  JR,  Boston,  grocer. 
ENSIGN  CLARENDON  WHEELOCK,  Shrewsbury. 
ENSIGN  ISAAC  T.  DUPEE,  Boston,  apothecary. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  C.  STIMPSON,  Boston,  druggist. 
Captain  of  the  Winslow  Blues. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JOSIAH  QUINCY,  JR,  Boston,  lawyer; 
son  of  the  President  of  H.  Col. ;  graduated  at  Har. 
College,  1821  ;  Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1829.  Lieu- 
tenant of  the  B.  L.  Infantry,  and  Aid  to  Gov.  Lincoln. 
He  was  born  in  Pearl  Street,  Boston,  January  17th, 
1802,  and  President  of  the  Senate,  1842.  His  ready 
wit  and  talent  at  presiding  are  preeminent. 

ENSIGN  JAMES  SINCLAIR,  Boston,  housewright. 
COL.  SAMUEL  WARD,  Shrewsbury.; 
LIEUT.  COL.  JOHN  B.  BATES,  Plymouth,  mason. 
MAJ.  JOSEPH  W.  NEWELL,  Charlestown. 


415 

CAPT.  JAMES  HUNT,  Boston,  housewright.  Captain 
of  the  Mechanic  Riflemen  and  Winslow  Blues.  Lieu- 
tenant of  Ar.  Co.  1837. 

LIEUT.  NATHANIEL  GREENE,  Boston,  printer.  Post- 
master. 

CAPT.  SERIAH  STEVENS,  Boston,  machinist.  Captain 
of  the  Pulaski  Guards. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1823 ;  by  John  S.  J.  Gar- 
diner, D.  D.  Boston — Acts  X.  1st,  2d.  Printed. 

1824. 
CAPT.  DERASTUS  CLAPP,  Boston,  auctioneer. 

CAPT,  PARKER  H.  PIERCE,  Boston,  merchant;  Cap- 
tain of  the  Boston  Light  Infantry.  An  excellent  offi- 
cer; Adjutant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1826;  Captain,  1830; 
born  at  Little  Compton,  R.  I.  Dec.  llth,  1794.  The 
Ar.  Co.  performed  escort  under  his  command  at  the 
Second  Century  Celebration  of  Boston. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  CONVERSE,  Boston,  grocer. 
CAPT.  JOHN  T.  DINGLEY,  Boston,  hatter. 

CAPT.  STEPHEN  WILEY,  Charlestown,  stable  keeper. 
Captain  of  the  Dragoons.  Representative. 

CAPT.  EDMUND  F.  DIXEY,  Marblehead,  tailor ;  offi- 
cer of  Cavalry  in  Salem ;  removed  to  Worcester. 

CAPT.  AMOS  BRIDGES,  Holliston.  Captain  of  Light 
Infantry. 

CAPT.  NATHANIEL  L.  HOOPER,  Marblehead,  mer- 
chant. Graduated  at  Har.  College  1819.  Captain  of 
Light  Infantry. 

CAPT.  ELISHA  WINSLOW,  Boston,  merchant. 

MAJ.  WYMAN  RICHARDSON,  Woburn,  lawyer.  Grad- 
uated at  Har.  College  1804.  Died  in  1841. 


416 

LIEUT.  COL.  ABIJAH  ELLIS,  Hopkinton.  Captain  of 
a  Rifle  Company;  Lieut.  Colonel  of  militia  ;  Lieuten- 
ant of  the  Ar.  Co.  1834. 

ENSIGN  JOHN  T.  GLEASON,  Boston,  merchant, 

CAPT.  JOSIAH  WHEELWRIGHT,  Boston,  merchant.  He 
died  Nov.  19th,  1826,  aged  25,  in  consequence  of  fa- 
tigue, at  a  Division  Review  at  Dedham.  A  very  amia- 
ble young  man,  recently  married. 

ENSIGN  JOSEPH  V.  HEATH,  Boston,  shopkeeper; 
grandson  of  Gen.  Heath,  1754. 

CAPT.  CHARLES  BRACKETT,  Newton,  butcher.  Cap- 
tain of  Cavalry. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1824,  by  James  Walker, 
Charlestown— Ps.  XX.  5th. 

1825. 

CAPT.  MARTIN  WILDER,  Boston,  blacksmith.  Cap- 
tain of  Artillery  in  Watertown.  His  father,  who  had 
twenty-one  children,  lived  in  Hingham,  where  he  was 
born.  He  married  in  1 841 .  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1 830  ;  Armorer. 

COL.  WILLIAM  B.  ADAMS,  Marblehead.  Officer  in 
the  U.  S.  Army,  1812.  Collector  of  the  port  of  M. 
Captain  of  Light  Infantry ;  Lieut.  Colonel  of  the  Salem 
Regiment.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1830;  Captain 
1 83 1 .  Representative. 

CAPT.  GILLAM  B.  WHEELER,  Boston,  housewright. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  A.  BOUTELLE,  Boston,  glass-cutter.  Re- 
moved to  New  York. 

COL.  AMOS  S.  ALLEN,  JR,  Boston,  innkeeper.  Colo- 
nel of  1st  Regiment. 

CAPT.  GEORGE  PAGE,  Boston,  housewright. 


417 

Nov.  10th,  1825 — Fire  in  Court  street.  The  offices  of  Gen.  Win- 
throp,  the  Commander,  and  Z.  G.  Whitman,  Clerk,  were  burnt,  con- 
taining a  transcript  of  the  records,  with  a  corrected  roll  of  the  Ar. 
Co.  from  its  foundation,  and  a  list  of  officers  and  preachers  of  the 
annual  sermon.  The  Ar.  Co.  had  paid  Mr.  Whitman  $125  for 
transcribing  it.  Gen.  Winthrop  immediately  gave  the  Company  a 
new  folio  book.  The  old  records  in  Mr.  W.'s  office,  being  on  the 
lower  floor,  were  saved.  It  took  ten  years  to  complete  the  second 
transcript,  which  is  deposited  in  the  Athenaeum. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1825,  by  Nath'l  L.  Froth- 
ingham,  Boston— 1st  Mac.  IV.  38th,  40th.  Printed. 

1826. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  DORR,  Charlestown,  tailor. 
MAJ.  EZRA  STONE,  Cambridge,  glass-cutter. 
CAPT.  ISAAC  STONE,  Watertown,  yeoman. 
ENSIGN  EDWARD  DANA,  Watertown,  trader. 

MAJ.  GEORGE  W.  ADAMS,  Boston,  lawyer ;  oldest  son 
of  President  J.  Q.  Adams.  Graduated  at  Har.  College 
1821.  Successor  of  Capt.  Huggeford,  in  the  City 
Guards ;  Brig.  Major.  He  was  drowned  on  his  pas- 
sage to  New  York,  near  Hurl-Gate. 

LIEUT.  JAMES  HENRY,  Boston,  housewright. 
LIEUT.  RICHARD  W.  HIXON,  Dorchester, 
CAPT.  DAVID  DALEY,  Cambridge. 

MAJ.  NAPOLEON  BONAPARTE  MOUNTFORT,  Boston, 
trader.  Removed  to  New  York  city. 

CAPT.  DANIEL  TISDALE,  Boston. 

ENSIGN  CALVIN  TAYLOR,  Boston,  innkeeper. 

MAJ.  WILLIAM  C.  TYLER,  Boston,  merchant ;  brother 
and  Brigade  Major  of  Gen.  Tyler. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1826,  by  Francis  W.  P. 
Greenwood,  Boston — Isaiah  XLI.  22d.  Printed^ 

53 


418 


1827. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  LINGHAM,  Roxbury,  miller. 
COL.  ABRAHAM  BIGELOW,  Natick,  yeoman. 

COL.  NATHAN  ADAMS,  Hopkinton,  yeoman  ;  succeed- 
ed Col.  Bigelovv  in  the  militia. 

MAJ.  SAMUEL  LYNES,  Boston,  housewright.  Captain 
of  the  Washington  Artillery  ;  Major  of  the  Battalion. 

MAJ.  JONATHAN  AMORY,  JR,  Boston,  (now  N.  York,) 
merchant.  Major  of  the  Independent  Cadets ;  Lieu- 
tenant of  the  Ar.  Co.  1829. 

CAPT.  OTIS  DRURY,  Natick  ;  merchant,  Boston. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  SIMPSON,  Boston,  broker ;  born  at 
Portsmouth,  N.  H. 

CALEB  STRONG  WHITMAN,  Boston,  physician  ;  M.  D. 
at  Har.  College,  1831  ;  brother  of  Z.  G.  W.  1810. 

MAJ.  GEN.  SAMUEL  CHANDLER,  Lexington,  innkeeper. 
An  officer  in  the  U.  S.  Army,  1812.  Colonel  of  militia ; 
Lieutenant  of  Ar.  Co.  1828;  Brig.  General  Dec.  12th, 
1834,  and  Major  General  of  the  Middlesex  Division, 
Feb.  13th,  1835.  Captain  of  Ar.  Co.  1836.  Senator 
of  Middlesex,  and  is  now  Sheriff.  Amiable  in  dispo- 
sition, noble  in  appearance,  upright  and  deliberate. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1827,  by  John  Brazer, 
Salem— Ps.  CXXV11.  1st. 

1828. 

JOHN  MARSHALL  WARD,  Boston,  merchant ;  son  of 
Chief  Justice  Ward. 

MAJ.  DAVID  LEE  CHILD,  Boston,  lawyer.  Sub-mas- 
ter of  Latin  School.  Graduated  at  Har.  College  1817. 
An  officer  in  the  Spanish  Patriot  service,  South  Amer- 
ica. On  his  return  he  commanded  the  Fusilliers,  and 


419 

was  Brigade  Major.  Representative ;  Editor  of  a  news- 
paper, and  now  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  beet 
sugar,  in  the  interior. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  CARLTON,  Boston,  tinman. 
ENSIGN  LUTHER  B.  WYMAN,  Boston. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  TILESTONE,  Cambridge,  stable  keep- 
er. Captain  of  Light  Infantry. 

CAPT.  JOSIAH  DUNHAM,  JR,  Boston,  rope  maker.. 
First  Captain  of  the  Pulaski  Guards,  1836. 

CAPT.  LOWELL  PRATT,  Boston,  iron  founder. 
LIEUT.  FRANCIS  H.  P.  HOMER,  Boston,  trader. 
THOMAS  J.  LELAND,  Boston,  butcher. 
CAPT.  WILLIAM  HAYDEN,  Boston,  painter. 
CAPT.  JOHN  DAY,  Boston,  silversmith. 
CAPT.  HENRY  F.  ALEXANDER,  Boston. 

LIEUT.  EBENEZER  N.  STRATTON,  Boston ;  son  of 
Capt.  S.  1811. 

CAPT.  JONAS  DAVIS,  Roxbury. 

COL.  WILLIAM  H.  SPOONER,  Roxbury,  shopkeeper ; 
grandson  of  Gen.  William  Heath,  1754.  Colonel  of 
militia;  Adjutant  of  Ar.  Co.  1829.  He  commanded 
the  highly  disciplined  "Norfolk  Guards,"  1841.  Rep- 
resentative. 

LIEUT.  JOSEPH  MERRIAM,  JR,  Lexington,  trader. 

MAJ.  GEN.  AARON  CAPEN,  Dorchester,  yeoman  ;  suc- 
ceeded Gen.  Crane.  Removed  to  Gardiner,  Maine. 

BRIG.  GEN.  THOMAS  TAYLOR,  Quincy,  yeoman.  Brig. 
General  of  1st  Brigade,  1st  Division.  Representative; 
Deputy  Sheriff. 

LIEUT.  COL.  BENJAMIN  L.  SAUNDERSON,  West  Cam- 
bridge, yeoman.  Lieut.  Colonel  of  militia. 


420 

COL.  ARTEMAS  DRYDEN,  JR,  Holden,  machinist. 
CAPT.  BILLINGS  SMITH,  Cambridge,  grocer. 
LIEUT.  ARAB  BAYLEY,  Watertown,  cordwainer. 

LIEUT.  COL.  AMOS  H.  LIVERMORE,  Watertown,  yeo- 
man. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  D.  LOWNES,  Roxbury,  machinist. 

LIEUT.  HENRY  J.  BAXTER,  Lowell,  tailor. 

COL.  AMASA  G.  SMITH,  Boston,  housewright,  after- 
wards merchant.  Colonel  of  the  2d  Regiment ;  Lieu- 
tenant of  Ar.  Co.  1831,  and  commander  1837.  He  was 
born  at  Barre,  Mass.  March  13th,  1801.  He  first  com- 
manded the  Light  Infantry  Regiment  of  Boston,  and 
was  a  soldier  of  high  reputation,  and  a  man  of  the  kind- 
est disposition. 

LIEUT.  COL.  DANIEL  D.  BROADHEAD,  Boston,  mer- 
chant. 

COL.  THOMAS  LIVERMORE,  Watertown,  yeoman; 
brother  of  Lieut.  Col.  Amos.  He  commanded  a  regi- 
ment of  Artillery.  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1834.  A 
church  member. 

MAJ.  WILLIAM  FOSTER  OTIS,  Boston,  lawyer;  broth- 
er of  Lieut.  Col.  H.  G.  Otis,  jr,  1821.  He  graduated 
at  Har.  Col.  1821.  Judge  Advocate;  Representative. 

BRIG.  GEN.  THOMAS  DAVIS,  Boston,  merchant.  Colo- 
nel of  the  1st  Regiment;  Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1831;  Captain  1835;  Brig.  General  1834.  He  was 
born  at  Holden,  Mass.  June  2d,  1796.  His  father, 
Thomas  D.  was  a  revolutionary  soldier.  He  was  the 
founder  and  first  Captain  of  the  National  Lancers, 
founded  in  June,  1837. 

BRIG.  GEN.  ABIJAH  THOMPSON,  Woburn.  Colonel  of 
Artillery. 


421 

CAPT.  CEPHAS  HOUGHTON,  Waltham,  wheelwright. 
Captain  of  Light  Infantry.  He  removed  to  Warner, 
N.  H.  and  became  a  wealthy  and  scientific  farmer. 

CAPT.  URIAH  B.  STEARNS,  Waltham,  yeoman. 
CAPT.  JEFFERSON  DODGE,  Waltham,  blacksmith. 
CAPT.  ROBERT  M.  BALDWIN,  Waltham,  yeoman. 
LIEUT.  CONVERS  SMITH,  Waltham,  yeoman. 
LIEUT.  GEORGE  W.  DANIELS,  Waltham,  blacksmith. 
NATHANIEL  SHERMAN,  Boston,  housewright. 

CAPT.  FRANCIS  BRINLEY,  JR,  Boston,  lawyer.  Grad- 
uated at  Har.  Col.  1818.  He  commanded  the  "Rifle 
Rangers."  Removed  to  Bangor  and  Providence. 

MAJ.  FRANCIS  HOLDEN,  Boston,  grocer. 

COL.  MARSHALL  P.  WILDER,  Boston,  merchant. 
Colonel  of  a  Regiment  in  New  Hampshire.  A  distin- 
guished horticulturalist. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1828  ;  by  John  Pierpont, 
Boston — 1st  Cor.  IX.  7th,  1st  clause.  Printed. 

1829. 

GEORGE  H.  WHITMAN,  Boston,  lawyer ;  brother  of 
Lieut.  Z.  G.  1810;  graduated  at  Har.  College,  1827. 
His  baptismal  name  was  John  Winslow.  Clerk  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  from  1833  to  1842.  Born  at  Boston,  Feb.  10, 
1808.  Author  of  a  Prize  Essay  on  a  Congress  of  Na- 
tions to  settle  international  disputes  without  war, 

LIEUT.  SUMNER  CROSBY,  Boston,  tailor. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  EATON,  Boston,  stereotyper.  Adjutant 
of  Ar.  Co.  1831. 

CAPT.  SAMUEL  S.  PERKINS,  Boston,  housewright. 

JAMES  W.  CONVERSE,  Boston,  merchant ;  brother  of 
Capt.  Converse,  1824. 


422 

COL.  JOHN  P.  BIGELOW,  Boston,  lawyer;  son  of 
Hon.  Timothy  Bigelow  of  Groton.  He  graduated  at 
Harvard  College,  1815.  Division  Inspector.  Repre- 
sentative seven  years.  Secretary  of  Massachusetts. 
He  commanded  the  Medford  Ind.  L.  Infantry. 

LIEUT.  JOSIAH  S.  CLARK,  Watertown. 
LIEUT.  ISAAC  P.  CLARK,  Watertown. 
LIEUT.  JOSEPH  LOPEZ,  Cambridge. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JOHN  P.  CLAPP,  Dorchester,  lawyer ; 
a  descendant  of  Capt.  Roger,  1 646. 

COL.  JOSEPH  B.  TOWLE,  Roxbury. 

COL.  JAMES  JACQUES,  yeoman ;  Representative  from 
Wilmington. 

LIEUT.  EDMUND  PARKER,  JR,  Woburn. 
CAPT.  JOHN  C.  MANN,  Boston,  iron  founder. 

BRIG.  GEN.  PRENTICE  SABIN,  Putney,  Vermont,  yeo- 
man ;  Representative  in  the  Vermont  Legislature,  and 
sustained  several  municipal  offices.  He  was  a  man  of 
enterprise,  and  attended  the  Brighton  market  with  val- 
uable droves  of  cattle  and  horses,  and  had  accumulated 
property,  but  became  deranged  and  poor. 

LIEUT.  EPHRAIM  B.  PATCH,  Woburn. 

CAPT.  LYMAN  GOODNOW,  Boston,  paver  ;  died  Nov. 
13th,  1839,  much  respected  and  lamented.* 

MAJ.  AARON  DAVIS  CAPEN,  Dorchester,  schoolmas- 
ter; nephew  and  Aid  to  Gen.  Capen,  1828.  He  grad- 
uated at  Har.  College,  1827.  He  obtained  medals  for 
manufacturing  wine  from  native  grape,  at  Mechanics' 
Fair,  Boston,  1840-1.  Born  Dec.  5th,  1805. 

LIEUT.  JONES   EASTABROOKS,  Brighton,  innkeeper. 

*  Vide  Dr.  Sharp's  valuable  Artillery  Sermon,  1840. 


423 

CAPT.  DANIEL  F.  HUNTING,  Boston,  truckman.  Cap- 
tain of  the  Dragoons. 

LIEUT.  COL.  PETER  DUNBAR,  Boston,  truckman. 
Born  at  Easton,  1801.  Lieut.  Colonel  of  the  1st  Reg- 
iment. Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1833,  and  com- 
mands the  Lancers,  1840 — obtained  the  cannon  medal, 
1841. 

LIEUT.  HIRAM  HARRIS,  Boston. 

CAPT.  EDWARD  CODMAN,  Boston,  grocer.  Captain 
of  the  Boston  Light  Infantry. 

CAPT.  RUSSELL  STURGIS,  Boston,  merchant,  grand- 
son of  Lieutenant  Russell,  1786;  educated  a  lawyer. 
His  name  was  originally  Nathaniel.  Adjutant  of  the 
Ar.  Co.  1830. 

CAPT.  JOHN  C.  PARK,  Boston,  lawyer;  graduated 
at  Har.  College,  1824;  Clerk  of  the  Ar.  Co.  He 
commanded  the  City  Guards.  Representative. 

ENSIGN  HENRY  HUMPHREYS,  Dorchester. 
CAPT.  GEORGE  W.  CRAM,  Boston,  housewright. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1829;  by  Bernard  Whit- 
man, Waltham — 1st  Cor.  X.  15th.  Printed. 

1830. 
COL.  FREDERICK  W.  LINCOLN,  Canton,  iron  founder. 

BRIG.  GEN.  LUCAS  POND,  Wrentham.  Brigadier 
General  of  the  2d  Brigade,  1st  Division.  Representa- 
tive. 

BRIG.  GEN.  PRESTON  POND,  Wrentham,  brother  of 
preceding.  Representative. 

MAJ.  JOSEPH  W.  LYON,  Needham. 

CAPT.  WARREN  GLOVER,  Dorchester. 

BRIG.   GEN.  SAMUEL  AVERY,  Marblehead,  printer; 


424 

Major  of  Artillery.       Brig.  General  1st  Brigade,  2d 
Division,  1837. 

LIEUT.  COL.  ROBERT  C.  WINTHROP,  Boston,  lawyer, 
brother  of  Gen.  J.  T.  Winthrop ;  graduated  at  Har. 
College,  1828.  He  commanded  the  Boston  Light  In- 
fantry. Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1833.  Representa- 
tive five  years,  and  Speaker  of  the  House  1 838-9.  Aid 
to  Gov.  Everett  in  1836,  and  chosen  member  of  Con- 
gress, 1841. 

RUFUS  F.  BROOKS,  Boston,  tailor. 

CAPT.  IRA  GIBBS,  Boston,  wood-wharfinger. 

MAJ.  JOEL  POWERS,  Boston. 

JOSEPH  W.  J.  NILES,  Boston,  shopkeeper. 

CAPT.  ISAAC  COOK,  JR,  Boston,  brewer ;  died 
1831-2. 

CAPT.  HENRY  W.  KINSMAN,  Boston,  lawyer ;  grad- 
uated at  Dart.  College,  1822.  Captain  of  the  City 
Guards.  Representative  five  years — removed  to  New- 
buryport.  Senator,  1841.  Collector  of  the  Port  of  N. 

COL.  EBENEZER  W.  STONE,  Roxbury,  merchant 
tailor  in  Boston ;  Adjutant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1832  ;  Lieu- 
tenant, 1 837  ;  Division  Inspector.  Born  in  Boston, 
June  10th,  1801.  Captain  of  Ar.  Co.  1841.  Repre- 
sentative from  R.  1839.  A  skilful  officer  and  very 
amiable  man. 

MAJ.  CHARLES  D.  FIELD,  Roxbury.  Lieutenant  of 
the  Ar.  Co.  1832;  removed  to  New  York. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JONATHAN  CHAPMAN,  JR,  Boston,  law- 
yer ;  graduated  a  distinguished  scholar  at  Har.  College, 
1825.  Captain  of  the  Rifle  Rangers.  Aid  to  Gov. 
Everett ;  Mayor  of  Boston. 

ENSIGN  MILTON  HOLDEN,  Boston,  grocer,  brother  of 
Major  Holden,  1828. 


425 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  LEONARD,  Boston,  jeweller.  Captain 
of  the  Dragoons. 

CAPT.  STEPHEN  TITCOMB,  Boston. 

CAPT.  GILES  T.  CROCKETT,  Boston,  trader. 

.CAPT.  EDWARD  BLAKE,  Boston,  lawyer;  graduated 
at  Har.  College,  1824.  Captain  of  Boston  Light  In- 
fantry. President  of  the  City  Council. 

COL.  SETH  J.  THOMAS,  Boston,  hatter.  Colonel  of 
3d  Regiment.  Representative  from  Charlestown,  1842. 

MAJ.  JUDAH  ALDEN,  Duxbury,  yeoman.  An  officer 
in  the  Revolution.  Admitted  an  Honorary  Member. 

STEPHEN  DINSMORE,  Boston. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  GOODWIN,  Boston.  Captain  of  the 
Washington  Artillery. 

MAJ.  TRUMAN  R.  HURLBURT,  Boston. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1 830 ;  by  Caleb  Stetson, 
Medford— Rom.  XIII.  7th.  Printed. 

1831. 

COL.  EDWARD  GORDON  PRESCOTT,  Boston,  lawyer ; 
son  of  Hon.  William  Prescott ;  graduated  at  Har.  Col- 
lege in  1 825.  Colonel  of  the  2d  Regiment ;  Captain 
of  the  Ar.  Co.  1833.  He  was  born  at  Salem,  January 
1st,  1804,  became  an  Episcopal  Clergyman,  and  set- 
tled in  New  Jersey. 

LIEOT.  WILLIAM  TEWKSBURY,  Boston. 

MAJ.  BENJAMIN  H.  NORTON,  Boston,  printer ;  Major 
of  1st  Regiment. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JOSHUA  SEWARD,  Boston,  clockmaker. 

LIEUT.  COL.  IVERS  J.  AUSTIN,  Boston,  lawyer ;  son 
of  Hon.  J.  T.  Austin.  Lieut.  Colonel  of  2d  Regiment. 
Judge  Advocate. 


51 


426 

MAJ.  JOB  TABER,  Boston,  housewright ;  officer  of  the 
Fusilliers  ;  Major  of  Regiment  of  Light  Infantry  ;  after- 
wards merchant.  Lieutenant  of  Ar.  Co.  1838.  Born 
in  Vassalboro',  Maine,  Jan.  1801. 

LIEUT.  WARREN  WILD>  Boston^  broker. 

COL.  ABRAHAM  B.  PRITCHARD,  Charlestown,  leather- 
dresser.  Adjutant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1836.  Colonel  of 
Light  Infantry ;  removed  to  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JAMES   DEWIRE,  Boston,  housewright. 

COL.  BELA  GREENWOOD,  Brighton,  yeoman.  Cap- 
tain of  the  Watertown  Artillery ;  Colonel  of  Artillery. 
Church  member. 

COL.  OLIVER  W.  PRESTON,  Charlestown. 
LIEUT.  CHARLES  K.  WHITNEY,  Boston,  fruiterer. 
LIEUT.  JOHN  F.  EDWARDS,  Boston,  housewright. 
ENSIGN  WILLIAM  H.  CHAMBERLAIN,  Boston,  butcher. 
COL.  JOHN  L.  WHITE,  Boston,  innholder. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1831 ;  by  Samuel  Barrett, 
Boston— Ps1.  II.  llth.  Printed. 

1832. 

CAPT.  BENJAMIN  BROWN,  Marblehead. 
EPHRAIM  P.  WHITMAN,  Boston,  merchant. 
GEORGE  W.  LOWELL,  Boston,  housewright. 

LIEUT.  COL.  HORACE  BACON,  Cambridge.  Lieut. 
Colonel  of  Artillery,  Boston.  Postmaster  at  Roxbury. 

MAJ.  CHARLES  SAUNDERSON,  Charlestown.  Consta- 
ble. Lieutenant  of  Ar.  Co.  1840.  Obtained  the  best 
musket  shot  medal,  1841. 

MAJ.  GEN.  EDWARD  W.  BRADLEY,  Boston,  merchant. 


427 

MAJ.  JOHN  HOPPIN,  Boston,  wood-wharfinger.  Ma- 
jor of  Artillery, 

MAJ.  JOHN  H.  EASTBURN,  Boston,  City  Printer.  Aid 
to  Gen.  Tyler.  He  was  original  proprietor  of  the 
"  Atlas,"  and  publisher  of  this  edition  of  the  History. 

CAPT.  JOSEPH  C,  BROADHEAD,  Boston,  merchant 
Brigade  Q.  M. 

CAPT.  JOHN  Y.  CHAMPNEY,  Boston,  housewright. 
Captain  of  Fusilliers.  Died  April  20th,  1836,  aged  27. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  S.  COOK. 

CAPT.  JOHN  D.  HATNES,  Brighton. 

CAPT.  JOHN  DAVIS,  Newton,  innkeeper. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  R.  STACEY,  Boston,  cabinet-maker, 

LIEUT.  WALTER  W.  UPHAM,  Boston. 

LIEUT.  JAMES.  H.  FOSTER,  JR,  Boston,  merchant. 

MAJ.  JOHN  M.  ROBERTSON,  Charlestown,  shipwright. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  O.  BRACKETT,  Charlestown.  Officer 
of  Traders'  Bank,  Boston, — one  of  the  most  invincible 
friends  of  the  Ar.  Co.  of  modern  times. 

LIEUT.  ENOCH  PERKINS,  Watertown. 

ENSIGN  WARREN  DAVIS,  Boston,  trader ;  brother  of 
Gen.  T.  Davis,  1828. 

CAPT.  LEVERETT  R.  BRADLEY,  Boston. 
LIEUT.  COL.  CHARLES  WARREN,  Brighton. 

CAPT.  NATHANIEL  P.  SNELLING,  Boston,  tailor.  Sec- 
ond Captain  of  Mechanic  Riflemen.  Died  May,  1841, 
aged  33. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  J.  LORING,  Boston,  merchant.  Adju- 
tant of  Beverly  Regiment.  Clerk  of  the  Ar.  Co. 

MAJ.  LEVI  LINCOLN,  Worcester,  lawyer;  son  of  Hon. 


428 

Levi,  Lieut.  Governor  of  Massachusetts.  He  graduat- 
ed at  Har.  College  1802,  and  practised  law  in  Worces- 
ter. Representative  1817;  Speaker  of  the  House; 
Lieut.  Governor  of  Massachusetts  1823,  and  durino-the 

7  O 

year  appointed  Judge  of  the  S.  J.  Court.  In  1 825  he 
was  chosen  Governor.  Judge  Advocate.  He  was  a 
firm  friend  of  the  militia.  He  received  the  degree  of 
L.  L.  D.  at  Harvard,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Am. 
Acad.  of  Arts  and  Sciences.  A  Delegate  at  the  Con- 
vention of  1820.  Representative  in  Congress  till  April, 
1841,  when  he  was  appointed  Collector  of  Boston. 

LIEUT.  HENRY  BAILEY,  Boston,  hatter. 
CAPT.  GILMAN  HOOK,  Dorchester. 
COL.  JOSEPH  PORTER,  Dorchester,  (Milton.) 
ENSIGN  JOHN  A.  BARNACOAT,  Charlestown. 
ENSIGN  SIMON  H.  BARRETT,  Maiden. 
ENSIGN  GEORGE  W.  SMITH,  Boston,  grocer. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1832 ;  by  Charles  W.  Up- 
ham,  Salem— Ps.  CVII.  7th.  Printed. 

1833. 

COL.  WILLIAM  B.  PARKER,  Needham. 
COL.  JOHN  W.  LYON,  Needham. 
MAJ.  EBENEZER  W.  CALEF,  Boston,  shopkeeper. 

COL.  EDWARD  BROWN,  JR,  lumber  merchant,  Cam- 
bridge. 

MAJ.  SAMUEL  KNOWER,  Roxbury,  trader.  Brigade 
Q.  M. ;  Lieutenant  Ar.  Co.  1835.  Removed  to  New 
York. 

CAPT.  WTILLIAM  WYMAN,  Lowell.     Representative. 

CAPT.  THOMAS  C.  HOLLIS,  Boston.  First  Captain 
of  Mechanic  Riflemen. 


429 

CAPT.  ROBERT  T.  ALDEN,  Boston,  sailmaker. 
BENJAMIN  F.  EDMANDS,  Boston,  bookseller. 
LIEUT.  JOHN  E.  HUNT,  Boston,  innkeeper. 

COL.  CHARLES  A.  MACOMBER,  Boston,  merchant. 
Adjutant  of  Ar.  Co.  1835,  and  Captain  1839.  He  was 
born  at  Easton,  Mass.  June  24th,  1807.  Commanded 
the  "City  Guards,"  and  the  same  corps  again  under  the 
name  "  City  Greys."  Chosen  Colonel  of  Boston  In- 
fantry Regiment,  1841.  A  very  accomplished  soldier. 
The  Guards,  or  Greys,  were  long  the  best  disciplined 
corps  in  Boston. 

COL.  FRANCIS  R.  BIGELOW,  Boston,  merchant ;  broth- 
er of  CoL  J.  P.  Bigelow,  1829.  Adjutant  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1834;  Lieutenant  1836.  Colonel  2d  Regiment,  1836. 

CAPT.  RICHARD  S.  FAY,  Boston,  lawyer  ;  son  of  Col. 
S.  P.  P.  Fay,  of  Cambridge.  He  graduated  at  Har- 
vard College  1825. 

BRIG.  GEN.  GRENVILLE  T.  WINTHROP,  Boston,  law- 
yer. Graduated  at  Columbia  College  1827.  He  com- 
manded the  Independent  Cadets  and  Fusilliers.  Rep- 
resentative from  Boston  1834.  Captain  of  the  Ar.  Co. 
1834.  Representative  from  Watertown  1840.  Twice 
chosen  Brig.  General.  A  gentleman  of  great  liberality, 
and  kind,  social  manners. 

ENSIGN  DAVID  DAVIS,  Boston,  broker. 

CAPT.  DAVID  Low,  Boston,  saddler.     Died,   1840. 

COL.  JAMES  EASTABROOKS,  Boston  and  Worcester. 

ENSIGN  THOMAS  DWIGHT,  Boston,  lawyer;  gradu- 
ated at  Harvard  College,  1827.  Born  at  Springfield, 
Sept.  27th,  1807. 

ENSIGN  GIDEON  KEITH,  BOSTON. 

LIEUT.    ISAAC    CARY,   Boston,    bank-note    printer. 


430 

Lieutenant  of  Ar.  Co.  1839.     Born  in  Hon.  J.  Quincy's 
mansion,  Quincy,  June  25th,  1802. 

CAPT.  WILLIAM  S.  BAXTER,  Boston,  commanded 
the  "  Montgomery  Guards  ;"  disbanded  by  Gov.  Ever- 
ett. Armorer. 

LIEUT.  STEPHEN  RHOADES,  Boston,  hatter. 
LIEUT.  COL.  EDWARD  F.  HALL,  Boston,  auctioneer. 
PATRICK  FLETCHER  BRADLEE,  Boston,  gauger. 
MAJ.  ALBERT  McKiNDRY,  Dorchester. 
CAPT.  ELIPHALET  GLIDDEN,  Chelsea. 

CAPT.    JOSEPH    SANGER,   Watertown.      Captain   of- 
Artillery. 

At  the  Anniversary,  June  3d,  1833,  the  Ar.  Co.  voted 
$200  from  their  fund  towards  the  erection  and  comple- 
tion of  the  Bunker  Hill  Monument. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1 833  ;  by  James  Thomp- 
son, Salem— Sam.  IV.  22d. 

1834. 

CAPT.  EZRA  WESTON,  JR,  Boston,  lawyer ;  gradu- 
ated at  H.  Col.  1829.  City  Marshal. 

SAMUEL  K.  BAYLEY,  Boston,  auctioneer. 

MAJ.  SAMUEL  H.  MANN,  Lowell,  lawyer.  Judge 
Advocate.  Died  1839. 

CAPT.  SILAS  JOHNSON,  Boston,  trader. 

CAPT.  JOHN  PEASLEY,  Boston. 

CAPT.  OLIVER  DYER,  Boston,  trader. 

LEVI  WHITNEY,  Boston,  grocer. 

COL.  WILLIAM  R.  HUDSON,  Boston,  iron  founder. 

LIEUT.  COL.  REUBEN  LOVEJOY,  Boston,  stabler. 


431 

STUDSON  LEACH,  Boston,  housewright. 
ENSIGN  JAMES  B.  NASON,  Boston,  trader. 
LIEUT.  THOMAS  MOULTON,  Boston,  bricklayer. 
LIEUT.  CHARLES  TRULL,  Boston,  distiller. 
WILLIAM  SOUTHER,  Boston,  bookbinder. 
ALEXANDER  MCGREGOR,  Boston,  innkeeper. 
TIMOTHY  S.  NICHOLS,  Boston,  painter. 

MAJ.  GEORGE  F.  R.  WADLEIGH,  Boston,  trader. 
Brigade  Q.  M. 

ENSIGN  AMOS  C.  MANN,  Boston. 

MAJ.  CHARLES  GUSHING  PAINE,  Boston,  lawyer ; 
graduated  at  H.  Col.  1827.  Major  of  Light  Infantry 
Regiment.  Commander  of  Rifle  Rangers. 

HENRY  DAVIS,  Boston.     Born  April,  1803. 
JOSIAH  W.  ALEXANDER,  Boston,  housewright. 
DAVID  H.  KANE,  Boston,  broker. 
LIEUT.  SAMUEL  F.  BARTOLL,  Boston,  painter. 
ENSIGN  MATTHIAS  M.  MOORE,  Boston,  painter. 
LIEUT.  FRANCIS  ALLEN,  Boston,  housewright. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1834;  by  Frederick  H. 
Hedge,  West  Cambridge — Rom.  VIII.  19th.  Printed. 

1835. 
CAPT.  JONAS  PARKER,   Dedham,  painter. 

MAJ.  WILLIAM  B.  PERKINS,  Boston,  merchant;  suc- 
ceeded Maj.  Hoppin  as  Major  of  Battalion ;  Adjutant 
of  Ar.  Co.  1841.  Born  in  Bristol,  Maine,  Sept.  28th, 
1812. 

CAPT.  CHARLES  S.  LAMBERT,  Boston,  sailmaker. 
First  Captain  of  the  Highland  Guards.  Adjutant  of  Ar. 
Co.  1842. 


432 

CAPT.  CALVIN  S.  RUSSELL,  Boston,  printer. 

LIEUT.  COL.  NEWELL  A.  THOMPSON,  Boston,  law- 
yer; Adjutant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1838,  Lieutenant,  1841. 
Born  in  Uxbridge,  Dec.  20th,  1808.  Lieut.  Colonel 
of  Light  Infantry  Regiment. 

BRIG.  GEN.  AURORA  W.  OLDHAM,  Pembroke,  yeo- 
man. Brig.  General  1st  Brigade,  5th  Division.  Lieu- 
tenant of  Ar.  Co.  1836. 

GEORGE  F.  GWINN,  Boston,  barber;  formerly  of 
Salem. 

JESSE  F.  JENNINGS,  Boston,  innkeeper.     Died  1836. 

JOHN  GREEN,  JR,  Boston,  painter ;  Representative. 
Born  in  Boston,  Dec.  3d,  1789.  Twice  Captain  of 
the  "  Soul  of  Soldiery,"  an  association  of  non-com- 
missioned officers,  formed  in  1805. 

DAVID  S.  PAIGE,  Boston. 

LIEUT.  NATHANIEL  TUFTS,  Maiden,  tinman. 

LIEUT.  PORTER  CROSBY,  Boston. 

LIEUT.  THACHER  BEAL,  Boston,  mason. 

LIEUT.  ROBERT  H.  CLOUSTON,  Boston ;  housewright. 

CAPT.  SELDEN  CROCKETT,  Boston. 

ENSIGN  WILLIAM  E.  EVANS,   Boston,  watchmaker. 

CAPT.  ELIJAH  DOE,  Boston,  stable  keeper.  Captain 
of  Boston  Artillery. 

MAJ.  CHENERY  ABBOTT,  Holden. 

MAJ.  JOSEPH  HARRINGTON,  JR,  Roxbury,  teacher; 
graduated  at  Har.  College,  1833.  Aid  to  Gen.  Brad- 
ley ;  afterwards  Clergyman  at  Chicago,  111. 

COL.  FISHER  A.  KINGSBURY,  Weymouth,  lawyer. 
LIEUT.  ZIBA  B.  PORTER,  Brighton,  innkeeper. 


433 

ENSIGN  STEPHEN  O.  COPELAND,  E.  Bridgewater, 
yeoman. 

CAPT.  REUBEN  MOORE,  Concord. 

COL.  JOSHUA  GOULD,  Boston.  Colonel  of  3d  Regi- 
ment. 

LIEUT.  WILLIAM  C.  CHRISTIE,  Charlestown. 

BRIG.  GEN.  EBENEZER  L.  BARNARD,  Worcester. 
Brig.  General  1st  Brigade,  6th  Division.  Representa- 
tive. 

LIEUT.  COL.  GEORGE  W.  RICHARDSON,  Worcester, 
lawyer;  graduated  at  H.  Col.  1829.  Aid  to  Gov. 
Davis. 

MAJ.  EDWIN  CONANT,  Worcester,  lawyer ;  graduated 
at  H.  Col.  1829.  Brigade  Major. 

CAPT.  EDWARD  LAMB,  Worcester ;  druggist,  Boston. 

LIEUT.  COL.  WILLIAM  S.  LINCOLN,  Worcester,  law- 
yer; son  of  Gov.  Lincoln.  Lieut.  Colonel  of  Light 
Infantry.  Removed  to  Alton,  Illinois,  1839. 

MAJ.  GEN.  AARON  S.  GIBBS,  West  Boylston.  Maj. 
General  6th  Division,  1838. 

LIEUT.  COL.  ANDREW  L.  MCFARLAND,  Worcester, 
lawyer.  Aid  to  Gov.  Davis;  died  June  25th,  1836. 

WILLIAM  ALLINE,  Boston ;  officer  of  the  Customs. 
LIEUT.  HENRY  W.  RIDGEWAY,  Boston,  merchant. 

LIEUT.  CHARLES  W.  CUMMINGS,  Boston,  black- 
smith. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1835 ;  by  John  G.  Pal- 
frey, D.  D.  Professor  in  Har.  College— Rev.  III.  2d. 
Printed. 


434 


1836. 
MAJ.  MELZAR  SAMPSON,  shipwright,  Medford. 

COL.  WILLIAM  MITCHELL,  Boston,  trader.  Colonel 
of  1st  Regiment.  Lieutenant  of  Ar.  Co.  1839.  Major 
of  Light  Infantry  Regiment. 

CAPT.  WRIGHT  S.  KEYES,  Boston,  grocer. 
LIEUT.  JOHN  P.  CALDWELL,  Boston,  apothecary. 
CAPT.  WILLIAM  G.  FULLICK,  Boston,  painter. 

LIEUT.  COL.  JOHN  W.  BOYD,  Boston,  merchant. 
Lieut.  Colonel  of  2d  Regiment. 

ENSIGN  LEVI  HAWKES,  JR,  Cambridgeport,  tinman ; 
relative  of  Capt.  Ezra,  ante. 

MAJ.  EDWARD  ANTILL  TAPPAN,  Boston,  merchant. 
Aid  to  Gen.  Amee.  Brigade  Major.  Major  of  Light 
Infantry  Regiment. 

LIEUT.  JONATHAN  PIERCE,  Boston,  pump  and  block 
maker. 

LIEUT.  SETH  E.  BENSON,  Boston,  merchant. 
CAPT.  JOHN  GORDON,  Boston,  victualler. 

CAPT.  ANDREW  CHASE,  JR,  Roxbury,  housewright. 
Captain  of  Roxbury  Artillery. 

ENSIGN  WILLIAM  C.   BARRETT,  Maiden,  silk  dyer. 
LIEUT.  AUGUSTUS  L.  BARRETT,  Maiden,  silk  dyer. 

MAJ.  SAMUEL  A.  ALLEN,  Boston,  trader.  Brigade 
Major.  Adjutant  of  Ar.  Co.  1839.  Author  of  the 
humorous  and  spirited  circular  in  behalf  of  the  Lan- 
cers, occasioned  by  the  riot  in  1 842. 

MAJ.  GEN.  JAMES  D.  THOMPSON,  New  Bedford, 
merchant.  Representative. 

LIEUT*  COL.  JAMES  H.  COLLINS,  New  Bedford. 


435 

LIEUT.  RICHARD  N.  BERRY,  Boston,  merchant. 
THEODORE  WASHBURN,  Boston,  housewright. 
ENSIGN  WILLIAM  P.  BROWN,  Boston,  housewright. 

HON.  EDWARD  EVERETT,  Boston.  Graduated  at  Har. 
College  1811  ;  Tutor.  Ordained  at  Brattle  st.  Church 
Feb.  9th,  1814;  dismissed  March  5th,  1815.  Professor 
of  Greek  Literature,  Har.  College.  Member  of  Con- 
gress eight  years.  Governor  of  Massachusetts.  Hon- 
orary member  of  Ar.  Co.  Minister  to  England. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1838;  by  Chandler  Rob- 
bins,  Boston — Luke  III.  14th.  Printed. 

1837. 

CAPT.  STEPHEN  STIMPSON,  Maiden,  trader.  He  ob- 
tained the  rnusket  shot  medal,  1840.  Captain  of  the 
Maiden  Light  Infantry. 

LIEUT.  GEORGE  KIMBALL,  Boston,  soapstone  manu- 
facturer. 

MAJ.  ROBERT  COWDIN,  Boston,  lumber  merchant 
He  was  born  Sept.  18th,  1806  at  Jamaica,  Vt.  Lieu- 
tenant of  Ar.  Co.  1841. 

NOAH  BUTTS,  Charlestown. 
ERASTUS  COLEMAN,  Boston,  innkeeper. 
ABEL  CUSHING,  JR,  Boston,  merchant. 
COL.  JOSEPH  HOLBROOK,  Boston. 

COL.  HENRY  K.  OLIVER,  Salem,  teacher.  Colonel  of 
Salem  Regiment.  Lieutenant  of  Ar.  Co.  1838. 

MAJ.  GEN.  WILLIAM  H.  MOSELEY,  Northampton. 
SAMUEL  HATCH,  Boston,  auctioneer. 
MAJ.  SAMUEL  ABBOT  LAWRENCE,  Boston,  merchant. 
MAJ.  CHARLES  J.  F.  ALLEN,  Boston,  appraiser. 


436 

MAJ.  J.  DANA  ADAMS,  Boston,  clerk.  Died  at  the 
West,  1840-1. 

LIEUT.  JOSEPH  SMITH,  Boston ;  came  from  N.  Jersey. 
JAMES  NEWELL,  Boston. 

CORNET  JONATHAN  HEATH,  Boston,  livery  stable 
keeper. 

LIEUT.  EZRA  FORRESTALL,  Boston. 

ENSIGN  EPHRAIM  L.  SNOW,  Boston.  Merchant  in 
New  York. 

JARVIS  BRAMAN,  Boston  ;  born  at  Holden. 

JOHN  HOLTON,  Boston,  truckman. 

CAPT.  FRED.  CAMBRIDGE,  Boston,  leather-dresser. 

This  year,  Queen  Victoria,  on  her  accession,  appointed  her  uncle, 
Augustus  Frederick  Duke  of  Sussex,  to  be  Captain  General  of  the 
Hon.  Artillery  Company,  London — an  office  of  no  emolument,  but 
of  same  rank  as  Field  Marshal,  and  only  held  by  the  Sovereign,  or 
person  nearest  in  rank. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1837;  by  Artemas  B. 
Muzzey,  Cambridge — Rom.  XIII.  3d,  4th.  Printed. 

1838. 

AMOS  LAWRENCE,  ESQ,  Boston,  merchant.  Admit- 
ted an  Hon.  member  for  his  liberal  donation  of  ,$200. 
Representative. 

HON.  THOMAS  L.  WINTHROP,  Boston,  merchant. 
Graduated  at  Har.  Col.  1780.  A  gentleman  of  ample 
fortune,  descended  from  the  first  Governor  of  Massa- 
chusetts. Representative ;  Senator ;  Lieut.  Governor 
of  Massachusetts  several  years,  when  he  retired  from 
public  life.  He  had  a  large  family,  and  three  of  his 
sons  were  members,  viz :  John  Temple,  1 822  ;  Robert 
C.  1830  ;  Grenville  T.  1833.  He  made  a  donation  of 
$  100  to  the  Ar.  Co.  Died  February,  1841. 


437 

MAJ.  JAMES  H.  BLAKE,  Boston,  merchant.  City  Mar- 
shal. Major  of  Independent  Cadets  ;  brother  of  Capt. 
Edward,  1830. 

COL.  JULIUS  C.  STEELE,  Boston,  grocer.  Colonel  of 
2d  Regiment. 

CAPT.  JOHN  K.  CORBETT,  Hingham. 

ARTEMAS  WHITE,  Boston,  blacksmith. 

LIEUT.  EBENEZER  MAY  DORR,  Boston,  merchant. 

CAPT.  CALEB  S.  ROGERS,  Boston.  Removed  to  New 
Hampshire. 

CAPT.  JOHN  B.  ELLINWOOD,  Boston.  Removed  to 
New  Hampshire. 

MAJ.  GEN.  APPLETON  HOWE,  Weymouth,  physician. 
Major  General  of  1st  Division  1839,  and  again  (under 
new  law)  1841.  Graduated  at  Har.  Col.  1815.  Sen- 
ator from  Norfolk  1841  and  2.  Born  at  Hopkinton, 
Mass.  Nov.  26th,  1792.  He  is  much  esteemed  as  a 
citizen,  physician,  and  soldier,  being  a  man  of  correct 
judgment  and  amiable  disposition.  His  father  was  a 
clergyman  in  Hopkinton.  Captain  of  Ar.  Co.  1 840. 

MAJ.  THOMAS  C.  WEBB,  Weymouth,  grocer.  Aid  to 
Gen.  Howe.  Became  a  leather  dealer  in  Boston  1841, 
when  Orderly  of  Ar.  Co. 

WlLLARD  W.  CODMAN,  Boston,  dentist. 

EZRA  TRULL,  JR,  Boston,  distiller. 
WILLIAM  HOWE,  3d,  Boston,  hatter. 
EDWARD  HOLBROOK,  JR,  Boston,  merchant. 
JOHN  W.  WARREN,  Boston,  physician. 
LIEUT.  COL.  EDWARD  CAZNEAU,  Hingham. 

In  June  of  this  year,  the  Company  celebrated,  with  unusual  spirit, 
their  CC  Anniversary.  About  170  members  were  present.  The 


"Vanguard  of  the  Veterans"  (Maj.  B.  Russell  and  others)  attracted 
special  attention.  The  State  fired  a  salute  of  200  guns  in  the  morn- 
ing. Thomas  Power,  Esq,  composed  an  Ode,  which  was  sung  by 
the  Handel  and  Haydn  Society ;  and  Mr.  Lothrop's  Sermon  was  much 
admired.  The  most  remarkable  "  toast"  was  Col.  R.  C.  Winthrop's  : 
"  Ballots  and  Bullets — the  paper  currency  and  metallic  basis  of  a 
free  people ;  the  former  can  only  be  saved  from  depreciation  by 
keeping  an  abundant  supply  of  the  latter  to  redeem  it."  The  invit- 
ed guests  were  numerous — the  speeches  good — the  dinner  excellent — 
the  day  auspicious.  The  celebration  was  in  all  respects  worthy  of 
the  occasion.  The  Common  was  unusually  thronged,  as  if  the  remi- 
niscence of  the  long  and  eventful  past  animated  the  people. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1838;  by  Samuel  K.  Lo- 
throp,  Boston— Deut.  IV.  32d.  Printed. 

1839. 
LUKE  THOMAS,  Boston,  butcher. 

LIEUT.  COL.  AUGUSTUS  ADAMS,  Charlestown  and 
Cambridge. 

LIEUT.  FREEMAN  L.  CUSHMAN,  Boston,  carpenter ; 
successor  to  Col.  Bourne,  as  City  Land  Agent. 

LIEUT.  COL.  THOMAS  HUGHES,  Boston,  merchant. 
Lieutenant  of  the  Ar.  Co.  1841,  and  Captain  of  the  In- 
dependent Cadets.  Born  at  Boston,  Nov.  16th,  1805. 

SAMUEL  COOPER  THACHER,  Boston,  merchant ;  son 
of  Hon.  P.  O.  Thacher. 

LIEUT.  NOAH  LINCOLN,  JR,  Boston,  wood-wharfinger. 
LIUET.  WILLIAM  EATON,  Boston,  wood-wharfinger. 

DUDLEY  HALL,  Boston,  merchant. 
\ 
NATHANIEL  H.  HENCHMAN,  Boston,  merchant. 

MAJ.  GEORGE  M.  THACHER,  Boston,  merchant.  Ad- 
jutant of  Ar.  Co.  1840.  Staff  of  Gen.  Howe.  Son  of 
Hon.  P.  O.  Thacher;  born  at  B.  March  5th,  1809. 

CHARLES  EVERETT,  JR,  merchant.     Removed  to  111. 


439 

GEORGE  S.  WILLIS,  Pittsfield. 
BENJAMIN  F.  CROSS,  Boston. 

HON.  MARCUS  MORTON,  Taunton,  lawyer.  Judge  S. 
J.  Court.  Lieut.  Governor  and  Governor  of  Massa- 
chusetts. 

In  June,  1839,  the  By-laws  were  revised  and  reprinted  with  the 
Roll.  An  original  discourse,  printed  by  Samuel  Green,  1679,  by 
Rev.  John  Richardson,  Newbury,  in  1675,  Artillery  Election,  June 
10th,  was  found  among  the  papers  of  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Osgood,  of 
Medford.  David  Osgood,  M.  D.  of  Boston,  presented  it,  with  others 
of  more  recent  date,  to  the  Ar.  Co.  and  the  Company  reprinted  it. 
The  regular  Sermon,  that  year,  was  (June  3d)  by  Rev.  S.  Phillips, 
of  Rowley.  Probably,  owing  to  the  excitement  of  King  Philip's 
War,  the  corps  adjourned  the  election  to  June  10. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1 839 ;  by  Otis  A.  Skinner, 
Boston— Neh.  IV.  14th.  Printed. 

1840. 

MAJ.  WILDES  P.  WALKER,  Boston,  merchant.  Aid  to 
Gen.  Howe. 

CHARLES  H.  STEARNS,  Boston. 

LIEUT.  JOHN  B.  DALE,  Boston,  U.  S.  Navy. 

LIEUT.  ASA  LAW,  Boston,  machinist. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1840;  by  Daniel  Sharp, 
D.  D.  Boston— Titus  III.  1st.  Printed. 

1841. 

CAPT.  ROYAL  DOUGLASS,  confectioner,  Cambridge- 
port.  Lieutenant  of  Ar.  Co.  1842. 

NELSON  P.  ANGELL,  Boston. 

EDWARD  R.  BROADER s,  Boston,  bookseller. 

Oct.  19th,  1841,  the  Independent  Company  of  Cadets  observed 
their  Centennial  Anniversary.  Rev.  S.  K.  Lothrop  delivered  an  ex- 


440 

cellent  Address,  which  was  beautifully  printed  by  Maj.  Eastburn. 
At  the  election,  January,  1842,  a  standard  was  presented  to  this 
corps  by  its  past  members  and  officers. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1841  ;  by  Calvin  Hitch- 
cock, Randolph— Matt.  V.  38th — 41st.     Printed. 

1842. 

BRIG.  GEN.  HENRY  DUNHAM,  Abington,  shoe-dealer. 
COL.  ALBERT  WHITMARSH,  Abington,  shoe-dealer. 

LIEUT.  CHARLES  MAYO,  Boston,  lawyer ;  born  Feb. 
10th,  1809,  atBrewster. 

Artillery  Election  Sermon,  1842;  by  J.  S.  C.  Abbot, 
Nantucket. 


PART   II. 
A  REVIEW  OF  THE  CUSTOMS 


WE  will  now  explain  some  of  the  rights,  customs,  and 
privileges  of  the  Company.  Their  name  by  the  char- 
ter was  the  Military  Company  of  the  Massachusetts. 
Probably  the  names  of  "  the  Artillery  Company  "  and 
"  the  Great  Artillery,"  originated  by  the  introduction 
of  field  pieces.  The  charter  has  never  been  revised 
by  the  General  Court.  The  oldest  printed  sermon 
(that  of  U.  Oaks,  June  3d,  1672)  was  delivered  "on 
the  day  of  the  Artillery  Election"  All  the  sermons 
printed  down  to  1708,  are  said  to  be  delivered  before 
the  Artillery  Company,  but  this  sermon  is  delivered 
before  the  Honourable  Artillery  Company.  This  style 
in  the  title  page  is  uniformly  the  same  until  1738. 
Symmes,  in  his  address  to  the  Company,  (sermon 
1720)  says  he  shall  conclude,  &c.  with  an  address  to 
the  gentlemen  of  the  Ancient  and  Honourable  Company. 
Williams,  in  1737,  once  introduces  the  words  Ancient 
and  Honourable  Artillery  Company.  Dr.  Colman's 
Century  Sermon,  1738,  says — "preached  before  the 
Honourable  and  Ancient  Artillery  Company."  From 
that  period  all  the  sermons  printed  are  preached  before 
the  Ancient  and  Honourable  Artillery  Company. 

The  Legislature  in  their  grants  of  the  Company  land, 
speak  of  them  as  the  Artillery  Company ;  the  same  phra- 
seology is  preserved  in  the  oldest  records  of  the  Com- 
pany. The  first  mention  on  record  of  their  using  the 
word  Honourable  is  in  1743.  Nor  does  it  appear  they 
introduced  the  words  Ancient  and  Honourable,  except- 


56 


442 

ing  once  in  1762,  long  after  they  had  been  styled  so  by 
the  people,  in  their  records  till  1786,  when  the  Com- 
pany was  revived  after  the  Revolution.  The  Legisla- 
ture in  their  Militia  Laws  have  since  confirmed  that 
name  to  them.  It  is  therefore  probable  they  retained 
the  name  of  Artillery,  after  they  had  relinquished  the 
use  of  it,  by  common  consent.  The  addition  of  Hon- 
ourable was  applied  by  the  people  on  account  of  the 
many  distinguished  men  who  had  belonged  to  and 
commanded  it ;  and  for  the  great  benefit  and  service 
the  institution  had  rendered  the  community.  This 
name  for  the  same  reason  they  continue  to  merit ;  and 
the  word  Ancient  has  been  added  by  common  consent 
and  usage  since  the  expiration  of  their  first  century. 

A  custom  has  prevailed  in  the  Company  from  its  first 
origin,  that  every  member  should  sign  the  Company 
book,  and  procure  two  bondsmen.  In  former  times 
they  were  undoubtedly  held  responsible,  not  only  for 
the  good  conduct,  but  the  payment  of  fines  and  assess- 
ments due  from  him  for  whom  they  became  bound. 
In  modern  times  the  latter  part  of  this  obligation  has 
been  in  substance  done  away,  it  being  thought  the  honor 
of  each  member  was  pledged  to  his  brethren,  and  that 
honor  was  of  stronger  obligation  than  a  sealed  instru- 
ment. None  have  ever  been  allowed  as  bondsmen  ex- 
cepting members,  and  thus  in  such  parts  of  the  roll  as 
have  been  lost,  we  are  able  with  tolerable  accuracy 
to  supply  the  deficiency.  The  attachment  to  each 
other,  which  has  ever  existed  among  the  members,  may 
also  be  attributed  to  their  being  mutually  bound.  This 
attachment  has  not  only  been  evinced  by  the  mutual 
interchange  of  friendship,  patronage  in  business,  but 
zeal  to  promote  their  private  happiness,  and  has  extend- 
ed to  a  combined  effort  in  warning  the  exposed,  reliev- 
ing the  unfortunate  and  reclaiming  the  imprudent. 

When  the  Company  was  formed,  a  great  proportion 


443 

of  the  members  held  no  commissions.  The  number  of 
trainbands,  or  corps,  were  few :  as  the  country  increased 
in  population  and  new  bands  were  formed,  new  officers 
were  wanting,  many  of  whom  were  selected  from  this 
Company.  It  was  the  only  school  where  the  military 
art  was  to  be  learned;  and  private  citizens,  by  the 
knowledge  here  obtained,  were  made  the  most  conspic- 
uous candidates  for  office.  The  militia  companies  of 
later  times  not  unfrequently  selected  their  officers  from 
private  citizens  in  the  corps.  From  1810  to  1820  two 
colonels,  four  majors,  eleven  captains  and  twelve  subal- 
terns were  made  from  private  soldiers,  either  in  the 
militia,  or  United  States  Army. 

From  the  first  organization  they  have  exercised  the 
right  of  admitting  private  citizens,  and  this  right  openly 
exercised  and  always  claimed  has  been  acquiesced  in 
by  all.  The  Legislature  for  two  centuries  have  known 
it,  and  tacitly  or  expressly  confirmed  it ; — tacitly,  by 
never  forbidding  or  restraining  it ; — expressly,  by  con- 
firming all  the  ancient  rights  and  privileges  of  the  insti- 
tution, although  not  defining  them.  The  militia  laws 
since  the  Revolution  are  sufficient  to  establish  the  right, 
even  if  undisturbed  custom  was  not  sufficient.  In  1 700, 
it  became  a  permanent  regulation,  that  forty  privates 
might  be  admitted,  and  the  number  was  the  product  of 
mutual  agreement  between  all  parties  interested.  This 
number  was  adhered  to,  until  to  conform  to  the  militia 
laws,  in  1 798,  sixty-four  was  establishe'd  as  the  number, 
and  in  1840,  two-fifths. 

March  29th,  1813,  some  doubts  having  arisen  as  to 
the  exercise  of  the  power  in  the  extent  then  supposed 
to  exist,  and  as  a  cautionary  measure,  a  Committee 
was  chosen  "  to  take  into  consideration  the  subject  of 
admitting  hereafter  members  into  the  Company,  who 
do  not  hold,  or  who  have  not  held  commissions."  Their 
report  says, 


444 

"  Your  Committee  have  carefully  examined  the  ancient  charter, 
and  the  practice  of  the  Company  under  the  same  from  its  first  estab- 
lishment to  the  present  time,  and  the  result  of  their  investigation  is  : 
that  the  charter  imposes  no  restraint  on  the  Company  in  their  freely 
receiving  as  members  all  such  persons,  as  they  may  choose  to  admit ; 
and  the  records  prove  that  at  every  period  of  its  existence,  a  large 
proportion  of  its  most  active  and  useful  members  have  consisted  of 
those  who  have  not  held  commissions,  but  who  have  by  their  exer- 
tions in  its  cause,  and  their  martial  spirit,  most  essentially  contrib- 
uted to  its  welfare  and  honor." 

ARNOLD  WELLES,  Per  Order. 

This  right  was  attempted  to  be  disturbed  by  some 
militia  officers,  not  members,  who  enrolled  those  mem- 
bers within  their  bounds  who  had  not  held  commis- 
sions, and  notified  them  for  trainings;  they  paid  no 
attention  to  the  notifications,  excepting  to  inform  the 
Company ;  but  the  captains  who  had  enrolled  them  did 
not  proceed  further,  to  try  the  question  at  law. 

Although  there  is  reason  to  believe  that  the  aged  and 
infirm,  with  distinguished  men  occasionally,  and  those 
who  resided  at  a  distance,  were  considered  as  honorary 
members  in  the  early  age  of  the  Company  ;  yet  no  par- 
ticular regulation  on  the  subject  is  recorded  until  1760, 
when  it  was  voted  "  that  those  gentlemen,  that  have 
had  the  honor  to  receive  the  badge  as  Captains  of  this 
Company,  may  continue  their  names  on  the  Clerk's 
book,  and  be  called  over  every  Muster  day,  if  they 
think  fit,  and  not  be  subject  to  a  fine  for  non-ap- 
pearance." Honorary  members  appear  to  have  been 
created,  by  vote,  immediately  after  the  revival,  1786  ; 
but  their  rights  or  duties  were  not  defined,  until  a  ques- 
tion arose  respecting  their  voting.  May,  1812,  the 
Company  decided,  "  that  all  honorary  members,  who 
pay  the  anniversary  assessment,  are  entitled  to  vote." 
In  the  present  regulations  the  same  principle  is  extended 
to  the  admission  of  honorary  members  (of  high  military 
rank)  who  had  not  previously  been  active  members. 


445 

From  the  above  vote  in  1760,  we  perceive  also 
another  custom  which  had  been  handed  down  from  the 
first ;  viz.  calling  the  roll  on  field-days,  wherein  every 
member  was  called  by  all  his  titles.  This  practice  was 
rigidly  adhered  to  until  within  a  few  years.  It  was  the 
custom  to  bring  the  Company  book  upon  the  field,  not 
only  thereby  to  call  the  roll,  but  that  all  votes  and  orders 
might  then  be  entered ;  for  all  the  records  previous  to 
the  Revolution  appear  to  be  made  as  on  a  field-day, 
and  none  at  drill  meetings.  On  the  parade,  of  a  field- 
day,  was  the  place  where  the  names  of  members  with 
their  bondsmen  were  signed.  These  field-days,  or 
training-days,  were  originally  every  month,  but  they 
were  afterwards  (1657)  reduced  to  five,  and  recently 
to  two.  The  anniversary  of  election  of  officers  has 
invariably  been  the  first  Monday  in  June.  In  the  early 
history  of  the  Company  they  were  required  to  perform 
a  whole  day's  duty  on  each  field-day ;  in  process  of 
time,  1700,  they  performed  a  whole  day's  duty  in  May 
and  September ;  and  but  half  a  day's  duty  in  April  and 
October.  The  field-day  in  April  was  considered  the 
day  of  inspection.  In  later  times  a  whole  day's  duty  is 
seldom  required,  except  on  emergencies,  or  encamp- 
ments.* 

The  mode  of  notifying  the  Company  for  field-duty 
has  been  peculiar.  They  were  notified  in  all  instances 
by  the  fifes  and  drums,  through  the  principal  streets  in 
Boston.  The  displaying  the  standard  at  the  south  cor- 
ner of  State  Street  and  Cornhill  was  for  a  time  an  aux- 
illiary  method  of  giving  notice ;  but  the  old  method 
was  in  use  in  1 820.  About  70  or  80  years  ago,  it  was 
the  custom  in  the  forenoon,  previous  to  their  muster- 
ing, for  Ichabod  Williston,  long  celebrated  as  the  Com- 
pany drummer,  between  the  hours  of  eleven  and  one, 

*  In  1834,  the  Corps  visited  Newton  ;  1835,  encamped  at  Worcester  ;  1838, 
visited  Salem. 


446 

to  march  down  Middle  Street  to  Winnesimet  Ferry, 
beating  the  troop,  unescorted,  excepting  by  an  innumer- 
able company  of  boys.  On  his  arrival  at  the  Ferry,  he 
beat  the  roll  three  times,  shouldered  his  drum  and  went 
his  way.  This  was  called  the  first  drum  ;  which  became 
a  bye-word  among  the  workmen  in  the  ship-yards,  who 
when  they  began  to  feel  the  want  of  their  forenoon 
grog  and  luncheon,  used  to  ask  each  other,  if  it  was  not 
time  to  beat  the  fast  drum.  Formerly  the  Company 
mustered  on  the  lower  floor  of  the  Old  State  House, 
which  was  called  training  in  the  town-house.  When  on 
the  march,  at  stated  periods,  Williston  would  beat  a 
long  roll,  following  it  with  twice  two  strokes  and  a  flam. 

After  the  Massacre,  March  5th,  1770,  this  Company 
used  to  parade  with  two  drums  and  two  fifes,  and  the 
militia  companies  with  one.  All  adopted  the  quick 
time,  which  had  never  been  practised  in  Boston, 
before  the  British  troops  came  in  1768.  The  slow 
time  was  afterwards  occasionally  resorted  to  for  a 
change,  and  on  escort  duty.  Common  time  was  not 
then  known  or  practised.  Espontoons  were  also  intro- 
duced at  this  time ;  previously  the  Captain  and  Lieu- 
tenant carried  pikes  or  half  pikes.  The  pike  had  a 
shaft  which  was  several  feet  longer  than  those  of  the 
espontoons,  headed  with  a  sharp  pointed,  polished  steel 
quadrangular  blade,  eight  or  ten  inches  in  length,  and 
on  the  foot  was  a  large  brass  ferrule.  The  Sergeants 
always  carried  halberds,  and  were  never  armed  with 
swords  until  the  Company  adopted  the  addition  in 
1790.  The  receiving  of  the  standard  on  a  field-day, 
and  depositing  it  after  firing,  to  close  the  duties  of  the 
day,  are  ceremonies  which  were  long  and  scrupuously 
observed. 

It  was  provided  in  the  original  charter,  that  no  other 
Company  should  train  within  certain  limits  on  either  of 
the  field-days  of  this  Company.  In  former  times  this 


447 

right  was  claimed  and  maintained  with  great  precision. 
The  Company  however  authorized  their  Commander 
for  the  time  being,  (1657)  to  permit  other  companies 
to  assemble  and  perform  duty  in  conjunction  with  the 
Artillery  Company.  The  right  was  claimed  in  its  fullest 
extent  at  all  times  ;  and  even  as  late  as  the  autumn  of 
1 808,  when  the  Company  was  paraded  in  upper  Faneuil 
Hall,  under  Capt.  Melzar  Holmes;  the  Winslow  Blues 
were  found  to  be  assembling  in  their  armory  for  a  drill 
— Capt.  Holmes  sent  a  message  to  them  to  disperse, 
and  after  a  conference  between  the  Commander  of  the 
Blues  and  Col.  Messinger,  their  former  Commander, 
a  member  of  the  Ar.  Co.  an  order  was  given  dismissing 
the  Winslow  Blues  until  another  day.  Of  late  years 
the  Company  have  not  enforced  this  right.  The  en- 
forcement of  such  a  right  must  necessarily  breed  con- 
tention, and  it  is  anxiously  hoped  that  the  harmony 
which  exists  among  the  several  corps  so  honorable  to 
them,  will  not  be  disturbed,  either  by  the  impolitic  en- 
forcement of  the  right  on  the  one  side,  or  a  wanton 
violation  of  it  on  the  other. 

Ever  since  1786,  the  Ar.  Co.  have  annually,  in  April  or  May,  ap- 
pointed a  meeting  specially  for  selecting  their  officers  for  the  year 
ensuing.  It  is  probable  this  custom  of  caucussing  for  officers  must 
have  existed  previously,  since  it  was  then  practised  by  those  who  had 
been  members  before  the  Revolution.  The  records  are  totally  silent 
on  the  subject,  except  one  instance,  May,  1760,  where  the  Company 
voted  that  the  old  commission  officers  wait  on  Gen.  William  Brattle, 
and  request  him  to  lead  the  Company  the  following  year.  At  this 
caucus,  the  senior  officer  present  presides,  and  a  balloting  takes 
place  for  a  new  Commander,  and  whoever  is  chosen  by  a  majority  is 
waited  upon  immediately  by  a  Committee,  and  his  answer  obtained. 
The  other  offices  are  then  filled  in  succession,  until  the  organization 
is  complete.  The  proceedings  are  kept  secret  until  the  form  of  an 
election  takes  place  on  the  field  election  day ;  and  any  member  di- 
vulging the  names  of  candidates  or  proceedings,  is  liable  to  imme- 
diate expulsion.  The  public  curiosity  is  frequently  excited  to  know 
who  are  to  be  the  new  officers.  These  caucusses  frequently  occupy 


448 

several  evenings,  not  unfrequently  till  past  midnight,  and  on  one  oc- 
casion within  the  compiler's  memory,  nine  different  persons  were 
selected  for  a  Commander,  all  of  whom  refused ;  the  caucus  contin- 
ued four  nights  and  one  afternoon.  Although  there  frequently  are 
sharply  contested  ballots,  yet  it  has  never  been  known  that  any  alter- 
ation has  taken  place  from  the  caucus  arrangements ;  all  the  oppos- 
ing candidates,  with  those  absent,  cheerfully  acquiescing — except  in 
one  case  of  the  Clerk,  in  1832,  when,  by  the  connivance  of  the  newly 
elected  Commander,  votes  were  secretly  printed  and  distributed  for 
another  person.  The  dishonorable  trick  was  not  discovered  till  the 
members  had  unconsciously  elected  a  Clerk  they  did  not  intend. 

The  Company  duty  and  ceremonies  of  Election  day  have  occa- 
sionally varied  and  been  altered,  by  reason  that  they  were  transmit- 
ted wholly  by  oral  tradition.  Many  have  desired  that  they  should  be 
collected  and  printed  as  a  future  guide.  The  Company  assemble  in 
the  morning,  at  an  early  hour,  at  their  Armory,  in  uniform.  Being 
paraded,  they  partake  of  a  collation,  recently  adopted,  to  prevent  the 
practice  of  leaving  the  meeting-house  during  the  services.  They 
then  march  to  the  State  House,  where  the  invited  guests  assemble. 
About  twelve  o'clock,  the  Company  escort  the  Governor,  Lieut. 
Governor  and  Council,  with  the  Legislature,  (when  they  had  a  sum- 
mer session,  who  always  adjourned  upon  the  occasion,)  and  the 
invited  guests,  to  the  First  Church,  where  a  sermon  is  preached. 
The  services  being  closed,  they  escort  his  Excellency  and  other 
guests  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  their  annual  dinner  is  provided.  At 
dinner,  the  Captain  presides  at  the  head  of  the  centre  table ;  on  the 
right  of  the  Captain  his  Excellency  is  seated ;  on  the  left,  the 
Preacher,  who  invokes  the  blessing ;  and  next  on  the  left,  the  Presi- 
dent of  Harvard  University,  who,  if  a  clergyman,  returns  thanks. 
The  other  officers  preside  at  the  foot  of  each  table. 

In  fair  weather,  the  table  is  dismissed  about  four  o'clock,  and  his 
Excellency  with  the  guests  retire.  The  Company  then  march  to 
their  allotted  square  at  the  north-western  corner  of  the  Common, 
where  they  commence  the  public  ceremonies  of  the  day  by  calling 
the  roll  of  active  and  honorary  members,  according  to  seniority  ; 
they  then  ballot  for  officers  for  the  year  ensuing.  The  votes  are 
counted  on  the  drum-head,  and  when  declared  the  drummer  beats 
the  roll  three  times  for  the  Captain,  twice  for  the  Lieutenant,  and 
once  for  the  Ensign.  His  Excellency  and  the  Council  are  then  in- 
formed of  the  election,  and  their  approbation  is  requested. 

The  Company  then  repair  to  the  State  House,  and  escort  the 
Governor,  Lieut.  Governor,  Council  and  invited  guests  within  the 
square.  On  his  Excellency's  entering  the  square,  a  salute  of  thir- 


449 

teen  guns  is  fired  by  the  detachment  of  Artillery.  He  is  then  es- 
corted to  the  Chair  of  State,  in  the  centre  of  the  western  side,  sup- 
ported by  the  civil  department  on  his  right,  and  military  on  his  left ; 
and  the  Company  pay  the  usual  standing  and  marching  salutes. 
They  then  perform  such  evolutions  as  the  Commander  chooses  to 
exhibit,  and  then  the  old  Commander  wheels  the  wings  inward,  form- 
ing three  sides  of  a  square,  when  he  affectionately  takes  leave  of  his 
brother  officers  and  soldiers,  and  inculcates  the  spirit  of  subordi- 
nation. 

The  Company  being  again  formed  in  line,  in  open  ranks,  the 
music  playing  common  time,  the  Captain  marches  from  the  right-as 
far  as  the  centre,  when  he  turns  to  the  right  and  proceeds  to  the 
Governor,  to  resign  the  insignia  of  his  office.  When  the  Captain 
has  arrived  at  the  centre  and  turned  to  the  right,  the  Lieutenant 
commences  marching  to  the  right  of  the  Company,  to  assume  the 
command.  The  last  word  of  command  given  by  the  old  Commander 
is — carry  arms ; — at  which  position  they  remain  until  he  has  saluted 
his  Excellency  and  resigned  his  badges ;  when  the  Lieutenant  may 
ease  the  position  of  the  men,  remembering  to  bring  them  to  the 
shoulder  and  support,  as  the  old  Captain  returns  to  the  ranks.  The 
old  Commander,  having  arrived  at  about  eight  paces  distance  from 
the  Governor,  halts  and  pays  the  standing  salute,  and  advancing  a 
little,  addresses  him,  concluding  by  delivering  the  espontoon  to  his 
Excellency ;  he  then  uncovers  and  listens  to  what  the  Governor  shall 
say,  which  being  finished,  he  covers,  comes  to  the  right  about  face 
and  marches,  quick  time,  through  the  centre  to  the  rear,  where  he 
is  divested  of  his  sword  and  ornaments,  and  putting  on  the  accoutre- 
ments of  the  new  Commander,  who  by  this  time  has  left  his  post  and 
retired  to  the  rear,  takes  his  place  in  line  as  a  common  soldier. 
When  properly  prepared,  the  new  Commander,  the  music  playing 
quick  time,  marches  through  the  centre  directly  to  his  Excellency, 
halts  when  eight  paces  distant,  and  uncovers.  When  advanced  a 
little,  the  Governor  addresses  him,  usually  in  the  purport  of  a  written 
commission,  and  concludes  by  placing  in  his  hands  the  espontoon, 
which  he  receives  as  soon  as  he  is  covered  and  pays  the  standing 
salute,  and  then  replies  to  his  Excellency  in  such  manner  as  the  oc- 
casion may  dictate.  Upon  coming  to  the  right  about  face,  the  music 
common  time,  he  marches  to  the  centre  of  the  Company.  The  Lieu- 
tenant gives  the  word,  present  arms — when  he  has  approached  to 
about  twenty  paces  distance  from  the  standard ;  when  he  arrives 
close  in  front  of  the  standard,  he  pays  the  marching  salute  and  turns 
to  the  left ;  at  the  same  time  he  turns  to  the  left,  the  old  Lieutenant 
commences  marching  to  his  post  on  the  left  of  the  Company. 

57 


450 

The  first  word  of  command  given  by  the  new  Commander  is — 
shoulder  arms.  After  a  moment  of  rest,  the  old  Lieutenant  marches 
to  the  centre  and  turns  to  the  left,  common  time,  and  proceeds  to 
his  Excellency,  to  whom  he  resigns  in  a  similar  manner  as  the  old 
Commander,  and  returns  in  quick  time  to  the  rear.  The  new  Lieu- 
tenant proceeds,  quick  time,  to  his  Excellency,  as  the  new  Command- 
er had  done,  where  he  is  commissioned  in  a  similar  manner,  and  hav- 
ing received  the  badge  of  his  office,  marches  in  common  time  to  the 
centre,  salutes,  and,  turning  to  the  right,  marches  to  his  post  on  the 
left  of  the  Company,  who  present  arms  when  he  is  about  twenty 
paces  distant  from  the  standard.  The  old  Ensign  then  resigns  his 
office  in  a  similar  way,  by  proceeding  directly  from  his  post,  and  de- 
livering the  standard  to  the  Governor.  Having  returned  to  the  rear 
of  the  centre,  the  new  elected  Ensign  proceeds,  and  is  commissioned 
in  the  same  manner ;  places  the  standard  in  the  socket,  faces  the 
Company,  and  when  twenty  paces  distant  from  his  post,  he  waves 
the  standard  at  the  same  time  they  present  arms. 

When  the  old  officers  severally  march  up,  the  Company  should  be 
at  carry  arms ;  when  they  return  they  should  be  at  support  arms. 
When  the  newly  elected  officers  severally  march  up  to  be  commis- 
sioned, the  Company  should  be  at  carry  arms;  and  when  they  return 
the  Company  should  present  arms.  The  espontoon  is  considered 
the  commission  of  the  Captain  and  Lieutenants,  the  same  as  the 
pike  and  half  pike  were  formerly,  and  the  standard  was  the  commis- 
sion of  the  Ensign. 

The  old  Sergeants  then  repair  through  the  centre  to  the  new  Com- 
mander, and  resign  their  offices  by  delivering  their  halberds  to  the 
new  Commander,  (the  drummer  receives  them,)  and  they  salute,  un- 
cover, and  address  the  Commander,  through  the  Orderly,  and,are 
addressed  by  him  in  a  manner  similar  to  the  ceremony  before  re- 
lated in  regard  to  commissioned  officers.  They  then  return  through 
the  centre  to  the  rear,  and  exchange  places  and  accoutrements  with 
the  new  Sergeants,  who  repair  to  the  new  Commander,  and  he  trans- 
mits to  them  the  halberds,  and  qualifies  them.  His  Excellency  is 
then  informed  that  the  Company  is  duly  organized,  and  the  Com- 
manden  closes  the  duty  of  the  day  by  paying  the  usual  standing  and 
marching  salutes.  His  Excellency  is  then  escorted  to  his  residence, 
and  the  Company  return  to  Faneuil  Hall,  where  the  fatigues  of  the 
day  are  forgotten  in  the  pleasures  of  the  festive  board. 

The  Company  have  always  considered  it  improper 
for  the  Lieut.  Governor  to  officiate  and  receive  the 
badges  of  the  old  officers  and  commission  the  new, 


451 

when  there  was  a  Governor  in  the  actual  discharge  of 
that  office.  Previous  to  the  Revolution,  nothing  upon 
the  subject  is  found  on  record ;  yet  the  surviving  mem- 
bers admitted  before,  strongly  affirm  the  position  here 
stated,  as  that  which  was  transmitted  to  them  from 
times  long  past.  From  the  testimony  of  an  elderly  gen- 
tleman of  great  accuracy,  the  following  information  is 
derived.  "  At  the  election,  June,  1774,  Gov.  Gage, 
with  the  General  Court  at  Salem,  to  which  place  the 
seat  of  Government  was  transferred  from  Boston,  by 
order  of  the  British  Parliament,  as  part  of  the  punish- 
ment of  the  town  of  Boston  for  suffering  the  East  India 
Company's  tea  to  be  destroyed  in  the  harbor.  The 
commissions  of  the  officers  were  exchanged  by  the  Hon. 
William  Brattle,  Esq,  Major  General  throughout  the 
Province.  It  was  expected  that  this  duty  would  be  per- 
formed by  Lieut.  Gov.  Oliver,  but  on  deliberation  it  was 
determined  that  he  held  no  military  rank  while  the  Gov- 
ernor was  in  the  Province.  Gov.  Hutchinson  had  done 
that  duty  when  only  Lieut.  Governor,  but  it  was  after 
Gov.  Pownal's  departure,  in  1760,  and  previous  to  Gov. 
Barnard's  arrival.  He  was  then  considered  Command- 
er-in-Chief  of  the  Province." 

At  the  election,  June,  1790,  the  Governor  (Hancock) 
being  indisposed,  did  not  attend  the  services  of  the  day ; 
but  the  Lieut.  Governor  and  Council  did.  The  weather 
was  stormy.  "  The  Company  proceeded  to  elect  their 
officers  for  the  year  ensuing  in  the  hall,  after  which  the 
commissioned  officers  repaired  to  the  house  of  his  Ex- 
cellency the  Commander-in-Chief,  with  the  officers 
elect,  where  the  former  resigned  the  badges,  and  the 
latter  received  them  from  his  Excellency."  This  cere- 
mony was  interesting  and  solemn.  The  compiler  was 
informed  by  an  old  member  (Maj.  J.  Bray)  that  Gov. 
Hancock  was  so  indisposed  that  he  was  bolstered  up  in 


452 

his  bed,  and  that  the  officers  repaired  to  his  sick  cham- 
ber, and  the  ceremony  was  performed  at  his  bed-side. 

June  3d,  1799,  and  June,  1835,  the  badges  were  re- 
signed to,  and  the  newly  elected  officers  invested  by,  the 
Lieut.  Governor.  No  mention  is  made  on  record  of 
the  Governor  during  the  day,  in  1799.  It  is  supposed, 
however,  that  Gov.  Sumner  was  dangerously  sick  at  his 
residence  in  Roxbury,  for  he  died  June  7th,  1799 — and 
was  buried  June  12th.  In  the  arrangement  of  the  pro- 
cession there  was  at  first  sonle  difficulty  about  the  place 
assigned  the  Company,  being  nearly  last ;  but  finally  a 
higher  place  was  assigned  them,  which  was  satisfactory.* 
If  the  ceremony  is  not  performed  by  the  Governor,  the 
oldest  Major  General  in  the  State  present  performs  the 
duty. 

On  the  field  day  April  7th,  1729,  the  Company  being  under  arms, 
the  record  says  : — "  Whereas  the  commissioned  officers  of  this  Com- 
pany, were  absent  by  illness,  and  other  avocations,  the  Company  by 
handy  vote,  made  choice  of  Lieut.  Col.  Habijah  Savage  to  lead  and 
exercise  the  Company  for  this  day ;  which  he  accordingly  accepted," 
and  the  day's  duty  was  performed  under  him.  Col.  Savage  was  then 
a  field  officer  in  commission  and  a  soldier  in  the  ranks  of  the  Com- 
pany ;  hence  it  is  inferred,  that  the  highest  commissioned  officer 
present  always  commands,  and  the  Sergeants  may  supply  the  vacan- 
cies according  to  seniority.  If  all  the  commissioned  officers  should 
be  absent,  a  Sergeant  in  the  Company  cannot  lead  them,  but  they 
must  by  hand  vote  select  a  Commander  for  the  time  being,  who  must 
be  of  the  rank  of  a  field  officer,  if  one  be  present,  and  the  Sergeants 
may  fill  the  other  subaltern  offices  according  to  seniority.  On  the 
same  principles,  if  the  old  Captain  should  have  deceased,  or  is  absent 
or  confined  by  sickness,  on  Election  day,  the  badge  of  office,  the 
espontoon,  must  be  resigned  by  a  past  Commander  to  the  Governor, 
usually  the  oldest  present,  and  even  if  he  is  not  in  uniform.  This 
ought  to  be  done  by  appointment  of  the  Company.  So  likewise  if 
the  Lieutenant  and  Ensign,  or  either  of  them  is  absent.  When 
Gen.  Mattoon  was  confined  by  the  loss  of  his  eye-sight,  the  badge  of 

*  At  the  funeral  procession  in  Boston,  in  honor  of  the  late  President  Harrison, 
the  Ar.  Co.  were  first;  the  Scot's  Char.  Soc.  founded  about  20  years  after,  were 
placed  next.  Hon.  Lieut.  Col.  J.  Quincy,  jr,  was  Chief  Marshal. 


453 

his  office  was  resigned  by  Gen.  J.  Winslow,  the  oldest  past  Com- 
mander living,  except  his  Excellency,  in  citizen's  dress. 

The  Company  have  not  frequently  promoted  an  offi- 
cer without  his  first  returning  to  the  ranks  and  serving 
one  year  at  least  as  a  private;  there  are,  however,  some 
instances  to  the  contrary,  as  the  reader  has  seen  in  the 
course  of  this  History. 

May  8th,  1761,  it  was  voted,  "that  whoever  may  be 
Captain  of  this  Company,  a  Captain  in  the  militia  shall 
not  be  obliged  to  serve  otherwise  than  Lieutenant,  and 
a  Lieutenant  in  the  militia  otherwise  than  as  Ensign, 
and  an  Ensign  in  the  militia  shall  not  serve  as  a  Ser- 
geant unless  a  field  officer  leads  the  Company."  This 
vote  shows  how  rigidly  the  Company  adhered,  in  former 
times,  to  ancient  ceremonies  and  rank. 

A  custom  has  also  been  transmitted,  of  having  what 
are  called  squad  meetings.  At  first,  it  might  appear  to 
some  that  they  sprang  from  the  usage,  long  since  ex- 
tinct, of  meeting  on  the  evening  of  a  field  day  at  some 
officer's  house,  as  often  mentioned  in  the  old  records, 
for  business,  and  to  consult  for  the  Company's  welfare  ; 
this  may  be  their  origin,  but  the  connection  cannot  now 
be  traced.  As  practised  immediately  before  and  after 
the  Revolution,  they  were  not  a  meeting  of  the  whole 
Company,  but  only  about  a  seventh  part.  The  officer 
at  whose  house  they  assembled,  usually  in  the  winter, 
was  the  Commander  for  the  evening.  When  assem- 
bled, they  practised  in  his  parlor,  the  facings,  wheelings, 
and  manoeuvres,  generally  without  arms;  and  when 
that  duty  was  over,  sat  down  to  talk  over  the  affairs  of 
the  Company,  and  canvass  the  pretensions  of  candidates 
for  office  at  the  next  election.  The  evening's  duty  was 
occasionally  interspersed  with  anecdotes,  merriment  and 
songs,  and  closed  with  a  frugal  repast.  This  having  be- 
come expensive,  the  Company,  1819,  were  induced  to 


454 

regulate  the  subject ;  the  report  of  the  Committee  there- 
on says : — 

"  That  a  squad  meeting  was  originally  intended  to  promote  social 
intercourse,  to  converse  upon  subjects  tending  to  the  interests  of  the 
Company,  and  for  the  furtherance  of  its  military  reputation,  and  not 
for  the  purposes  of  extravagance  and  luxury." 

The  convivial  meetings,  now  discontinued  wholly, 
served  to  cement  the  friendship  of  members ;  so  also 
have  the  respectful  attentions  paid  the  dead.  When  a 
member  dies,  they  always  attend  the  funeral.  When 
one  who  has  been  an  officer  in  the  Company,  but  had 
previously  ceased  to  be  a  member,  dies,  they  attend  in 
the  same  manner.  When  a  past  Commander,  being  a 
member,  dies,  they  have  paid  some  additional  marks  of 
respect, — the  Company  attending  and  preceding  the 
corpse,  without  arms  or  uniform.  When  an  officer  dies 
in  commission,  he  is  buried  under  arms ;  and  when  a 
non-commissioned  officer  dies,  the  Company,  in  uniform 
but  not  under  arms,  precede  the  corpse.  When  the  de- 
ceased has  in  his  life  time  requested  these  ceremonies 
to  be  omitted,  or  it  is  not  agreeable  to  his  relations,  the 
Company  who  attend  walk  as  citizens  only. 

What  the  uniform  of  the  Company  was  when  it  was  founded,  1637, 
or  whether  they  had  any  uniform,  is  now  unknown.  There  is  a 
tradition  that  originally  the  officers  and  members  all  wore  large 
white  wigs  ;  but  there  is  nothing  certain  as  to  that  point.  The  most 
ancient  color  of  the  uniform  is  thus  alluded  to  in  Dr.  Colman's  Cen- 
tury Sermon,  in  1738,  page  27,  where  he  says :  "  Our  scarlet  and 
crimson  can  boast  no  proved  valor  equal  to  their  HARDY  BUFF.  Our 
children,  it  may  be,  would  be  frighted  to  see  the  dress  and  aspect 
of  one  of  their  great-grandfathers  on  such  a  day  as  this.  They  put 
on  courage  and  it  clothed  them,  and  they  took  on  then  an  authority, 
which  together  with  their  righteousness  was  their  crown  and  diadem. 
The  Captains  awed  their  families  and  neighbours  by  their  gravity 
and  piety,  as  well  as  frighted  their  enemies  by  their  boldness  and 
firmness.  The  natives  trembled  when  they  saw  them  train,  and  old 


455 

as  well  as  young  stood  still  and  reverenced  them,  as  they  passed 
along  in  martial  order." 

In  a  note  to  the  words  crimson  and  scarlet,  published  with  the 
sermon,  the  learned  Dr.  C.  says  :  "  A  very  proper  dress  for  officers 
and  others  in  the  militia,  in  my  eye ;  for  I  think  soldiers  should 
array  themselves  in  a  distinguishing  habit  on  their  day  of  training, 
if  they  can  well  afford  it ;  and  so  far  as  I  can  remember,  or  have 
been  informed,  our  fathers  did  so ;  so  that  I  could  not  mean  any  re- 
flection on  the  present  dress  of  the  gentlemen  in  arms,  as  some  have 
been  ready  to  take  the  words.  And  as  to  the  present  expense,  I  know 
not  whether  it  be  much  more  than  our  fathers'  buff  and  ribbands 
were  in  their  day.  And  if  it  be,  I  suppose  the  present  officers  and 
soldiers  have  as  good  estates  to  bear  it,  and  many  of  them  much 
greater  ;  though  the  land  is  poor  and  in  distress,  through  want  of  a 
medium  for  trade,  &,c." 

From  the  foregoing,  we  conclude  the  most  ancient  uniform  was 
blue  coats,  with  buff  underclothes ;  and  that  scarlet  or  crimson  was 
substituted  for  blue  about  1738,  since  Dr.  C.  seems  to  speak  as  if  it 
were  recently  adopted.  Common  report  speaks  of  the  dress  of  the 
Company  as  very  rich,  such  as  a  scarlet  coat,  crimson  silk  stockings, 
with  large  gold  clocks,  and  shoes  with  silver  buckles ;  also  a  large 
cocked  hat  trimmed  with  gold  lace. 

Sept.  2d,  1754,  the  Company  voted  "  in  future  to  appear  on  train- 
ing days  with  white  silk  hose ;"  and  Sept.  6th,  1756,  "  that  every 
person  admitted  into  this  Company,  for  the  future,  shall  provide  for 
themselves,  and  appear  on  each  of  our  training  days,  with  a  blue  coat 
and  a  gold-laced  hat."  April  2d,  1770,  voted,  "  that  every  member 
of  this  Company  furnish  himself  with  a  pair  of  white  linen  spatter- 
dashes, against  the  next  Artillery  Election  day."  In  May  following, 
the  buttons  were  fixed  upon  to  be  white,  and  the  straps  or  knee 
bands  black  ;  black  buttons  for  the  spatterdashes  were  first  intro- 
duced August  4th,  1786.  July  28th,  1772,  "the  Company  met  to 
consider  of  some  method  to  raise  the  spirit  and  reputation  of  the 
Company,  and  keep  up  the  honour  they  have  so  long  sustained ;" 
and  they  agreed  to  come  into  an  uniform,  viz :  "  blue  coats  and 
lappels,  with  yellow  buttons,  the  cock  of  the  hat  to  be  uniform  with 
the  rnilitia  officers — wigs  and  hair  to  be  clubbed ;"  and,  soon  after, 
they  fixed  the  uniform  of  the  music  to  be,  a  white  cloth  coat,  with 
blue  lappels,  trimmed  with  blue  and  white  lining;  white  linen  waist- 
coat and  breeches,  and  a  cap  covered  with  white  cloth  and  trimmed 
with  gold  binding."  Thus  the  uniform  remained,  until  the  meetings 
of  the  Company  were  suspended  by  the  Revolution. 

In  January,  1787,  the  Company  adopted  a  permanent  uniform, 


456 

viz  :  "  coats,  deep  blue  cloth  and  faced  with  buff,  and  straps  on  the 
shoulders  to  secure  the  belts,  with  hooks  and  eyes  at  the  skirts,  the 
buttons  plain  yellow,  double  washed.  2d.  Buff  vest  and  breeches; 
buttons  uniform  with  the  coat.  3d.  Plain  black  hat,  with  black 
buttons,  loop  and  cockade ;  cocks  to  be  soldier-like  and  uniform  as 
possible.  4th.  White  linen  spatterdashes,  to  fasten  under  the  foot 
and  come  part  up  the  thigh,  with  black  buttons,  and  black  garter  to 
buckle  below  the  knee.  5th.  White  stocks.  6th.  Bayonet  and  pouch 
belt  white,  two  and  a  half  inches  wide,  to  be  worn  over  the  shoulders. 
7th.  Pouches  to  be  uniform.  8th.  The  hair  to  be  qued.  9th.  Guns 
to  be  as  near  uniform  as  possible.  10th.  White  ruffled  shirts,  at 
wrist  and  bosom.  The  music's  uniform  to  be  the  same  as  the  Com- 
pany, the  coats  being  reversed."  This  continued  the  uniform,  with 
trifling  alteration,  for  twenty-three  years;  the  Company,  however, 
dispensed  with  ruffles  (at  the  wrist)  1798. 

The  uniform  was  altered  and  precisely  arranged,  August,  1810, 
when  the  following  was  adopted,  viz  :  "  Chapeau  de  bras,  ornamented 
with  a  fantail  cockade,  silver  loop  and  button,  and  a  full  black  plume 
eighteen  inches  long.  2d.  Coat — deep  blue  superfine  cloth,  with  red 
facings  and  white  linings ;  blue  shoulder  straps,  edged  with  red  ; 
two  silver  laced  button-holes  each  side  of  the  collar  ;  diamond  on  the 
skirts ;  and  white  convex  buttons,  stamped  with  the  arms  of  the 
State  and  the  word  Commonwealth.  3d.  Waistcoat — white  Mar- 
seilles, single  breasted,  with  a  standing  collar.  4th.  Smallclothes — 
fine  white  cassimere,  with  white  metal  buttons  on  the  knees.  5th. 
White  stock.  6th.  Gaiters — fine  white  linen,  to  come  up  to  the 
knee-pan  over  the  smallclothes,  with  black  buttons ;  a  black  velvet 
knee-strap,  with  a  white  buckle  ;  the  shoes  to  be  short  quartered  and 
tied  ;  long  hair,  to  be  braided  and  turned  up,  and  the  whole  to  wear 
powder ;  to  be  worn  on  the  Anniversary.  7th.  On  other  field  days, 
stock  to -.be  black,  and  the  gaiters  to  be  of  fine  black  cassimere,  with 
black  buttons,  of  the  same  length  with  the  white,  and  worn  in  the 
same  manner. 

In  1819,  the  plume  was  changed  to  white,  ten  inches  long.  On 
common  field  days  the  commissioned  officers  wore  military  boots  in- 
stead of  gaiters.  Thus  have  all  the  varieties  and  changes  of  uniform 
been  presented  the  reader  that  can  now  be  ascertained. 

In  June,  1820,  a  Committee  reported  upon  the  expediency  of  al- 
lowing such  members  as  hold  commissions  to  appear  in  the  ranks  in 
the  uniform  of  the  corps  to  which  they  may  belong.  This  report, 
being  an  ample  exposition  of  what  the  Company  was  designed  for, 
we  have  substantially  extracted  from  the  records. 

"  The  Committee,  desirous,  if  so  great  a  change  as  was  contem- 


457 

plated  should  be  made  in  the  appearance  of  the  Company,  that  a  cor- 
respondent effect  should  be  produced  in  the  community,  have  unof- 
ficially conferred  with  some  of  the  most  influential  members  of  the 
Civil  Government  of  the  State,  and  with  many  military  officers,  who 
are  not  now  members  of  the  Company.  Besides,  the  Committee  con- 
sidered the  public  as  having  a  direct  interest  in  the  question  ;  for  the 
Company  have  never  regarded  themselves  as  a  private  association, 
claiming  particular  privileges  for  their  own  advantage ;  but,  as  a 
public  institution,  invested  with  the  greatest  powers,  for  the  advance- 
ment of  the  most  important  public  benefits.  From  the  preamble  of 
the  charter,  it  is  to  be  inferred  that  the  grantees  were  members  of  dif- 
ferent companies,  who  were  desirous  of  advancing  the  military  art  by 
introducing  an  uniformity  of  discipline  throughout  the  Province.  It 
also  appears,  that  their  petition  was  viewed  in  so  favorable  a  light  by 
the  government,  that  their  request  was  not  only  complied  with,  but 
that  the  authority  of  appointing  its  officers  was  expressly  relinquished 
by  the  General  Court  and  Council,  and  the  power  of  choosing  them 
granted  to  the  Company.  Such  a  privilege  as  this  would  not  have 
been  conferred  by  an  arbitrary  government,  but  upon  such  individ- 
uals as  the  government  itself  leaned  upon  for  support.  The  extent 
of  the  confidence  of  the  Council  in  them,  is  to  be  inferred,  as  well  from 
the  elective  privilege  aforenamed,  as  from  the  authority  which  was 
given  them  to  assemble  in  any  town  within  the  jurisdiction.  Their 
military  standing  and  importance  is  to  be  deduced  from  the  fact, 
that  their  services  in  the  companies  to  which  they  belonged  were 
considered  so  indispensable,  that  those  were  ordered  not  to  assemble 
on  the  days  appointed  for  the  Company  meeting.  It  would  seem 
also,  from  the  prohibition  upon  towns  not  to  hold  their  meetings  upon 
the  days  of  the  Company  training,  that  the  grantees  and  their  asso- 
ciates were  not  only  of  importance  as  military  men,  but  that,  like 
those  who  now  sustain  military  offices,  they  were  persons  possessed 
of  important  useful  influence  in  the  political  concerns  of  the  coun- 
try. Surely  great  value  must  have  been  attached  to  an  institution, 
to  which  was  given  such  high  and  unusual  privileges,  and  to  which 
was  added  a  grant  of  land,  to  aid  it  in  the  accomplishment  of  its 
public  objects. 

"  The  patriotic  spirit  evinced  by  the  founders  of  the  Company,  has 
since  exhibited  itself  in  various  periods  of  its  history.  This  was  suc- 
cessfully appealed  to  by  Gov.  Bowdoin,  at  the  time  of  the  insurrec- 
tion, in  1786.  Their  conduct  on  that,  and  several  other  occasions, 
was  highly  exemplary  ;  and  it  is  with  no  small  degree  of  pride  and 
pleasure,  in  looking  over  the  rolls  and  records  of  the  Company,  that 

the  Committee  find  that  those  who  have  succeeded  to  the  immuni- 
se 


458 

ties  and  honors  of  the  original  grantees,  have  been  possessed  of  sim- 
ilar influence  and  character.  That  such  has  ever  been  the  case,  is 
evident  from  its  history  ;  and  its  records  discover  that  its  utility  has 
been  the  foundation  of  the  continued  patronage  of  the  government, 
shown  to  it  in  additional  grants  of  land  by  the  Legislature;  their  re- 
mission of  taxes  on  its  property,  and  the  distinguished  honors  annu- 
ally conferred  on  it  by  the  Executive. 

"  The  Charter  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company 
contains  principles  which  are  now  considered  as  vital  in  our  political 
institutions. 

"  The  annual  election  of  its  Company  officers,  from  the  highest  to 
the  lowest,  and  their  return  to  the  ranks,  obeying  the  will  of  their 
successors  in  authority,  at  the  expiration  of  their  term  of  service,  is 
an  archetype  of  the  elective  rights  guaranteed  to  us  by  the  charter  of 
our  civil  government ;  and  from  the  practice  of  this  Company  in  the 
choice  of  its  officers  for  a  century  and  an  half,  our  statesmen  were 
convinced,  that  by  extending  the  elective  franchise  to  the  Militia,  its 
strength,  influence  and  respectability  would  be  increased.  Their 
wisdom  has  been  proved  in  both  cases.  The  elective  principle  as 
applicable  to  civil  rulers,  has  been  adopted  in  every  State  ;  but  those 
who  had  never  seen  the  principle  of  the  election  of  military  officers 
practically  illustrated,  nor  witnessed  its  salutary  effects,  retained  the 
power  of  appointment  in  the  Executive  authority.  The  elective 
principle,  as  applied  to  military  officers,  may  be  reckoned  among 
the  chief  causes  why  men  of  more  distinction  and  intelligence  have 
accepted  of  commands  in  the  Militia  of  this  State  than  in  others 
where  it  is  not  admitted,  and,  consequently,  why  we  have  a  better 
Militia  than  in  those  where  the  officers  are  appointed  by  the  Execu- 
tive authority. 

"  The  reverence  which  is  felt  for  one  of  the  first  establishments  of 
our  ancestors,  the  particular  advantage  which  the  country  has  de- 
rived from  it,  and  its  general  influence,  the  Committee  think,  will 
ever  cause  its  character  to  be  respected ;  while  the  pride  of  charac- 
ter, which  distinguishes  its  members,  they  hope  will  prevent  it  from 
degenerating  into  an  institution  of  useless  ceremony,  for  the  amuse- 
ment of  holiday  admirers.  Though  this  should  not  be  the  effect  of 
design,  it  might  arise  from  that  inertness  in  its  members,  which 
would  content  itself  with  upholding  the  Company  to  its  former  re- 
spectable footing,  notwithstanding  the  public  exhibitions  of  other 
companies  should  demonstrate  that  its  relative  importance  was  lost. 

"  The  Company  should  have,  for  its  chief  objects,  the  attainment 
and  diffusion  of  military  knowledge.  It  should  be  able  to  teach  the 
learned  and  instruct  the  skilful.  It  is  denominated  "  the  Military 


469 

Company  of  Massachusetts ;"  and  as  such  it  should  take  and  keep  the 
lead  of  all  the  military  companies  and  associations  in  the  State  ;  and 
•on  its  days  of  election  and  public  parade,  it  should  exhibit,  as  they 
are  discovered,  all  new  improvements  in  exercise  and  manoeuvres. 
It  should  be  the  tribunal,  to  which  all  officers  should  appeal,  for  cor- 
rect decisions  upon  theoretical  points  ;  and  soldiers,  for  practical 
illustrations  of  them.  When  the  Company  shall  aim  at  these  ob- 
jects, it  may  be  presumed  that  the  increased  share  of  public  atten- 
tion which  it  will  receive,  will  be  usefully  bestowed ;  and  that  the 
officers  of  all  grades,  and  corps  of  the  militia,  will  be  desirous  of 
joining  it;  and  thus,  as  a  school  of  officers,  it  will  have  an  impor- 
tant influence  in  producing  an  uniformity  of  drill  and  discipline  in 
all  the  divisions  of  the  State. 

"  Among  the  reasons  why  the  Company  Roll  is  not  larger,  it  is 
thought,  the  by-law  prohibiting  the  admission  of  any  person  into  it 
who  is  not  twenty-one  years  old,  may  be  reckoned. 

"  There  are  two  other  principal  reasons,  which  have  operated  to 
prevent  the  enlargement  of  the  Company  Roll.  The  first  is,  that 
other  Companies  discover  more  ambition  and  military  ardor  than 
ours,  which  is  composed  of  older  men,  who  do  not  possess  their 
activity  of  muscular  action,  and  who  have  served  so  long  as  to  have 
lost  the  excitement  of  novelty.  The  second,  that  the  Company,  as 
at  present  conducted,  does  not  offer  sufficient  attractions  to  those, 
who  are  thus  advanced  in  age,  as  well  as  in  military  experience,  to 
induce  them  to  purchase  new  uniforms,  and  subject  themselves,  in 
addition,  to, the  payment  of  a  heavy  annual  assessment.  Upon  these 
objections,  the  Committee  were  of  opinion,  that  if  the  second  can 
be  removed,  as  many  younger  men  would  become  members  of  the 
Company,  its  esprit  du  corps  would,  of  itself,  be  sufficient  to  obviate 
the  first. 

"  Your  Committee  will  not  discuss  the  public  advantages  which 
would  arise  from  establishments  for  the  drilling  of  officers.  As  those 
are  well  known,  it  is  sufficient  for  them  to  observe,  that  in  almost 
every  petition  which  has  been  presented  to  the  General  Court,  for 
the  amendment  of  the  militia  law,  this  has  been  enumerated  among 
the  most  important  of  those  which  have  been  named.  The  popular 
sentiment,  therefore,  as  well  as  the  sound  judgment  of  the  commu- 
nity, is  in  favor  of  such  a  modification  of  it.  The  Company,  accord- 
ing to  the  spirit  of  their  charter,  may  anticipate  the  amendment  of 
the  law,  by  making  the  Company  what  it  was  designed  to  be  at 
its  institution,  a  school  of,  and  for  officers,  with  confidence  that 
its  efforts  will  be  encouraged  by  the  Legislature.  But,  to  make 
it  as  extensively  useful  as  its  powers  admit,  the  objection  of  many 


460 

officers,  which  arises  from  the  expense  of  providing  a  new  uni- 
form, and  paying  a  considerable  annual  assessment  besides,  must 
be  obviated.  For  it  cannot  be  supposed  by  any  one,  that  if  the  Gen-; 
eral  Court  should  adopt  any  plan  for  drilling  the  officers  of  the  mili- 
tia, either  in  regiments  or  brigades,  that  they  would  require  them  to 
provide  a  separate  uniform  for  the  purpose. 

"  A  fear  was  entertained,  that  if  the  uniform  of  the  Company  was 
changed,  the  identity  of  the  Company  would  be  lost  to  the  public ; 
and  it  was  observed,  that  though  such  changes  might  be  becoming 
in  younger  institutions,  yet,  as  the  dignity  of  ours  consisted  in  its 
antiquity,  its  distinguishing  characteristic  by  a  change  of  uniform 
would  be  lost.  But,  as  the  Company  have  already  had  four,  and,  as 
it  is  supposed,  six  different  uniforms,  it  was  concluded  that  the  ob- 
jection weighed  less  against  the  proposed  alteration  in  this,  than  it 
would  against  a  change  of  uniform  in  any  other  Company. 

"  There  was  also  another  objection,  arising  from  the  singularity  of 
the  appearance  which  the  Company  would  present  if  the  plan  was 
adopted,  which  occurred  to  almost  every  one,  upon  its  first  promul- 
gation. The  Company,  it  is  supposed,  was  first  uniformed  in  1738, 
and  for  a  long  time  it  was  the  only  uniformed  Company  in  the  State. 
In  1772,  when  they  adopted  a  new  uniform,  considering  themselves 
as  a  Company  of  officers,  they  had  distinct  regard  and  reference  to 
that  worn  by  the  militia.  And  in  1810,  the  uniform  then  worn  was 
entirely  laid  aside,  and  that  which  was  established  for  the  field  and 
company  officers  of  the  Militia  Infantry,  upon  the  same  principle  of 
convenience  and  accommodation,  was  adopted  by  the  Company. 
In  searching  its  history,  your  Committee  have,  besides  these,  found 
continued  instances  of  a  disposition  in  the  Company  to  meet  the 
views  and  wishes  of  the  militia  officers,  who,  until  within  a  few  years 
back,  it  must  be  inferred  from  the  records,  have  had  the  principal 
regulation  of  the  Company  affairs.  In  one  instance,  a  Committee 
was  appointed  '  to  wait  upon  the  field  officers  of  the  regiment,  to 
know  if  they,  either  of  them,  would  take  the  command  of  the  Com- 
pany the  ensuing  year.'  This  vote  was  passed  in  1772,  and  shows 
that  until  that  time,  at  least,  the  Company  was  chiefly  composed  of 
militia  officers.  Since  that  period,  very  great  changes  have  taken 
place  in  our  military  as  well  as  civil  institutions.  Our  militia  is  not 
now  confined  to  Artillery,  Cavalry  and  Infantry  Corps ;  but  Light  In- 
fantry, Grenadier  and  Rifle  Companies  have  been  established.  As 
these  are  composed  of  such  as  voluntarily  enlist  into  them,  they  are 
generally  distinguished  for  the  beauty  of  their  dress,  the  excellence 
of  their  discipline,  and  the  extent  of  their  military  attainments.  Can 
any  good  reason  be  offered,  then,  why  the  officers  of  these  companies, 


461 

as  well  as  others,  should  not  be  admitted  into  the  Company,  without 
being  at  the  expense  of  providing  new  uniforms  ? 

"  The  objection  under  consideration,  arising  from  the  singularity 
of  the  appearance  which  the  Company  would  present,  it  is  admitted 
might  be  urged  with  great  propriety  against  any  other  company  than 
this ;  for  they  consist  principally  of  privates  ;  whereas,  this  is  prin- 
cipally composed  of  officers. 

"  Upon  the  whole,  then,  the  Committee  are  unanimously  of  opin- 
ion that  the  proposition  submitted  to  their  consideration  should  be 
adopted,  and  that  the  following  alterations  in  the  rules  and  regula- 
tions of  the  Company  should  accordingly  be  made  : — 

"  Members  of  the  Company  who  hold,  or  who  have  held  commis- 
sions in  the  militia,  may  appear  in  the  uniform  of  their  respective 
offices ;  provided,  that  the  commissioned  officers  of  the  Company 
only  shall  be  permitted  to  wear  in  it  the  insignia  of  their  militia 
offices. 

"  The  number  of  officers  of  the  Company  shall  be  proportioned 
to  the  number  of  its  active  members,  and  shall  be  fixed  previous  to 
the  election  of  officers  annually. 

"  The  members  of  the  Company  shall  wear  a  herring-bone,  or  the 
number  of  them  to  which  they  are  entitled  by  the  rules  of  the  Com- 
pany, at  all  times,  on  their  military  coats,  as  a  badge  of  membership. 

"  Officers  of  the  militia,  though  under  the  age  of  twenty-one  years, 
may  be  admitted  into  the  Company  as  members." 

September  6th,  1820,  the  above  Report  was  unanimously  adopted  ; 
the  entrance  money  was  reduced  from  fifteen  to  ten  dollars,  since 
reduced  to  five  dollars. 

In  October,  1841,  it  was  voted  to  adopt  for  the  Infantry  the  Con- 
tinental uniform,  as  the  same  appears  in  Washington's  portrait  in 
Faneuil  Hall.  In  1839,  all  fines  were  abolished. 

The  proceeds  of  the  Company  lands  were  not  invested  in  stocks 
till  after  the  Revolution  Part  of  their  funds  had  at  times  been  in- 
vested in  mortgages  of  Copp's  Hill  and  certain  lands  in  Charlestown 
Square  ;  also,  Col.  Blanchard's  mortgage  ;  also,  in  bonds  of  individ- 
uals. Mortgages,  however,  proved  injurious  to  the  Company,  not 
being  able  to  command  the  interest  when  due  and  needed.  Invest- 
ment in  stocks  has  been  attended  with  many  facilities  and  little  loss. 

The  Clergy  have  always  taken  a  strong  interest  in  the  welfare  of 
the  Company,  with  the  exception  of  the  Rev.  John  Pierpont.  They 
have  been  ever  welcome  guests  on  its  anniversary ;  but  they  have 
become  so  numerous,  the  invitations  are  confined  to  the  preachers  of 


462 

its  sermon.  Annually,  in  April,  a  clergyman  in  the  State,  without 
regard  to  religious  sentiments,  is  nominated  by  the  Commander  to 
preach  the  ensuing  Election  Sermon.  The  Commander  of  right 
nominates,  and  the  Company  have  never  negatived  the  nomination. 
The  commissioned  officers  for  the  year  are  the  Committee  to  wait 
on  the  Chaplain  and  request  a  copy  of  the  sermon  for  the  press. 
Formerly,  the  field  officers  of  Boston  Regiment,  and  the  Treasurer, 
were  of  this  Committee.  Once  more,  in  review  of  their  friendly  ser- 
vices, for  two  centuries,  we,  the  present  members,  would  record  the 
thankful  recollection  of  the  past  Preachers. 

From  June  5th,  1731,  to  this  day,  the  custom  has  been  to  present 
the  preacher  fifty  copies  of  his  sermon.  Many  learned  and  patriotic 
discourses  have  been  delivered*  and  printed,  and  preserved  in  the 
historical  and  literary  archives.  From  the  talents  and  influence  ex- 
erted on  this  occasion,  many  bright  ornaments  of  the  Church  have 
been  brought  into  public  notice  and  deserved  distinction.  And, 
finally,  many  excellent  Odes  have  been  written  for  the  Anniversary, 
by  McLellan,  Power,  and  others  but  we  have  only  room  for  one, 
composed  by  Rev.  Nv  L.  Frothingham,  D.  D.  and  sung  at  the 
Church,  June,  1841 : — 

SONS  of  the  free,  be  true  to  glory, 

And  be  that  glory  true — and  wise! 
O  heed  your  noble  fathers'  story! 

O  see  the  waiting  nation's  eyes! 
That  story  fires  the  world  already 

With  generous  deeds  for  freedom  done; — 
Those  eyes  pursue  the  westering  sun, 
To  watch  you  with  their  gazes  steady. 
Stand  close — ye  chosen  line, 

And  vindicate  your  birth! 
March  on! — your  banner'd  stars  shall  shine 
A  blessing  o'er  the  earth! 

No  spoil  that's  won  by  fraud  or  plunder 

E'er  swell  the  treasures  of  your  State! 
No  wars,  with  fratricidal  thunder, 

Storm  out  your  place  among  the  great! 
Let  master-skill,  and  patient  labor, 

And  heaven's  own  gifts,  your  store  increase; 

And  be  the  strength  of  honest  peace 
For  fiery  shot  and  bloody  sabie. 
Stand  close,  &c. 

*  April  20th,  1682,  Dr.  Sprat  preached  the  Election  Sermon  before  the  Artillery 
Company  in  London,  at  St.  Mary  Le  Bow — Sir  William  Prichard  being  President; 

Sir  James  Smith,  Vice  President;   Sir  Andrew .Treasurer.     Text  from 

Luke:  "  He  that  hath  no  sword,  let  him  sell  his  garment  and  buy  one." 


463 

Ye  late  were  few,  that  now  are  many; 

Ye  late  were  weak,  that  now  are  strong; — 
Beyond  the  ridgy  Alleghany, 

From  sea  to  sea  ye  roll  along. 
O  keep  the  brother-bond  forever, 

That  knits  your  numbers  into  one! 

Be  sure  your  praise  is  all  undone, 
Should  jealous  feuds  that  Union  sever. 
Stand  close,  &c. 

Let  knowledge  wear  her  crown  upon  her! 

Your  cry  go  forth  :  more  light!  more  light! 
And  every  spot  that  marks  dishonor 

Fade  off  from  all  your  'scutcheons  white! 
Through  glowing  suns  and  sleety  weather, — 

Let  weal  or  adverse  fates  befall, — 

Together  hark  to  God's  great  call, 
And  rise  and  reign,  or  sink — together. 
Stand  close,  &c. 

Set  high  the  throne  of  heavenly  Order; 

Revere  the  shield  and  blade  of  Law; — 
From  central  point  to  farthest  border, 

Beheld  with  love,  obeyed  with  awe. 
Unruly  factions  ne'er  mislead  you! 
Calm  as  the  angel  Michael  stood, 
Keep  at  your  feet  hell's  ruffian  brood, 
With  right  to  arm,  and  God  to  speed  you! 
Stand  close — ye  chosen  line, 
And  vindicate  your  birth! 
March  on! — your  banner'd  stars  shall  shine 
A  blessing  o'er  the  earth. 


A  pattern  of  the  Continental  uniform,  adopted  last  autumn,  was 
beautifully  made  by  Lieut.  Col.  E.  W.  Stone,  Commander,  and  the 
member  for  whom  it  was  prepared  was  requested  to  wear  it  on  the 
coming  anniversary.  Owing  to  the  embarrassments  of  the  times,  its 
general  adoption  was  postponed. 

May  10th,  1842,  died  in  Boston,  Zechariah  Hicks,  a  past  member, 
aged  87.  "  Upright  and  ho'norable  in  his  dealings." 


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MAY  31 1986 


TIA. 


j  •fama.n   — 


258  History  of  the 

A5 4Vf5 9     Anci 


1842 


Honorable 

Artillery 


Company 


UA 
258 

A54W59 
1842 


UC  SOUTHERN  REGIONAL  LIBRARY  FACILITY 


